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<document id="F2C45EE410CE009E643F7196E2CDE46A" ID-CLB-Dataset="24695" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4706.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa834b57-4293-45a8-8795-aca8bc7885f9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3567282" ID-ZooBank="A398B735-215D-4C11-8486-A8F78ACC5BB7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575876027383" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yagi, Sadahisa, Hirano, Nagao &amp; Hirowatari, Toshiya" docDate="2019" docId="03F0FD68FFF5FF9AFF4000BDFE2FFD8E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4706.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4706 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ectoedemia occultella" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="225" masterDocId="FFC98510FFE2FF82FFD7046CFF93FFB1" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on the Ectoedemia suberis and angulifasciella species groups in Japan (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)" masterLastPageNumber="230" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="224" updateTime="1698773570758" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="0A088F14248FBB6789E67B9E32E92DF4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0789E303F7C166E02EC02D31BCBD11FF">
<mods:title id="B602A30C46239F846B6923CB7C90B6D0">Taxonomic notes on the Ectoedemia suberis and angulifasciella species groups in Japan (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="3F687118E30DC0C8FD6A3E9E615C160C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A782B2E9446E9C527638A8AB85C6C0EA">
<mods:roleTerm id="695E014449E49F519015C01E644E001E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B5F879E391359871CF212F8AEFF752E8">Yagi, Sadahisa</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="354EC3824A2D5B1ECB916B8177FE7214" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3CA06B880EF6AEDF6738E32FC45311E7">
<mods:roleTerm id="6597E532016234047DFD96F107F53C3E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="537EDA4650C028F755CC741A1D6A425C">Hirano, Nagao</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3CE0AD9F573F45DC302AC95000E8F431" type="personal">
<mods:role id="812C0831B0F03658E4796343A2F40116">
<mods:roleTerm id="2B2E094609E193B45793659BFD7D243E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C2833B11E3F3A3A6FA48C063CCCD0568">Hirowatari, Toshiya</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="3758BCE9405A8A6F35E836536CC2848A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E1C2B95E28B69BB9F332E1E7875BEECB">
<mods:title id="716A7077925E6AA72EECF35CEA0AD59F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7D7E49286677D271BF7E91242862FDB0">
<mods:date id="223EA735CCB3A0446A3FA80B01B07C1A">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3CAE10D156868169093050ACDEF888DE" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="255D9A4FB0D5E368257F3D80CE97F1A7">2019-12-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6D481B096D976D8F14D4F666CD956EA4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E3749714DEA1E6B66F91344E805EB86E">4706</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A324698535FA147B839694032BFB5C40" type="issue">
<mods:number id="4BB0A368835FE3369C33033C1806F1FE">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="602B64A95C21635934B17A26E958BD73">201</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="0034D1DC5C2014E1AF9FE0658B89A6BD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="7FFF25389A17EC610ED0C213FC8EA52C" type="CLB-Dataset">24695</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0D660A20DC0922ACDCB6B7B56E07B80A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4706.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B6497063795E82D967A70F3332C5CC27" type="GBIF-Dataset">fa834b57-4293-45a8-8795-aca8bc7885f9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4896E860773FD76131B84CA68682FE58" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1911AC6C462840AE3A665126C7EC1EFA" type="Zenodo-Dep">3567282</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="83902D4DFC0F8A0565737D8DCD25922B" type="ZooBank">A398B735-215D-4C11-8486-A8F78ACC5BB7</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03F0FD68FFF5FF9AFF4000BDFE2FFD8E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160676431" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F0FD68FFF5FF9AFF4000BDFE2FFD8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F0FD68FFF5FF9AFF4000BDFE2FFD8E" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="225" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<subSubSection id="C3431FF5FFF5FF95FF4000BDFD04FB5A" box="[151,663,1233,1260]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF4000BDFD04FB5A" blockId="23.[151,663,1233,1296]" box="[151,663,1233,1260]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<heading id="D0AEFB12FFF5FF95FF4000BDFD04FB5A" bold="true" box="[151,663,1233,1260]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FF4000BDFD04FB5A" bold="true" box="[151,663,1233,1260]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
5.
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FF6200BDFD04FB5A" ID-CoL="38QJD" authority="(Linnaeus, 1767)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[181,663,1233,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occultella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FF6200BDFE2CFB5D" bold="true" box="[181,447,1233,1260]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Ectoedemia occultella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8318FFFF5FF95FE1900BDFD1DFB5A" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[462,654,1233,1259]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 1336" refId="ref16347" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema naturae. Tom. I. Pars II. Editio duodecima reformata. Holmiaej, 796 pp. [pp. 533 - 1328 + 1 - 1336] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 68927" type="book chapter" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3431FF5FFF5FF95FF400099FD99FAC1" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF400099FE3FFAA1" blockId="23.[151,663,1233,1296]" box="[151,428,1268,1296]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
(
<figureCitation id="136250FBFFF5FF95FF480099FF6DFABE" box="[159,254,1269,1295]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–41" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1011,1036]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,166,992]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[176,1412,166,992]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 38–41. Adults of the Japanese Ectoedemia angulifasciella group, male 38. E. pilosae collected in Shimotakai-machi, Nagano Pref. 39. E. picturata collected in Ishikari-shi, Hokkaido Pref. 40. E. occultella collected in Kutchan-cho, Hokkaido Pref. 41. E. jacutica collected in Tomakomai-shi, Hokkaido Pref." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3567298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3567298/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Figs. 40</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136250FBFFF5FF95FEDE0098FEC1FABE" box="[265,338,1268,1295]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–53" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1834,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1422,581,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,581,1814]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 48–53. Male genitalia of the Japanese Ectoedemia angulifasciella group. 48, 49. E. occultella, genital capsule with phallus removed (Genitalia slide No. SY578). 50. Ditto, phallus (Genitalia slide No. SY578). 51, 52. E. jacutica, genital capsule with phallus removed (Genitalia slide No. SY189). 53. Ditto, phallus (Genitalia slide No. SY172)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3567302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3567302/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">48–50</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136250FBFFF5FF95FE8A0098FEE8FABE" box="[349,379,1268,1295]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–57" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1152,1177]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,166,1132]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 54–57. Leafmines of the Japanese species of the Ectoedemia angulifasciella group. 54. E. pilosae on Agrimonia pilosa. 55. E. picturata on Rosa hirtula. 56. E. occultella on Betula platyphylla. 57. E. jacutica on Aruncus dioicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3567304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3567304/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">56</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136250FBFFF5FF95FE500099FE37FAA1" box="[391,420,1269,1296]" captionStart="FIGURES 58–63" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1957,1982]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,173,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,166,1937]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 58–63. Japanese distribution maps of Japanese species of the Ectoedmeia suberis and angulifasciella groups. 58. E. chasanella. 59. E. ortiva. 60. E. pilosae. 61. E. picturata. 62. E. occultellla. 63. E. jacutica." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3567306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3567306/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">62</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF400156FDE1FAE3" blockId="23.[151,626,1337,1392]" box="[151,626,1337,1362]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
For synonymy see
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8318FFFF5FF95FE800156FDFDFAE3" author="van Nieukerken, E. J. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Hoare, R. &amp; Davis, D." box="[343,622,1337,1362]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="65 - 246" refId="ref17830" refString="van Nieukerken, E. J., Doorenweerd, C., Hoare, R. &amp; Davis, D. (2016) Revised classification and catalogue of global Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Lepidoptera, Nepticuloidea). ZooKeys, 628, 65 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 628.9799" type="journal article" year="2016">
van Nieukerken
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FE280156FDB8FAE0" box="[511,555,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF400134FD99FAC1" blockId="23.[151,626,1337,1392]" box="[151,522,1367,1392]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<materialsCitation id="3B314623FFF5FF95FF400134FD95FAC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2465026869" box="[151,518,1367,1392]" country="Sweden" location="Hammerby" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E2F2DCFFF5FF95FF400134FF5AFAC1" box="[151,201,1368,1392]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<location id="8E861AA5FFF5FF95FEFE013BFE08FAC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F0FD68FFF5FF9AFF4000BDFE2FFD8E:8E861AA5FFF5FF95FEFE013BFE08FAC1" box="[297,411,1367,1392]" country="Sweden" name="Hammerby" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Hammerby</location>
(
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CEEFFF5FF95FE7E013BFE6CFAC1" box="[425,511,1367,1392]" name="Sweden" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Sweden</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3431FF5FFF5FF95FF4001F1FED4F9F9" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF4001F1FBD8F9B1" blockId="23.[151,1437,1437,2041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FF4001F1FE11FA09" bold="true" box="[151,386,1437,1464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B314623FFF5FF95FE5C01F1FAF0FA6D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2465026842" collectingDate="2017-10-06" collectingDateMax="2018-05-20" collectingDateMin="2017-10-06" collectorName="S. Yagi &amp; Honshu" country="Japan" location="Hokkaido" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Hokkaido">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FE5C01F1FDF9FA09" bold="true" box="[395,618,1437,1464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CEEFFF5FF95FE5C01F1FE74FA09" box="[395,487,1437,1464]" name="Japan" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="499D829CFFF5FF95FE2301F1FDF9FA09" box="[500,618,1437,1464]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D5F87F7FFF5FF95FDAD01F2FD3BFA08" box="[634,680,1438,1465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5F87F7FFF5FF95FD6101F2FD4AFA09" box="[694,729,1438,1464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, Hanazono, Kutchan-cho,
<date id="FFE76ABEFFF5FF95FBDE01F2FBFEFA09" box="[1033,1133,1438,1464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="2017-10-06">
<collectingDate id="EFA39356FFF5FF95FBDE01F2FBFEFA09" box="[1033,1133,1438,1464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="2017-10-06">6.x.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, larvae
<collectedFrom id="38450F83FFF5FF95FB1F01F3FA06FA09" box="[1224,1429,1438,1465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FB3B01F2FA06FA09" box="[1260,1429,1438,1464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ermanii">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FB3B01F2FA06FA09" box="[1260,1429,1438,1464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Betula ermanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, ex. pupa
<date id="FFE76ABEFFF5FF95FF2901AEFEFDFA6D" box="[254,366,1474,1500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="2018-05-20">
<collectingDate id="EFA39356FFF5FF95FF2901AEFEFDFA6D" box="[254,366,1474,1500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="2018-05-20">20.v.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AC29A8FFF5FF95FEAD01AEFE5DFA6D" box="[378,462,1474,1500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">S. Yagi</collectorName>
, genitalia slide no. SY578, DNA extraction no. SaY150.
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FB8701AEFB3EFA6D" bold="true" box="[1104,1197,1474,1500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<collectorName id="26AC29A8FFF5FF95FB8701AEFB3EFA6D" box="[1104,1197,1474,1500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Honshu</collectorName>
</emphasis>
: [
<collectingRegion id="499D829CFFF5FF95FB1401AFFACDFA6D" box="[1219,1374,1473,1501]" country="Japan" name="Nagano" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Nagano Pref.</collectingRegion>
]
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B314623FFF5FF95FABC01AEFBD4F9B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2465026884" collectingDate="1969-10-02" collectingDateMax="1970-05-09" collectingDateMin="1969-10-02" collectionCode="OPU" collectorName="Tateshina-kogen &amp; H. Kuroko" country="Japan" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido">
<specimenCount id="9D5F87F7FFF5FF95FABC01AEFA04FA6C" box="[1387,1431,1474,1501]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="26AC29A8FFF5FF95FF40018AFEC0F9B1" box="[151,339,1510,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Tateshina-kogen</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFE76ABEFFF5FF95FE89018AFE51F9B1" box="[350,450,1510,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="1969-10-02">
<collectingDate id="EFA39356FFF5FF95FE89018AFE51F9B1" box="[350,450,1510,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="1969-10-02">2.x.1969</collectingDate>
</date>
, larva
<collectedFrom id="38450F83FFF5FF95FDDA018BFD6DF9B1" box="[525,766,1510,1537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FDE7018AFD6DF9B1" box="[560,766,1510,1536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="platyphylla">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FDE7018AFD6DF9B1" box="[560,766,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Betula platyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFE76ABEFFF5FF95FCDB018AFCFCF9B1" box="[780,879,1510,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="1970-05-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA39356FFF5FF95FCDB018AFCFCF9B1" box="[780,879,1510,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" value="1970-05-09">9.v.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AC29A8FFF5FF95FCAD018BFC61F9B1" box="[890,1010,1510,1537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">H. Kuroko</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED48D4BBFFF5FF95FBD6018AFBACF9B1" box="[1025,1087,1510,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">OPU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF100266FED4F9F9" blockId="23.[151,1437,1437,2041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
Male. Forewing length
<quantity id="4CA1E19BFFF5FF95FE1C0266FDC0F994" box="[459,595,1546,1573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.3 mm</quantity>
, wingspan 5.0–
<quantity id="4CA1E19BFFF5FF95FCD60265FCC6F994" box="[769,853,1545,1573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
(n = 4). Female. Forewing length
<quantity id="4CA1E19BFFF5FF95FB180266FAB5F994" box="[1231,1318,1546,1573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
, wingspan
<quantity id="4CA1E19BFFF5FF95FF400242FF7EF9F8" box="[151,237,1582,1609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
(n = 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3431FF5FFF5FF9AFF10023DFBCAFF66" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="225" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF10023DFD9FF969" blockId="23.[151,1437,1437,2041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FF10023DFED1F9DD" bold="true" box="[199,322,1617,1644]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species and
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FDC1023FFCEEF9DC" authority="(Zetterstedt, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[534,893,1618,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FDC1023FFD3AF9DD" box="[534,681,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">E. minimella</emphasis>
(Zetterstedt,1839)
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from others of the
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FF40021AFEAEF921" baseAuthorityName="Stainton" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,317,1654,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifasciella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FF40021AFEAEF921" box="[151,317,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">angulifasciella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by the absence of a cilia line and a long pseuduncus.
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FC26021AFB7FF921" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[1009,1260,1654,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occultella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FC26021AFB7FF921" box="[1009,1260,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Ectoedemia occultella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FA53021BFE94F905" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FA53021BFE94F905" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">E. minimella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it can be distinguished by the frontal tuft in female (male with blackish tuft in
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FB0602F7FAF1F905" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[1233,1378,1690,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FB0602F7FAF1F905" box="[1233,1378,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">E. minimella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and vesica without elongated cornuti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF95FF10028FFE1FF865" blockId="23.[151,1437,1437,2041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
In
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CEEFFF5FF95FF33028FFEDFF94D" box="[228,332,1762,1789]" name="China" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">East Asia</collectingCountry>
a morphologically very similar
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FD78028EFD6EF94D" box="[687,765,1762,1788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FD78028EFD6EF94D" box="[687,765,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-feeding
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FCB7028EFC77F94D" box="[864,996,1762,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FCB7028EFC77F94D" box="[864,996,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Ectoedemia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs sympatrically with
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FAC7028FFA0FF94D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[1296,1436,1762,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occultella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FAC7028FFA0FF94D" box="[1296,1436,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">E. occultella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8318FFFF5FF95FF48036AFEBCF891" author="Hirano, N." box="[159,303,1798,1824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="14 - 16" refId="ref16133" refString="Hirano, N. (2013) Nepticulidae. In Hirowatari, T., Nasu, Y., Sakamaki, Y. &amp; Kishida, Y. (Eds.), The standard of moths in Japan III. Gakken Education Publishing, Tokyo, pp. 80 - 96, pls. 14 - 16. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2013">Hirano 2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8318FFFF5FF95FEEE036BFDFBF891" author="van Nieukerken, E. J. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Hoare, R. &amp; Davis, D." box="[313,616,1798,1825]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" pagination="65 - 246" refId="ref17830" refString="van Nieukerken, E. J., Doorenweerd, C., Hoare, R. &amp; Davis, D. (2016) Revised classification and catalogue of global Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Lepidoptera, Nepticuloidea). ZooKeys, 628, 65 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 628.9799" type="journal article" year="2016">
van Nieukerken
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FE27036BFDB3F891" box="[496,544,1798,1824]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
: Supplementary material 2). However,
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FBCF036BFB37F891" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[1048,1188,1798,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occultella">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FBCF036BFB37F891" box="[1048,1188,1798,1824]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">E. occultella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from it by the fuscous forewing (fuscous forewing with stronger purple sheen in the
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FC290346FBDFF8F5" box="[1022,1100,1834,1860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FC290346FBDFF8F5" box="[1022,1100,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-feeding
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FB780346FAA0F8F5" box="[1199,1331,1834,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FB780346FAA0F8F5" box="[1199,1331,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Ectoedemia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), sharper pseuduncus (a little shorter and not so sharp in the
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FD0C0322FCBAF8D9" box="[731,809,1870,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FD0C0322FCBAF8D9" box="[731,809,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-feeding
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FC590322FB81F8D9" box="[910,1042,1870,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FC590322FB81F8D9" box="[910,1042,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Ectoedemia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and slender sublateral process of transtilla in male genitalia (basally thick in the
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FD63031EFC91F83D" box="[692,770,1906,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FD63031EFC91F83D" box="[692,770,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Sorbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-feeding
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFF5FF95FCBF031EFC7FF83D" box="[872,1004,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FCBF031EFC7FF83D" box="[872,1004,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Ectoedemia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). These two species are very difficult to distinguish and their host plants occur sympatrically. Therefore, records that are not based on reared specimens need to be confirmed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFF5FF9AFF1003B2FBCAFF66" blockId="23.[151,1437,1437,2041]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,152,575]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="225" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFF5FF95FF1003B2FEFEF849" bold="true" box="[199,365,2014,2040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="224">Barcode data.</emphasis>
A DNA barcode of one specimen (BOLD: ADX7742) was generated and deposited in the Gen- Bank with accession number
<accessionNumber id="940AD19DFFFAFF9AFE3204F4FDF3FF03" box="[485,608,152,178]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC467971" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">LC467971</accessionNumber>
. The barcode of this species is closest to that of
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFB5204F4FE9CFF67" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
&quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFFAFF9AFB5904F4FE95FF67" authority="StephanandraKorea" authorityName="StephanandraKorea" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Ectoedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ectoedemia StephanandraKorea</taxonomicName>
&quot;
</emphasis>
based on BLAST in GenBank, and the similarity between them is 95.29%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3431FF5FFFAFF9AFF10048CFEBEFE1F" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFFAFF9AFF10048CFEBEFE1F" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,575]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFF10048CFEB4FF4A" bold="true" box="[199,295,224,251]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Biology.</emphasis>
The Japanese population utilizes
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFFAFF9AFD79048CFADBFF4A" authority="(Miq.) H. Hara" authorityName="H. Hara" authorityYear="1937" baseAuthorityName="Miq." box="[686,1352,224,251]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="platyphylla" variety="japonica">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFD79048CFCECFF4B" box="[686,895,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Betula platyphylla</emphasis>
Sukaczev var.
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFBE7048DFB01FF4B" box="[1072,1170,225,250]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">japonica</emphasis>
(Miq.) H. Hara
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFFAFF9AFA53048DFE0EFEAF" authority="Cham. Similar" authorityName="Cham. Similar" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ermanii">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFA53048DFF7DFEAF" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">B. ermanii</emphasis>
Cham. Similar
</taxonomicName>
mines also were found on
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFFAFF9AFD0E0569FB92FEAF" authority="Regel" authorityName="Regel" authorityYear="1868" box="[729,1025,260,286]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maximowicziana">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFD0E0569FC24FEAF" box="[729,951,261,286]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">B. maximowicziana</emphasis>
Regel
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFFAFF9AFBEA0569FA0EFEAF" authority="Regel et Maxim." authorityName="Regel et Maxim." box="[1085,1437,260,287]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corylifolia">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFBEA0569FB40FEAF" box="[1085,1235,260,286]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">B. corylifolia</emphasis>
Regel et Maxim.
</taxonomicName>
Eggs are deposited on the underside of the leaf. The leafmine starts as a blotch, filled with blackish frass, and later becomes a larger blotch and the blackish dense frass is glued to the upper surface at the center of the mine, forming a dark spot under which the larva can hide. Larvae are pale greenish cream; found in October, which indicates univoltinism.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3431FF5FFFAFF9AFF1005D4FE26FE46" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFFAFF9AFF1005D4FE26FE46" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,575]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFF1005D4FECAFE62" bold="true" box="[199,345,440,467]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136250FBFFFAFF9AFEBE05D4FE2DFE62" box="[361,446,440,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 58–63" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1957,1982]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,173,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,166,1937]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 58–63. Japanese distribution maps of Japanese species of the Ectoedmeia suberis and angulifasciella groups. 58. E. chasanella. 59. E. ortiva. 60. E. pilosae. 61. E. picturata. 62. E. occultellla. 63. E. jacutica." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3567306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3567306/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
). Northern Holarctic: from westernmost Europe to
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CEEFFFAFF9AFC2B05D5FBAFFE62" box="[1020,1084,441,467]" name="Japan" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Japan</collectingCountry>
and throughout northern North America (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8318FFFFAFF9AFED105B0FE3BFE46" author="Puplesis, R." box="[262,424,476,503]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" refId="ref16873" refString="Puplesis, R. (1994) The Nepticulidae of eastern Europe and Asia. Western, central and eastern parts. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 290 pp." type="book" year="1994">Puplesis 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3431FF5FFFAFF9AFF10066DFE2FFD8E" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE64C7EFFFAFF9AFF10066DFE2FFD8E" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,575]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFF10066DFEA8FDAA" bold="true" box="[199,315,513,539]" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Remarks.</emphasis>
A similar shaped mine and larvae are found on
<taxonomicName id="4C5937FDFFFAFF9AFC9E066CFC75FDAB" box="[841,998,512,538]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Stephanandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="24" pageNumber="225" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFC9E066CFC75FDAB" box="[841,998,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Stephanandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. in
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CEEFFFAFF9AFBEB066DFB13FDAA" box="[1084,1152,513,539]" name="South Korea" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CEEFFFAFF9AFB62066DFB66FDAA" box="[1205,1269,513,539]" name="Japan" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8318FFFFAFF9AFAD5066CFE82FD8E" author="Doorenweerd, C. &amp; van Nieukerken, E. J. &amp; Menken, S. B. J." pageId="24" pageNumber="225" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref15790" refString="Doorenweerd, C., van Nieukerken, E. J. &amp; Menken, S. B. J. (2015) A global phylogeny of leafmining Ectoedemia moths (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae): exploring host plant family shifts and allopatry as drivers of speciation PLoS ONE, 10, 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0119586" type="journal article" year="2015">
Doorenweerd
<emphasis id="B92D906CFFFAFF9AFF400649FF5BFD8F" box="[151,200,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="225">et al</emphasis>
. 2015
</bibRefCitation>
; Yagi unpubl.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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