treatments-xml/data/21/99/95/219995529C8134DF759649D331E8D144.xml
2024-06-21 12:31:17 +02:00

515 lines
54 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5d9d73e2-c94a-416c-b943-c3ab14a22df0" ID-PMC="PMC6041354" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-770-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA0FF981B4D3C194F12F960FFCFFF05" ID-PubMed="30002590" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310213" ID-ZooBank="4D984FDD93664D8B8A8E9D4B3F9B8EFB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-770-43" checkinTime="1530781150282" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neubauer, Thomas A., Velde, Sabrina van de, Yanina, Tamara &amp; Wesselingh, Frank P." docDate="2018" docId="219995529C8134DF759649D331E8D144" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 770: 43-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 770" docPubDate="2018-07-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365" docTitle="Laevicaspia caspia" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFA0FF981B4D3C194F12F960FFCFFF05" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFA0FF981B4D3C194F12F960FFCFFF05" masterDocTitle="A late Pleistocene gastropod fauna from the northern Caspian Sea with implications for Pontocaspian gastropod taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668165966764" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A late Pleistocene gastropod fauna from the northern Caspian Sea with implications for Pontocaspian gastropod taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Neubauer, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 - 32 IFZ, 35392 Giessen, Germany &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Velde, Sabrina van de</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yanina, Tamara</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wesselingh, Frank P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-07-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>770</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>43</mods:start>
<mods:end>103</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-770-43</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4D984FDD93664D8B8A8E9D4B3F9B8EFB</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA0FF981B4D3C194F12F960FFCFFF05</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1310213</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229651" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:219995529C8134DF759649D331E8D144" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/219995529C8134DF759649D331E8D144" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName authority="(Eichwald, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia (Eichwald, 1838)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Pyrgulinae. A-C Laevicaspia caspia (Eichwald, 1838), RGM 1310257 D-F L. caspia, RGM 1310258 G L. caspia, RGM 1310197 H L. caspia, RGM 1310198 I-K L. caspia, LV 201511." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214771" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Fig. 8A-K</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
*1838
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eichwald" authorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Rissoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rissoa caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Rissoa caspia</taxonomicName>
m.; Eichwald: 154-155.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
1841
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eichwald" authorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Rissoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rissoa caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Rissoa caspia</taxonomicName>
- Eichwald: 256-257, pl. 38, figs 14-15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
1853
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Riss.</emphasis>
[
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">oa</emphasis>
]
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">caspia</emphasis>
m. - Eichwald: 273.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
non 1876
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grimm" authorityYear="1876" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Hydrobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrobia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Hydrobia caspia</taxonomicName>
, Eichw. - Grimm: 150-153, pl. 6, fig. 15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
non 1877
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grimm" authorityYear="1876" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Hydrobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrobia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Hydrobia caspia</taxonomicName>
, Eichw. - Grimm: 79-80, pl. 7, figs 3a-d.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
non 1887
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Micromelania caspia</taxonomicName>
Eichw. sp. - W. Dybowski: 21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
non 1888
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micr.</emphasis>
[
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">omelania</emphasis>
]
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">caspia</emphasis>
Eichw. sp. - W. Dybowski: 78, pl. 1, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
? 1896
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">B.</emphasis>
[
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">uliminus</emphasis>
] (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Napaeus</emphasis>
?)
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">goebeli</emphasis>
Westerlund: 188.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
1914
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Micromelania</taxonomicName>
(?)
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nalivkin" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania curta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curta">Micromelania curta</taxonomicName>
Nalivkin: 21-22, 31, pl. 6, figs 1-2 [partim; non figs 3-4, 7, 9-14].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
1914 [
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Micromelania</taxonomicName>
(?)
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nalivkin" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania curta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curta">Micromelania curta</taxonomicName>
] var.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania curta var. plano-convexa" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="curta" variety="plano-convexa">Micromelania curta plano-convexa</taxonomicName>
Nalivkin: 22, 31, pl. 6, figs 15-18.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
non 1914
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Micromelania caspia</taxonomicName>
Eichw. - Nalivkin: 22, 31, pl. 6, figs 5-6 [partim; non fig. 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
non 1917
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Micromelania</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Turricaspia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" authorityYear="1917" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Laevicaspia</taxonomicName>
)
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
Eichw. - B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki: 5-8, 36-38, pl. 1, figs 1-3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
non 1969
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Pyrgula caspia</taxonomicName>
(Eichw.). - Logvinenko &amp; Starobogatov: 369-370, fig. 364 (1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
1987
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T.</emphasis>
[
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">urricaspia</emphasis>
]
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">caspia</emphasis>
(Eichw.). - Alexenko &amp; Starobogatov: 33, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
2006
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Turricaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
(Eichwald, 1838). - Kantor &amp; Sysoev: 106, pl. 49, fig. M.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
2014
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Milaschewitsch" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Euxinipyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euxinipyrgula lincta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lincta">Euxinipyrgula lincta</taxonomicName>
. - Taviani et al.: 4, fig. 3c [non
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milaschewitsch" authorityYear="1908" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania lincta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lincta">Micromelania lincta</taxonomicName>
Milashevich, 1908].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Laevicaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
2016
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">Turricaspia caspia</taxonomicName>
(Eichwald, 1838). - Vinarski &amp; Kantor: 246.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<materialsCitation abbreviationString="LV 201511" accessionNumber="LV 201511" collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectionCode="RGM, LV" prefix="LV" specimenCode="RGM 1309788, RGM 1309789, RGM 1309798, RGM 1310196, RGM 1310257, RGM 1310258, LV 201511" specimenCount="300" type="Arabic" value="201501" valueMax="201750" valueMin="201501" values="201501-201530,201731-201750">
<specimenCount type="generic">300 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode>RGM 1309788</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode>RGM 1309789</specimenCode>
, 1309797,
<specimenCode>RGM 1309798</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode>RGM 1310196</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode>RGM 1310257</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode>RGM 1310258</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode>LV 201511</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectionCode="ZIN" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode collectionName="Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
(No.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
systematic catalogue), designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Alexenko, TL" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="32 - 38" refId="B5" refString="Alexenko, TL, Starobogatov, YaI, 1987. Vidy Caspia i Turricaspia (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Pyrgulidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna. Vestnik Zoologii 21 (3): 32 - 38" title="Vidy Caspia i Turricaspia (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Pyrgulidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna." volume="21" year="1987">Alexenko and Starobogatov (1987)</bibRefCitation>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">&quot;In eodem lapide calcario Dagesthanico, fossilis&quot; (in the same limestone of Dagestan [referring to the previous species, also found in Dagestan], fossil).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dimensions.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
9.01
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.31" unit="mm" value="331.0">3.31 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310257, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Pyrgulinae. A-C Laevicaspia caspia (Eichwald, 1838), RGM 1310257 D-F L. caspia, RGM 1310258 G L. caspia, RGM 1310197 H L. caspia, RGM 1310198 I-K L. caspia, LV 201511." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214771" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">8A-C</figureCitation>
); 7.88
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.31" unit="mm" value="331.0">3.31 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310258, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Pyrgulinae. A-C Laevicaspia caspia (Eichwald, 1838), RGM 1310257 D-F L. caspia, RGM 1310258 G L. caspia, RGM 1310197 H L. caspia, RGM 1310198 I-K L. caspia, LV 201511." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214771" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">8D-F</figureCitation>
); 10.33
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" unit="mm" value="392.0">3.92 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15324" name="Catholic University of Leuven" type="Herbarium">LV</collectionCode>
201511, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Pyrgulinae. A-C Laevicaspia caspia (Eichwald, 1838), RGM 1310257 D-F L. caspia, RGM 1310258 G L. caspia, RGM 1310197 H L. caspia, RGM 1310198 I-K L. caspia, LV 201511." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214771" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">8I-K</figureCitation>
); 9.92
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8299999999999996" unit="mm" value="383.0">3.83 mm</quantity>
; 10.21
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.88" unit="mm" value="388.0">3.88 mm</quantity>
; 9.52
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" unit="mm" value="354.0">3.54 mm</quantity>
; 9.69
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" unit="mm" value="361.0">3.61 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310451" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214771" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Brusina" baseAuthorityYear="1881" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyrgulinae">Pyrgulinae</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A-C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Laevicaspia caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Eichwald, 1838),
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310257
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D-F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310258
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310197
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310198
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">I-K</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, LV 201511.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Large, slender ovoid shell comprising up to 8.3 whorls. Protoconch large, measuring 535-600
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
at 1.15-1.2 whorls, with initial part inflated; nucleus almost immersed, 190-230
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide; nucleus and early protoconch bear intentions of malleate sculpture, which passes into granular surface after half a whorl accompanied by onset of spiral striae; P/T boundary indistinct. Whorl convexity decreasing rapidly: first teleoconch whorl moderately convex, second to last whorl low convex, sometimes almost straight-sided; maximum convexity is in lower half; whorls closely attached, suture narrow; a very small but marked convexity appears at upper suture, producing a faintly stepped spire; occasionally, it is accompanied by shallow abapical concavity. Last whorl makes up 46-50% of shell height, passing over regular but weakly convex to near straight-sided to slightly concave base. Aperture slender ovoid, inclined, closely attached to preceding whorl; in latest ontogeny, shell growth is more abapically directed, resulting in marked thickening at adapical tip. Peristome simple, thin, slightly expanded and indented at base; distinctly and regularly sigmoidal in lateral view, with upper half broadly indented and lower half broadly protruding; inner lip protrudes in lateral view, extending sheet-like over base of penultimate whorl; umbilicus mostly closed, rarely very narrow, slit-like. Growth lines weakly sigmoidal: strongly prosocline in upper half, weakly opisthocline in lower half. Several specimens show faint spiral threads on last and penultimate whorls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Different concepts of this species previously applied have led to considerable confusion about its real identity. This is partly rooted in the description and illustration provided by
<bibRefCitation author="Eichwald, E" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="125 - 174" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41342125" refId="B35" refString="Eichwald, E, 1838. Faunae Caspii Maris primitiae. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 11 (2): 125 - 174, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41342125" title="Faunae Caspii Maris primitiae." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41342125" volume="11" year="1838">Eichwald (1838</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Eichwald, E" journalOrPublisher="Nouveaux Memoires de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 290" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33163057" refId="B36" refString="Eichwald, E, 1841. Fauna Caspio-Caucasica nonnullis observationibus novis illustravit. Nouveaux Memoires de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 7: 1 - 290, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33163057" title="Fauna Caspio-Caucasica nonnullis observationibus novis illustravit." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33163057" volume="7" year="1841">1841</bibRefCitation>
) that were insufficient to allow safe discrimination from similar species. For instance,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Grimm, OA" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Aralo-Kaspiyskoy Ekspeditsii" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 168" publicationUrl="http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/hist/2_grimm.pdf" refId="B50" refString="Grimm, OA, 1876. Kaspiyskoye more i yego fauna. Tetrad' 1. Trudy Aralo-Kaspiyskoy Ekspeditsii 2: 1 - 168, http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/hist/2_grimm.pdf" title="Kaspiyskoye more i yego fauna. Tetrad' 1." url="http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/hist/2_grimm.pdf" volume="2" year="1876">Grimm (1876</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Grimm, OA" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Aralo-Kaspiyskoy Ekspeditsii" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 105" publicationUrl="http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/hist/2_grimm.pdf" refId="B51" refString="Grimm, OA, 1877. Kaspiyskoye more i yego fauna. Tetrad' 2. Trudy Aralo-Kaspiyskoy Ekspeditsii 2 (2): 1 - 105, http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/hist/2_grimm.pdf" title="Kaspiyskoye more i yego fauna. Tetrad' 2." url="http://www.cawater-info.net/library/rus/hist/2_grimm.pdf" volume="2" year="1877">1877</bibRefCitation>
), W.
<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, W" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35483241" refId="B34" refString="Dybowski, W, 1887-1888. Die Gasteropoden-Fauna des Kaspischen Meeres. Nach der Sammlung des Akademikers Dr. K. E. v. Baer. Malakozoologische Blaetter (Neue Folge) 10(1-3): 1-64 [issue 1, 1887], 65-79 [issue 2, 1888], pl. 1-3 [issue 3, 1888]. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35483241" title="Die Gasteropoden-Fauna des Kaspischen Meeres. Nach der Sammlung des Akademikers Dr. K. E. v. Baer. Malakozoologische Blaetter (Neue Folge) 10 (1 - 3): 1 - 64 [issue 1, 1887], 65 - 79 [issue 2, 1888], pl. 1 - 3 [issue 3, 1888]." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35483241" year="1887 - 1888">Dybowski (1887-1888)</bibRefCitation>
and B.
<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, B" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 55" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" refId="B33" refString="Dybowski, B, Grochmalicki, J, 1917. Studien ueber die turmfoermigen Schnecken des Baikalsees und des Kaspimeeres (Turribaicaliinae - Turricaspiinae). Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 9 (3): 1 - 55, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" title="Studien ueber die turmfoermigen Schnecken des Baikalsees und des Kaspimeeres (Turribaicaliinae - Turricaspiinae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" volume="9" year="1917">Dybowski and Grochmalicki (1917)</bibRefCitation>
differs from the present species in the acute apex, the moderately convex whorls, the deep suture and the thin peristome. As already noted by
<bibRefCitation author="Alexenko, TL" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="32 - 38" refId="B5" refString="Alexenko, TL, Starobogatov, YaI, 1987. Vidy Caspia i Turricaspia (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Pyrgulidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna. Vestnik Zoologii 21 (3): 32 - 38" title="Vidy Caspia i Turricaspia (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Pyrgulidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna." volume="21" year="1987">Alexenko and Starobogatov (1987)</bibRefCitation>
, it represents a different species, i.e.,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Milaschewitsch" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia lincta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Laevicaspia lincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Milashevich, 1908). That species was described from Lake Katlabukh near the Danube delta in Ukraine (
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
, which matches
<normalizedToken originalValue="Milashevichs">Milashevich's</normalizedToken>
description, is illustrated in
<bibRefCitation author="Kantor, YuI" journalOrPublisher="KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B58" refString="Kantor, YuI, Sysoev, AV, 2006. Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" title="Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog." year="2006">Kantor and Sysoev 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 95, pl. 45, fig. D; as
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Milaschewitsch" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Euxinipyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euxinipyrgula lincta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Euxinipyrgula lincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Specimens from the Neoeuxinian (late Pleistocene) of the Marmara Sea identified as
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. lincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lincta">E. cf. lincta</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.05.045" author="Taviani, M" journalOrPublisher="Quaternary International" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="11 - 17" refId="B113" refString="Taviani, M, Angeletti, L, Cagatay, MN, Gasperini, L, Polonia, A, Wesselingh, FP, 2014. Sedimentary and faunal signatures of the post-glacial marine drowning of the Pontocaspian Gemlik &quot;lake&quot; (Sea of Marmara). Quaternary International 345: 11 - 17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.05.045" title="Sedimentary and faunal signatures of the post-glacial marine drowning of the Pontocaspian Gemlik &quot; lake &quot; (Sea of Marmara)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.05.045" volume="345" year="2014">Taviani et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
differ from that species in the near straight-sided whorls and thickened peristome; in fact, the material corresponds well to
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Nalivkin, DV" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Geologicheskogo Komiteta, novaya seriya" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 32" refId="B74" refString="Nalivkin, DV, 1914. Mollyuski gory bakinskogo yarusa. Trudy Geologicheskogo Komiteta, novaya seriya 116: 1 - 32" title="Mollyuski gory bakinskogo yarusa." volume="116" year="1914">Nalivkin (1914)</bibRefCitation>
comprises at least two species, both being more elongate, having more whorls and relatively smaller last whorls than
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In turn, some of the illustrated
<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
of &quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Naliwkin" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula curta" order="Mesogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Pyrgula curta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nalivkin, 1914 and the variety &quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nalivkin" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania curta subsp. var. var. planoconvexa" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="curta" subSpecies="var." variety="planoconvexa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania curta var. planoconvexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nalivkin, 1914 from Bakunian deposits of Shikhovo, Apsheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan, closely resemble the present species and are thus (partly) considered synonymous. &quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brusina" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nalivkin" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania curta" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania curta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
encompasses a great variability of shapes, ranging from slender, elongate (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-
<typeStatus>type</typeStatus>
) to broad, conical shells. Since no
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
or
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
have been designated, the status of this species is unresolved at present. Note that
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Naliwkin" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula curta" order="Mesogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Pyrgula curta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Logvinenko, BM" editor="Birshtein, YaA" journalOrPublisher="Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="308 - 385" refId="B70" refString="Logvinenko, BM, Starobogatov, YaI, 1969. Mollusca. In: Birshtein, YaA, Vinogradov, LG, Kondakov, NN, Kuhn, MS, Astakhova, TV, Romanova, NN, Eds., Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya. Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva: 308 - 385" title="Mollusca." volumeTitle="Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya." year="1969">Logvinenko and Starobogatov (1969)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation author="Kantor, YuI" journalOrPublisher="KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B58" refString="Kantor, YuI, Sysoev, AV, 2006. Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" title="Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog." year="2006">Kantor and Sysoev (2006)</bibRefCitation>
does not correspond to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nalivkins">Nalivkin's</normalizedToken>
species but rather to the specimens
<bibRefCitation author="Nalivkin, DV" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Geologicheskogo Komiteta, novaya seriya" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 32" refId="B74" refString="Nalivkin, DV, 1914. Mollyuski gory bakinskogo yarusa. Trudy Geologicheskogo Komiteta, novaya seriya 116: 1 - 32" title="Mollyuski gory bakinskogo yarusa." volume="116" year="1914">Nalivkin (1914)</bibRefCitation>
misidentified as
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Similarly,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula caspia" order="Mesogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Pyrgula caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Logvinenko, BM" editor="Birshtein, YaA" journalOrPublisher="Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="308 - 385" refId="B70" refString="Logvinenko, BM, Starobogatov, YaI, 1969. Mollusca. In: Birshtein, YaA, Vinogradov, LG, Kondakov, NN, Kuhn, MS, Astakhova, TV, Romanova, NN, Eds., Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya. Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva: 308 - 385" title="Mollusca." volumeTitle="Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya." year="1969">Logvinenko and Starobogatov (1969)</bibRefCitation>
is a quite different species, showing highly convex whorls and an inflated last whorl. It rather ranges within the morphological variability of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Issel" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia meneghiniana" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="meneghiniana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Turricaspia meneghiniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<bibRefCitation author="Alexenko, TL" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="32 - 38" refId="B5" refString="Alexenko, TL, Starobogatov, YaI, 1987. Vidy Caspia i Turricaspia (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Pyrgulidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna. Vestnik Zoologii 21 (3): 32 - 38" title="Vidy Caspia i Turricaspia (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Pyrgulidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna." volume="21" year="1987">Alexenko and Starobogatov (1987)</bibRefCitation>
finally brought stability to the identity of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by designating a
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
(see
<bibRefCitation author="Kantor, YuI" journalOrPublisher="KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B58" refString="Kantor, YuI, Sysoev, AV, 2006. Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" title="Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog." year="2006">Kantor and Sysoev 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 106, pl. 49, fig. A; as
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eichwald" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia caspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Turricaspia caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), which matches well our specimens. The label accompanying their specimen reads &quot;Kaspiyskoye more&quot; (&quot;Caspian Sea&quot;), which differs from the information provided by Eichwald (Dagestan) (see also discussion in
<bibRefCitation author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B121" refString="Vinarski, MV, Kantor, YuI, 2016. Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" title="Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N." year="2016">Vinarski and Kantor 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 246). Inspection of the catalogue of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (
<collectionCode collectionName="Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
), however, confirmed that the
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
is based on
<normalizedToken originalValue="Eichwalds">Eichwald's</normalizedToken>
original material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
The similar
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Laevicaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laevicaspia iljinae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iljinae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Laevicaspia iljinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1966) from Holocene deposits of the Crimean Peninsula can be distinguished in its more slender shape and the spruce-like whorl outline (i.e., steep, straight-sided upper two-thirds passing over convexity into flatter, convex lower third; see also
<bibRefCitation author="Kantor, YuI" journalOrPublisher="KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B58" refString="Kantor, YuI, Sysoev, AV, 2006. Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" title="Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog." year="2006">Kantor and Sysoev 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 108, pl. 49, fig. D).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Endemic to the Caspian Sea (
<bibRefCitation author="Logvinenko, BM" editor="Birshtein, YaA" journalOrPublisher="Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="308 - 385" refId="B70" refString="Logvinenko, BM, Starobogatov, YaI, 1969. Mollusca. In: Birshtein, YaA, Vinogradov, LG, Kondakov, NN, Kuhn, MS, Astakhova, TV, Romanova, NN, Eds., Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya. Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva: 308 - 385" title="Mollusca." volumeTitle="Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya." year="1969">Logvinenko and Starobogatov 1969</bibRefCitation>
stated that the species occurs at a depth of
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="90.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="30.0">30-150 m</quantity>
in the middle and southern Caspian Sea, but these data have to be revised given their incorrect concept of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. caspia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caspia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L. caspia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>