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<document id="C56EBB78495991B73B407CEE1936AAC3" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4183.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4183.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="850573e8-2328-4464-b32c-b293ea9a1d23" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="164330" ID-ZooBank="0E576DCD-49EB-47DD-9CF2-14F3941BA0B5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1478074410241" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rodrigues, Henrique Miranda &amp; Cancello, Eliana Marques" docDate="2016" docId="03826A4AFFB1FF9405B4F9B9776A1506" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4183.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4183 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stagmatoptera pumila Werner 1925" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FFBB1232FF9EFFA50523FF92721C1446" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Stagmatoptera Burmeister, 1838 (Mantodea: Mantidae, Stagmatopterinae)" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698391738417" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="9797A20012EB975EC1A230B9FAAE72FC">Taxonomic revision of Stagmatoptera Burmeister, 1838 (Mantodea: Mantidae, Stagmatopterinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F397B779E5F0D4EDEF91DE161AD14809">Rodrigues, Henrique Miranda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="602DCC323EC8E6668A1063ACE67E0EB7">Cancello, Eliana Marques</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="237B8DAA24ED46284741648505E06C57">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03826A4AFFB1FF9405B4F9B9776A1506" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6057596" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124561037" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6057596" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03826A4AFFB1FF9405B4F9B9776A1506" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03826A4AFFB1FF9405B4F9B9776A1506" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="C33188D7FFB1FF8A05B4F9B970861221" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFB1FF8A05B4F9B970531200" blockId="47.[151,666,1579,1639]" box="[151,591,1579,1606]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="D0DC6C30FFB1FF8A05B4F9B970531200" bold="true" box="[151,591,1579,1606]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFB1FF8A05B4F9B970531200" ID-CoL="8PK7G" authority="Werner, 1925" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,591,1579,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A05B4F9B970531200" bold="true" box="[151,591,1579,1606]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A05B4F9B973BD1203" bold="true" box="[151,417,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stagmatoptera pumila</emphasis>
Werner, 1925
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFB1FF8A05B4F9DC70861221" blockId="47.[151,666,1579,1639]" box="[151,666,1614,1639]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Male—Figures 32C, 34C, 36C, 38C, 40C, 53.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33188D7FFB1FF8A05B4F90470E4128D" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFB1FF8A05B4F90470E4128D" blockId="47.[151,1435,1686,1739]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFB1FF8A05B4F904703F12EA" ID-CoL="8PK7G" authority="Werner, 1925b" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,547,1686,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A05B4F904739C12EA" bold="true" box="[151,384,1686,1708]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stagmatoptera pumila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAA6ADFFB1FF8A04AAF905703F12EA" author="Werner" box="[393,547,1686,1708]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Werner, F. (1925 b) Zur Kenntnis amerikanischer Mantodeen (Orthoptera Oothecaria). Konowia, 4 (6), 382 - 391." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="b">Werner, 1925b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p.383 (descr.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAA6ADFFB1FF8A07ECF905715512EA" author="Terra" box="[719,841,1686,1708]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Terra, P. S. (1995) Revisao sistematica dos generos de louva-a-deus da regiao Neotropical (Mantodea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 39 (1), 13 - 94." type="journal article" year="1995">Terra, 1995</bibRefCitation>
, p.65 (cit.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAA6ADFFB1FF8A06EEF904767212EA" author="Ehrmann" box="[973,1134,1686,1708]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Mantodea - Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Natur und Tier Verlag, Munster, 519 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ehrmann, 2002</bibRefCitation>
, p.329 (cit.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAA6ADFFB1FF8A01DCF90472E0128D" author="Agudelo" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Agudelo, A. A., Lombardo, F. &amp; Jantsch, L. J. (2007) Checklist of the Neotropical mantids (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Mantodea). Biota Colombiana, 8 (2), 105 - 158." type="journal article" year="2007">
Agudelo
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A0043F905778A12EA" box="[1376,1430,1686,1708]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
, 2007
</bibRefCitation>
, p.125 (cit.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAA6ADFFB1FF8A04A0F9277098128D" author="Ehrmann" box="[387,644,1717,1739]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refString="Ehrmann, R. &amp; Kocak, A. O. (2009) The Neotropical mantids (Insecta: Dictyoptera: Mantodea) (Ehrmann- 30. v. 2009). CESA News, 49, 1 - 18." type="book chapter" year="2009">Ehrmann &amp; Koçak, 2009</bibRefCitation>
, p.12 (cit.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33188D7FFB1FF8A05B4F96573FE1372" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFB1FF8A05B4F96571131356" blockId="47.[151,1436,1783,2027]" box="[151,783,1783,1808]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A05B4F96573181356" bold="true" box="[151,260,1783,1808]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Holotype</emphasis>
: 1♂, no locality (
<figureCitation id="1310C7D9FFB1FF8A04E9F96570071356" box="[458,539,1783,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1545,1567]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,176,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[188,1398,171,1524]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 53. Stagmatoptera pumila, dorsal habitus and labels. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164382/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
) (NHRS) (examined)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFB1FF8A05E4F88973FE1372" blockId="47.[151,1436,1783,2027]" box="[199,482,1819,1844]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A05E4F88973791372" bold="true" box="[199,357,1819,1844]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type locality.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33188D7FFB1FF8A05E4F8AD7789131E" box="[199,1429,1855,1880]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFB1FF8A05E4F8AD7789131E" blockId="47.[151,1436,1783,2027]" box="[199,1429,1855,1880]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A05E4F8AD735D131E" bold="true" box="[199,321,1855,1880]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Forewings shorter than the hindwings during rest, both shorter than the abdomen, small body size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33188D7FFB1FF9505E4F8F1710313FE" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFB1FF9505E4F8F1715F15F4" blockId="47.[151,1436,1783,2027]" lastBlockId="48.[151,1437,151,434]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFB1FF8A05E4F8F173A6133A" bold="true" box="[199,442,1891,1916]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Redescription. Male</emphasis>
—Prothorax slender, lateral margins slightly crenulated on the prozona, smooth on the metazona. Metazona with a weakly marked central keel (
<figureCitation id="1310C7D9FFB1FF8A063BF815717013E6" box="[792,876,1927,1952]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1061,1083]" captionTargetBox="[235,1343,199,1021]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[234,1353,193,1039]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 34. Stagmatoptera spp., dorsal view of pronotum (male). A, Stagmatoptera pia; B, S. precaria; C, S. pumila; D, S. reimoseri; E, S. septentrionalis; F, S. supplicaria. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164363/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
C). Forecoxae with 9 large spines, which alternate with 410 smaller spines (
<figureCitation id="1310C7D9FFB1FF8A04EAF839703C1382" box="[457,544,1963,1988]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[205,1377,558,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[200,1387,555,1922]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 36. Stagmatoptera spp. anterior view of forecoxae (males). A, Stagmatoptera pia; B, S. precaria; C, S. pumila; D, S. reimoseri; E, S. septentrionalis; F, S. supplicaria. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164365/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
C). Forefemora slender, the first three discoidal spines black on their anterior surface; 15 anteroventral spines, the first two spines and the big spines black on their anterior surface, the 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th spines present a small spot of the same coloration on their insertion. Anterior femoral spot extending from the femoral groove to the 4th anteroventral spine, rectangular, starting dark on the femoral groove and fading towards the apex of the femora (
<figureCitation id="1310C7D9FFAEFF95072EFF77707D14B8" box="[525,609,229,254]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1751,1773]" captionTargetBox="[219,1370,502,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[212,1376,486,1729]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 38. Stagmatoptera spp., anterior view of forefemora (males). A, Stagmatoptera pia; B, S. precaria; C, S. pumila; D, S. reimoseri; E, S. septentrionalis; F, S. supplicaria. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164367/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
C). Foretibiae with 10 posteroventral spines and 14 anteroventral spines; tibial spur and the spine before it dark on their anterior surface (
<figureCitation id="1310C7D9FFAEFF95065CFE9B71C81564" box="[895,980,265,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1397,1419]" captionTargetBox="[200,1381,203,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[188,1398,193,1375]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 40. Stagmatoptera spp., anterior view of foretibiae (males). A, Stagmatoptera pia; B, S. precaria; C, S. pumila; D, S. reimoseri; E, S. septentrionalis; F, S. supplicaria. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164369/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
C). Foretarsi absent in the
<typeStatus id="549065FEFFAEFF950025FE98772A1564" box="[1286,1334,266,290]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
specicit. Discoidal area of the forewings with an opaque-green stripe anteriorly, gradually becoming hyaline. Spot on the stigma circular, medium sized, reaching the middle of the discoidal area, with an anterior white spot and a posterior brown spot. Discoidal area of the hindwings hyaline with yellow stripes on the crossveins, anal area hyaline with yellow stripes on the crossveins of the anterior half (
<figureCitation id="1310C7D9FFAEFF9507C1FE0B712A15F4" box="[738,822,409,434]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1545,1567]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,176,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[188,1398,171,1524]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 53. Stagmatoptera pumila, dorsal habitus and labels. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164382/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF548BD4FFAEFF9505B4F9457140134D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164367/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[219,1370,502,1717]" targetPageId="48">
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFAEFF9505B4F9457140134D" blockId="48.[151,1436,1751,1804]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF9505B4F945733C12AA" bold="true" box="[151,288,1751,1773]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 38.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF950405F94A73A612AB" box="[294,442,1752,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF950405F94A73A612AB" box="[294,442,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Stagmatoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., anterior view of forefemora (males). A,
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF9506B1F94A765112AB" box="[914,1101,1752,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pia">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF9506B1F94A765112AB" box="[914,1101,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Stagmatoptera pia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B,
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF95015AF94A76F512AB" box="[1145,1257,1752,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="precaria">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF95015AF94A769A12AB" box="[1145,1158,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF9501B0F94A76F512AB" box="[1171,1257,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">precaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; C,
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF950036F94A776912AB" box="[1301,1397,1751,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF950036F94A773E12AB" box="[1301,1314,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF95000CF945776912AB" box="[1327,1397,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; D,
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF9505B4F964730C134A" box="[151,272,1782,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reimoseri">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF9505B4F96472B8134D" box="[151,164,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF950593F965730C134A" box="[176,272,1783,1804]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">reimoseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; E,
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF950419F96473F5134D" box="[314,489,1781,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF950419F964735B134D" box="[314,327,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF950470F96773F5134D" box="[339,489,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; F,
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF95072CF9647080134D" box="[527,668,1781,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="supplicaria">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF95072CF9647000134D" box="[527,540,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF95070AF9677080134D" box="[553,668,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">supplicaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bar = 5mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFAEFF9505E4F8A6710313FE" blockId="48.[151,1437,1843,2012]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF9505E4F8A67375130D" box="[199,361,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Measurements</emphasis>
. Body length: 53.8; head width: 6.4; prozona length: 3.9; metazona length: 15.7; prothorax width: 3.9; forecoxae length: 10.7; forefemora length: 12.6; forefemora width: 2.4; foretibiae length: 6.3.
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF9505E4F8EE731313D5" box="[199,271,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ratios</emphasis>
. Head/prothoracic-width: 1.64; metazona/prozona: 4.03; metazona length/prothoracic width: 4.03; metazona/forecoxae: 1.47; forefemora length/width: 5.25.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33188D7FFAEFF9405E4F851776A1506" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFAEFF9505E4F8517781139A" blockId="48.[151,1437,1843,2012]" box="[199,1437,1987,2012]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF9505E4F8517327139A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1987,2012]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAEFF950466F856705D139A" box="[325,577,1987,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAEFF950466F856705D139A" box="[325,577,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Stagmatoptera pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described by Werner (1925), is known only from its unlabeled holotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B94DB5CFFAFFF9405B4FF05776A1506" blockId="49.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
This species differ from all other
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAFFF94072FFF0A70AC14E9" box="[524,688,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAFFF94072FFF0A70AC14E9" box="[524,688,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stagmatoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having both pairs of wings shorter than the abdomen and one of its raptorial legs is malformed. These characteristics make us question whether this specimen is really a separated species or merely an adult of another species with aberrant morphology. A careful study of its genitalia might solve the question, however, since we were not allowed to dissect the specimen, it is not possible to confirm its actual identity. Therefore, we prefer to maintain
<taxonomicName id="4C2BA0DFFFAFFF94074FFEBA70CA1506" box="[620,726,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Stagmatoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAFFF94074FFEBA70661579" box="[620,634,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95F074EFFAFFF9407ABFEB570CA1506" box="[648,726,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid species until additional studies can be conducted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>