162 lines
17 KiB
XML
162 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="50D5D8B907E4BE76493877C57DC9715F" ID-CLB-Dataset="29221" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26480" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b0b8caba-aa6e-4a7b-aa2a-f2dce47a0c2c" ID-PMC="PMC6189219" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-788-167" ID-PubMed="30337828" ID-ZooBank="66FDB440E3EB455EB1F0EF6CF86E60BA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-788-167" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 788" ModsDocTitle="A revision of Admetovis Grote, with the description of a new species from western North America (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini)" checkinTime="1539050144519" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crabo, Lars G. & Schmidt, B. Christian" docDate="2018" docId="1E7A05711B2743676BBED53622981A9A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 788: 167-181" docOrigin="ZooKeys 788" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26480" docTitle="Admetovis oxymorus Grote 1873" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="178" masterDocId="FFE119434E62FFFAE06D3811FFBE222A" masterDocTitle="A revision of Admetovis Grote, with the description of a new species from western North America (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini)" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="175" updateTime="1701374247984" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D8861E202A98B47248394C686C4C3D73">A revision of Admetovis Grote, with the description of a new species from western North America (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9792EC916ECBEF39B1DF0E02F02635EC">Crabo, Lars G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0774F85507C67D427A85F3D232F0E63">Schmidt, B. Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="39B996AE3BE56CD013D3E81D7686E7AA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1A6473E8F842F7707992C7D6BF78CADA">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4804B2E5EAD95D5D947801773EA21A00">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FD27F64A3CB31F425CF267DE3FE9807D">788</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="08FF58F6115832B2728585281335FD4C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DFB22AD5ED862D63BA6A8575590CCC46" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26480</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1E7A05711B2743676BBED53622981A9A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148657035" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E7A05711B2743676BBED53622981A9A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E7A05711B2743676BBED53622981A9A" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">
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<subSubSection id="6B7DE4617946379E2108C3334CCCD987" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B8047B3787CE069A06DC64D18CDED498" pageId="8" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName id="7CF2160EAD9533E3B96E119B949693CC" ID-CoL="64SX7" authority="Grote, 1873" authorityName="Grote" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">Admetovis oxymorus Grote, 1873</taxonomicName>
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Figs 3, 4, 9, 10, 14, 16
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0004F5440C6FF29786FCE906D452E6B7" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6934B8348EA01E17A2C4BB4991ACCC8D" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
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<taxonomicName id="A754B68ECD662B75B15CB5A8D67D4F5F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">
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<pageBreakToken id="FBA245D3AD4F2E4018B107C83BD3C8C1" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" start="start">Admetovis</pageBreakToken>
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oxymorus
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</taxonomicName>
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Grote, 1873: 133.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0318720B92E598E472FD42EC4DF56B4C" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="1092F8B7616340C4C17F4AC3A9B2C026" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E3B61E1B53E8C67433E87F98E57D2013" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
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<taxonomicName id="7DD1F4D69F0DA58A48EF42ACCAE0E9FF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">Admetovis oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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was described from two syntypes, one each from Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountains (
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<bibRefCitation id="44EFFA925F4BDBE0352A9591EA7C5AA3" author="Grote, AR" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" pagination="129 - 155" title="Descriptions of Noctuidae principally from California." volume="1" year="1873">Grote 1873</bibRefCitation>
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), with an illustration of the California type on plate 4, figure 5. The depicted California female is clearly identifiable as the species that is widespread along the West Coast, an important distinction since based on current known distributions the other type specimen from the Rocky Mountains is most likely
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<taxonomicName id="B9A16D33D971D695C42F298E2FC4875F" lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2D991BFAC1BD115748601C848B507B0" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
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We found neither type specimen in major collections known to contain Grote type specimens, including AMNH and NHML, and both specimens are most likely lost. This conclusion is supported by the fact that
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<bibRefCitation id="E15640B45C20FE2A32C8AE13DA5ECCC2" author="Poole, RW" journalOrPublisher="EJ Brill, New York" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" title="Lepidopterorum Catalogus (New Series). Fascicle 118 Noctuidae, Parts 1 - 3." year="1989">Poole (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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, in the Lepidopterorum Catalogus series, appears to not have examined the syntypes or known their whereabouts. He lists the type material noncommittally as
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<normalizedToken id="A5C56D23776FD15775228BEAFEA63B38" originalValue="“Type(s)”">"Type(s)"</normalizedToken>
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and cites " AMNH London [sic]" as the repository collection. In order to fix the identity of the name, we hereby designate a female specimen in the CNC labeled "CA, Sierra Co., 2 mi. E. Bassetts, 5300' [1615 m], Hwy. 49, SNFC-SF State U., 4-7.Jul.2007, P. A. and E. Opler" as Neotype with a red label designating it as such.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80DD60F244B1F526F1115AB6661C7A15" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F3769259DB596C8831799FAE4884559D" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C922677B79D2D1CA3ED5AA8930070708" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
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This species and
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<taxonomicName id="06D8C30804995CEEA7362CD7A49E02FC" lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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have dorsal hindwings with gray or tan ground color and are distinguished easily from
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<taxonomicName id="9CD7A02F8FF89A1C0EF59F9A8F8FF849" lsidName="A. similaris" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" rank="species" species="similaris">A. similaris</taxonomicName>
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that has a pure white hindwing with white or thin gray veins.
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<taxonomicName id="835D45A5C62F1FCFA3994B7381E83877" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">Admetovis oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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is best distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="2DED1FE6962B0C859204D0710436C17A" lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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by the shape of the hindwing. The margin between veins M1 and M3 is slightly concave in
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<taxonomicName id="EFF4C9FA8A01653FFEE9D294785CEAAF" lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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but straight in
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<taxonomicName id="C1C8C4FD57DDC809D39AF0CAA13610CE" lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="64B5F6DF2F3CA5013861B5B29CFEA2C9" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="9" pageNumber="176">
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<taxonomicName id="D4D562CA14728D92F4014C15790A3787" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">Admetovis oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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is the only species in the genus with fully developed male coremata; the coremata of the others are either vestigial or absent completely. The cucullus of the male valve of
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<taxonomicName id="215A3D3AC572313C0CDE84CFF8DA8156" lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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is broadest in the genus, more than 2
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<normalizedToken id="531C059FAAFD955823B254FBFE5C829F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width
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<pageBreakToken id="C08C9551B154BD58E18E644E7B78B91F" pageId="10" pageNumber="177" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
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the adjacent neck versus less than 2
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<normalizedToken id="07168B1852339DDCB7C204E8A1238C77" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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in the other species. The relative sizes can be observed by brushing the scales from the end of the abdomen. Females of
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<taxonomicName id="87D3DCF5ACD73BD24BBC4B20EA5CB3ED" lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="10" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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have a bulbous anterior corpus bursae bearing three signa. Those of the other species
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<pageBreakToken id="2B6E21C28F7EA4134B5BE4D4F39B90D7" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" start="start">either</pageBreakToken>
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have four signa (
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<taxonomicName id="4E228051F24A37AD707BB89F22813336" lsidName="A. similaris" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="similaris">A. similaris</taxonomicName>
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) or a smaller anterior bursa (
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<taxonomicName id="3AFFA6E6C77C532701D27DFFDDB1A9FF" lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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) as quantified in the Key to species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="110675A7F2BDAE695799920410F5F239" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
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The barcode of
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<taxonomicName id="006DF330497442C47287E4532D44D23A" lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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(BOLD:AAD7455) differs from those of the other
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<taxonomicName id="FE788711CB4DAA59348A14C8E0FB762F" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Admetovis</taxonomicName>
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species by slightly more than 3.5 %. Intraspecies variation within
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<taxonomicName id="1382AE7D68978A396C52F36DB2F46F19" lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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is approximately 0.2 % (n = 7; British Columbia, California, Oregon).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ED151B7EBAE9ADF80FC1AB89E1D9B120" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="5D2492B67CF498B290B9AB6B24AEEC38" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1E20298F26BEBB565108E674759E00AF" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
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<taxonomicName id="5CAC58D7C37EE082935BCD8BBFC0C736" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">Admetovis oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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occurs in the American West between the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Coast, as far north as extreme southern British Columbia. Most records are from the western part of this area, where it occurs throughout much of California, Oregon and Washington. The range is limited to Idaho and immediate vicinity in the Rocky Mountains.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA45D0D98815E7D98B59E25B609AD23D" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
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<taxonomicName id="4D58AD0F96CD893284B581ECE7FCCE4A" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">Admetovis oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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is most commonly collected in hilly or mountainous areas with at least some trees, and occurs in a variety of habitats from riparian areas in steppe to near timberline.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="73113EDAE781E027261C447EEF05994E" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
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Adults of
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<taxonomicName id="5E12D14B2545EE88012B27F3B4EE8205" lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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have been collected from late May until early August, with most records from mid-June through July. High-elevation populations fly latest, often in late July or August. It is nocturnal and comes to light.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D405052DC4DAFF259BD76E84747613F6" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
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<taxonomicName id="8F451D2C6675A9860D9423C883F028B3" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis oxymorus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxymorus">Admetovis oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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is the only species in the genus for which the early stages are known. Reared larvae from southern California accepted elderberry (
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<taxonomicName id="84C1B6BF56CCDCDFEFD5A44F4A8344D7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Viburnaceae" genus="Sambucus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sambucus mexicanus" order="Dipsacales" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Sambucus mexicanus</taxonomicName>
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Presl.) in captivity (
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<bibRefCitation id="98BBE9C354CB00B373C7112F17D4D452" author="McFarland, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" pagination="112 - 125" title="Larval foodplant records for 106 species of North American moths." volume="29" year="1975">McFarland 1975</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EA47BB0CB01615C4E76707395DFBE261" author="Godfrey, GL" journalOrPublisher="United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin" pageId="14" pageNumber="181" pagination="1 - 265" title="A review and reclassification of larvae of the subfamily Hadeninae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) of America north of Mexico." volume="1450" year="1972">Godfrey (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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illustrated the head and hypopharyngeal complex of the mature larva.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A22E86492F28B086605267EA6345B320" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="517C02DD4F5F9AB77407F79A7776ACA4" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB7F77FC212BC679306B6F9255C2E8CE" pageId="11" pageNumber="178">
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This species has until now been confused with
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<taxonomicName id="A835616524C951EB8329D156FC2A0612" lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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. Prior records of
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<taxonomicName id="C914656A8281430979C2A78D82DF1372" lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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from Utah and Colorado are referable to
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<taxonomicName id="1D096B43B9EDA9A9D601ADB65296517C" lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="11" pageNumber="178" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |