182 lines
23 KiB
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182 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="9E5E09197A53EF8B958EB91BB48D0CBD" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4532981" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4532981" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612994740723" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Penz, Carla M." docDate="2008" docId="0F13312355072313FF4FDD14522679CB" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2008.0035.1-25.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2008 (35)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1.3:InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Eryphanis opimus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="F32A495B55082303FF8FDA5653137D50" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic Revision of Eryphanis Boisduval, with a Description of a New Species from Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698870476287" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="AE1302E5639E871B8FEA3C47660C4BE3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2DD384C7704526F4CD1699F3C256E40C">
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<mods:title id="4678B992E1DD7FC0943AB5610D275515">Phylogenetic Revision of Eryphanis Boisduval, with a Description of a New Species from Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="26123429BE5800A54FB6947881777A4B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="11CD7ABE0E7D1F3DC923C56F2D7C2989">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5CDC7BBEF739B6AE649C0173EDD5A25B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7B1601DCA8633BEAC2DBD7C72EFC21C4">Penz, Carla M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3A64D67E0BEB3D2E3BE582B9B7BA1FE4">Department of Biological Sciences University of New Orleans 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans, Louisiana, 70148, USA cpenz @ uno. edu</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C53D2805A9EC93066F1C121A9C9770EA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="4FC637C9A72E617B18F8290FC17F7F06" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="384D49A81CEF882C79B5A75CFC1E1751">
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<mods:title id="F3414D904A156865DBB8B8A1FE9BCFD0">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="51DCC1644720F898338CEE08AFC3E119">
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<mods:date id="921AD81CF771F4B0669B39637ACA6A37">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="2DB40905EBC69B258118DAD06E2779C9" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="8D3EC87FCB09CEDA06BC9447B647E395">2008-06-06</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9BA251A39FBBA6159547C0AF1E00DDEC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B58D16A519AD672842E33E67C41A9EAB">2008</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9788A3E66CCBB39C7DE4775C224BB3B5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BCE18007F71E2AEDB67E330BD7799F26">35</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="1893D96D41621E2DC6664924642053A9" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="30C8A00A3EC1061CDD89BD912D3E89A8">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6CB6005DE9904D8EB6384927A70C8A48">25</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="D3EC12FB7C2FAA21F679D43F7E72F958">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9549FA108E5CADAEEF73F2F9F5055BBD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4532981</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6B3694B0509872F15F0804F468E893EF" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="59E665E6F8754842731334A72EF65292" type="Zenodo-Dep">4532981</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="0F13312355072313FF4FDD14522679CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4533099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4533099" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F13312355072313FF4FDD14522679CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F13312355072313FF4FDD14522679CB" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="CFA0D3BE5507230CFF4FDD14506F7A0B" box="[192,892,1858,1883]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="870580355507230CFF4FDD14506F7A0B" blockId="15.[192,892,1858,1883]" box="[192,892,1858,1883]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="DC4D37595507230CFF4FDD14506F7A0B" bold="true" box="[192,892,1858,1883]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C275507230CFF4FDD14506F7A0B" bold="true" box="[192,892,1858,1883]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB65507230CFF4FDD1451A77A0B" ID-CoL="9BVFZ" authority="(Staudinger, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[192,692,1858,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opimus">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C275507230CFF4FDD1452A57A0B" bold="true" box="[192,438,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Eryphanis opimus</emphasis>
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(Staudinger, 1887)
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</taxonomicName>
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, status revised
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFA0D3BE5507230CFF4FDD3452657A2B" box="[192,374,1890,1915]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="870580355507230CFF4FDD3452657A2B" blockId="15.[192,374,1890,1915]" box="[192,374,1890,1915]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="DC4D37595507230CFF4FDD3452657A2B" bold="true" box="[192,374,1890,1915]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C275507230CFF4FDD3452657A2B" bold="true" box="[192,374,1890,1915]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1F819CB05507230CFF46DD34520D7A2B" box="[201,286,1890,1915]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[192,275,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[198,1437,201,1373]" captionTargetId="figure-132@3.[192,1443,195,1374]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Eryphanis adult males, dorsal side on the left, ventral side on the right. Scale bar next to A = 1cm. A) E. automedon, Colombia, Cali. B) E. lycomedon, Colombia, Cali. C) E. reevesii, Brazil, São Paulo, Pinhal. D) E. bubocula, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Rio San Lorenzo. E) E. aesacus, [Mexico], Catemaco. F) E. gerhardi, Bolivia. G) E. zolzivora, Bolivia. H) E. greeneyi, Ecuador, Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, HOLOTYPE. I) E. opimus, Colombia, Cali." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4532985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4532985/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1I</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1F819CB05507230CFEA5DD3552557A2B" box="[298,326,1891,1915]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[193,276,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[261,1378,190,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[257,1382,189,1721]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Eryphanis male genitalia in lateral view, with separate drawings of the phallus. Scale bar next to A = 1mm. Note that the phallus was not removed from the genitalic capsule, and the drawing angles are thus not homogeneous across species. A) E. automedon, Colombia, Cali. B) E. lycomedon, Colombia, Cali. C) E. reevesii, Brazil, São Paulo, Pinhal. D) E. bubocula, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Rio San Lorenzo. E) E. aesacus, Mexico, San Luis Potosi. F) E. gerhardi, Bolivia, Cochabamba. G) E. zolzivora, Bolivia, Cochabamba. H) E. greeneyi, Ecuador, near Baños, PARATYPE. I) E. opimus, Colombia, Cali." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4532989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4532989/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">4I</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1F819CB05507230CFEDEDD34527E7A2B" box="[337,365,1890,1915]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[194,277,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[259,1375,204,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[255,1383,201,1740]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Eryphanis male genitalia in ventral view, with separate drawings of the juxta and dorsal view of tegumen+uncus. Scale bar next to A = 1mm. A) E. automedon, Colombia, Cali. B) E. lycomedon, Colombia, Cali. C) E. reevesii, Brazil, São Paulo, Pinhal. D) E. bubocula, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Rio San Lorenzo. E) E. aesacus, Mexico, San Luis Potosi. F) E. gerhardi, Bolivia, Cochabamba. G) E. zolzivora, Bolivia, Cochabamba. H) E. greeneyi, Ecuador, near Baños, PARATYPE. I) E. opimus, Colombia, Cali." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4532991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4532991/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">5I</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFA0D3BE55182313FF4FDA9552EF7D8B" box="[192,508,195,219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8705803555182313FF4FDA9552EF7D8B" blockId="16.[192,508,195,219]" box="[192,508,195,219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<materialsCitation id="37D28A6855182313FF4FDA9552EB7D8B" box="[192,504,195,219]" country="Colombia" location="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FF4FDA9552697D8B" bold="true" box="[192,378,195,219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<typeStatus id="58013E9755182313FF4FDA9552167D8B" box="[192,261,195,219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="FFADC0A555182313FE0FDA9552EB7D8B" box="[384,504,195,219]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFA0D3BE55182313FF4FDB5551C37E0B" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8705803555182313FF4FDB55517F7CCB" blockId="16.[192,1441,259,411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FF4FDB5552557C4B" bold="true" box="[192,326,259,283]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Males and females reddish-brown with conspicuous FW orange submarginal line. Examined males are distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FDA8DB7251A67C6B" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[551,693,291,315]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FDA8DB7251A67C6B" box="[551,693,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FD61DB7250617C6B" authorityName="Penz and DeVries" authorityYear="2008" box="[750,882,292,315]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeneyi">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FD61DB7250617C6B" box="[750,882,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. greeneyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the thinner dorsal FW orange submarginal line, and the postmedial branch of this line that does not extend to the wing margin. The HW projection at Cu1 is intermediate in size: longer than
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FD48DB3250457C2B" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[711,854,355,379]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FD48DB3250457C2B" box="[711,854,355,379]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but smaller than
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FBB9DB3257A87C2B" authorityName="Penz and DeVries" authorityYear="2008" box="[1078,1211,356,379]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeneyi">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FBB9DB3257A87C2B" box="[1078,1211,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. greeneyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Thin lines always present ventrally in HW discal cell.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8705803555182313FF4FDB95514C7E6B" blockId="16.[192,1441,451,859]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FF4FDB9551617C8B" bold="true" box="[192,626,451,475]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Annotated redescription. Male.</emphasis>
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FW length
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<quantity id="40422DD055182313FC8BDB95504A7C8B" box="[772,857,451,475]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
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(n=1). Dorsal FW and HW with reddish-brown background and a faint pinkish iridescent sheen from submedial to postmedial areas of the FW, starting approximately at midlength of discal cell, and barely visible on HW. Dorsal FW with a well-defined, thin orange submarginal line, interrupted by small gaps below M3, and forming a V-shaped mark with the arms directed distally in cell M3. Submarginal branch of FW submarginal line starts in cell M2. Postmedial branch of submarginal line starts at cell M1. Dorsal FW and HW marginal outline well developed. HW projection at Cu1 present, extending beyond anal margin, but not as long or well defined as in
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FA0AD8D252367FEB" authorityName="Penz and DeVries" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeneyi">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FA0AD8D252367FEB" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. greeneyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Ventral FW and HW main color light brown. Ventral HW white postmedial transverse band well developed, continuous. Ventral HW with brown wavy lines across discal cell. Ventral HW eyespot in cell Sc+Rs outlined by a pale halo. Ventral HW eyespot in cell Cu1 large (smaller than
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FB6FD8B256637FAB" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[1248,1392,739,763]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FB6FD8B256637FAB" box="[1248,1392,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but larger than
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FEDDD95252CA7E4B" authorityName="Penz and DeVries" authorityYear="2008" box="[338,473,772,795]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeneyi">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FEDDD95252CA7E4B" box="[338,473,772,795]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. greeneyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) expanding to cell Cu2. Uncus humped, valva narrow, phallus prong displaced anteriorly from the distal opening.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8705803555182313FF7FD91551C37E0B" blockId="16.[192,1441,451,859]" box="[240,720,835,859]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FF7FD915524F7E0B" bold="true" box="[240,348,835,859]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Female.</emphasis>
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Not available for examination.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFA0D3BE55182313FF4FD9D5522679CB" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8705803555182313FF4FD9D551717EEB" blockId="16.[192,1440,899,955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FF4FD9D5527E7ECB" bold="true" box="[192,365,899,923]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Distribution</emphasis>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="FFADC0A555182313FEF4D9D552E37ECB" box="[379,496,899,923]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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(see comments on
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FD5BD9D250777ECB" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[724,868,899,923]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FD5BD9D250777ECB" box="[724,868,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="E32BFDC455182313FC06D9D557737ECB" author="Fruhstorfer, H." box="[905,1120,899,923]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="285 - 332" refId="ref12225" refString="Fruhstorfer, H. 1912. Family: Brassolidae, p 285 - 332. In: A. Seitz (ed.). Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde, Volume 5. Alfred Kernen; Stuttgart. 1024 p." type="book chapter" year="1912">Frühstorfer 1912</bibRefCitation>
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, Appendix 1), occurring in Cali at an elevation of ca.
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<quantity id="40422DD055182313FE75D9F5514D7EEB" box="[506,606,931,955]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="1.0">1,000 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8705803555182313FF4FD9B5522679CB" blockId="16.[192,1440,995,1179]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FF4FD9B552907EAB" bold="true" box="[192,387,995,1019]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Species status.</emphasis>
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Morphological differences between the Colombian
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FC5AD9B257587EAB" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[981,1099,996,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opimus">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FC5AD9B257587EAB" box="[981,1099,996,1019]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. opimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the Bolivian
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FA99D9B256B37EAB" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[1302,1440,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FA99D9B256B37EAB" box="[1302,1440,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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warrant species status. Male
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FD90DE52518B794B" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[543,664,1028,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opimus">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FD90DE52518B794B" box="[543,664,1028,1051]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. opimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differ from
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FCACDE5250A3794B" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[803,944,1027,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FCACDE5250A3794B" box="[803,944,1027,1051]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in wing color and shape (compare
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<figureCitation id="1F819CB055182313FAC7DE555213796B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[192,275,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[198,1437,201,1373]" captionTargetId="figure-132@3.[192,1443,195,1374]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Eryphanis adult males, dorsal side on the left, ventral side on the right. Scale bar next to A = 1cm. A) E. automedon, Colombia, Cali. B) E. lycomedon, Colombia, Cali. C) E. reevesii, Brazil, São Paulo, Pinhal. D) E. bubocula, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Rio San Lorenzo. E) E. aesacus, [Mexico], Catemaco. F) E. gerhardi, Bolivia. G) E. zolzivora, Bolivia. H) E. greeneyi, Ecuador, Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, HOLOTYPE. I) E. opimus, Colombia, Cali." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4532985" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4532985/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 1G and I</figureCitation>
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, see diagnoses). Furthermore, there are significant differences in male genitalia. The male valva is narrow in
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FEB1DE1252AA790B" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[318,441,1092,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opimus">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FEB1DE1252AA790B" box="[318,441,1092,1115]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. opimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but in
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FD9BDE1251B7790B" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[532,676,1091,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FD9BDE1251B7790B" box="[532,676,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it bears a large and distinctive subterminal swelling (compare
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<figureCitation id="1F819CB055182313FF4FDE355275792B" box="[192,358,1123,1147]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[193,276,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[261,1378,190,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[257,1382,189,1721]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Eryphanis male genitalia in lateral view, with separate drawings of the phallus. Scale bar next to A = 1mm. Note that the phallus was not removed from the genitalic capsule, and the drawing angles are thus not homogeneous across species. A) E. automedon, Colombia, Cali. B) E. lycomedon, Colombia, Cali. C) E. reevesii, Brazil, São Paulo, Pinhal. D) E. bubocula, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Rio San Lorenzo. E) E. aesacus, Mexico, San Luis Potosi. F) E. gerhardi, Bolivia, Cochabamba. G) E. zolzivora, Bolivia, Cochabamba. H) E. greeneyi, Ecuador, near Baños, PARATYPE. I) E. opimus, Colombia, Cali." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4532989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4532989/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4G and I</figureCitation>
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). This evidence supports the revised status for
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FC3CDE325723792B" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[947,1072,1124,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opimus">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FC3CDE325723792B" box="[947,1072,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. opimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a separate species from
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<taxonomicName id="40BAFBB655182313FA0ADE32523D79CB" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eryphanis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zolzivora">
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<emphasis id="B5CE5C2755182313FA0ADE32523D79CB" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E. zolzivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |