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<document id="46B79F19AB655D47C62CE6AC30E7C620" ID-CLB-Dataset="8507" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8cd8a768-c115-4b2e-8167-f9ae52eb4f80" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471454" ID-ZooBank="89E38EAD-A8D2-4ED9-A7D0-8C388A785E61" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1611745873741" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arizala, Stephany, Labarque, Facundo Martín &amp; Polotow, Daniele" docDate="2021" docId="F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4920.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4920 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="0B01FFA4E92396624360FFE7FFFFA866" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698925626463" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="B655CEF9849B8E6743AEAC8FEDD50F47">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E03C6B72E15AE2B24AA163A34D5E462C">Arizala, Stephany</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CFEDDFBACB010DB2A51B4706482FF7E3">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, (PG-IB / UNICAMP), Bloco O CP- 6109. Av. Bertrand Russel s / n. CEP 13083 - 865 Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5F9F8796E60F33D1955BE4ED4C85DCA5">Labarque, Facundo Martín</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A49D42A157EEC92FD861823652BA66B8" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9413-1949</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C0376F483E5228DD0C802174E074ECC6">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="26F02B1038AD48BD51959D9D9D06584D" type="email">facundo.labarque@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FC0B8C89D0565E08C5B38D4729A30ADC">Polotow, Daniele</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="774F6BD89FF4C204326E70C4C9B26760" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1069-1808</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3FB5F6AC5011A98F602E9DA1F2ECB5F5">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; danielepolotow @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1069 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2FDF8BDF7E64A23CFD6D1344501F7EB7" type="email">danielepolotow@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A21B5B2B158F2E7682B251B4251B03FB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0EB3EDAC19281BDF7DBAADEB2048ED6F">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="75361232B87F03A14A4BF0D722937984">4920</mods:number>
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<treatment id="F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4497851" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4497851" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection id="378B6541E928966943F7FB3DFD72AC93" box="[151,653,1242,1269]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943F7FB3DFD72AC93" blockId="11.[151,653,1242,1305]" box="[151,653,1242,1269]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="246681A6E928966943F7FB3DFD72AC93" bold="true" box="[151,653,1242,1269]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943F7FB3DFD72AC93" ID-CoL="8VLQ" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,653,1242,1269]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FB3DFD72AC93" bold="true" box="[151,653,1242,1269]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FB3DFE4AAC93" bold="true" box="[151,437,1242,1269]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966942DDFB3CFD72AC93" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[445,653,1243,1269]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="378B6541E928966943F7FB18FEADAD7F" box="[151,338,1279,1305]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943F7FB18FEADAD7F" blockId="11.[151,653,1242,1305]" box="[151,338,1279,1305]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966943F7FB18FEFDAD7F" box="[151,258,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669426DFB18FEADAD7F" box="[269,338,1279,1305]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-2="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionStartId-3="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetBox-2="[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetBox-3="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@15.[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetId-3="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). A–B, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C–D, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.A–B, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. C–D, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS).A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">11–14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E928966943F7FAA4FB42ADFF" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE928966943F7FAA4FD82AD3D" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[151,637,1347,1372]" page="693" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943F7FAA4FD82AD3D" authority="Keyserling, 1877: 693" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityPageNumber="693" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,637,1347,1372]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigerus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FAA4FE65AD3D" box="[151,410,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spinigerus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966942FEFAA4FD82AD3D" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[414,637,1347,1372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877: 693</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, plate 8, fig. 60 (male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E92896694032FAA4FC54AD3D" box="[850,939,1347,1371]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE92896694084FAA4FBCBAD3D" box="[996,1076,1347,1371]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E9289669475BFAA3FB67AD3D" box="[1083,1176,1348,1371]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
, Córdoba, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE92896694667FAA4FA67AD3D" box="[1287,1432,1347,1371]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="15.9" value="18.88775">18º53’15.9”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE928966943A7FA85FEA0AD1C" box="[199,351,1378,1402]" degrees="96" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="03.2" value="-96.93423">96º56’03.2”W</geoCoordinate>
], deposited in NHM 1890.7.1.2924, examined).—F.O.
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE928966940E6FA85FB47AD1C" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[902,1208,1378,1402]" page="103" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1897">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966940E6FA85FB47AD1C" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[902,1208,1378,1402]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="52 - 106" refId="ref19572" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1897) On cteniform spiders from the lower Amazons and other regions of North and South America, with a list of all known species of these groups hitherto recorded from the New World. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (19), 52 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939708680507" type="journal article" year="1897">Pickard-Cambridge 1897: 103</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, plate 4, fig. 3b—Mel-lo-Leit„o 1936: 192, fig. 12.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9289669429BFA66FCE5ADFF" author="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L." box="[507,794,1409,1433]" page="293" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9289669429BFA66FCE5ADFF" author="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L." box="[507,794,1409,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 309" refId="ref19002" refString="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L. (1973) The spiders of New Zealand. Part IV. Otago Museum Bulletin, 4, 1 - 309." type="journal article" year="1973">Forster &amp; Wilton 1973: 293</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1042.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966940FCFA66FB46ADFF" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[924,1209,1409,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943F7FA78FB1AADDE" blockId="11.[151,1437,1347,1464]" box="[151,1253,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E928966943F7FA78FB1AADDE" box="[151,1253,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943F7FA78FE79ADD1" ID-CoL="8VLQ" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,390,1439,1463]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FA78FE79ADD1" box="[151,390,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE928966942C0FA78FDB1ADD1" author="Simon, E." box="[416,590,1439,1464]" page="229" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966942C0FA78FDB1ADD1" author="Simon, E." box="[416,590,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref20064" refString="Simon, E. (1892) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Vol. 1. Roret, Paris, 256 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51973" type="book" year="1892">Simon 1892: 229</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9289669410BFA78FCAFADDE" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[619,848,1439,1464]" page="49" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9289669410BFA78FCAFADDE" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[619,848,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref19999" refString="Silva-Davila, D. (2003) Higher-level relationships of the spider family Ctenidae (Araneae: Ctenoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 247, 1 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2003) 274 % 3 C 0001: HLROTS % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Silva-Dávila 2003: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 19d.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966940A3FA78FB1EADDE" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[963,1249,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E928966943F7FA02FA74AEF6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943F7FA02FA74AEF6" blockId="11.[151,1437,1509,2040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FA02FE2FAD99" bold="true" box="[151,464,1509,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E928966942B8FA01FE89AE42" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878302" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="N. Banks" country="Mexico" latitude="18.850473" location="Orizaba" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.10364" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE928966942B8FA01FDB5AE66" box="[472,586,1510,1536]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694137FA01FD3BAD99" box="[599,708,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E92896694137FA01FD41AD99" box="[599,702,1510,1535]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
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, [
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a.s.l.,
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<date id="0B2F100AE928966943BDF9B6FEA0AE0D" box="[221,351,1617,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1946-11-23">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E928966943BDF9B6FEA0AE0D" box="[221,351,1617,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1946-11-23">23.XI.1946</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694116F9B5FD23AE0A" box="[630,732,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E92896694116F9B5FD29AE0A" box="[630,726,1618,1644]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E92896694185F9B5FCDCAE0A" box="[741,803,1618,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Selva</collectingMunicipality>
el
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, 32
<collectorName id="D264531CE928966947F3F9B5FA67AE0A" box="[1171,1432,1618,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Km NW Ocosocuautla</collectorName>
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<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E92896694136F991FA79AEF6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878304" box="[598,1414,1654,1680]" collectingDate="1972-08-27" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="C. Mullinex &amp; D. E. Breedlove" country="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chiapas">
a.s.l.,
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<date id="0B2F100AE92896694062F991FC68AEF6" box="[770,919,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1972-08-27">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E92896694062F991FC68AEF6" box="[770,919,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1972-08-27">27.VIII.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE928966940C3F991FBD5AEF6" box="[931,1066,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. Mullinex</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D264531CE9289669472EF991FB04AEF6" box="[1102,1275,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">D.E. Breedlove</collectorName>
coll. (
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E928966943A7F97EFD10AF9E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943A7F97EFD10AF9E" blockId="11.[151,1437,1509,2040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943A7F97EFEBDAED5" bold="true" box="[199,322,1689,1715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966942D9F97DFD3BAED5" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[441,708,1690,1716]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966942D9F97DFD3BAED5" box="[441,708,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966941B5F97DFCD6AED2" box="[725,809,1690,1716]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). A–B, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C–D, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 11</figureCitation>
C–D, 12A–B) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966947C8F97DFADAAED5" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1192,1317,1690,1716]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966947C8F97DFADAAED5" box="[1192,1317,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669464FF97DFEE5AEBE" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669424BF959FE7EAEBE" box="[299,385,1726,1752]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 31. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., male holotype (SMF 8676).A–B, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C–D, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 31</figureCitation>
C–D, 32A–B) by the palpal tibia retrolaterally swollen and the RTA short, wider than long. It can be distinguished by the cymbial projection with a slightly anterior slope in ventral view and by the median apophysis with a wider than long proapical hook.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966941BBF8E1FC1AAF79" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[731,997,1798,1824]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966941BBF8E1FC1AAF79" box="[731,997,1798,1824]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669408FF8E1FB16AF46" bold="true" box="[1007,1257,1798,1824]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
presents a pronounced anterior slope in the cymbial projection and a longer than wide proapical hook in the median apophysis. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92896694278F8A9FDDFAF01" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[280,544,1870,1896]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694278F8A9FDDFAF01" box="[280,544,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669414EF8A9FD7EAF0E" box="[558,641,1870,1896]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.A–B, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. C–D, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 12</figureCitation>
C–D, 13C, 14A–B) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9289669474BF8A9FB5AAF01" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1067,1189,1870,1896]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669474BF8A9FB5AAF01" box="[1067,1189,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966947CCF8A9FA63AF0E" bold="true" box="[1196,1436,1870,1896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966943FFF895FF0CAFEA" box="[159,243,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[216,1370,193,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[204,1383,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 32. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., copulatory organs. A–B, male palp (holotype, SMF 8676); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. C–D, female genitalia (paratype, SMF 8674); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471524/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 32</figureCitation>
C–D, 33C–D) by the median sector subpentagonal, but it can be distinguished by the anterior border of lateral sectors forming a 90° angle with the median sector longitudinal axis, and by the atrium subtriangular, whereas
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943F7F85DFEEDAFB5" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[151,274,1978,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7F85DFEEDAFB5" box="[151,274,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694278F85DFDF7AFB2" bold="true" box="[280,520,1978,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
presents straight anterior border of the lateral sectors forming a 60° angle with the median sector longitudinal axis and a suboval atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92F966E43F7F9DCFF09AE11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92F966E43F7F9DCFF09AE11" blockId="12.[151,1436,1595,1655]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92F966E43F7F9DCFEDEAE35" bold="true" box="[151,289,1595,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92F966E429AF9DCFD70AE35" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[506,655,1595,1619]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92F966E429AF9DCFD70AE35" box="[506,655,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E92F967243A7F942FB8AAA7F" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92F966E43A7F942FCEDAFB9" blockId="12.[151,1437,1701,2016]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92F966E43A7F942FCE3AED9" bold="true" box="[199,796,1701,1727]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E92F966E42D1F942FDE6AED9" box="[433,537,1701,1727]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
NHB 1890.7.1.2924).
</emphasis>
Total length 11.30. Carapace 6.00 long and 5.00 wide. Clypeus 0.25 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.23, ALE 0.10, PME 0.30, PLE 0.25. Leg measurements: I: femur 8.00/ patella 4.00/ tibia 9.00/ metatarsus 8.40/ tarsus 2.80/ total 32.2; II: 7.00/ 4.00/ 7.00/ 7.00/ 2.00/ 27.00; III: 6.00/ 2.00/ 4.90/ 5.80/ 2.10/ 20.80; IV: 8.40/ 3.80/ 7.00/ 9.00/ 3.00/ 31.20. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-0-1, r-1-0-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2- 2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-1, III v-1-1-1-1-1, p-1-1-1, r-1-1, IV v-1-1-1-1-1, p-1-1, r-1-1-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92F966E470BF8BEFB43AF15" box="[1131,1212,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). A–B, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C–D, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 11</figureCitation>
C–D, 12A–B): tibia shorter than cymbium, swollen retrobasally; RTA with blunt tip; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and curved; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar and long, spatula-shaped, with a proapical hook.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92E966F43F7F870FD85AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92E966F43F7F870FD85AFB2" blockId="13.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92E966F43F7F870FEE1AFC9" bold="true" box="[151,286,1943,1967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92E966F4245F87FFD34AFD6" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[293,715,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92E966F4245F87FFDECAFC9" box="[293,531,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92E966F417AF87FFD34AFD6" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[538,715,1944,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). A–B, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C–D, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92D966C43F7F87FFB47AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92D966C43F7F87FFB47AFB2" blockId="14.[151,1436,1944,2004]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92D966C43F7F87FFEDFAFD6" bold="true" box="[151,288,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92D966C4246F87FFD34AFD6" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[294,715,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92D966C4246F87FFDEBAFD6" box="[294,532,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92D966C417AF87FFD34AFD6" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[538,715,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, copulatory organs. A–B, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. C–D, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92C966D43F7FB21FF1AAD64" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" targetBox="[192,1395,181,1198]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92C966D43F7FB21FF1AAD64" blockId="15.[151,1437,1222,1282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D43F7FB21FEE0ACB8" bold="true" box="[151,287,1222,1246]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92C966D4245FB21FD35ACB9" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[293,714,1222,1247]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D4245FB21FDECACB8" box="[293,531,1222,1246]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92C966D4179FB21FD35ACB9" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[537,714,1222,1247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female (CAS). A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92C966D43F7F849FE65AF8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" targetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92C966D43F7F849FE65AF8D" blockId="15.[151,1437,1966,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D43F7F849FEDFAFA1" bold="true" box="[151,288,1966,1991]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92C966D4247F848FD30AFA1" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[295,719,1967,1991]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D4247F848FDE9AFA0" box="[295,534,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92C966D417DF848FD30AFA1" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[541,719,1967,1991]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FF70FE53A993" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FF70FE14A8D6" bold="true" box="[199,491,150,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Female (CAS,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93396724218FF71FE21A8D6" box="[376,478,150,176]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
).
</emphasis>
Total length 10.50. Carapace 4.92 long and 4.36 wide. Clypeus 0.28 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.20, ALE 0.14, PME 0.28, PLE 0.23. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.08/ patella 2.51/ tibia 6.90/ metatarsus 5.71/ tarsus 1.85/ total 23.05; II: 5.57/ 2.49/ 5.30/ 4.87/ 1.54/ 19.77; III: 4.24/ 1.57/ 3.68/ 4.46/ 1.39/ 15.34; IV: 5.62/ 2.16/ 5.46/ 6.68/ 2.08/ 22.00. Leg formula 1432. Leg spination: tibia I v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0- 1-1-1, r-0-1-0,1,1, II v 2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-0-0-1-1, r-0-1-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r 1-1; metatarsus I, II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1, r-1, III and IV v-1-1-1-1, p-1-1-, r-1-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93396724704FEACFB47A903" box="[1124,1208,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.A–B, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. C–D, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 12</figureCitation>
C–D, 13C, 14A–B): median sector subpentagonal, wide anteriorly and extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors strongly curved; atrium subtriangular, slightly sclerotized; copulatory ducts curved, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FE19FB8AAA7F" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,573]" box="[199,1141,510,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FE19FEC0AA7E" bold="true" box="[199,319,510,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Variation.</emphasis>
Four females: total body length 10.50–16.20; carapace length 4.92–6.20.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E933967243A7FDC5FD2FAA5B" box="[199,720,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FDC5FD2FAA5B" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,573]" box="[199,720,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FDC5FE9EAA5A" bold="true" box="[199,353,546,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</emphasis>
Central-east
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93396724296FDC4FDB3AA5B" box="[502,588,547,573]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mexico</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9339672413BFDC4FD3CAA5B" box="[603,707,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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