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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8225" ID-GBIF-Dataset="861ee59e-245c-4a17-8294-0f137f36c03d" ID-PMC="PMC4319097" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-481-1" ID-PubMed="25685028" ID-ZBK="791823C0114348FFB6B46DA47934A6F2" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-481-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 481" ModsDocTitle="New Bythinella (Gastropoda, Bythinellidae) species from western Turkey" checkinTime="1451244685949" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yildirim, Mehmet Zeki, Kebapci, Uemit, Koca, Seval Bahadir &amp; Yuece, Arzu" docDate="2015" docId="A0F0F7F4FA3447A5EFD13CF910A123A8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 481: 1-13" docOrigin="ZooKeys 481" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8225" docTitle="Bythinella istanbulensis Yildirim, Kebapci &amp; Yuece, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="8958B919-4F97-4EAA-A6F8-EB7059A8FEB7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="F833FFB4FFBEFFEAFFE68A6EFFFA3907" masterDocTitle="New Bythinella (Gastropoda, Bythinellidae) species from western Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1668160000964" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New Bythinella (Gastropoda, Bythinellidae) species from western Turkey</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yildirim, Mehmet Zeki</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kebapci, Uemit</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Koca, Seval Bahadir</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yuece, Arzu</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>481</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>13</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8225</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8225</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-481-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">791823C0114348FFB6B46DA47934A6F2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">791823C0114348FFB6B46DA47934A6F2</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058185" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8958B919-4F97-4EAA-A6F8-EB7059A8FEB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A0F0F7F4FA3447A5EFD13CF910A123A8" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Taxon classification Animalia Littorinimorpha Bythinellidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/8958B919-4F97-4EAA-A6F8-EB7059A8FEB7" authority="Yildirim, Kebapci &amp; Yuece" class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella istanbulensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="istanbulensis">
Bythinella istanbulensis
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kebapçı">Kebapci</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yüce">Yuece</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 3, 6b
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">Bythinella</pageBreakToken>
opaca
</taxonomicName>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
, H., 1965 Zur Systematik und
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Türkischer">Tuerkischer</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Süsswasserprosobranchier">Suesswasserprosobranchier</normalizedToken>
. Zoologische Mededelingen, 41: 43-71. (misidentification).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Bythinella &quot; opaca &quot;</taxonomicName>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
, H., 1980 Zur Kenntnis griechischer Hydrobiiden, Arch.Moll.110 (4/6):115.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bythinella</taxonomicName>
sp. A,
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 204" title="Supplement to the Prosobranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Fauna of Fresh and Brackish Waters of Turkey." volume="30" year="2006">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
et al. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
Supplement to the
<taxonomicName lsidName="Prosobranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="subclass" subclass="Prosobranchia">Prosobranchia</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName lsidName="Prosobranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="phylum">Mollusca</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" lsidName="Prosobranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
) Fauna of Fresh and Brackish Waters of Turkey, Tr. J. Zool. 30: 197-204.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Holotype</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
(Coll.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
): Shell height: 2.74 mm, width 1.43 mm (Coll. M.Z.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
); TURKEY, Istanbul,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bahçeköy">Bahcekoey</normalizedToken>
, a small spring at the entrance of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bahçeköy">Bahcekoey</normalizedToken>
in Belgrad Forest,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="41.184834">N41°11.09'</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="28.991667">E28°59.5'</geoCoordinate>
, 23.02.2013, leg. A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yüce">Yuece</normalizedToken>
. Paratypes: 27 ex., same data and locality as holotype; 5 ex. Zoologisches Museum Hamburg (ZMH 79661), 5 ex. Naturhistorisches Museum in Wien (NHMW 109174), rest in the Coll.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
. Additional material: 5 ex. in the University of Giessen (Coll. Prof. Wilke), rest in the Coll.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
(5 dissected).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
A small spring at the entrance of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bahçeköy">Bahcekoey</normalizedToken>
in Belgrad Forest,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bahçeköy">Bahcekoey</normalizedToken>
, Istanbul.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Named after the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Shell broad cylindrical oval, yellowish horn-colored, surface smooth and glossy covered by a thick, solid and rough encrustation due to chemical conditions of the spring water; apex blunt;
<normalizedToken originalValue="3½–">31/2-</normalizedToken>
4 convex whorls, rapidly and regularly increasing to form a cylindrical shape, last whorl about 2/3 of the shell height, sutures relatively deep; aperture pear-shaped, height nearly the same as or slightly less than the penultimate whorl, columellar margin with an distinct inner lip reaching basal and apical corners of the aperture; operculum orange, umbilicus narrow and slit-shaped (Figs 2a, 6a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tubular gland relatively short and thick. Pallial roof unpigmented, head having little pigmentation (Fig. 2b), rs1 small and attached to oviduct (Fig. 2c), thus not easily discernible.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Measurements (n=28): SH: 2.67 mm (min 2.18/max 2.87), SW: 1.66 mm (min 1.37/max 1.94), SH/SW: 1.61 (min 1.39/max 1.84), SW/SH: 0.62 (min 0.54/max 0.72), ah/SH: 0.41 (min 0.37/max 0.50).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Figure 3. Shell and anatomy of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella istanbulensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="istanbulensis">Bythinella istanbulensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.: a shell b male head and penis in natural position c penis d female genitalia. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
This new species is distinguished from other Turkish
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bythinella</taxonomicName>
species by its nearly cylindrical shell with broad and blunt apex. Small and attached rs1, unpigmented and light coloured pallial roof are the other key characters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Specimens were collected from the stones in a small spring and its pond.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Based on shell characters only,
<bibRefCitation author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="43 - 71" title="Zur Systematik und Oekologie Tuerkischer Suesswasserprosobranchier." volume="41" year="1965">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
(1965)
</bibRefCitation>
misidentified
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Bythinella</pageBreakToken>
</taxonomicName>
specimens from Belgrad Forest as
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Bythinella opaca</taxonomicName>
(Frauenfeld, 1857), a species originally described from Carniola (Slovenia) and Italy.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella angelitae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angelitae">Bythinella angelitae</taxonomicName>
was introduced as a replacement name for the preoccupied name
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Assimineidae" genus="Paludinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paludinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Paludinella opaca</taxonomicName>
Frauenfeld, 1857, a homonym of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Assimineidae" genus="Paludinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paludinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Paludinella opaca</taxonomicName>
M. von Gallenstein, 1848, by
<bibRefCitation author="Haase, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 16" title="Identifying species of Bythinella (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea): A plea for an integrative opproach." volume="1563" year="2007">Haase et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
. The two closely related species
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella angelitae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angelitae">Bythinella angelitae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Bythinella opaca</taxonomicName>
can be morphologically separated only by radular dentition, and the geographic range of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella angelitae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angelitae">Bythinella angelitae</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the border areas of Austria and Slovenia (
<bibRefCitation author="Haase, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 16" title="Identifying species of Bythinella (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea): A plea for an integrative opproach." volume="1563" year="2007">Haase et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Although they have been recorded in previous studies (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, J" journalOrPublisher="Allattani Koezlemenyek" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 210" title="A Gutin-hegyseg Mollusca faunajanak alapvetese" volume="38" year="1941">Wagner 1941</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Grossu, AV" journalOrPublisher="Editura Acad. RPR, Bucuresti" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 220" title="Gastropoda. Prosobranchia si Opisthobranchia. Fauna Republicii Populare Romine. Mollusca" year="1956">Grossu 1956</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Angelov, A" journalOrPublisher="News of the Zoological Institute with Museum, Sofia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="411 - 413" title="Contribution to the study of the Bulgarian freshwater mollusks." volume="9" year="1960">Angelov 1960</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Angelov, A" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft &amp; Backhuys Publ., Sofia, Leiden" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" title="Mollusca (Gastropoda et Bivalvia) aquae dulcis, catalogus Faunae Bulgaricae" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella austriaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="austriaca">Bythinella austriaca</taxonomicName>
(Frauenfeld, 1857) and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Bythinella opaca</taxonomicName>
(M. von Gallenstein, 1848) have not been confirmed from the eastern Balkan countries in recent studies (
<bibRefCitation author="Falniowski, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="2955 - 2973" title="Bythinella Moquin-Tandon, 1856 (Gastropoda: Rissooidea: Bythinellidae) in Romania: species richness in a glacial refugium." url="10.1080/00222930903359636" volume="43" year="2009 a">Falniowski et al. 2009a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Falniowski, A" journalOrPublisher="Folia Malacologica" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="21 - 36" title="Bythinella Moquin-Tandon, 1856 (Gastropoda: Rissooidea: Bythinellidae) in Romania: its morphology with description of four new species." url="10.2478/v10125-009-0003-2" volume="17" year="2009 b">b</bibRefCitation>
). Therefore, there is a large distribution gap between the ranges of Central European taxa and that of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella istanbulensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="istanbulensis">Bythinella istanbulensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Despite the conchological similarities, the new species is anatomically distinct from the Central European species
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella austriaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="austriaca">Bythinella austriaca</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Bythinella opaca</taxonomicName>
. While the lighter pallial roof colouration is also observed in
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella opaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="opaca">Bythinella opaca</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pešic">Pesic</normalizedToken>
, 2006),
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bythinellidae" genus="Bythinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythinella austriaca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="austriaca">Bythinella austriaca</taxonomicName>
has a dark pallial roof colouration. The new species differs from both of these taxa in having a very short and broad penial appendix (cf. long trumpet-shaped penial appendix in these species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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