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<mods:title id="DDE9AC068C27AB49E28CE82B1905C699">Chromosomal and morphological taxonomy of larvae of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand</mods:title>
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<treatment id="F61F9002FFE97941BD64E827BE72DEE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5657633" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119337446" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5657633" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F61F9002FFE97941BD64E827BE72DEE1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F61F9002FFE97941BD64E827BE72DEE1" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
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<paragraph id="7E092114FFE97941BD64E827BF7CDF43" blockId="8.[264,802,1113,1139]" box="[264,802,1113,1139]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="25419678FFE97941BD64E827BF7CDF43" bold="true" box="[264,802,1113,1139]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="B9B65A97FFE97941BD64E827BF7CDF43" ID-CoL="8DXK2" authority="Takaoka and Davies 1995" authorityName="Takaoka and Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[264,802,1113,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sheilae">
<emphasis id="4CC2FD06FFE97941BD64E827BF7CDF43" bold="true" box="[264,802,1113,1139]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="4CC2FD06FFE97941BD64E827BD84DF43" bold="true" box="[264,474,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Simulium sheilae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1A275CE5FFE97941BD8EE827BF7CDF43" author="Takaoka" box="[482,802,1113,1139]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" refString="Takaoka, H. &amp; Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, Japan, 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka and Davies 1995</bibRefCitation>
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The female, male, pupa, and mature larva of
<taxonomicName id="B9B65A97FFE97941BF76E8E1BFD5DF88" box="[794,907,1183,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sheilae">
<emphasis id="4CC2FD06FFE97941BF76E8E1BFD5DF88" box="[794,907,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">S. sheilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were reported from West
<collectingCountry id="06A16184FFE97941B8D3E8E1B974DF89" box="[1215,1322,1183,1209]" name="Malaysia" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1A275CE5FFE97941BD7CE8B9BE15DFD1" author="Takaoka" box="[272,587,1223,1249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" refString="Takaoka, H. &amp; Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, Japan, 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka and Davies 1995</bibRefCitation>
). The eight gill filaments are arranged in groups of 3 + 3 + 2 from dorsal to ventral (
<figureCitation id="E68D3D91FFE97941BE7AE891BE0BDE39" box="[534,597,1263,1289]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1492,1516]" captionTargetBox="[267,1322,286,1473]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[267,1326,286,1474]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photographs of gill filaments of Simulium species in subgenus Gomphostilbia. A, Simulium angulistylum. B, S. sp. A. C, S. novemarticulatum. D, S. siamense. E, S. sheilae. F, S. sp. nr. sheilae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170007/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig.3</figureCitation>
E). The larva is characterized by a deep postgenal cleft, which almost reaches the posterior margin of the hypostoma (
<figureCitation id="E68D3D91FFE97941BFF1E969BFB8DE01" box="[925,998,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[300,1283,393,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[300,1285,391,1808]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Photographs of postgenal clefts of Simulium species in subgenus Gomphostilbia. A, Simulium asakoae. B, S. gombakense. C, S. sheilae. D, S. dentistylum. E, S. sp. nr. sheilae. F, S. sp. A." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170008/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C), and dark, delicate setae with 2­6 branches on abdominal segments VVIII (
<figureCitation id="E68D3D91FFE97941BF08E941BFF5DE69" box="[868,939,1343,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[264,368,1400,1424]" captionTargetBox="[275,1322,1008,1373]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[275,1334,1008,1374]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photographs of setae on abdominal cuticle of Simulium species in subgenus Gomphostilbia. A, Simulium angulistylum. B, S. decuplum. C, S. dentistylum. D, S. siamense. E, S. sp. A. F, S. asakoae. G, S. sheilae. H, S. sp. nr. sheilae. I, S. novemarticulatum. J, S. sp. B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170006/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7E092114FFE97941BD54E919BE72DEE1" blockId="8.[264,1323,1183,1489]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
Five of
<specimenCount id="68B0EA9DFFE97941BDF3E919BE4CDEB1" box="[415,530,1383,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="larva">35 larvae</specimenCount>
were analyzed for major landmarks. The centromere region of chromosome I is not expanded. In the IIS arm, the ring of Balbiani is basal and the bulge subterminal (
<figureCitation id="E68D3D91FFE97941BDCDE9C9BE5CDEE1" box="[417,514,1463,1489]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[264,368,806,830]" captionTargetBox="[269,1311,335,761]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[269,1311,335,766]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Idiograms of chromosome arm IIS for 12 Simulium species in subgenus Gomphostilbia from Khao Yai National Park, showing relative locations of Ce, centromere; RB, ring of Balbiani; Bu, bulge; Sh, shoestring. A, Simulium angulistylum. B, S. decuplum. C, S. dentistylum. D, S. gombakense. E, S. siamense. F, S. sp. A. G, S. asakoae. H, S. sheilae. I, S. sp. nr. sheilae. J, S. novemarticulatum. K, S. sp. B. L, S. sp. C." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170005/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Figure 1</figureCitation>
H).
</paragraph>
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