195 lines
27 KiB
XML
195 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="C26BE6BA6E7DC7BFE1E69BFC115E5473" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4650779" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4650779" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617194601297" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kostopoulos, Dimitris S." docDate="2005" docId="9636CE11B475FFA9FD11D988FE23F97E" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.27.4.747-791.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 27 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:94524207C6714CF92F879FE43E306202.3:Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="94524207C6714CF92F879FE43E306202" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Gazella capricornis" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="751" masterDocId="6A0FB669B474FFADFFCADD44FF88FFDB" masterDocTitle="The Bovidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="791" masterPageNumber="747" pageNumber="748" updateTime="1698897313800" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="C8192CB2707EC75C40F460B909483B5E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="155DCB516D782360FCFF6B5D7EC64BEA">
|
||
<mods:title id="D48358620CBD999C2DD5EA4F554403A9">The Bovidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="0959E361620CBF80634AF1C22EF9BC0D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BF471052A10660C1309835531FB8423C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="AF2F9114B54AE4C23317B806E1C637C5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E11431864B5ABDED0F146910807E1E46">Kostopoulos, Dimitris S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="84E830F07FA1763BC88E4DF169BC4498">University of Thessaloniki, Museum of the Geological Department, 54124 Thessaloniki (Greece) dkostop @ geo. auth. gr</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="9CF7B179FA2C4480F1268CEA3C42681C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="1BC69CB1B6FA36595F8964C67698C120" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="C6617A671BFBE2BB8821E17B5F1C5D97">
|
||
<mods:title id="837B5D4E4715498919DBE7301B44218B">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="BECD3742AFC7FCAD3538FF94F13E80F9">
|
||
<mods:date id="2F959D17514DEFA06F162F9F1C760B1F">2005</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A02D40489353525AD3D2FE2A72B62B4C" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="4C182B0010A0AD0C4AB7BDFA54D717C3">27</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="08FB193B2C3E0A2F0CDA201B0B44C351" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="B657200C1F145CC25DD40DBDBBC4CA8A">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="5F0C3240C8F078B85801CAE09B44C1EA" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="0EF2F7E21971E3FC69316D7FDBA2FE3F">747</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="9E0ADC64565C7E930FF1C71E1AAAED10">791</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="9A182D77DE4580AC84D5F8D1C4C656FE">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="06AEA2BD479395B43E780C22F3167243" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4650779</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E2F2ACF1E54BEBBFAA091589C9F07FC9" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="43A57937CC2EE6DD05A5973741FAC988" type="Zenodo-Dep">4650779</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="9636CE11B475FFA9FD11D988FE23F97E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9636CE11B475FFA9FD11D988FE23F97E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9636CE11B475FFA9FD11D988FE23F97E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="751" pageId="1" pageNumber="748">
|
||
<subSubSection id="56852C8CB475FFACFD11D988FB0AFB3E" box="[731,1154,1228,1253]" pageId="1" pageNumber="748" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B475FFACFD11D988FB0AFB3E" blockId="1.[731,1154,1228,1253]" box="[731,1154,1228,1253]" pageId="1" pageNumber="748">
|
||
<heading id="4568C86BB475FFACFD11D988FB0AFB3E" box="[731,1154,1228,1253]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="748" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D99F0484B475FFACFD11D988FB0AFB3E" ID-CoL="3H62" authority="(Wagner, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[731,1154,1228,1253]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Gazella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="1" pageNumber="748" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B475FFACFD11D988FCA6FB3E" bold="true" box="[731,814,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="748">Gazella</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B475FFACFC9DD988FC46FB3E" bold="true" box="[855,974,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="748">capricornis</emphasis>
|
||
(Wagner, 1848)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="56852C8CB475FFAFFD6ED849FE6EF9DA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="749" pageId="1" pageNumber="748" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B475FFAFFD6ED849FEE8FA94" blockId="1.[676,1209,1293,1696]" lastBlockId="2.[113,646,1286,1537]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="749" pageId="1" pageNumber="748">MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Part of skull: AK5-598, AKB- 29, AK2-443; frontlets: AK2-72B, AK2-68, AK2-444, AK4-78, AK5-600, AK5-602, AK5-599, AK6-293, AK12-72; isolated horn-cores: AK2-72Asin, AK2- 153dex, AK2-154dex, AK2-44Bsin, AK2-447dex, AK2-446, AK2-449, AK2-450dex, AK2-455sin, AK2- 66dex, AK2-67sin, AK2-71sin, AK2-76dex, AK3- 120sin, AK3-71sin, AK3-193dex, AK4-74, AK4-79, AK5-190dex, AK5-603sin, AK5-640dex, AK6-65sin, AK6-66sin, AK6-67dex, AK7-163dex, AK7-30dex, AK11-60, AK11-76, AK13-24dex, AK14-15, AKK- 193sin, AKK-76, AKK-98, GOK-188, GOK-189; upper toothrows: AK6-82sin, AK6-224dex, AK6- 157sin, AK7-32dex, AK3-169dex, AK12-73sin, AK12- 74dex, AK12-76dex, AK13-25dex; lower toothrows: AK2-65sin, AK3-77sin, AK3-189sin and dex, AK3- 301dex, AK4-89dex, AK12-83sin, AK5-205sin, AK5- 206sin, AK5-262dex, AK5-257sin, AK6-73sin, AKB- 72, AKB-93, GOK-211.