182 lines
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182 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.23471" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cf053716-f618-47e4-ba3d-2647701e6bd3" ID-PMC="PMC5904496" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-742-23" ID-PubMed="29670429" ID-ZBK="6419AC9558EF4033803DDAC73F347405" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-742-23" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 742" ModsDocTitle="Occurrence of the millipede genus Tonkinosoma Jeekel, 1953 in China, with the description of the first presumed troglobitic species of this genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" checkinTime="1520934660840" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liu, Weixin & Golovatch, Sergei" docDate="2018" docId="A73116FD8967BEA39B0A55F47282ECF6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 742: 23-34" docOrigin="ZooKeys 742" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.23471" docTitle="Tonkinosoma tiani Liu & Golovatch, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="87580449-1285-4C19-B810-8169522704D8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="607EA825FFE8574A797AFF98F3720E41" masterDocTitle="Occurrence of the millipede genus Tonkinosoma Jeekel, 1953 in China, with the description of the first presumed troglobitic species of this genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1668165555376" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Occurrence of the millipede genus Tonkinosoma Jeekel, 1953 in China, with the description of the first presumed troglobitic species of this genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Weixin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Golovatch, Sergei</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>742</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>34</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.23471</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.742.23471</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-742-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">6419AC9558EF4033803DDAC73F347405</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6419AC9558EF4033803DDAC73F347405</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="142225524" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:87580449-1285-4C19-B810-8169522704D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A73116FD8967BEA39B0A55F47282ECF6" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/87580449-1285-4C19-B810-8169522704D8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tonkinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinosoma tiani" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiani">Tonkinosoma tiani</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="25">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="26" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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Holotype ♂ (SCAU), China, Guizhou Province, Qianxinan, Anlong County, Sayu Town, Ganhan Dong Cave,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="25.190277">25°11'25"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="105.32528">105°19'31"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1250 m a.s.l., 12.V.2017, leg. Mingyi Tian, Weixin Liu, Xiaozhu Luo, Pingjing Yang & Yanyi Pu.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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9 ♂, 20 ♀ (SCAU), same data as holotype. 8 ♂ (SCAU), same county, Longguang Town, Fengyan Dong Cave,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="25.168055">25°10'05"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="105.23055">105°13'50"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1400 m a.s.l., 12.V.2017; 13 ♂, 4 ♀ (SCAU), 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMUM), Guizhou, Xingyi City, Wushan Town, Xiaozi Dong Cave, N 25°06'43", E 104°46'32", 1750 m a.s.l., 14.V.2017; all leg. Mingyi Tian, Weixin Liu, Xiaozhu Luo, Pingjing Yang & Yanyi Pu.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="name">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="27" start="start">Name</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">To honour Prof. Mingyi Tian, one of the collectors from South China Agricultural University.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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This new species differs from its congeners in showing a largely unpigmented body. It seems to be especially similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. jeekeli" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="jeekeli">T. jeekeli</taxonomicName>
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on account of the particularly elongate and subcircular solenophore and solenomere, but differs by the strongly developed pleurosternal
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<taxonomicName lsidName="carinae" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="carinae">carinae</taxonomicName>
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present until segment 17 in both sexes, by an evident, subtrapeziform process between ♂ coxae 4, and the gonopod with a small and sharp tooth near the base of the solenomere.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Lengths of both sexes ca 25-27 mm, widths 1.6-1.8 and 2.0-2.2 mm (♂) or 1.8-2.0 and 2.2-2.5 mm (♀) on pro- and metazonae, respectively. Holotype ca 27 mm long, and 1.8 and 2.2 mm wide on midbody pro- and metazonae, respectively.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Live coloration rather uniformly yellowish to pale (Fig. 4).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Body with 20 segments. In width, collum <head = segment 3 <2 = 4 <5-7 <8-16, thereafter body increasingly tapered towards telson.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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Head: frons densely pilose, vertex smooth, epicranial suture distinct (Fig. 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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). Antennae long and slender, reaching behind body segment 4 when extended posteriorly; in length, antennomere 2> 3> 5> 4> 6> 1> 7 (Fig. 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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Collum with 4+4 short setae at anterior margin. Following metaterga with traces of at least 1+1 setae before transverse sulcus, but pattern mostly vague and setae abraded.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="28" start="start">Paraterga</pageBreakToken>
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of collum small, but evident, rounded. Paraterga 2 well-developed, directed down, with 4-5 clear lateral incisions on each side, frontolateral corner much sharper (Fig. 5A). Paraterga 3-6 each with three small, lateral incisions (Figs 5A), following paratergal incisions indistinct (Figs 5D, G, 6A). Calluses of paraterga 5-18 very thin
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="29" start="start">in</pageBreakToken>
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poreless segments, slightly thicker and sinuate in dorsal view in caudal 1/3 (ozopore position) of pore-bearing ones (Figs 5D, F, 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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); paraterga 19 nearly suppressed, but its ozopores clear (Fig. 5I).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Integument shining, texture of prozonae finely micro-alveolate. Stricture between pro- and metazonae broad and shallow, clearly ribbed (Figs 5D, 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Pore formula normal (5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15-19), ozopores distinct, entirely lateral, lying inside an ovoid groove near caudal paratergal corner (Figs 5F, 6B).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Transverse sulcus incomplete on metaterga 4-7, more evident, complete and reaching bases of paraterga on metaterga 8-18 (Figs 5D, G, 6A). Axial line missing.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Epiproct tip truncated, with four spinnerets (Figs 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
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). Paraproct with two setigerous knobs. Hypoproct roundly subtrapeziform, caudal setae distinctly separated, borne on evident knobs (Fig. 5H).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Pleurosternal carinae very strongly developed, present on segments 2-17 both in ♂ and ♀ (Figs 5C, F, 6B).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Sterna modestly setose, cross-impressions shallow (Fig. 5E). An evident, apically setose, subtrapeziform process between ♂ coxae 4 (Fig. 6C).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Legs long and slender, ca 2.5 (♂) or 2.0 (♀) times as long as midbody height. Tarsal brushes present only on ♂ legs 1-7, following legs normal, unmodified (Fig. 6D).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Gonopods (Figs 6D, 7, 8) simple. Coxite relatively short, about half as long as telopodite, poorly setose both distodorsally and distoventrally. Prefemoral portion densely setose as usual, about as long as coxite. Femorite (fe) long and slender, slightly curved mesally and faintly enlarged distally. An obvious demarcation sulcus (s) both laterally and dorsally between fe and a postfemoral portion (pf). Solenophore (sph) clearly coiled, circular, both lamina medialis (lm) and lamina lateralis (ll) well-developed and nearly entirely sheathing a similarly long and free solenomere (sl). Seminal groove (sg) running entirely on mesal side of femorite before moving onto sl, with a very small, sharp, mesal tooth (t) on pf near sl base.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="29" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">The karstic Ganhan Dong cave where the holotype was taken is about 300 m long. All material was collected in areas of complete darkness.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Based on the largely unpigmented integument, the long legs (2.5 (♂) or 2.0 (♀) vs. 1.6 (♂) or 1.2 (♀) times as long as midbody height in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flexipes" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="flexipes">T. flexipes</taxonomicName>
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) and the cave habitat, this species seems to be a troglobite.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tonkinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinosoma tiani" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiani">Tonkinosoma tiani</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. in nature A, B two different ♂ paratypes.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tonkinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinosoma tiani" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiani">Tonkinosoma tiani</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., ♂ paratype from Ganhan Cave.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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anterior part of body, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, respectively
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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midbody segments; dorsal, ventral and lateral views, respectively
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
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posterior part of body, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, respectively. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 6.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tonkinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinosoma tiani" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiani">Tonkinosoma tiani</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., ♂ paratype from Ganhan Cave. A, B segments 6-8, dorsal and lateral views, respectively C sternite V, ventral view D gonopods in situ, ventral view E legs 4 and 9, anterior view. Abbreviations: b = tarsal brush; o = ozopore; pl = pleurosternal carina.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tonkinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinosoma tiani" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiani">Tonkinosoma tiani</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., ♂ paratype from Ganhan Cave.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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left gonopod, mesal, anterior and lateral views, respectively. Abbreviations: fe = femorite; ll = lamella lateralis; lm = lamella medialis; pf = postfemur; s = sulcus; sg = seminal groove; sl = solenomere; sph = solenophore; t = tooth.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 8.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tonkinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonkinosoma tiani" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiani">Tonkinosoma tiani</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., ♂ paratype from Ganhan Cave. A, B left gonopod, submesal and lateral views, respectively. Abbreviations: s = sulcus; sl = solenomere; sph = solenophore; t = tooth.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |