618 lines
42 KiB
XML
618 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205" ID-PMC="PMC5799733" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-92-45" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF87505DCC53DA6340454656A560FF82" ID-PubMed="29416411" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1166371" ModsDocID="1314-2003-92-45" checkinTime="1516042702086" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sukhorukov, Alexander P., Nilova, Maya V., Erst, Andrey S., Kushunina, Maria, Baider, Claudia, Verloove, Filip, Salas-Pascual, Marcos, Belyaeva, Irina V., Krinitsina, Anastasiya A., Bruyns, Peter V. & Klak, Cornelia" docDate="2018" docId="892D3013896951E4B9E017DD18A28FE7" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 92: 45-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 92" docPubDate="2018-01-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205" docTitle="Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FF87505DCC53DA6340454656A560FF82" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="FF87505DCC53DA6340454656A560FF82" masterDocTitle="Diagnostics, taxonomy, nomenclature and distribution of perennial Sesuvium (Aizoaceae) in Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1668142185451" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Diagnostics, taxonomy, nomenclature and distribution of perennial Sesuvium (Aizoaceae) in Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sukhorukov, Alexander P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1 / 12, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">suchor@mail.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nilova, Maya V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1 / 12, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Erst, Andrey S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Zolotodolinskaya st. 101, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia & Tomsk State University, Laboratory of Phylogeny and Systematics, Lenin st. 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kushunina, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Physiology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1 / 12, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Baider, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>The Mauritius Herbarium, RE Vaughan Building, Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, Reduit, 80835, Mauritius</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Verloove, Filip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Botanic Garden of Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, B- 1860 Meise, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salas-Pascual, Marcos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Environmental Studies and Natural Resources (i-UNAT), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Belyaeva, Irina V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW 9 3 AE, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Krinitsina, Anastasiya A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0653-3655</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1 / 12, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bruyns, Peter V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Bolus Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rhodes Gift, 7707 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Klak, Cornelia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Bolus Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rhodes Gift, 7707 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-01-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>92</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>45</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205</mods:url>
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||
</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-92-45</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF87505DCC53DA6340454656A560FF82</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1166371</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225459" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:892D3013896951E4B9E017DD18A28FE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/892D3013896951E4B9E017DD18A28FE7" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName LSID="892D3013-8969-51E4-B9E0-17DD18A28FE7" authority="subsp. portulacastrum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="portulacastrum" subSpecies="portulacastrum">Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Parts of the plant of Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum: A vegetative shoots B reproductive shoots. Photographs by M. Salas-Pascual (Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain, July 2017)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179516" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName authority="portulacastrum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="portulacastrum" subSpecies="portulacastrum">Sesuvium portulacastrum portulacastrum</taxonomicName>
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=
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium brevifolium" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="brevifolium">Sesuvium brevifolium</taxonomicName>
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Schumach. & Thonn. in Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 233 (1827).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Lectotype</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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(designated here by Sukhorukov): Danish Gold Coast, Guinea [probably SE Ghana],
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">P.E. Isert s.n</emphasis>
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. (C10004542! [photo seen]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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The lectotype is chosen due to inclusion of two elements in the protologue (
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<bibRefCitation author="Schumacher, FC" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="36" pageNumber="81" refId="B70" refString="Schumacher, FC, 1827. Beskrivelse af Guineiske planter: som ere fundne af Danske botanikere, isaer af etatsraad Thonning. Popp, Copenhagen." title="Beskrivelse af Guineiske planter: som ere fundne af Danske botanikere, isaer af etatsraad Thonning. Popp, Copenhagen." year="1827">Schumacher 1827</bibRefCitation>
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), a specimen cited and a drawing (Table 216, Fig. 1).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1166626" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179516" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Figure 13.</emphasis>
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Parts of the plant of
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<taxonomicName authority="subsp. portulacastrum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="portulacastrum" subSpecies="portulacastrum">Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">A</emphasis>
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vegetative shoots
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">B</emphasis>
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reproductive shoots. Photographs by M. Salas-Pascual (Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain, July 2017).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="taxonomic notes">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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The autonymous subspecies is of American origin and is known in many parts of tropical Africa and other continents, especially in regions with a hot and humid climate. According to the lectotypification undertaken by
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<bibRefCitation author="Wijnands, DO" journalOrPublisher="Academic Press, New York" pageId="37" pageNumber="82" refId="B88" refString="Wijnands, DO, 1983. The Botany of the Commelins. Balkema, Rotterdam." title="The Botany of the Commelins. Balkema, Rotterdam." year="1983">Wijnands (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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, the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“true”">"true"</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">S. portulacastrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is present in Central America (including the Caribbean Islands). The following characters distinguish this subspecies: rampant ramification, glabrous stems and adult leaves with mamillate epidermis, petioles up to 3 mm, oblong-spatulate leaves of 20-60
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-10(12) mm and 1.5-4 mm thick, conspicuous (7-12 mm) pedicels, flowers 10-15 mm in diameter and slightly elongated seeds. This description makes sense, because the species is non-uniform in its morphological characters (e.g. leaf length, presence of papillae on stems and leaves, seed ornamentation) and is corroborated by the molecular phylogeny (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" author="Bohley, K" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="32" pageNumber="77" pagination="124 - 147" refId="B9" refString="Bohley, K, Winter, PJD, Kadereit, G, 2017. A revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae). Systematic Botany 42 (1): 124 - 147, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" title="A revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" volume="42" year="2017">Bohley et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). Although
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">S. portulacastrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is considered to have numerous synonyms (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" author="Bohley, K" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="32" pageNumber="77" pagination="124 - 147" refId="B9" refString="Bohley, K, Winter, PJD, Kadereit, G, 2017. A revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae). Systematic Botany 42 (1): 124 - 147, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" title="A revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" volume="42" year="2017">Bohley et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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), at least some of them need further studies due to the presence of morphological differences, e.g.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. microphyllum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="microphyllum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">S. microphyllum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Willd. (Caribbean Islands),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. sessile" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="sessile">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">S. sessile</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Pers. (South America?) or populations growing in Southeast Asia. In addition,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Sesuvium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is represented in Central America by at least six taxa (Sukhorukov et al., in prep.) and two of them have to be described as new species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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From humid coastal parts of West Africa, only one perennial species was described,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. brevifolium" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="brevifolium">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">S. brevifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Schumach. & Thonn. (
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<bibRefCitation author="Schumacher, FC" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="36" pageNumber="81" refId="B70" refString="Schumacher, FC, 1827. Beskrivelse af Guineiske planter: som ere fundne af Danske botanikere, isaer af etatsraad Thonning. Popp, Copenhagen." title="Beskrivelse af Guineiske planter: som ere fundne af Danske botanikere, isaer af etatsraad Thonning. Popp, Copenhagen." year="1827">Schumacher 1827</bibRefCitation>
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). This species has spatulate or oblong leaves with very short petioles, the characters being typical of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10 (2): 1058" authorityYear="1759" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Sesuvium portulacastrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. For this reason,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. brevifolium" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="brevifolium">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">S. brevifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is merged with
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<taxonomicName authority="subsp. portulacastrum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="portulacastrum" subSpecies="portulacastrum">S. portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum</taxonomicName>
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, this being in agreement with other accounts (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hooker, WJ" journalOrPublisher="2. INEAC Publ., Brussels" pageId="34" pageNumber="79" refId="B39" refString="Hooker, WJ, 1849. Niger Flora; or, an enumeration of the plants of Western Tropical Africa. Bailliere, London." title="Niger Flora; or, an enumeration of the plants of Western Tropical Africa. Bailliere, London." year="1849">Hooker 1849</bibRefCitation>
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, Welwitsch in
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<bibRefCitation author="Oliver, D" journalOrPublisher="2, 2 (10). Borntraeger, Berlin" pageId="35" pageNumber="80" refId="B60" refString="Oliver, D, 1871. Flora of Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Leguminosae to Ficoideae). Reeve & Co, London." title="Flora of Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Leguminosae to Ficoideae). Reeve & Co, London." year="1871">Oliver 1871</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" author="Bohley, K" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="32" pageNumber="77" pagination="124 - 147" refId="B9" refString="Bohley, K, Winter, PJD, Kadereit, G, 2017. A revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae). Systematic Botany 42 (1): 124 - 147, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" title="A revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X694575" volume="42" year="2017">Bohley et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
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The autonymous subspecies of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">S. portulacastrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distributed along the sea shores of many parts of tropical and subtropical Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Exell, AW" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="33" pageNumber="78" refId="B18" refString="Exell, AW, 1944. Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tome (with Principe and Annobon). British Museum (Natural History), London." title="Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tome (with Principe and Annobon). British Museum (Natural History), London." year="1944">Exell 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeffrey, C" editor="Hubbard, CE" journalOrPublisher="Crown Agents, London" pageId="34" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 35" refId="B42" refString="Jeffrey, C, 1961. Aizoaceae. In: Hubbard, CE, Milne-Redhead, E, Eds., Flora of Tropical East Africa [no volume number]. Crown Agents, London: 1 - 35" title="Aizoaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa [no volume number]." year="1961">Jeffrey 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Goncalves, ML" editor="Mendes, EJ" journalOrPublisher="83. Aizoaceae. Junta de Investigacoes Cientificas do Ultramar, Lisbon" pageId="34" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 13" refId="B30" refString="Goncalves, ML, 1979. Aizoaceae. In: Mendes, EJ, Ed., Flora de Mocambique, Vol. 83. Aizoaceae. Junta de Investigacoes Cientificas do Ultramar, Lisbon: 1 - 13" title="Aizoaceae." volumeTitle="Flora de Mocambique, Vol." year="1979">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
|
||
1979
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gilbert, MG" editor="Thulin, M" journalOrPublisher="1. The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London" pageId="33" pageNumber="78" pagination="111 - 117" refId="B25" refString="Gilbert, MG, 1993. Aizoaceae. In: Thulin, M, Ed., Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1. The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London: 111 - 117" title="Aizoaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Somalia, Vol." year="1993">Gilbert 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Friedmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis" pageId="33" pageNumber="78" refId="B23" refString="Friedmann, F, 1994. Flore des Seychelles. Dicotyledones. Orstom Editions, Paris." title="Flore des Seychelles. Dicotyledones. Orstom Editions, Paris." year="1994">Friedmann 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sosef, MSM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="36" pageNumber="81" refId="B72" refString="Sosef, MSM, Wieringa, JJ, Jongkind, CCH, Achoundong, G, Azizef, Issembe Y, Bedigian, D, van den Berg, RG, Breteler, FJ, Cheek, M, Degreef, J, Faden, RB, Goldblatt, P, van der Maesen, LJG, Ngok, Banak L, Niagadourma, R, Nzabi, T, Nziengui, B, Rogers, ZS, Stevart, T, van Valkenburg, JLCH, Walters, G, de Wilde, JJFE, 2006. Checklist of Gabonese vascular plants. National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Meise." title="Checklist of Gabonese vascular plants. National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Meise." year="2006">Sosef et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lisowski, S" journalOrPublisher="Biochemistry (Moscow)" pageId="35" pageNumber="80" refId="B52" refString="Lisowski, S, 2009. Flore (Angiospermes) de la Republique de Guinee, Vol. 1 (Text). Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise." title="Flore (Angiospermes) de la Republique de Guinee, Vol. 1 (Text). Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise." year="2009">Lisowski 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Acebes-Ginoves, JR" editor="Arechavaleta, M" journalOrPublisher="Gobierno de Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife" pageId="32" pageNumber="77" pagination="119 - 172" refId="B1" refString="Acebes-Ginoves, JR, Leon-Arencibia, MC, Rodriguez-Navarro, ML, Del Arco, MJ, Garcia-Gallo, A, Perez, de Paz PL, Rodriguez, O, Martin-Osorio, VE, Wildpret, W, 2010. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta. In: Arechavaleta, M, Rodriguez, S, Zurita, N, Garcia, A, Eds., Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias (hongos, plantas y animales terrestres). Gobierno de Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife: 119 - 172" title="Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta." volumeTitle="Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias (hongos, plantas y animales terrestres)." year="2010">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Acebes-Ginovés">Acebes-Ginoves</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and it seems to be present in almost all regions of Africa except South Africa. The causes of such invasion to seashore communities in Africa or in other
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="65" start="start">regions</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of the Old World are not clear. It can be partially explained by the cultivation of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">S. portulacastrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in some areas for ornamental purposes, but mostly by transportation of its seeds in the sand ballast of ships sailing between America and other parts of the world in the 15th-17th centuries. The examination of the herbarium specimens indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">S. portulacastrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was sometimes collected in the same places as native
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Sesuvium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. congense" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="congense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">S. congense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. crithmoides" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="crithmoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">S. crithmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), e.g. on seashores of Kongo-Central province (DR Congo) and Angola.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Angola">ANGOLA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Luanda">Luanda</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Praia do Bispo,
|
||
<date value="1858-12">Dec 1858</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Welwitsch 2385</emphasis>
|
||
(BM); [
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Bengo">Bengo prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
] Ambriz, [no date]
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Welwitsch 2383</emphasis>
|
||
(K); [
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Bengo">Bengo prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
] Dande River,
|
||
<date value="1955-09-17">17 Sep 1955</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">J. Lebrun 10908</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828103); Mossamedes [
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Namibe">Namibe</collectingRegion>
|
||
],
|
||
<date value="1956-01-10">10 Jan 1956</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">E.J. Mendes</emphasis>
|
||
1250 (BM); [
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Namibe">Namibe prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
] Cabo Negro,
|
||
<date value="1973-04-15">15 Apr 1973</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">P. Bamps et al. 4522</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828097, K, LE);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Angola" name="Kwanza Sul">Kwanza Sul prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-10.85">10°51'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="13.8">13°48'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1975-02-02">2 Feb 1975</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">C.J. Ward and J.D. Ward 68</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Benin">BENIN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Cotonou beach,
|
||
<date value="1970-03-22">22 Mar 1970</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">L.A. Assi 11134</emphasis>
|
||
(G);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO</collectingCountry>
|
||
: [
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo">Kongo Central prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
] Banana,
|
||
<date value="1915-07-16">16 Jul 1915</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Bequaert 8014</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828165); Bula-Bemba,
|
||
<date value="1958-09-02">2 Sep 1958</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">J. Wagemans 1982</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828172);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Gabon">GABON</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Estuaire">Estuaire prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1985-02-22">22 Feb 1985</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">A.M. Louis 1728</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828028);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Ghana">GHANA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Sekondi,
|
||
<date value="1925-10-03">3 Oct 1925</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">H. Howes 980</emphasis>
|
||
(K); nr Tema harbor,
|
||
<date value="1960-09-20">20 Sep 1960</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">J.O. Ankrah 20547</emphasis>
|
||
(K); Accra,
|
||
<date value="1958-08-12">12 Aug 1958</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">J. Lebrun 11334</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828042);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ghana" name="Greater Accra">Greater Accra Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Ambassador Beach,
|
||
<date value="1977-02-26">26 Feb 1977</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">A.J.M. Leeuwenberg 11123</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828035);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Guinea-Bissau">GUINEA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Conakry,
|
||
<date value="1954-08">Aug 1954</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">H. Jacques 7002</emphasis>
|
||
(LE); [
|
||
<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boké">Boke</normalizedToken>
|
||
Region
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
] Boffa pref., Bel-Air,
|
||
<date value="1979-02-05">5 Feb 1979</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">S. Lisowski 51828</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013827567); GLORIOSO ISLANDS: Iles aux Crabes (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">C. Fontaine</emphasis>
|
||
, obs.; image seen!);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Kenya">KENYA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Kilifi">Kilifi distr.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Malindi,
|
||
<date value="1961-12-03">3 Dec 1961</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">R. Polhill and S. Paulo 895</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828059, K, P04602215); Mikindani distr., Mtwara,
|
||
<date value="1963-03-12">12 Mar 1963</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">H.M. Richards 17861</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Mombasa">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1969-12-13">13 Dec 1969</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Bally 13736</emphasis>
|
||
(G);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Tana River">Tana River distr.</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Kenya" name="Tana River">Tana</collectingRegion>
|
||
delta, Shekiko Camp,
|
||
<date value="1990-04-25">25 Apr 1990</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">S.A. Robertson 6121</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
: [no exact location and date] herb.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Petit-Thouars s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(P04600013);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Morocco">MOROCCO</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Skhirat,
|
||
<date value="1937-06-10">10 Jun 1937</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">J. Gattefosse 138</emphasis>
|
||
(G, P05196618);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Mozambique">MOZAMBIQUE</collectingCountry>
|
||
(selected specimens): Delagoa [
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Maputo">Maputo</collectingRegion>
|
||
] Bay, 1890,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">H. Junod 258</emphasis>
|
||
(G); Komati river,
|
||
<date value="1922-07-15">15 Jul 1922</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">C.E. Moss 7040</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lorenço">Lorenco</normalizedToken>
|
||
Marques,
|
||
<date value="1959-08-31">31 Aug 1959</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">R. Watmaugh 313</emphasis>
|
||
(M);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Maputo">Maputo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1970-06-03">3 Jun 1970</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">M.F. Correla and A. Marques 1630</emphasis>
|
||
(E00651988);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Sofala">Sofala province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Beira,
|
||
<date value="1972-02-26">26 Feb 1972</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">M.F. Correla and A. Marques 2812</emphasis>
|
||
(M);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Maputo">Maputo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1979-03-08">8 Mar 1979</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
|
||
P.A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schäfer">Schaefer</normalizedToken>
|
||
6707
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Mozambique" name="Inhambane">Inhambane prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Massinga, Pomene,
|
||
<date value="1980-06-20">20 Jun 1980</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">J. de Koning 8197</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG1408388); Maganja da Costa, Praia Maraga,
|
||
<date value="1996-11-15">15 Nov 1996</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">A.R. Torre and M.F. Correia 14693</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828134, M); [Massinga distr.] Pomene,
|
||
<date value="1980-09-24">24 Sep 1980</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">P.C.M. Jansen 7521</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828110);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Sao Tome and Principe">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="SÃO">SAO</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="TOMÉ">TOME</normalizedToken>
|
||
&
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="PRÍNCIPE">PRINCIPE</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tomé">Tome</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
[Island],
|
||
<date value="1916-04">Apr 1916</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
|
||
A.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortesão">Cortesao</normalizedToken>
|
||
s.n
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. (BM);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Senegal">SENEGAL</collectingCountry>
|
||
: [Oussouye Dept.] Basse Casamance National Park, Kabrousse,
|
||
<date value="1976-12-22">22 Dec 1976</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">C. Van den Berghen 1582</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013827519); [Cap Vert Peninsula] Lake Retba,
|
||
<date value="1984-12-20">20 Dec 1984</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">D. Thoen 7367</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013827526);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Seychelles">SEYCHELLES</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Aldabra Island,
|
||
<date value="1968-02-26">26 Feb 1968</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">F.R. Fosberg 49547</emphasis>
|
||
(L1693568); Aldabra, South Island, Grand Cavalier,
|
||
<date value="1972-05-11">11 May 1972</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">D. Wood 1686</emphasis>
|
||
(E00651983); Farquhar Group, Farquhar Island,
|
||
<date value="1972-02-02">2 Feb 1972</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="66" start="start">Frazier</pageBreakToken>
|
||
121
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K); Farquhar Group, St Pierre Island,
|
||
<date value="1941-10-04">4 Oct 1941</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">P.O. Wiehe 1681</emphasis>
|
||
(MAU 0023813, MAU 0023814); SIERRA-LEONE: Samu chiefdom,
|
||
<date value="1930-03-22">22 Mar 1930</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">R.R. Glanville 251</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, K);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Somalia">SOMALIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Kodei village,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="1" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.0166667">1°1'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="41.966667">41°58'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1983-06-29">29 Jun 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">J.B. Gillett et al</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">5116</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Spain">SPAIN</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Spain" name="Canarias">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
(selected specimens): Lanzarote, Playa Honda,
|
||
<date value="2011-03-24">24 Mar 2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">F. Verloove 9276</emphasis>
|
||
(BR); La Laja beach, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="38.70" value="28.06075">28°03'38.70"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.28" value="-15.420078">15°25'12.28"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2017-07-31">31 Jul 2017</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">M. Salas-Pascual s.n</emphasis>
|
||
. (MW); Beach of El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Águila">Aguila</normalizedToken>
|
||
, San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bartolomé">Bartolome</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Tirajana, 27°46°38.80"N,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.50" value="-15.527361">15°31'38.50"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2017-07-31">31 Jul 2017</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">M. Salas-Pascual s.n</emphasis>
|
||
. (MW); El Veril beach, San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bartolomé">Bartolome</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Tirajana,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.78" value="27.760216">27°45'36.78"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="50.77" value="-15.564103">15°33'50.77"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2017-07-31">31 Jul 2017</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">M. Salas-Pascual s.n</emphasis>
|
||
. (BR, MW); Edge of the Charca de Maspalomas, San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bartolomé">Bartolome</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Tirajana,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.96" value="27.740267">27°44'24.96"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="43.79" value="-15.595497">15°35'43.79"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2017-07-31">31 Jul 2017</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">M. Salas-Pascual s.n</emphasis>
|
||
. (MW);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Tanzania">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Tanga">Tanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Tanga">Tanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
Bay,
|
||
<date value="1929-11-04">4 Nov 1929</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Greenway 1853</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Kaskazini Unguja">Zanzibar</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Marahubi Beach,
|
||
<date value="1961-04-22">22 Apr 1961</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">H. Faulkner 2814</emphasis>
|
||
(BR0000013828073);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Dar es Salaam">Dar es Salam</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1968-08-26">26 Aug 1968</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">M. Batty 284</emphasis>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Tunisia">TUNISIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: pers. comm. R. El Mokni (photo!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="66" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="66">General distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
|
||
The subspecies seems to be widely distributed on the seashores of the tropics, but some populations from tropical America and SE Asia are distinct in their morphological characters. The distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="subsp. portulacastrum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="portulacastrum" subSpecies="portulacastrum">Sesuvium portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Africa is presented in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution map of Sesuvium ayresii (stars) and S. portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum (circles, mapped only for Africa)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179517" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">14</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1166628" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.92.22205.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179517" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marais, Kew. Bull. 32 (2): 483" authorityYear="1978" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sesuvium ayresii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="ayresii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Sesuvium ayresii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(stars) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="subsp. portulacastrum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Molluginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="portulacastrum" subSpecies="portulacastrum">S. portulacastrum subsp. portulacastrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(circles, mapped only for Africa).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |