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<mods:title id="0AC58846234AB76847B00B4CE138E24C">Phylogenetic placement of Carrhotus Thorell, 1891 with three new species from Sri Lanka (Araneae: Salticidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BAF36D8FF0AF028B3B8C8AA60B654E62">Benjamin, Suresh P.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD6717B506E25DCE44311" blockId="17.[603,984,264,326]" box="[608,980,264,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71DD6717B506E25DCE44311" ID-CoL="992H6" authority="Caleb, 2020" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[608,980,264,291]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD6717B506E25DC0E4311" bold="true" box="[608,830,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Carrhotus silanthi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="845E4B17A71DD6717A766E24DCE44311" author="Caleb J. T. D. &amp; Bera C. &amp; Acharya S." box="[838,980,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" pagination="51 - 66" refId="ref12978" refString="Caleb J. T. D., Bera C. &amp; Acharya S. 2020. New species and synonymies in the genus Carrhotus Thorell, 1891 from India (Aranei: Salticidae: Salticini). Arthropoda Selecta 29 (1): 51 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / arthsel. 29.1.04" type="journal article" year="2020">Caleb, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A8D5656DA71DD6717B6B6E01DCE84374" box="[603,984,300,326]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="description">
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD6717B6B6E01DCE84374" blockId="17.[603,984,264,326]" box="[603,984,300,326]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71DD6717B6B6E01DDD74374" box="[603,743,300,326]" captionStart="Fig 10" captionStartId="17.[189,230,1955,1981]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1085,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-190@17.[189,1398,1085,1917]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig 10. Photographs of live Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020, males. AC. From Giants Tank Sanctuary. DF. From Ussangoda." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518331/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Figs 10AF</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71DD6717BC26E01DC7B4374" box="[754,843,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">11AH</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71DD6717A666E01DC804374" box="[854,944,300,326]" captionStart="Fig 12" captionStartId="20.[189,230,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,532,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[189,1398,515,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig 12. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020.AB. Palp.A. Ventral view.B. Retrolateral view.CD. Epigynum. C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland; E = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermatheca; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AB = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518342/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">12AD</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71DD6717A8B6E01DCE84374" box="[955,984,300,326]" captionStart="Fig 17" captionStartId="28.[189,230,1982,2008]" captionTargetBox="[189,1382,719,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-115@28.[189,1397,718,1944]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig 17. Distribution of Carrhotus spp. of Sri Lanka." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518352/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">17</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD671798D6E43DCAC43BA" blockId="17.[189,924,365,392]" box="[189,924,365,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C0DF11C8A71DD671798D6E43DCAC43BA" box="[189,924,365,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71DD671798D6E43DED043BA" ID-CoL="992H6" authority="Caleb" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[189,480,366,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671798D6E43DEA443BA" box="[189,404,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Carrhotus silanthi</emphasis>
Caleb
</taxonomicName>
in
<treatmentCitation id="616E10F7A71DD6717B366E43DC3543BA" author="Caleb J. T. D. &amp; Bera C. &amp; Acharya S." box="[518,773,365,392]" page="58" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="845E4B17A71DD6717B366E43DC3543BA" author="Caleb J. T. D. &amp; Bera C. &amp; Acharya S." box="[518,773,365,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" pagination="51 - 66" refId="ref12978" refString="Caleb J. T. D., Bera C. &amp; Acharya S. 2020. New species and synonymies in the genus Carrhotus Thorell, 1891 from India (Aranei: Salticidae: Salticini). Arthropoda Selecta 29 (1): 51 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / arthsel. 29.1.04" type="journal article" year="2020">
Caleb
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD6717B616E43DDB543BA" box="[593,645,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
., 2020: 58
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, Figs 3356.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A8D5656DA71DD671798D6E82DE9740B6" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
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<heading id="BB38818AA71DD671798D6E82DE0643FB" bold="true" box="[189,310,431,457]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671798D6E82DE0643FB" bold="true" box="[189,310,431,457]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD671798D6EF0DE9740B6" blockId="17.[189,1401,477,644]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
Males of
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71DD671781E6EF3DE9943C5" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[302,425,477,504]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671781E6EF3DE9943C5" box="[302,425,477,504]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">C. silanthi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from other congeners by having the RTA markedly hook-shaped, slanted ventrally, and the distally pointed acuminate embolus (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71DD6717A876D2CDB764029" box="[951,1094,513,539]" captionStart="Fig 12" captionStartId="20.[189,230,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,532,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[189,1398,515,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig 12. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020.AB. Palp.A. Ventral view.B. Retrolateral view.CD. Epigynum. C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland; E = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermatheca; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AB = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518342/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Fig. 12AB</figureCitation>
). Females can be readily separated from those of
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71DD67178D16D09DDBE400C" authority="Satkunanathan &amp; Benjamin, 2022" authorityName="Satkunanathan &amp; Benjamin" authorityYear="2022" box="[481,654,548,574]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albosetosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD67178D16D09DDBE400C" box="[481,654,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">C. albosetosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C988578FA71DD6717BA76D08DDC3400D" box="[663,755,549,575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the prominent ML and the position of the opening of the accessory glands on the internal spermathecal walls, close to the base of the copulatory ducts (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71DD67179F56D47DE0440B6" box="[197,308,618,644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Figs 11G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71DD67178716D47DEAA40B6" box="[321,410,618,644]" captionStart="Fig 12" captionStartId="20.[189,230,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,532,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[189,1398,515,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig 12. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020.AB. Palp.A. Ventral view.B. Retrolateral view.CD. Epigynum. C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland; E = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermatheca; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AB = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518342/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">12CD</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A8D5656DA71DD673798D6D81DDDE4374" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD671798D6D81DE5C40F4" blockId="17.[189,364,684,710]" box="[189,364,684,710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<heading id="BB38818AA71DD671798D6D81DE5C40F4" bold="true" box="[189,364,684,710]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671798D6D81DE5C40F4" bold="true" box="[189,364,684,710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<typeStatus id="3F748844A71DD671798D6D81DFCA40F4" box="[189,250,684,710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD671798D6DF7DDE34109" blockId="17.[189,1398,730,828]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71DD671798D6DF7DED740C6" authority="Caleb" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[189,487,730,756]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671798D6DF7DEA840C6" box="[189,408,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Carrhotus silanthi</emphasis>
Caleb
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="845E4B17A71DD6717B246DF7DC1140C7" author="Caleb J. T. D. &amp; Bera C. &amp; Acharya S." box="[532,801,730,757]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" pagination="51 - 66" refId="ref12978" refString="Caleb J. T. D., Bera C. &amp; Acharya S. 2020. New species and synonymies in the genus Carrhotus Thorell, 1891 from India (Aranei: Salticidae: Salticini). Arthropoda Selecta 29 (1): 51 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / arthsel. 29.1.04" type="journal article" year="2020">
Caleb
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD6717B536DF6DDAA40C6" box="[611,666,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
., 2020: 58
</bibRefCitation>
, Figs 3356 (male
<typeStatus id="3F748844A71DD6717D206DF7DB4740C6" box="[1040,1143,730,756]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and female
<typeStatus id="3F748844A71DD6717C216DF6DA4640C7" box="[1297,1398,731,757]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from Madras Christian College, Tambaram, Chennai,
<collectingCountry id="98D87676A71DD6717A076DD0DC464125" box="[823,886,765,791]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">India</collectingCountry>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="86DEAE23A71DD6717D286DD3DBBC412A" box="[1048,1164,766,792]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">NZC-ZSI</collectionCode>
, Kolkata (
<collectionCode id="86DEAE23A71DD6717C346DD3DA46412A" box="[1284,1398,766,792]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">NZC-ZSI</collectionCode>
6939/18,
<collectionCode id="86DEAE23A71DD671781C6C0CDEAC4109" box="[300,412,801,827]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">NZC-ZSI</collectionCode>
6940/18)). Not examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD671798D6C4FDE9A414E" blockId="17.[189,426,866,892]" box="[189,426,866,892]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<heading id="BB38818AA71DD671798D6C4FDE9A414E" bold="true" box="[189,426,866,892]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671798D6C4FDE9A414E" bold="true" box="[189,426,866,892]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD672798D6CBCDA474382" blockId="17.[189,1398,911,1010]" lastBlockId="18.[188,1399,264,433]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<materialsCitation id="50A73CBBA71DD671798D6CBCDE7341C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762961312" collectingDate="2017-07-12" collectingMethod="beating" collectionCode="FR" collectorName="N. Athukorala &amp; I. S. IIeperuma Arachchi" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="122" latitude="7.1855555" location="Nilgala" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="81.40667" municipality="Monaragala District" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" specimenCode="NIFS_SAL_1042, SAL_1043" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Uva Province">
<collectingCountry id="98D87676A71DD671798D6CBCDE674199" box="[189,343,913,939]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD67178466CBCDD2E4198" bold="true" box="[374,542,912,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<collectingRegion id="220BF804A71DD67178466CBCDD2E4198" box="[374,542,912,939]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Uva" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Uva Province</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71DD6717B086CBCDD564199" box="[568,614,913,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71DD6717B446CBCDD914199" box="[628,673,913,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="0014AC9CA71DD6717B806CBCDCAF4199" box="[688,927,913,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Monaragala District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E510603DA71DD6717A9B6CBCDB314199" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:686687F0A71DD6747B506E25DB2243AA:E510603DA71DD6717A9B6CBCDB314199" box="[939,1025,913,939]" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="7.1855555" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="81.40667" municipality="Monaragala District" name="Nilgala" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" stateProvince="Uva Province">Nilgala</location>
<collectionCode id="86DEAE23A71DD6717D396CBCDB004199" box="[1033,1072,913,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">FR</collectionCode>
;
<geoCoordinate id="85FB5021A71DD6717D0D6CA2DBE24199" box="[1085,1234,911,939]" degrees="07" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" precision="15" seconds="08" value="7.1855555">07°1108″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="85FB5021A71DD6717DEE6CA2DA414199" box="[1246,1393,911,939]" degrees="81" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" precision="15" seconds="24" value="81.40667">81°2424″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="27379B03A71DD671798D6C99DE3941FC" box="[189,265,948,974]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="122.0">
<elevation id="6BE2D1D5A71DD671798D6C99DE3941FC" box="[189,265,948,974]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="122.0">122 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l;
<date id="94711026A71DD67178616C99DED741FC" box="[337,487,948,974]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" value="2017-07-12">
<collectingDate id="8435E9CEA71DD67178616C99DED741FC" box="[337,487,948,974]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" value="2017-07-12">12 Jul. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="4D3A5330A71DD67178C56C99DDAC41FC" box="[501,668,948,974]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">N. Athukorala</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="4D3A5330A71DD6717BE86C99DCC541FC" box="[728,1013,948,974]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">I.S. IIeperuma Arachchi</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="398E4EF1A71DD6717D096C99DBA341FC" box="[1081,1171,948,974]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">beating</collectingMethod>
;
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71DD6717D906C99DA4241FC" box="[1184,1394,948,974]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">NIFS_SAL_1042</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71DD671798E6CFADE7341C3" box="[190,323,983,1009]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">SAL_1043</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="50A73CBBA71DD672785F6CFADE1E4375" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762961330" collectingDate="2016-06-14" collectingMethod="beating" collectionCode="NIFS" collectorName="N. Athukorala" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="119" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="96" latitude="8.349722" location="Mihintale Sanctuary" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.505554" municipality="Anuradhapura District" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" specimenCode="NIFS_SAL_824, SAL_825" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="North Central Province">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671785F6CFADD9341C3" bold="true" box="[367,675,983,1009]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<collectingRegion id="220BF804A71DD671785F6CFADD9341C3" box="[367,675,983,1009]" country="Sri Lanka" name="North Central" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">North Central Province</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71DD6717BF96CFADDCD41C0" box="[713,765,983,1010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71DD6717A206CFADC7441C0" box="[784,836,983,1010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="0014AC9CA71DD6717A676CFADB5741C3" box="[855,1127,983,1009]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Anuradhapura District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E510603DA71DD6717D496CFADA4241C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:686687F0A71DD6747B506E25DB2243AA:E510603DA71DD6717D496CFADA4241C3" box="[1145,1394,983,1009]" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="8.349722" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.505554" municipality="Anuradhapura District" name="Mihintale Sanctuary" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" stateProvince="North Central Province">Mihintale Sanctuary</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="85FB5021A71ED672798D6E25DE614316" box="[189,337,264,292]" degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" precision="15" seconds="59" value="8.349722">08°2059″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="85FB5021A71ED672786C6E25DEDD4316" box="[348,493,264,292]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" precision="15" seconds="20" value="80.505554">80°3020″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="27379B03A71ED67278C96E24DD714316" box="[505,577,265,292]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="119.0">
<elevation id="6BE2D1D5A71ED67278C96E24DD714316" box="[505,577,265,292]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="119.0">119 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l;
<date id="94711026A71ED6727BB46E24DC2B4311" box="[644,795,265,292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" value="2016-06-14">
<collectingDate id="8435E9CEA71ED6727BB46E24DC2B4311" box="[644,795,265,292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" value="2016-06-14">14 Jun. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="4D3A5330A71ED6727A166E27DCFB4311" box="[806,971,265,292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">N. Athukorala</collectorName>
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727AE16E27DB3B4311" box="[977,1035,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">et al.</emphasis>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="398E4EF1A71ED6727D7A6E24DB944311" box="[1098,1188,265,291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">beating</collectingMethod>
;
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71ED6727D9F6E24DA424311" box="[1199,1394,265,291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">NIFS_SAL_824</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71ED672798C6E01DE1E4375" box="[188,302,300,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">SAL_825</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="50A73CBBA71ED672787D6E01DDC34358" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762961331" collectingDate="2017-04-24" collectingMethod="beating" collectionCode="FR" collectorName="N. Kanesharatnam" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="0" latitude="8.449445" location="Kok-ebe" municipality="Allepothana" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" specimenCode="NIFS_SAL_1032" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="North Central">
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71ED672787D6E01DEB14375" box="[333,385,300,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="0014AC9CA71ED67278BF6E01DD114374" box="[399,545,300,326]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">Allepothana</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E510603DA71ED6727B006E01DDA54374" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:686687F0A71DD6747B506E25DB2243AA:E510603DA71ED6727B006E01DDA54374" box="[560,661,300,326]" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="8.449445" municipality="Allepothana" name="Kok-ebe" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="North Central">Kok-ebe</location>
<collectionCode id="86DEAE23A71ED6727BAF6E00DDF64375" box="[671,710,301,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">FR</collectionCode>
; 08°2658″ N, 80°4639 E;
<elevation id="6BE2D1D5A71ED6727D2D6E01DBA84374" box="[1053,1176,300,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">
<quantity id="27379B03A71ED6727D2D6E01DB6C4375" box="[1053,1116,300,327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="88.0">88 m</quantity>
a.s.l
</elevation>
;
<date id="94711026A71ED6727D996E01DA7B4374" box="[1193,1355,300,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" value="2017-04-24">
<collectingDate id="8435E9CEA71ED6727D996E01DA7B4374" box="[1193,1355,300,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" value="2017-04-24">24 Apr. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="4D3A5330A71ED6727C6A6E00DE43435B" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">N. Kanesharatnam</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="398E4EF1A71ED67278896E62DD23435B" box="[441,531,335,361]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">beating</collectingMethod>
;
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71ED6727B106E7DDDC34358" box="[544,755,336,362]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">NIFS_SAL_1032</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="50A73CBBA71ED6727A296E7DDED54382" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762961326" collectingDate="2018-04-04" collectingMethod="beating" collectionCode="NIFS" collectorName="S. P. Benjamin" country="Sri Lanka" county="Mannar District" elevation="27" location="Site 1" municipality="Giant's Tank Sanctuary" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" specimenCode="NIFS_ SAL_1137 to SAL_1139" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Northern Province">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727A296E7DDB35435B" bold="true" box="[793,1029,335,362]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">
<collectingRegion id="220BF804A71ED6727A296E7DDB35435B" box="[793,1029,335,362]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Northern" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">Northern Province</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71ED6727D106E7DDB564358" box="[1056,1126,336,362]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71ED6727D446E7DDB934358" box="[1140,1187,336,362]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="09114E6AA71ED6727D836E7DDA42435B" box="[1203,1394,335,362]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">Mannar District</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0014AC9CA71ED672798D6E5EDEE743BF" box="[189,471,371,397]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">Giants Tank Sanctuary</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="E510603DA71ED67278DA6E5EDD0343BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:686687F0A71DD6747B506E25DB2243AA:E510603DA71ED67278DA6E5EDD0343BF" box="[490,563,371,397]" country="Sri Lanka" county="Mannar District" municipality="Giant's Tank Sanctuary" name="Site 1" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Northern Province">Site 1</location>
);
<quantity id="27379B03A71ED6727B606E5EDDA043BF" box="[592,656,371,397]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="27.0">
<elevation id="6BE2D1D5A71ED6727B606E5EDDA043BF" box="[592,656,371,397]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l;
<date id="94711026A71ED6727BED6E5EDC4243BF" box="[733,882,371,397]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" value="2018-04-04">
<collectingDate id="8435E9CEA71ED6727BED6E5EDC4243BF" box="[733,882,371,397]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" value="2018-04-04">4 Apr. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="4D3A5330A71ED6727AB26E5EDB1B43BF" box="[898,1067,371,397]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">S.P. Benjamin</collectorName>
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727D066E59DB5E43BF" box="[1078,1134,371,397]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
. leg.;
<collectingMethod id="398E4EF1A71ED6727D8F6E5EDA2943BF" box="[1215,1305,371,397]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">beating</collectingMethod>
;
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71ED6727C186E5EDED54382" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">NIFS_ SAL_1137 to SAL_1139</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="50A73CBBA71ED6727B316EBBDA474382" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762961334" box="[513,1399,406,433]" collectingDate="2018-04-04" collectingMethod="beating" collectionCode="NIFS" collectorName="S. P. Benjamin" country="Sri Lanka" county="Mannar District" elevation="27" location="Southern" municipality="Giant's Tank Sanctuary" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" specimenCode="NIFS_SAL_1162" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Northern">
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71ED6727B316EBBDD004383" box="[513,560,406,433]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71ED6727D3D6EBBDBEF4382" box="[1037,1247,406,432]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">NIFS_SAL_1162</specimenCode>
.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727C336EBBDA474382" bold="true" box="[1283,1399,406,432]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">Southern</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="B4B0666EA71DD671798D688EDEE145D2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518331" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6518331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518331/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" startId="17.[189,230,1955,1981]" targetBox="[189,1398,1085,1917]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71DD671798D688EDEE145D2" blockId="17.[189,1399,1955,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671798D688EDE3A458F" bold="true" box="[189,266,1955,1981]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Fig 10</emphasis>
. Photographs of live
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71DD6717B38688EDC48458F" authority="Caleb, 2020" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[520,888,1955,1981]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD6717B38688EDDEF458F" box="[520,735,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">Carrhotus silanthi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="845E4B17A71DD6717BD7688EDC48458F" author="Caleb J. T. D. &amp; Bera C. &amp; Acharya S." box="[743,888,1955,1981]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95" pagination="51 - 66" refId="ref12978" refString="Caleb J. T. D., Bera C. &amp; Acharya S. 2020. New species and synonymies in the genus Carrhotus Thorell, 1891 from India (Aranei: Salticidae: Salticini). Arthropoda Selecta 29 (1): 51 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / arthsel. 29.1.04" type="journal article" year="2020">Caleb, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, males.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD6717AE7688EDB20458F" bold="true" box="[983,1040,1955,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">AC</emphasis>
. From Giants Tank Sanctuary.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71DD671798D68EADFC345D3" bold="true" box="[189,243,1991,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="95">DF</emphasis>
. From Ussangoda.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B4B0666EA71ED672798D6811DD9645D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" startId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" targetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71ED672798D6811DD9645D6" blockId="18.[188,1399,1852,2020]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED672798D6811DE104565" bold="true" box="[189,288,1852,1879]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71ED672781F6810DD884565" authority="Caleb, 2020" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[303,696,1853,1879]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED672781F6810DD3F4565" box="[303,527,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">Carrhotus silanthi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="845E4B17A71ED6727B2F6810DD884565" author="Caleb J. T. D. &amp; Bera C. &amp; Acharya S." box="[543,696,1853,1879]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96" pagination="51 - 66" refId="ref12978" refString="Caleb J. T. D., Bera C. &amp; Acharya S. 2020. New species and synonymies in the genus Carrhotus Thorell, 1891 from India (Aranei: Salticidae: Salticini). Arthropoda Selecta 29 (1): 51 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / arthsel. 29.1.04" type="journal article" year="2020">Caleb, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727BFC6811DC334564" bold="true" box="[716,771,1852,1878]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">AB</emphasis>
. Male habitus.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727AE26811DCD74564" bold="true" box="[978,999,1852,1878]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">A</emphasis>
. Dorsal view.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727D9A6810DB8E4565" bold="true" box="[1194,1214,1853,1879]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">B</emphasis>
. Ventral view.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED672798D684DDFC64548" bold="true" box="[189,246,1888,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">CD</emphasis>
. Female habitus.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED67278E3684DDED84548" bold="true" box="[467,488,1888,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">C</emphasis>
. Dorsal view.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727BAF684DDD844548" bold="true" box="[671,692,1888,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">D</emphasis>
. Ventral view.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727A40684DDC9A4548" bold="true" box="[880,938,1888,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">EH</emphasis>
. Palp.
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727D34684DDB074548" bold="true" box="[1028,1079,1888,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">EF</emphasis>
. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F).
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71ED6727D6C68AEDBA945AF" bold="true" box="[1116,1177,1923,1949]" pageId="18" pageNumber="96">GH</emphasis>
. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6E24DDDE4374" blockId="19.[189,1398,263,326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD673798D6E24DE1B4311" bold="true" box="[189,299,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Province</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="50A73CBBA71FD67378796E24DDD94374" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762961315" collectingDate="2017-11-22" collectingMethod="beating" collectionCode="NIFS" collectorName="Ussangoda NP &amp; S. P. Benjamin" latitude="6.095278" location="Hambantota District" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.987495" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" specimenCode="NIFS_SAL_1116" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA71FD67378796E24DE4A4311" box="[329,378,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<location id="E510603DA71FD67378B96E24DD4D4311" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:686687F0A71DD6747B506E25DB2243AA:E510603DA71FD67378B96E24DD4D4311" box="[393,637,265,291]" latitude="6.095278" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.987495" name="Hambantota District" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Hambantota District</location>
,
<collectorName id="4D3A5330A71FD6737BBA6E24DC0E4311" box="[650,830,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Ussangoda NP</collectorName>
;
<geoCoordinate id="85FB5021A71FD6737A7C6E2ADCD44311" box="[844,996,263,291]" degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" precision="15" seconds="43" value="6.095278">06°0543″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="85FB5021A71FD6737AC26E2ADBB74311" box="[1010,1159,263,291]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" precision="15" seconds="15" value="80.987495">80°5915″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="94711026A71FD6737DA66E24DA0C4311" box="[1174,1340,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" value="2017-11-22">
<collectingDate id="8435E9CEA71FD6737DA66E24DA0C4311" box="[1174,1340,265,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" value="2017-11-22">22 Nov. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="4D3A5330A71FD6737C7A6E24DE1F4374" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">S.P. Benjamin</collectorName>
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD67378066E00DE414374" box="[310,369,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="398E4EF1A71FD67378836E01DD3D4374" box="[435,525,300,326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">beating</collectingMethod>
;
<specimenCode id="B0699E9DA71FD6737B296E01DDD94374" box="[537,745,300,326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">NIFS_SAL_1116</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A8D5656DA71FD673798D6E40DA4645E6" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" type="description">
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6E40DDC343BB" blockId="19.[189,755,365,393]" box="[189,755,365,393]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD673798D6E40DE7E43B5" bold="true" box="[189,334,365,391]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Description</emphasis>
(based on material from
<collectingCountry id="98D87676A71FD6737B466E43DDDA43BB" box="[630,746,366,393]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD67379DA6EB1DE1A4384" blockId="19.[189,1399,412,580]" box="[234,298,412,438]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD67379DA6EB1DE1A4384" bold="true" box="[234,298,412,438]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6EEDDA2B4071" blockId="19.[189,1399,412,580]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">MEASUREMENTS. TL 4.8, PL 2.16, PW at PLEs 1.786,AL 2.19, AW 1.44. Eye field: diameter of AME 0.44; ALE 0.26; PME 0.12; PLE 0.24; PMEPME 1.68; PLEPLE 1.44; ALEPME 0.36; ALEPLE 0.6. Leg I: Tr 1.2, Fm 0.82, Pt 0.78, Tb 1.22, Mt 0.62; Leg II: Tr 1.48, Fm 0.42, Pt 0.62, Tb 1.02, Mt 0.56; Leg III: Tr 1, Fm 0.7, Pt 0.72, Tb 1.06, Mt 0.5; Leg IV: Tr 0.84, Fm 0.6, Pt 1, Tb 1.02, Mt 0.62.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6D47DBB44635" blockId="19.[186,1401,618,1031]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
COLOR AND BODY. In live spiders, both sexes look similar in general body colour pattern and are clothed with iridescent hairs. Colour varies from metallic sheen to bronze-green as shown in
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737D5A6DA0DBC6409A" box="[1130,1270,653,680]" captionStart="Fig 10" captionStartId="17.[189,230,1955,1981]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1085,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-190@17.[189,1398,1085,1917]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig 10. Photographs of live Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020, males. AC. From Giants Tank Sanctuary. DF. From Ussangoda." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518331/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 10AF</figureCitation>
. Carapace: prosoma reddish-brown covered with iridescent hairs providing a metallic sheen; lateral margins of carapace lined by broad patches of white hairs; posterior region black. Hairs sparse. Sternum oval, brownish; labium and maxillae dark brown, with paler outer margins. Clypeal region brownish; eyes surrounded by yellowish orbital setae. Chelicerae dark brown with curved outer margins and excavated inner margins: two promarginal and one retromarginal teeth. Abdomen ovoid, densely covered with rusty brown hairs; anterior margin covered by white scales; pattern present on black background with pair of white spots anteriorly and pairs of transverse stripes following posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737DA86CA9DA1641AC" box="[1176,1318,900,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 11AB</figureCitation>
). Middorsum covered with scales of metallic sheen; venter yellowish, with a broad dark brown median region. Spinnerets brownish, covered with a patch of white hairs dorsally. Leg I robust; femora I-IV dark brown dorsally; patellae and tibiae dark brown; tarsi and metatarsi of all legs dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6B1DDC7846A2" blockId="19.[188,1399,1071,1168]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
PALP. Dark brown; embolus short and thick with a blunt tip and embolus tip directed in clockwise path, its base separated from tegulum; bulbus with PLP; RTA markedly hook-shaped bent ventrally and angle between RTA and tibia about 45º (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737B7D6B58DDE646A2" box="[589,726,1141,1168]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Figs 11EF</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737BD26B5BDC0C46A2" box="[738,828,1142,1168]" captionStart="Fig 12" captionStartId="20.[189,230,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,532,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[189,1398,515,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig 12. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020.AB. Palp.A. Ventral view.B. Retrolateral view.CD. Epigynum. C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland; E = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermatheca; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AB = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518342/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">12AB</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD67379DA6B9ADE7546E3" blockId="19.[189,1406,1207,1374]" box="[234,325,1207,1233]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD67379DA6B9ADE7546E3" bold="true" box="[234,325,1207,1233]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6BF6DBF0476C" blockId="19.[189,1406,1207,1374]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">MEASUREMENTS. TL 5.5, PL 2.04, PW at PLEs 1.95, AL 2.64, AW 2.16. Eye field: diameter of AME 0.48; ALE 0.26; PME 0.12; PLE 0.24; PMEPME 1.5; PLEPLE 1.46; ALEPME 0.44; ALEPLE 0.78. Leg I: Tr 1, Fm 0.92, Pt 0.94, Tb 0.56, Mt 0.38; Leg II: Tr 1.2, Fm 0.78, Pt 1.1, Tb 0.7, Mt 0.46; Leg III: Tr 1.3, Fm 0.8, Pt 1.02, Tb 0.6, Mt 0.42; Leg IV: Tr 1, Fm 0.74, Pt 1.1, Tb 0.4, Mt 0.32.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6AA8DD6D44A7" blockId="19.[186,1401,1413,1685]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
COLOR AND BODY. Colouration pattern as in male, but differs as follows: AMEs surrounded by yellow orbital setae; clypeus covered with white hairs; carapace with white hairs making an arc behind PLEs. Abdomen ovoid, densely covered with rusty brown hairs; anterior margin covered by white scales; pattern present on black background with pair of white spots anteriorly and pairs of transverse stripes following posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD673787D693FDEEC441E" box="[333,476,1554,1580]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 11CD</figureCitation>
). Mid-dorsum covered with scales of metallic sheen; venter yellowish, with a broad dark brown median region. Spinnerets brownish, covered with a patch of white hairs dorsally. Legs with white border on distal margin of femur IIV; other segments covered with sparse white hairs and black annulations alternatively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6990DCE0452F" blockId="19.[186,1398,1725,1822]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
EPIGYNUM. Epigyne with a pair of simple copulatory openings placed in small oval, yellowish depressions; copulatory ducts short, diverge to join stomach-shaped spermathecae.Accessory glands open on internal spermathecal walls close to base of copulatory ducts (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737A03682EDCF3452F" box="[819,963,1795,1821]" captionStart="Fig 12" captionStartId="20.[189,230,1882,1908]" captionTargetBox="[209,1386,532,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[189,1398,515,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig 12. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020.AB. Palp.A. Ventral view.B. Retrolateral view.CD. Epigynum. C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG = accessory gland; E = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermatheca; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AB = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518342/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 12CD</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D6869DEE3456C" blockId="19.[189,467,1860,1886]" box="[189,467,1860,1886]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
<heading id="BB38818AA71FD673798D6869DEE3456C" bold="true" box="[189,467,1860,1886]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD673798D6869DEE3456C" bold="true" box="[189,467,1860,1886]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Intraspecific variation</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A71FD673798D685EDA4645E6" blockId="19.[188,1398,1907,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">
The palpal conformation of NIFS_SAL_1116 closely resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71FD6737AC46859DB5C45BF" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[1012,1132,1907,1934]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD6737AC46859DB5C45BF" box="[1012,1132,1907,1934]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">C. silanthi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, it differs by having the PLP shorter and less rounded (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737B9968BBDC3D4583" box="[681,781,1942,1969]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
) vs oval-shaped PLP in
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71FD6737D0068BADB9A4582" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[1072,1194,1942,1969]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD6737D0068BADB9A4582" box="[1072,1194,1942,1969]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">C. silanthi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737D8B68BBDA114583" box="[1211,1313,1942,1969]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
), and a short, cone-shaped embolus (
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737B3E6897DD5F45E6" box="[526,623,1978,2004]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
) in NIFS_SAL_1116 vs a thinner embolus in
<taxonomicName id="27CF4D65A71FD6737D4A6897DBC245E6" authorityName="Caleb" authorityYear="2020" box="[1146,1266,1978,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Carrhotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silanthi">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A71FD6737D4A6897DBC245E6" box="[1146,1266,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">C. silanthi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A71FD6737C326897DA5945E6" box="[1282,1385,1978,2004]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-94@18.[189,1398,553,1811]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 11. Carrhotus silanthi Caleb, 2020. AB. Male habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. CD. Female habitus. C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. EH. Palp. EF. Ventral view; the arrows showing the embolus tip directed in clockwise (11E) or directed in apical (11F). GH. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: PLP = posterior lateral protrusion; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; TE = tegulum. Scale bars: AD = 2 mm; EH = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518333/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="97">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A8D5656DA718D674798D6E25DB2243AA" pageId="20" pageNumber="98" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E07036E6A718D674798D6E25DEDE4310" blockId="20.[189,494,264,291]" box="[189,494,264,291]" pageId="20" pageNumber="98">
<heading id="BB38818AA718D674798D6E25DEDE4310" bold="true" box="[189,494,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="98" reason="3">
<emphasis id="D2BBEAF4A718D674798D6E25DEDE4310" bold="true" box="[189,494,264,291]" pageId="20" pageNumber="98">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07036E6A718D674798D6E1ADB2243AA" blockId="20.[188,1399,311,408]" pageId="20" pageNumber="98">
This species occurs in the lowland secondary rainforests of the dry and wet zones of
<collectingCountry id="98D87676A718D6747DA06E1ADA314363" box="[1168,1281,311,337]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="20" pageNumber="98">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
including the Ussangoda dry zone National Park in Hambantota District in the
<collectingRegion id="220BF804A718D6747D286E77DBC64346" box="[1048,1270,346,372]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Southern" pageId="20" pageNumber="98">Southern Province</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="78F42A63A718D6747C3B6E77DA574346" box="[1291,1383,346,372]" captionStart="Fig 17" captionStartId="28.[189,230,1982,2008]" captionTargetBox="[189,1382,719,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-115@28.[189,1397,718,1944]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig 17. Distribution of Carrhotus spp. of Sri Lanka." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6518352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6518352/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="98">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Specimens were collected by beating vegetation up to a height of
<quantity id="27379B03A718D6747AF06E53DB3E43AA" box="[960,1038,382,408]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="98" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">
1
<specimenCount id="F6C9FD6FA718D6747AED6E53DB3E43AA" box="[989,1038,382,408]" pageId="20" pageNumber="98" type="generic">2 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>