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4AE02F8FB476FFAFFD6EDECFFCA6FC1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650783" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4650783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650783/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="749" startId="2.[676,687,907,924]" targetBox="[676,1206,203,881]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B476FFAFFD6EDECFFCA6FC1D" blockId="2.[676,1209,907,966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">
|
||
FIG. 2. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D99F0484B476FFAFFD3EDECFFBA4FC47" authority="(Wagner, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[756,1068,907,924]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Gazella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="2" pageNumber="749" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFD3EDECFFCB8FC47" box="[756,816,907,924]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">Gazella</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFC84DECFFC22FC47" box="[846,938,907,924]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">capricornis</emphasis>
|
||
(Wagner, 1848)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Akkaşdağı;
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFD6EDEE4FD39FC6A" bold="true" box="[676,689,928,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">A</emphasis>
|
||
, skull AK2-443, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFC65DEE4FC34FC6A" bold="true" box="[943,956,928,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">B</emphasis>
|
||
, skull AK5-598, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="4AE02F8FB476FFAFFFBBD9E6FDFDFB12" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650785" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4650785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650785/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="749" startId="2.[113,124,1186,1203]" targetBox="[113,643,203,1163]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B476FFAFFFBBD9E6FDFDFB12" blockId="2.[113,646,1186,1225]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">
|
||
FIG. 1. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D99F0484B476FFAFFF0AD9E6FE71FB68" authority="(Wagner, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[192,505,1186,1203]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Gazella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="2" pageNumber="749" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFF0AD9E6FF74FB68" box="[192,252,1186,1203]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">Gazella</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFED1D9E6FEFFFB68" box="[283,375,1186,1203]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">capricornis</emphasis>
|
||
(Wagner, 1848)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Akkaşdağı, skull AKB-29;
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFF22D9FCFF7DFB12" bold="true" box="[232,245,1208,1225]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">A</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFEACD9FCFEFBFB12" bold="true" box="[358,371,1208,1225]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">B</emphasis>
|
||
, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B476FFAFFFBBD816FE6EF9DA" blockId="2.[113,646,1286,1537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">Tentatively attributed: distal part of humerus: AK3- 191, AK4-82, AK5-46; proximal part of radius: AK3- 192, AK7-174; metacarpals III+IV: AK6-309, AK4-205 (young); astragals: AK4-84, AK4-83, AKK- 198, AK7-177; calcaneum: AK3-74; proximal part of metatarsals III+IV: AK4-122, AK7-106; phalanx I: AK6-84, AK11-4, AK3-195, AK4-87.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="56852C8CB476FFA9FFBBDB68FE23F97E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="751" pageId="2" pageNumber="749" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B476FFAFFFBBDB68FE8AF99F" blockId="2.[113,646,1580,1701]" box="[113,258,1580,1605]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B476FFAFFFBBDB08FF2EF9BE" blockId="2.[113,646,1580,1701]" box="[113,166,1612,1637]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B476FFAFFFBBDB08FF2EF9BE" box="[113,166,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">Skull</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B476FFAFFFBBDB28FD0EF97E" blockId="2.[113,646,1580,1701]" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">The description of the skull morphology is based on the specimens AKB-29, AK5-598 and AK2-443</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B476FFAEFD6ED948FF22FA1E" blockId="2.[676,1210,1036,1701]" lastBlockId="3.[113,646,1100,1477]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="750" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">
|
||
(Appendix:
|
||
<tableCitation id="531D4ABCB476FFAFFCEAD948FCE7FBFE" box="[800,879,1036,1061]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="39.[113,124,294,311]" captionText="TABLE 1. — Skull measurements (in mm) of Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı. Abbreviations: DAP, anteroposterior diameter; DT, transverse diameter." pageId="2" pageNumber="749">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). In lateral profile the braincase is slightly convex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B476FFAFFCBCD968FC41FB9E" box="[886,969,1068,1093]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[113,124,1186,1203]" captionTargetBox="[113,643,203,1163]" captionTargetId="figure-1041@2.[113,643,203,1164]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı, skull AKB-29; A, lateral view; B, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650785/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The interparietal is large. The face bends on the cranial roof at an angle of about 140° (AK5-598). The frontals form two shallow depressions at the postero-medial side of the pedicles. The frontoparietal and interfrontal sutures are open and the latter one appears slightly constricted between the horn-cores. The pedicles are relatively high. The supraorbital foramens are placed into triangular pits. The postcornual groove is elongated and usually deep. The orbit is large and rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B476FFAFFCC7D828FCD3FA5E" box="[781,859,1388,1413]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[676,687,907,924]" captionTargetBox="[676,1206,203,881]" captionTargetId="figure-1043@2.[676,1206,203,881]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 2. — Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı; A, skull AK2-443, lateral view; B, skull AK5-598, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650783/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="749">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Its anterior end is placed above the anterior lobe of M3. The lacrymal fossa is shallow and wide. The infraorbital foramen opens above the limit P2-P3. The palate is deep. The choane opens behind M3 and the median indent behind the lateral one. The angle basioccipitalocciput is 82° (AKB-29). The occiput is low and pentagonal shaped with strong nuchal crest. The occipital foramen is large comparatively to the condyles. The elongated and narrow paroccipital processes are curved medially. The auditory bulla is large (length
|
||
<quantity id="D967D2E2B477FFAEFECCD928FEDFFB5E" box="[262,343,1132,1157]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="750" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
in AKB-29 and
|
||
<quantity id="D967D2E2B477FFAEFDDFD928FDEEFB5E" box="[533,614,1132,1157]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="750" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
in AK5-598) and its posterior end is placed slightly behind the posterior tuberosities. The general shape of the basioccipital is trapezoid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B477FFAEFE37D988FDC4FB3E" box="[509,588,1228,1253]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[113,124,1186,1203]" captionTargetBox="[113,643,203,1163]" captionTargetId="figure-1041@2.[113,643,203,1164]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı, skull AKB-29; A, lateral view; B, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650785/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B477FFAEFD92D988FDFFFB3E" box="[600,631,1228,1253]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[676,687,907,924]" captionTargetBox="[676,1206,203,881]" captionTargetId="figure-1043@2.[676,1206,203,881]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 2. — Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı; A, skull AK2-443, lateral view; B, skull AK5-598, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650783/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The posterior tuberosities are large, crest-like and vertical to the sagittal plane. The anterior tuberosities are smaller, sub-rounded and bulbous with their greater axis parallel to the sagital plane. A wide furrow is formed between them. The oval foramen is large, opening just in front of the anterior tuberosities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4AE02F8FB477FFAEFFB3DEB0FB3BFBDE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650789" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4650789" box="[121,1203,1012,1029]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="750" startId="3.[121,132,1012,1029]" targetBox="[113,1202,203,982]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B477FFAEFFB3DEB0FB3BFBDE" blockId="3.[121,1203,1012,1029]" box="[121,1203,1012,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">
|
||
FIG. 3. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D99F0484B477FFAEFF02DEB0FD8AFBDE" authority="(Wagner, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[200,514,1012,1029]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Gazella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="750" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capricornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B477FFAEFF02DEB0FE8CFBDE" box="[200,260,1012,1029]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">Gazella</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B477FFAEFEEEDEB0FE08FBDE" box="[292,384,1012,1029]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">capricornis</emphasis>
|
||
(Wagner, 1848)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Akkaşdağı, frontlet AK12-72;
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B477FFAEFCE3DEB0FCBEFBDE" bold="true" box="[809,822,1012,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">A</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B477FFAEFC62DEB0FC3DFBDE" bold="true" box="[936,949,1012,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">B</emphasis>
|
||
, frontal view. Scale bar: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B477FFAEFFBBD8A8FF6AF9DE" blockId="3.[113,646,1516,1701]" box="[113,226,1516,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B477FFAEFFBBD8A8FF6AF9DE" box="[113,226,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">Horn-cores</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B477FFAEFFBBDB48FC59F9FE" blockId="3.[113,646,1516,1701]" lastBlockId="3.[676,1209,1100,1701]" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">
|
||
The horn-cores are relatively short and robust, inserted just above the orbits, moderately tilted (≈ 75° with the cranial roof) and smoothly curved backwards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B477FFAEFED4DB28FEF8F95E" box="[286,368,1644,1669]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[113,124,1186,1203]" captionTargetBox="[113,643,203,1163]" captionTargetId="figure-1041@2.[113,643,203,1164]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı, skull AKB-29; A, lateral view; B, ventral view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650785/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B477FFAEFEB4DB28FE15F95E" box="[382,413,1644,1669]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[121,132,1012,1029]" captionTargetBox="[113,1202,203,982]" captionTargetId="figure-1166@3.[113,1202,203,983]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 3. — Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı, frontlet AK12-72; A, lateral view; B, frontal view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
); the curvature index (“Length along the anterior face of the horn-core against height of its posterior face × 100”) varies between 116 and 136 (n = 7). The lateral face of the horn-cores is flat and the internal one slightly convex. They are widely separated on the frontals (internal distance at the base between 22.3 and 28.0 mm;
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B477FFAEFCEBD9A8FCF0FADE" box="[801,888,1260,1285]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[121,132,1012,1029]" captionTargetBox="[113,1202,203,982]" captionTargetId="figure-1166@3.[113,1202,203,983]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 3. — Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı, frontlet AK12-72; A, lateral view; B, frontal view. Scale bar: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Their average divergence angle is about 25° (22-27°) but the degree of divergence increases from the base (almost parallel) to the top (strongly directed laterally). The cross section passes from elliptical at the base to round towards the tips (Appendix:
|
||
<tableCitation id="531D4ABCB477FFAEFBE8D8C8FBFEFA7E" box="[1058,1142,1420,1445]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="39.[113,124,940,957]" captionText="TABLE 2. — Horn-core measurements (in mm) of Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı. Abbreviations: 7, at 7 cm from the base; b, base; d, dex; DAP, anteroposterior diameter; DT, transverse diameter; s, sin." pageId="3" pageNumber="750">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The anterior and posterior surfaces of the horn-cores bear one to three deep longitudinal grooves. One of them, placed in a posterocentral position, seems to be the most stable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B477FFA9FD6EDB68FD97FCBE" blockId="3.[676,1209,1100,1701]" lastBlockId="4.[113,646,204,869]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="751" pageId="3" pageNumber="750">
|
||
Although the horn-core general morphology follows the above-mentioned characters, their development varies considerably, affected mainly by ontogenetic growth. The mean length of young adults and adults is
|
||
<quantity id="D967D2E2B470FFA9FE84DD88FE4AFF3E" box="[334,450,204,229]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.174" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" unit="mm" value="117.4">117.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 18), varying between 105 and
|
||
<quantity id="D967D2E2B470FFA9FE8BDDA8FE2BFEDE" box="[321,419,236,261]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Young individuals present shorter horn-cores (
|
||
<quantity id="D967D2E2B470FFA9FE7EDC48FDB6FEFE" box="[436,574,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" unit="mm" value="95.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="90.0">90-100 mm</quantity>
|
||
). The mean index DT × 100/DAP is 80.76 at the base and 85.94 at
|
||
<quantity id="D967D2E2B470FFA9FEC4DC08FECFFEBE" box="[270,327,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
|
||
from the base, indicating a reduction of the mediolateral compression from the base to the top. Excluding young individuals these values slightly decrease (80.41 and 85.68 respectively). DAP
|
||
<subScript id="821B7D42B470FFA9FEF0DC9EFECCFE36" attach="left" box="[314,324,474,493]" fontSize="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">b</subScript>
|
||
presents a negative allometry in relation to DT
|
||
<subScript id="821B7D42B470FFA9FEF9DCBEFEB5FDD6" attach="left" box="[307,317,506,525]" fontSize="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">b</subScript>
|
||
(a = 0.85), which means that the transverse diameter increases more rapidly that the anteroposterior one. This is mainly true for adult individuals (a = 0.6) while the relation is rather isometric in the young ones (a = 1.05). On the contrary, at
|
||
<quantity id="D967D2E2B470FFA9FED0DFC8FED8FD7E" box="[282,336,652,677]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
|
||
from the base, the regression presents a plasmatic isometry (a = 1.03) for the total sample, being always negative for the adults (a = 0.78) but strongly positive for the youngs (a = 1.27). In other words it seems that the anteroposterior diameter increases more rapidly in the immature individuals than in the adults.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B470FFA9FFBBDEC8FF5EFC7E" blockId="4.[113,647,908,1541]" box="[113,214,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B470FFA9FFBBDEC8FF5EFC7E" box="[113,214,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">Dentition</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B470FFA9FFBBDEE8FDB5FB3E" blockId="4.[113,647,908,1541]" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">
|
||
The skull specimens AK5-598 and AK2-443 preserve their upper dentition, helping the determination of isolated toothrows (Appendix:
|
||
<tableCitation id="531D4ABCB470FFA9FFBBD948FF45FBFE" box="[113,205,1036,1061]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="40.[113,124,867,884]" captionText="TABLE 3. — Upper toothrow measurements (in mm) of Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı. Abbreviations: d, dex; L, length; s, sin; W, width." pageId="4" pageNumber="751">Tables 3</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="531D4ABCB470FFA9FF10D948FF63FBFE" box="[218,235,1036,1061]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1276,1293]" captionText="TABLE 4. — Lower toothrow measurements (in mm) of Gazella cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848) from Akkaşdağı. Abbreviations: d, dex; L, length; s, sin; W, width." pageId="4" pageNumber="751">4</tableCitation>
|
||
). The premolar row is short comparatively to the molars; the premolar/molar ratio varies between 67.7 and 74.6 for the upper toothrow and 55.2 and 56.4 for the lower one. P2, 3 are slightly bilobed and asymmetrical. There is no basal pillar on the upper molars; their paracone is strong and the metastyle weak.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4AE02F8FB470FFA9FD6ED973FBA1FB86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4650791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650791/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" startId="4.[676,687,1079,1096]" targetBox="[676,1205,203,1057]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B470FFA9FD6ED973FBA1FB86" blockId="4.[676,1209,1079,1117]" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">
|
||
FIG. 4. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D99F0484B470FFA9FD37D973FB97FB93" authority="Bohlin, 1935" authorityName="Bohlin" authorityYear="1935" box="[765,1055,1079,1096]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Gazella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pilgrimi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B470FFA9FD37D973FCB5FB93" box="[765,829,1079,1096]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">Gazella</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B470FFA9FCA2D973FC21FB93" box="[872,937,1079,1096]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">pilgrimi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A0E02F6B470FFA9FC7AD973FB97FB93" author="BOHLIN B." box="[944,1055,1079,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref21548" refString="BOHLIN B. 1935. - Kritische Bemerkungen uber die Gattung Tragocerus. Upsaliensis (4) 9 (10): 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1935">Bohlin, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Akkaşdağı, frontlet AK5-601, lateral view. Scale bar: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B470FFA9FFBBD9A8FE2FF9DE" blockId="4.[113,647,908,1541]" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">
|
||
The paraconid and the parastylid are independent in the upper half of the lower third premolar crown. The metaconid directs backward and fuses with the entoconid. p4 is similar with p3 but the metaconid, entoconid and entostylid fuse together more rapidly. m1 and m2 bear a small basal pillar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86A46382B470FFA9FF3DD8E8FEC0FA1E" box="[247,328,1452,1477]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,783,800]" captionTargetBox="[113,642,203,757]" captionTargetId="figure-2290@5.[113,642,203,759]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 5. — Gazella from Akkaşdağı, mandibles, labial view; A, G. aff. pilgrimi Bohlin, 1935, AK5-256; B, G. cf. capricornis (Wagner, 1848), AK3-189. Scale bar: 4 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4650797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4650797/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). m3 has a strong parastylid. The talonid of m3 has flat lingual face and bears a strong postero-lingual stylid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B470FFA9FFBBDB68FF63F99E" blockId="4.[113,646,1580,1701]" box="[113,235,1580,1605]" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B470FFA9FFBBDB68FF63F99E" box="[113,235,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">Postcranials</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E207F07B470FFA9FFBBDB08FE23F97E" blockId="4.[113,646,1580,1701]" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">
|
||
Although the available postcranials attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D99F0484B470FFA9FFBBDB28FF48F95E" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[113,192,1644,1669]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Gazella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="751" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEBA315B470FFA9FFBBDB28FF48F95E" box="[113,192,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="751">Gazella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are quite numerous, there is no way to be distinguished at species level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |