234 lines
28 KiB
XML
234 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4955D34D7B2E8AA5ABD4EDB3B3E68B93">A revision of the genus Leptotyphlops in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="A77887C2FFC2FFDAFF02852243CAB4E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789129" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196374659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6789129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A77887C2FFC2FFDAFF02852243CAB4E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A77887C2FFC2FFDAFF02852243CAB4E7" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF02852243ADB2BC" blockId="31.[151,751,1391,1452]" box="[151,751,1391,1417]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="742681B8FFC2FFE5FF02852243ADB2BC" bold="true" box="[151,751,1391,1417]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FF0285224369B2BC" authority="Loveridge" authorityName="Loveridge" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,555,1391,1417]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pembae">
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF02852240E6B2BC" bold="true" box="[151,420,1391,1417]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Leptotyphlops pembae</emphasis>
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Loveridge
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="B7EA2A51FFC2FFE5FDAC852243D0B2BC" box="[569,658,1391,1417]" captionStart="PLATE 9" captionStartId="30.[151,238,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[277,1301,263,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-166@30.[276,1319,250,1792]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="PLATE 9. Figure 1. Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus. Dorsal and lateral views of the head of BMNH 1932.5.2.9 — Mouth of Kaliokwell River, Kenya. The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 2. Leptotyphlops pembae. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of BMNH 1947.1.1.43 — Kisiwani, Pemba Island, Tanzania. The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 3. Leptotyphlops macrops. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of the holotype, NMZB 11352 — Mkwaja Forests, Tanzania, after Broadley & Wallach (1996). The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 4. Leptotyphlops emini. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of CAS 227770 from Kapaka Game Control Area, Mpande District, Tanzania. The line represents 1 mm to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6789094/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Plate 9</figureCitation>
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, Fig. 2)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF0285DF403FB299" blockId="31.[151,751,1391,1452]" box="[151,381,1426,1452]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC2FFE5FF0285DF41A5B299" box="[151,231,1426,1452]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Pemba" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pemba</collectingRegion>
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worm snake
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFC2FFE5FF0285AF43F7B1EC" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF0285AF4594B2CC" blockId="31.[151,1436,1506,1753]" box="[151,1238,1506,1529]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF0285AF402AB2CC" box="[151,360,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FF0285AF400BB2CC" ID-CoL="3G6GS" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,329,1506,1529]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Glauconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emini">Glauconia emini</taxonomicName>
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—
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</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FEFB85AF434FB2CC" author="Boettger" box="[366,525,1506,1529]" firstAuthor="Boettger" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="269 - 375" refId="ref57142" refString="Boettger, O. (1913) Reptilien und Amphibien von Madagascar, den Inseln und dem Festland Ostafrikas. (Sammlung Voeltzkow 1889 - 1895 und 1903 - 1905). In: Voeltzkow, A. (Ed.), Reise in Ostafrika in den Jahren 1903 - 1905. Wissenscaftliche Ergebnisse. Systematische Arbeiten, 3 (4), 269 - 375, Pls. 23 - 30." type="journal article" year="1913">Boettger, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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, Reise in Ostafrika, 3: 351, pl. 25, fig. 2;
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<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FC5285AF45CFB2CC" author="Werner, F." box="[967,1165,1506,1529]" page="204" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1917">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FC5285AF45CFB2CC" author="Werner" box="[967,1165,1506,1529]" firstAuthor="Werner" page="204" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="191 - 208" refId="ref64228" refString="Werner, F. (1917) Versuch einer Synopsis der Schlangenfamilie der Glauconiiden. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum (Hamburg), 34, 191 - 208." type="journal article" year="1917">Werner, 1917: 204</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(part).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF02864F4560B12C" blockId="31.[151,1436,1506,1753]" box="[151,1058,1538,1561]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC2FFE5FF02864F4560B12C" box="[151,1058,1538,1561]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF02864F40CCB12C" box="[151,398,1538,1561]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FF02864F402DB12C" box="[151,367,1538,1561]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emini">Leptotyphlops emini</taxonomicName>
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—
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FE00864F4333B12C" author="Loveridge, A." box="[405,625,1538,1561]" page="72" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FE00864F4333B12C" author="Loveridge" box="[405,625,1538,1561]" firstAuthor="Loveridge" page="72" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="71 - 74" refId="ref60510" refString="Loveridge, A. (1925) On Natrix olivacea (Peters), from Pemba Island, and other notes on reptiles and a muraenid fish. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1925, 71 - 74." type="journal article" year="1925">Loveridge, 1925: 72</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FDE9864F429AB12C" author="Moreau, R. E. & Pakenham, R. H. W." box="[636,984,1538,1561]" page="108" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1941">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FDE9864F429AB12C" author="Moreau & Pakenham" box="[636,984,1538,1561]" firstAuthor="Moreau" page="108" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="97 - 128" refId="ref61227" refString="Moreau, R. E. & Pakenham, R. H. W. (1941) The land vertebrates of Pemba, Zanzibar, and Mafia: a zoogeographical study. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1940, 97 - 128." type="journal article" year="1941">Moreau & Pakenham, 1941: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(part).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF02866F40B0B1AC" blockId="31.[151,1436,1506,1753]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC2FFE5FF02866F40B0B1AC" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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||
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FF02866F43CCB10C" authority="Loveridge 1941" authorityName="Loveridge" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,654,1570,1593]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="emini" subSpecies="pembae">
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF02866F4091B10C" box="[151,467,1570,1593]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Leptotyphlops emini pembae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FE48866F43CCB10C" author="Loveridge" box="[477,654,1570,1593]" firstAuthor="Loveridge" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="175 - 178" refId="ref60697" refString="Loveridge, A. (1941) New geckos (Phelsuma & Lygodactylus), snake (Leptotyphlops), and frog (Phrynobatrachus) from Pemba Island, East Africa. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 54, 175 - 178." type="journal article" year="1941">Loveridge 1941</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 54: 177. Type locality: Wingwi Pwana,
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||
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFC2FFE5FF52860F401BB16C" box="[199,345,1602,1625]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Pemba" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pemba Island</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFC2FFE5FEF1860F4086B16C" box="[356,452,1602,1625]" name="Tanzania" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<geoCoordinate id="4AE55013FFC2FFE5FE47860F436EB16C" box="[466,556,1602,1625]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="925" value="-5.016667">05°01’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4AE55013FFC2FFE5FDA2860F43D1B16C" box="[567,659,1602,1625]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="925" value="39.833332">39°50’E</geoCoordinate>
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, near sea level),
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<typeStatus id="F06A8876FFC2FFE5FCD6860F42E2B16C" box="[835,928,1602,1625]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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MCZ 46116, collected by R.H.W. Pakenham,
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<date id="5B6F1014FFC2FFE5FA1B860F4022B14C" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1923-10-04">4 October 1923</date>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FEFA862F4323B14C" author="Loveridge, A." box="[367,609,1634,1657]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref60934" refString="Loveridge, A. (1957 a) On a third collection of reptiles taken in Tanganyika by C. J. P. Ionides, Esq. Tanganyika Notes and Records, (43), 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1957">Loveridge, 1957: 247</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FDE4862F4297B14C" author="Moreau, R. E. & Pakenham, R. H. W." box="[625,981,1634,1657]" page="62" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1942">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FDE4862F4297B14C" author="Moreau & Pakenham" box="[625,981,1634,1657]" firstAuthor="Moreau" page="62" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="61 - 63" refId="ref61274" refString="Moreau, R. E. & Pakenham, R. H. W. (1942) Corrigenda and Addenda to " The land vertebrates of Pemba, Zanzibar, and Mafia: a zoogeographical study. " Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1942, 61 - 63." type="journal article" year="1942">Moreau & Pakenham, 1942: 62</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FC71862F4588B14C" author="Pakenham, R. H. W." box="[996,1226,1634,1657]" page="22" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1983">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FC71862F4588B14C" author="Pakenham" box="[996,1226,1634,1657]" firstAuthor="Pakenham" page="22" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref61379" refString="Pakenham, R. H. W. (1983) The reptiles and amphibians of Zanzibar and Pemba Islands (with a note on the freshwater fishes). The Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society and National Museum (Nairobi), (177), 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1983">Pakenham, 1983: 22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FB4C862F44D5B14C" author="Meirte, D." box="[1241,1431,1634,1657]" page="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1992">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FB4C862F44D5B14C" author="Meirte" box="[1241,1431,1634,1657]" firstAuthor="Meirte" page="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 152" refId="ref61147" refString="Meirte, D. (1992) Cles de determination des serpents d'Afrique. Annales du Museum Royal de l'Afrique Centrale (Tervuren), (Sciences Zoologiques), 267, 1 - 152." type="journal article" year="1992">Meirte, 1992: 16</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FF5286CF40ACB1AC" author="McDiarmid, R. W. & Campbell, J. A. & Toure, T. A." box="[199,494,1666,1689]" page="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1999">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FF5286CF40ACB1AC" author="McDiarmid" box="[199,494,1666,1689]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="McDiarmid" page="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref61066" refString="McDiarmid, R. W., Campbell, J. A. & Toure, T. A. (1999) Snake species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference, Volume 1. The Herpetologists' League, Washington, 511 pp." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
McDiarmid
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FEDF86CF40C4B1AC" box="[330,390,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
1999: 29
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF0286EF45F4B18C" blockId="31.[151,1436,1506,1753]" box="[151,1206,1698,1721]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC2FFE5FF0286EF45F4B18C" box="[151,1206,1698,1721]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF0286EF4353B18C" box="[151,529,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FF0286EF40B1B18C" authorityName="Broadley & Watson" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,499,1698,1721]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="nigricans" subSpecies="pembae">Leptotyphlops nigricans pembae</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FD8D86EF4224B18C" author="Broadley, D. G. & Watson, G." box="[536,870,1698,1721]" page="485" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1976">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FD8D86EF4224B18C" author="Broadley & Watson" box="[536,870,1698,1721]" firstAuthor="Broadley" page="485" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="465 - 510" refId="ref58089" refString="Broadley, D. G. & Watson, G. (1976) A revision of the worm snakes of south-eastern Africa (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Occasional Papers of the National Museums and Monuments of Rhodesia (Salisbury), (B), 5 (8), 465 - 510." type="journal article" year="1976">Broadley & Watson, 1976: 485</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FCE486EF45F0B18C" author="Broadley, D. G. & Howell, K. M." box="[881,1202,1698,1721]" page="22" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FCE486EF45F0B18C" author="Broadley & Howell" box="[881,1202,1698,1721]" firstAuthor="Broadley" page="22" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref57902" refString="Broadley, D. G. & Howell, K. M. (1991) A check-list of the reptiles of Tanzania, with synoptic keys. Syntarsus (Bulawayo), (1), 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1991">Broadley & Howell, 1991: 22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF02868F43F7B1EC" blockId="31.[151,1436,1506,1753]" box="[151,693,1730,1753]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFC2FFE5FF02868F43F7B1EC" box="[151,693,1730,1753]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF02868F40E4B1EC" box="[151,422,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FF02868F40C5B1EC" authorityName="Loveridge" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,391,1730,1753]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pembae">Leptotyphlops pembae</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFC2FFE5FE39868F43F3B1EC" author="Spawls, S. & Howell, K. & Drewes, R. & Ashe, J." box="[428,689,1730,1753]" page="303" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFC2FFE5FE39868F43F3B1EC" author="Spawls" box="[428,689,1730,1753]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Spawls" page="303" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref62470" refString="Spawls, S., Howell, K., Drewes, R. & Ashe, J. (2002) A field guide to the reptiles of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi. Academic Press, San Diego, 543 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Spawls
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FD95868F437EB1EC" box="[512,572,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2002: 303
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFC2FFE5FF028747425BB0A9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF028747425BB0A9" blockId="31.[151,1436,1802,2028]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF0287474055B011" bold="true" box="[151,279,1802,1828]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FD9587464263B011" box="[512,801,1803,1828]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FD9587464263B011" box="[512,801,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Leptotyphlops nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, closest to
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FBF5874645ACB011" box="[1120,1262,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFC2FFE5FBF5874645A8B011" baseAuthorityName="Broadley & Wallach" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[1120,1258,1803,1828]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrops">L. macrops</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with which it agrees in having a large eye beneath a bulge in the ocular shield (but less well developed) and a relatively long tail with 28–39 subcaudals. It differs from that species in having fewer total dorsals (247–269 vs 272–322) and having extensive white patches on chin and throat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFC2FFDAFF5387E743BCB43F" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFC2FFE5FF5387E740CEB0D9" blockId="31.[151,1436,1802,2028]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFC2FFE5FF5387E7401CB0F1" bold="true" box="[198,350,1962,1988]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body cylindrical, with head and neck broadened and flattened, the moderate tail tapers to a small terminal spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF5380D5437BB52F" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Snout rounded, rostral moderate (0.39–0.54 head width, mean = 0.43), broader than nasals anteriorly and extending to a line connecting the eyes posteriorly, rostral without a preoral groove ventrally. Behind rostral, lip bordered by infranasal [except on right side of
|
||
<typeStatus id="F06A8876FFFDFFDAFD7380A5420FB637" box="[742,845,232,258]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
where supralabial contacts rostral along lip] (nostril nearer to rostral than supralabial along nasal suture), small anterior supralabial with width along lip 1.5– 3.0 times that of infranasal, ocular with large eye placed near anterior border, and tall posterior supralabial. Supraoculars pentagonal, anteriorly wedged between supranasal and ocular, posteriorly wedged between hexagonal frontal and postfrontal, the frontal subequal to a supraocular, the postfrontal larger and subequal to the hexagonal interparietal, the interoccipital smaller and subequal to the vertebral series of dorsal scales following it. Parietals transverse, larger than the fused occipitals, in contact with the posterior supralabials. Temporal single. No mental, four infralabials.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF5382654461B55F" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Body covered with 14 rows of smooth, imbricate subequal scales. Reduction to 10 scale rows on the tail takes place lateral to the subtriangular cloacal shield. Total middorsals 247–269, subcaudals 28–39.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF538235428BB5A7" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" box="[198,969,632,658]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Total length/ diameter ratio 45–68; total length/tail ratio 6.2–11.8.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF5382ED44C8B58F" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" box="[198,1418,672,698]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Uniformly dark brown to black dorsum and venter except for irregular white patches on chin and throat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF53828A44D5B5D7" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" box="[198,1431,711,738]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF53828A4042B5D4" bold="true" box="[198,256,711,737]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Size.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="9FB93C89FFFDFFDAFE92828544D1B5D7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3827581323" box="[263,1427,712,738]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Tanzania" location="Wambaa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="BMNH 1940.1" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kusini Pemba">
|
||
Largest specimen (
|
||
<specimenCode id="7F779EAFFFFDFFDAFE71828543DAB5D7" box="[484,664,712,738]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BMNH 1940.1</specimenCode>
|
||
.18.71 —
|
||
<location id="2A0E600FFFFDFFDAFC9E82854236B5D7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A77887C2FFC2FFDAFF02852243CAB4E7:2A0E600FFFFDFFDAFC9E82854236B5D7" box="[779,884,712,738]" country="Tanzania" name="Wambaa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Kusini Pemba">Wambaa</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFFDFFDAFCEA82854562B5D7" box="[895,1056,712,738]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Pemba" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pemba Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFDFFDAFBB8828545DAB5D7" box="[1069,1176,712,738]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
) 195 + 25 =
|
||
<quantity id="E8299B31FFFDFFDAFABB828544D1B5D7" box="[1326,1427,712,738]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="220.0">220 mm</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF5382A243BCB43F" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" box="[198,766,751,778]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF5382A2406CB43C" bold="true" box="[198,302,751,777]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Clove plantations and sandy grassland.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFFDFFDAFF53835A43CAB4E7" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF53835A4571B407" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" box="[198,1075,791,818]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF53835A4025B404" bold="true" box="[198,359,791,817]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Endemic to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFFDFFDAFE6E835543DEB407" box="[507,668,792,818]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Pemba" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pemba Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFDFFDAFD3C83554257B407" box="[681,789,792,818]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
, near sea level (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7EA2A51FFFDFFDAFC5A83554566B407" box="[975,1060,792,818]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,238,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[268,1322,271,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-152@13.[264,1323,266,1713]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="PLATE 5. Leptotyphlops. Distribution of the Leptotyphlops parkeri, L. reticulatus, L. longicaudus and L. nigricans species groups in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6789078/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Plate 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF53837243CAB4E7" blockId="32.[151,1436,152,978]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF5383724004B46C" bold="true" box="[198,326,831,857]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Localities.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFDFFDAFEDB830D40A4B46F" box="[334,486,832,858]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFFDFFDAFE67830D4392B46F" box="[498,720,832,858]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Pemba" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">PEMBA ISLAND</collectingRegion>
|
||
: No specific locality BMNH 1950.1.5.31; Chakechake MCZ 19111; Kinazini MCZ 46117; Kinowe MCZ 46118; Kisiwani BMNH 1947.1.1.43; Kondi BMNH 1947.3.3.35; Mitatuni BMNH 1940.1.18.70; 1947.1.2.87–89; Mizi BMNH 1940.1.18.69; Vitongoje MCZ 46119–20; Wambaa BMNH 1940.1.18.70.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |