348 lines
41 KiB
XML
348 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="1FF0CB67994E56BA6300350972E58E60" ID-CLB-Dataset="31361" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4353.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a3f68dc2-99c8-474b-8fd4-75234632da0a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1064504" ID-ZooBank="0E24007C-9CCA-403E-84B7-6D94FF6AAFC8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1511347007725" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Magalhães, Wagner F., Linse, Katrin & Wiklund, Helena" docDate="2017" docId="635C8D30FFBFFFCD31D8FEF0FEE2FE69" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4353.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4353 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Raricirrus Hartman 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="9F65F548FFBDFFCE314FFFD5FFF1FFA6" masterDocTitle="A new species of Raricirrus (Annelida: Cirratuliformia) from deep-water sunken wood off California" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1698503316063" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A48ED37931A428584B99F57ED91FDFD4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4B7692620A9CDFB03399DB3768CF331E">
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<mods:title id="4AD2F86EA771103D0E4B9C3BF7A4B9EF">A new species of Raricirrus (Annelida: Cirratuliformia) from deep-water sunken wood off California</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96EAF790BA46580165542B214BF2D918">Magalhães, Wagner F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="74F357C3C03FC7CF73816FF3FE19FFA7">Linse, Katrin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="D1F1E17AC9AB44E864AF44B073C3E446" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A30492ED6283835CF632775F48D47D3C">Wiklund, Helena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D5EFA81EF85B62EE9349636CF6DA19B3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6843A3F09445DF9129901195A1985A3C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C6B5EFBDC04173BFCF785B27D790DC0B">
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<mods:date id="92F387749FD39220C89681FBC2D2D948">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E64EECC81B461A808691B8860EAC5CE3">2017-11-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6BAB6604C81332990711CC5D5542607F">4353</mods:number>
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<treatment id="635C8D30FFBFFFCD31D8FEF0FEE2FE69" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052624" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137467779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6052624" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:635C8D30FFBFFFCD31D8FEF0FEE2FE69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/635C8D30FFBFFFCD31D8FEF0FEE2FE69" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="A3EF6FADFFBFFFCC31D8FEF0FDC1FE99" box="[151,560,292,319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EB4A3C26FFBFFFCC31D8FEF0FDC1FE99" blockId="2.[151,560,292,319]" box="[151,560,292,319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<heading id="B0028B4AFFBFFFCC31D8FEF0FDC1FE99" bold="true" box="[151,560,292,319]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC31D8FEF0FDC1FE99" bold="true" box="[151,560,292,319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC31A1FEF1FDC1FE99" authority="Hartman, 1961" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[238,560,292,319]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC31A1FEF1FE9DFE98" bold="true" box="[238,364,292,318]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC303CFEF0FDC1FE99" author="Hartman" box="[371,560,293,319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Hartman, O. (1961) Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 25, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1961">Hartman, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A3EF6FADFFBFFFCC31D8FEB9FD6EFE24" box="[151,671,364,386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="EB4A3C26FFBFFFCC31D8FEB9FD6EFE24" blockId="2.[151,671,364,386]" box="[151,671,364,386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC31D8FEB9FEEDFE24" bold="true" box="[151,284,364,386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Type species</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3065FEB8FD6EFE24" authority="Hartman, 1961" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[298,671,364,386]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maculatus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3065FEB8FDF3FE24" box="[298,514,364,386]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus maculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC3347FEB8FD6EFE24" author="Hartman" box="[520,671,364,386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Hartman, O. (1961) Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 25, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1961">Hartman, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A3EF6FADFFBFFFCC31D8FE7BFC21FC88" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EB4A3C26FFBFFFCC31D8FE7BFC21FC88" blockId="2.[151,1437,430,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC31D8FE7BFD9BFE61" bold="true" box="[151,618,430,455]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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Diagnosis (emended after
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC3096FE7BFDACFE61" author="Dean" box="[473,605,430,455]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Dean, H. K. (1995) A new species of Raricirrus (Polychaeta: Ctenodrilidae) from wood collected in the Tongue of the Ocean, Virgin Islands. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 108 (2), 169 - 179." type="journal article" year="1995">Dean 1995</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Prostomium rounded, eyes absent, nuchal organs shallow ciliary pits, postero-lateral, rounded or elongate. Peristomium not obviously delimited from prostomium and chaetiger 1 dorsally; ventral cilia may be present on peristomium and first few segments; first segment complete chaetiger. Tentacles absent. Branchiae present on several segments, filiform or club-like distally. Notochaetae short and long serrate capillaries anteriorly and modified chaetae posteriorly as acicular spines, coarsely serrate forms and short pectinate falcigers. Neurochaetae short serrate capillaries and/or modified chaetae such as acicular spines, falcate and finely pectinate, and coarsely serrate chaetae. Simple enlarged spines may be present in one or two posterior end segments. Heart body enlarged dorsal vessel present in variable number of anterior and middle segments. Pygidium simple lobe, anal aperture usually dorsal; posterior region distinct with few segments wider than preceding ones. Asexual reproduction via architomy. Sexual reproduction may occur; epitoke individuals, hermaphroditism, seminal vesicle and reproductive stylet may be present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A3EF6FADFFBFFFCD3188FCEFFEE2FE69" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="EB4A3C26FFBFFFCC3188FCEFFE15F9CD" blockId="2.[151,1437,430,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3188FCEFFECAFCF5" bold="true" box="[199,315,826,851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3081FCE9FD0FFCF5" authority="Hartman, 1961" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[462,766,826,851]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3081FCE9FDB3FCF5" box="[462,578,828,851]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC331FFCEEFD0FFCF5" author="Hartman" box="[592,766,826,851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Hartman, O. (1961) Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 25, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1961">Hartman, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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was originally proposed as part of the
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC35AEFCEFFA96FCF5" baseAuthorityName="After Blake" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[1249,1383,826,851]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Cirratulidae</taxonomicName>
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and differed from the known genera by the absence of dorsal tentacles and branchiae limited to a few mid-body segments (
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC3040FC56FE46FC3D" author="Hartman" box="[271,439,898,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Hartman, O. (1961) Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 25, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1961">Hartman 1961</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC3083FC56FD04FC3D" author="Petersen" box="[460,757,899,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Petersen, M. E. & George, J. D. (1991). A new species of Raricirrus from northern Europe, with notes on its biology and a discussion of the affinities of the genus (Polychaeta: Ctenodrilidae). In: Petersen, M. E. & Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds.), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta, Ophelia, 5 (Supplement), 185 - 208." type="journal article" year="1991">Petersen & George (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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transferred
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC32CFFC51FC04FC3D" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[896,1013,900,923]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC32CFFC51FC04FC3D" box="[896,1013,900,923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to the family
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC35D8FC57FADEFC3D" authorityName="Kennel" authorityYear="1882" box="[1175,1327,898,923]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Ctenodrilidae</taxonomicName>
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based on the absence of feeding tentacles at all stages of development and redefined the ctenodrilids to include
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3468FC72FA6AFC18" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[1319,1435,935,958]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3468FC72FA6AFC18" box="[1319,1435,935,958]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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while excluding
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC301BFC1FFD9FFC45" authority="Vaillant, 1890" authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1890" box="[340,622,970,995]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Zeppelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC301BFC1FFE34FC45" box="[340,453,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Zeppelina</emphasis>
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Vaillant, 1890
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</taxonomicName>
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. The close morphological affinities between
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3525FC19FB2EFC45" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[1130,1247,972,995]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3525FC19FB2EFC45" box="[1130,1247,972,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3457FC1FFA6DFC45" authorityName="Monticelli" authorityYear="1910" box="[1304,1436,970,995]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raphidrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3457FC1FFA6DFC45" box="[1304,1436,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raphidrilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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led
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC318FFC3AFE16FBA1" author="Petersen" box="[192,487,1007,1031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Petersen, M. E. & George, J. D. (1991). A new species of Raricirrus from northern Europe, with notes on its biology and a discussion of the affinities of the genus (Polychaeta: Ctenodrilidae). In: Petersen, M. E. & Kirkegaard, J. B. (Eds.), Systematics, Biology and Morphology of World Polychaeta, Ophelia, 5 (Supplement), 185 - 208." type="journal article" year="1991">Petersen & George (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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to include
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3329FC3AFD2AFBA0" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[614,731,1007,1030]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3329FC3AFD2AFBA0" box="[614,731,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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within the subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC329EFC3BFB98FBA1" authorityName="Hartmann-Schröder" authorityYear="1971" box="[977,1129,1006,1031]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Raphidrilinae">Raphidrilinae</taxonomicName>
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Hartmann-Schröder, 1971. The differences between these two genera were elucidated in
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<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC3203FBC7FBA8FB8D" box="[844,1113,1042,1067]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Magalhaes, W. F., Bailey-Brock, J. H. & Davenport, J. S. (2011) On the genus Raphidrilus Monticelli, 1910 (Polychaeta: Ctenodrilidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 2804, 1 - 14." type="journal article">
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Magalhães
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3282FBC1FC0EFB8D" box="[973,1023,1042,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
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. (2011)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, listing as the main differing characters the
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<typeStatus id="344E8284FFBFFFCC3070FBE2FE8BFBE9" box="[319,378,1079,1103]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">types</typeStatus>
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of chaetae, position and extent of the heart body and shape of the posterior end segments. Based on molecular data,
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC308BFB8FFCE1FBD5" authority="Claparede, 1863" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1863" box="[452,784,1114,1139]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Ctenodrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC308BFB8FFDB9FBD5" box="[452,584,1114,1139]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Ctenodrilus</emphasis>
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Claparède, 1863
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</taxonomicName>
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, the
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<typeStatus id="344E8284FFBFFFCC3205FB8EFC8BFBD5" box="[842,890,1115,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
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genus of the
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3553FB8FFB46FBD5" authorityName="Kennel" authorityYear="1882" box="[1052,1207,1114,1139]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Ctenodrilidae</taxonomicName>
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, has been shown to belong to a clade that includes the
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3378FBABFD4CFB31" baseAuthorityName="After Blake" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[567,701,1150,1175]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Cirratulidae</taxonomicName>
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and shows close affinities to the cirratulid genus
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3444FBABFA6DFB31" authorityName="Orsted" authorityYear="1843" box="[1291,1436,1150,1175]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Dodecaceria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3444FBABFA6DFB31" box="[1291,1436,1150,1175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Dodecaceria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC31D1FB77FE78FB1D" author="Bleidorn" box="[158,393,1186,1211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Bleidorn, C., Vogt, L. & Bartolomaeus, T. (2003) New insights into polychaete phylogeny (Annelida) inferred from 18 S rDNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 29, 279 - 288. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 1055 - 7903 (03) 00107 - 6" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
|
Bleidorn
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3044FB71FEB4FB1D" box="[267,325,1186,1211]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2003
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC30D9FB76FD87FB1D" author="Rousset" box="[406,630,1186,1211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Rousset, V., Pleijel, F., Rouse, G. W., Erseus, C. & Siddall, M. E. (2007) A molecular phylogeny of annelids. Cladistics, 23, 41 - 63." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
|
Rousset
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC30B7FB71FDC3FB1D" box="[504,562,1186,1211]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2007
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC33CCFB77FC72FB1D" author="Magalhaes" box="[643,899,1186,1211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Magalhaes, W. F., Weidhase, M., Schulze, A. & Bailey-Brock, J. H. (2016) Taxonomic remarks on the genus Ctenodrilus (Annelida: Cirratulidae) including description of a new species from the Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa, 4103 (4), 325 - 343. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.4.2" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|
Magalhães
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC324AFB71FCC6FB1D" box="[773,823,1186,1211]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Weidhase
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC354AFB71FBCEFB1D" box="[1029,1087,1186,1211]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016). Weidhase
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3441FB71FAB8FB1D" box="[1294,1353,1186,1211]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2016) suggested that the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC30F9FB12FDDBFB78" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[438,554,1223,1246]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC30F9FB12FDDBFB78" box="[438,554,1223,1246]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, represented by sequences of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC32CBFB12FC14FB79" authorityName="Petersen & George" authorityYear="1991" box="[900,997,1222,1247]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beryli">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC32CBFB12FC14FB79" box="[900,997,1222,1247]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">R. beryli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, belonged within the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC35AEFB13FA96FB79" baseAuthorityName="After Blake" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[1249,1383,1222,1247]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Cirratulidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
as a sister taxon to a clade composed of multitentaculate cirratulid genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC32F5FB3FFBDEFAA5" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1818" box="[954,1071,1258,1283]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Cirratulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC32F5FB3FFBDEFAA5" box="[954,1071,1258,1283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Cirratulus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3570FB3EFB33FAA5" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1936" box="[1087,1218,1259,1283]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Cirriformia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3570FB3EFB33FAA5" box="[1087,1218,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Cirriformia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC35B2FB39FAAFFAA5" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1866" box="[1277,1374,1260,1283]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Timarete" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC35B2FB39FAAFFAA5" box="[1277,1374,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Timarete</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The diagnosis of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC306AFADAFE6BFA80" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[293,410,1295,1318]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC306AFADAFE6BFA80" box="[293,410,1295,1318]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is herein emended to include the presence of acicular spines as seen in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC35F7FADAFAD3FA80" authority="Magalhães & Linse & Wiklund, 2017" authorityName="Magalhães & Linse & Wiklund" authorityYear="2017" box="[1208,1314,1295,1318]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jennae" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC35F7FADAFAD3FA80" box="[1208,1314,1295,1318]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">R. jennae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2B25D4FFFBFFFCC3466FADBFA70FA80" box="[1321,1409,1294,1319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3466FADBFA8AFA81" bold="true" box="[1321,1403,1294,1319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
, a character only previously known in most multitentaculate cirratulid genera. The absence of tentacles as in all ctenodrilid genera was speculated to represent a juvenile character (Weidhase
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC354BFA82FBCCFAC9" box="[1028,1085,1366,1391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016) but further phylogenetic analysis taking into consideration molecular and morphological data should be performed to understand the relationships between ctenodrilid and cirratulid genera and the evolution of the feeding tentacles.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3445FA4AFA8EFA10" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[1290,1407,1439,1462]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3445FA4AFA8EFA10" box="[1290,1407,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is herein defined as genus belonging to a clade that includes the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3205FA17FC22FA7D" baseAuthorityName="After Blake" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[842,979,1474,1499]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Cirratulidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, lacking dorsal tentacles, having filiform branchiae limited to a few anterior and mid-body segments, posterior end with a few widened segments, and having diverse
|
|
<typeStatus id="344E8284FFBFFFCC3008F9DEFE73F985" box="[327,386,1547,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">types</typeStatus>
|
|
of chaetae, including short and long serrated capillaries, acicular spines, falcate and finely pectinate chaetae, coarsely serrate chaetae and simple enlarged genital spines limited to a few posterior end segments in male individuals.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="EB4A3C26FFBFFFCD3188F9A2FEE2FE69" blockId="2.[151,1437,430,2003]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,464]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
|
|
Two subfamilies had been proposed for the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC33ADF9A3FC8EF929" authorityName="Kennel" authorityYear="1882" box="[738,895,1654,1679]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Ctenodrilidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC32DFF9A3FB26F929" authority="Kennel, 1882" authorityName="Kennel" authorityYear="1882" box="[912,1239,1654,1679]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ctenodrilinae">Ctenodrilinae Kennel, 1882</taxonomicName>
|
|
, including those ctenodrilids with a short body, without branchial filaments and reproducing exclusively asexually (genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC31D8F96BFEEAF971" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,283,1726,1751]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Ctenodrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC31D8F96BFEEAF971" box="[151,283,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Ctenodrilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC301AF96BFD69F971" authority="Wilfert, 1974" authorityName="Wilfert" authorityYear="1974" box="[341,664,1726,1751]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Aphropharynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC301AF96BFE07F971" box="[341,502,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Aphropharynx</emphasis>
|
|
Wilfert, 1974
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3394F96BFC82F971" authorityName="Hartmann-Schröder" authorityYear="1971" box="[731,883,1726,1751]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Raphidrilinae">Raphidrilinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 for those ctenodrilids with long bodies, branchial filaments present, and reproducing both sexually and asexually (genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC35B8F931FA9DF95D" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[1271,1388,1764,1787]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC35B8F931FA9DF95D" box="[1271,1388,1764,1787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC31D8F8D3FEEAF8B9" authorityName="Monticelli" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,283,1798,1823]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raphidrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC31D8F8D3FEEAF8B9" box="[151,283,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raphidrilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). The genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC308EF8D3FDB7F8B9" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1863" box="[449,582,1798,1823]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Ctenodrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC308EF8D3FDB7F8B9" box="[449,582,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Ctenodrilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was shown to be related to the bidentaculate genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3583F8D3FAACF8B9" authorityName="Orsted" authorityYear="1843" box="[1228,1373,1798,1823]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Dodecaceria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3583F8D3FAACF8B9" box="[1228,1373,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Dodecaceria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC343BF8D2FA6DF8B8" box="[1396,1436,1799,1822]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">e.g.</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC31D8F8FFFE60F8E5" author="Magalhaes" box="[151,401,1834,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Magalhaes, W. F., Weidhase, M., Schulze, A. & Bailey-Brock, J. H. (2016) Taxonomic remarks on the genus Ctenodrilus (Annelida: Cirratulidae) including description of a new species from the Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa, 4103 (4), 325 - 343. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.4.2" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|
Magalhães
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3058F8F9FEB9F8E5" box="[279,328,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Weidhase
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC335FF8F9FDB8F8E5" box="[528,585,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3388F8F9FCCAF8E5" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[711,827,1836,1859]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3388F8F9FCCAF8E5" box="[711,827,1836,1859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to be related to the multitentaculate genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3468F8FFFEB2F8C1" authority="Lamarck, 1818" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1818" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Cirratulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3468F8FFFA6DF8E5" box="[1319,1436,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Cirratulus</emphasis>
|
|
Lamarck, 1818
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3001F89AFD8EF8C1" authority="Hartman, 1936" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1936" box="[334,639,1870,1895]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Cirriformia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3001F89AFE20F8C1" box="[334,465,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Cirriformia</emphasis>
|
|
Hartman, 1936
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC33FAF89AFC4EF8C1" authority="Kinberg, 1866" authorityName="Kinberg" authorityYear="1866" box="[693,959,1870,1895]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Timarete" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC33FAF89AFCE9F8C0" box="[693,792,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Timarete</emphasis>
|
|
Kinberg, 1866
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Weidhase
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC350CF89AFB8BF8C1" box="[1091,1146,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016). Molecular data on
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC31D8F8A7FEC9F82D" authorityName="Wilfert" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,312,1906,1931]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Aphropharynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC31D8F8A7FEC9F82D" box="[151,312,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Aphropharynx</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is unlikely to become available as this species was collected from an aquarium and it has not been reported again in the literature. The genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC33CFF843FCF5F809" authorityName="Monticelli" authorityYear="1910" box="[640,772,1942,1967]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raphidrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC33CFF843FCF5F809" box="[640,772,1942,1967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raphidrilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was recently reviewed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBFFFCC3576F843FAB6F809" box="[1081,1351,1942,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Magalhaes, W. F., Bailey-Brock, J. H. & Davenport, J. S. (2011) On the genus Raphidrilus Monticelli, 1910 (Polychaeta: Ctenodrilidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 2804, 1 - 14." type="journal article">
|
|
Magalhães
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC35F4F842FB1FF809" box="[1211,1262,1942,1967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (2011)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and its relationship with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBFFFCC3014F869FE3EF875" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[347,463,1980,2003]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBFFFCC3014F869FE3EF875" box="[347,463,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Raricirrus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is limited to the absence of feeding tentacles (which seems to be very labile within the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD31D8FF42FEEEFF16" baseAuthorityName="After Blake" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[151,287,151,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Cirratulidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and the presence of filiform branchiae (also present in most cirratulid genera). The genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD3457FF42FA6DFF16" authorityName="Monticelli" authorityYear="1910" box="[1304,1436,151,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raphidrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBEFFCD3457FF42FA6DFF16" box="[1304,1436,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Raphidrilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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has species with only serrated capillaries and lacking modified chaetae. The only other cirratulid genus sharing these characters is
|
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<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD3031FF34FCFCFF5E" authority="Czerniavsky, 1881" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" box="[382,781,223,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Protocirrineris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D981E034FFBEFFCD3031FF34FDD7FF5E" box="[382,550,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Protocirrineris</emphasis>
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|
Czerniavsky, 1881
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</taxonomicName>
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|
, but differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD32A3FF34FB91FF5E" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[1004,1120,225,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBEFFCD32A3FF34FB91FF5E" box="[1004,1120,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Raricirrus</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the presence of dorsal tentacles. The genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD30C1FED1FD4EFEBB" authority="Blake, 1996" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1996" box="[398,703,260,285]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBEFFCD30C1FED1FDD9FEBB" box="[398,552,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Aphelochaeta</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8F6441D7FFBEFFCD337BFED1FD4EFEBB" author="Blake" box="[564,703,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Chapter 8. Family Cirratulidae Ryckholdt, 1851. Including a revision of the genera and species from the eastern North Pacific in Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and the Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H., (Eds.), The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 263 - 384." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
also lacks modified chaetae but the capillaries are fimbriated. Presently, the validity of the subfamilies
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD3325FEF2FCF3FEE6" authorityName="Kennel" authorityYear="1882" box="[618,770,295,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ctenodrilinae">Ctenodrilinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD3273FEF2FC24FEE6" authorityName="Hartmann-Schröder" authorityYear="1971" box="[828,981,295,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Raphidrilinae">Raphidrilinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
cannot be fully assessed because of the lack of molecular data for the genera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD3317FE99FD2DFEC3" authorityName="Monticelli" authorityYear="1910" box="[600,732,332,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raphidrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBEFFCD3317FE99FD2DFEC3" box="[600,732,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Raphidrilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD3253FE99FC4CFEC3" authorityName="Wilfert" authorityYear="1974" box="[796,957,332,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Aphropharynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBEFFCD3253FE99FC4CFEC3" box="[796,957,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Aphropharynx</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and lack of a cladistics analyses for the cirratulid genera. Further phylogenetic analysis should be performed to verify if all
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD3515FEBAFB03FE2E" authorityName="Kennel" authorityYear="1882" box="[1114,1266,367,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Ctenodrilidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
genera belong within the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD305AFE41FE6EFE0B" baseAuthorityName="After Blake" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[277,415,404,429]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Cirratulidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Here we provide a key to all cirratulid and ctenodrilid genera plus a key to species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CF547A5FFBEFFCD31D8FE6CFEFDFE76" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,268,441,464]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ctenodrilidae" genus="Raricirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D981E034FFBEFFCD31D8FE6CFEFDFE76" box="[151,268,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Raricirrus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |