223 lines
26 KiB
XML
223 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="31E2735BA0E119314BDD5EB7E34D86EB">
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<mods:title id="4ADE4154E5DFF720235CBEE8874037F8">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E41D26CA2FF11778F21C7723711A74E3">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6C13DCF22DB01464FAD0FE4FA7D38635">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="16D8E4AE2CAD144ED25C4582FC359AD3">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="AE72F01DF18165F799F8CF8C860A6D0B">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="A4D66499FCBA185760F091213388C34A">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="6D4D5129C48A3B18CEC13E227AFFCCCD">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="40945D66B8C543965222632442CB9FD3">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FF87204D08801137088EFD81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6711482" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196221380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6711482" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FF87204D08801137088EFD81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FF87204D08801137088EFD81" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088011370DC6FA42" box="[1463,1521,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088011370DC6FA42" blockId="41.[1462,2413,1387,1476]" box="[1463,1521,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E088011370DC6FA42" box="[1463,1521,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FF87204E088011370DC6FA42" box="[1463,1521,1387,1433]" captionStart="Plate 12: Cricetidae" captionStartId="36.[123,153,3215,3240]" captionTargetBox="[12,2745,14,3647]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="77. Balkan Snow Vole (Dinaromys bogdanouvt), 78. Northern Mole Vole (Ellobius talpinus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708401/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">90.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0B3411370F75FA42" box="[1539,1858,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0B3411370F75FA42" blockId="41.[1462,2413,1387,1476]" box="[1539,1858,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E0B3411370F75FA42" box="[1539,1858,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E0B3411370F75FA42" ID-CoL="6P8RM" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[1539,1858,1387,1433]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtatus">Sagebrush Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E0ABC113700DBFA42" box="[1931,2284,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E0ABC113700DBFA42" blockId="41.[1462,2413,1387,1476]" box="[1931,2284,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E0ABC113700DBFA42" box="[1931,2284,1387,1433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0ABC113700DBFA42" ID-CoL="6P8RM" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[1931,2284,1387,1433]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0ABC113700DBFA42" box="[1931,2284,1387,1433]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Lemmiscus curtatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088F11F7015CFA1B" box="[1464,2411,1451,1472]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088F11F7015CFA1B" blockId="41.[1462,2413,1387,1476]" box="[1464,2411,1451,1472]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF87204E088F11F7015CFA1B" box="[1464,2411,1451,1472]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E088F11F70E34FA1B" bold="true" box="[1464,1539,1451,1472]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E0B3B11F70F3DFA1B" ID-CoL="6P8RM" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[1548,1802,1451,1472]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtatus">Campagnol des armoises</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0A2911F70F4EFA1B" bold="true" box="[1822,1913,1451,1472]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E0AB411F70002FA1B" ID-CoL="6P8RM" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[1923,2101,1451,1472]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtatus">BeifulR-Wiihimaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E057D11F70092FA1B" bold="true" box="[2122,2213,1451,1472]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF87204E059C11F7015CFA1B" ID-CoL="6P8RM" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[2219,2411,1451,1472]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtatus">Topillo de artemisia</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E052C11AD01F6F908" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E052C11AD0086F977" blockId="41.[2074,2668,1521,1945]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E052C11AD0081F9D5" bold="true" box="[2075,2230,1521,1550]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E05F811AD0068F9ED" ID-CoL="H3TF" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1868" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtata">Arvicola curtata [sic] Cope, 1868</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FF87204E054112490086F977" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814758" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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Pigeon Spring, Mt. Magruder,
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FF87204E070B1249006BF986" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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, near boundary between Inyo County,
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FF87204E0571123800E5F95E" box="[2118,2258,1636,1669]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">California</collectingRegion>
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and Esmeralda County,
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FF87204E070C1238006CF977" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FF87204E055B12CF009AF977" box="[2156,2221,1683,1708]" name="United States of America" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E052B12EE01F6F908" blockId="41.[2074,2668,1521,1945]" box="[2076,2497,1714,1747]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Six subspecies are recognized.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E052C12820DCBF70F" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="synonymic_list">
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<caption id="DF268C8DFF87204E052C12820DCBF70F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760471" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760471/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" startId="41.[2075,2229,1758,1787]" targetBox="[1460,2052,1530,1944]" targetPageId="41">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E052C1282019BF920" blockId="41.[2074,2668,1521,1945]" box="[2075,2476,1758,1787]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E052C1282019BF920" bold="true" box="[2075,2476,1758,1787]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E052B13550178F891" blockId="41.[2074,2668,1521,1945]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E052B13550178F891" authority="Cope, 1868" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1868" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="curtatus" subSpecies="curtatus">L.c.curtatusCope,1868—ECCaliforniaandSWNevada,USA.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E052B13080F3FF81B" blockId="41.[2074,2668,1521,1945]" lastBlockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E052B13080F3FF81B" authority="W. P. Taylor, 1911" authorityName="W. P. Taylor" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="curtatus" subSpecies="intermedius">L.c.intermediusW.P.Taylor,1911—NECalifornia,SEOregon,SIdaho,N&CNevada,andWUtah,USA.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088F13930E79F7D4" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E088F13930E79F7D4" authority="Goldman, 1941" authorityName="Goldman" authorityYear="1941" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="curtatus" subSpecies="levidensis">L.c.levidensisGoldman,1941—WIdahoandSMontanaSEtoNEUtahandNColorado,USA.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088F1C420046F7EC" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" box="[1464,2161,2078,2103]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E088F1C420046F7EC" authority="Dearden & Lee, 1955" authorityName="Dearden & Lee" authorityYear="1955" box="[1464,2161,2078,2103]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="curtatus" subSpecies="orbitus">L.c.orbitusDearden&Lee,1955—SCUtah,USA.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088F1C190028F75E" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E088F1C190028F75E" authority="Merriam, 1888" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="curtatus" subSpecies="pallidus">L.c.pallidusMerriam,1888—SSaskatchewanandSAlberta,Canada,andMontana,WNorthDakota,andNWSouthDakota,USA.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088E1CD70DCBF70F" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E088E1CD70F6EF777" authority="Cooper, 1868" authorityName="Cooper" authorityYear="1868" box="[1465,1881,2187,2220]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="curtatus" subSpecies="pauperrimus">L. c. pauperrimus Cooper, 1868</taxonomicName>
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— C Washington to S Oregon and extreme N
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E04E01CD70253F777" box="[2519,2660,2187,2220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" genus="California" kingdom="Plantae" order="Geraniales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">California</taxonomicName>
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, USA.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E08801C860079F5ED" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E08801C860079F5ED" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E08801C860E99F720" bold="true" box="[1463,1710,2266,2299]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 92-114 mm, tail 16-28 mm; weight 17-5-25 g. The Sagebrush Vole is small, with long and lax fur, and has substantial geographical variation in morphology across its distribution. Dorsum ranges from drab brown to ash gray. Ears and nose can have buffy tips. Sides are paler, and belly is silvery to buffy. Tail is not strongly bicolored, but it is lighter below than above. Feet are white or light gray to buffy. Skull is flattened and angular, with short rostrum and zygomatic arches that are heavy and wide. Molars are rootless and have closely enclosed triangles and wide intervening reentrant angles. Inner and outer reentrant angles have similar depths. Chromosomal complement is 2n = 54, FN = 58.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E08801E600035F577" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E08801E600035F577" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E08801E600E11F586" bold="true" box="[1463,1574,2620,2653]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Semiarid habitats dominated by sagebrush (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E059B1E60015CF586" box="[2220,2411,2620,2653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">Artemisia spp.</taxonomicName>
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) and rabbitbrush (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E08F31E380EE7F55E" box="[1476,1744,2660,2693]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chrysothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">Chrysothamnus spp.</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0BD51E380F45F55E" box="[1762,1906,2660,2693]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ericameria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ericameria</taxonomicName>
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), both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0AE11E38005BF55E" box="[2006,2156,2660,2693]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(making it a bit unusual for arvicoline rodents) at elevations of 300-3800 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E08801EEA0005F443" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E08801EEA0005F443" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E08801EEA0EF3F508" bold="true" box="[1463,1732,2742,2771]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Sagebrush Voles eat a wide variety of green grasses (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E073B1EEA025BF508" box="[2572,2668,2742,2771]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bromus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bromus</taxonomicName>
|
||
tectorum,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0B051EBE0F72F520" box="[1586,1861,2786,2811]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agropyron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="desertorum">Agropyron desertorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0A631EBE0FB3F520" authorityName="K.Koch" authorityYear="1896" box="[1876,1924,2786,2811]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Poa</taxonomicName>
|
||
bulbosa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0ACD1EBE008CF520" box="[2042,2235,2786,2811]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Holcus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">Holcus lanatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E05FC1EBE013CF520" box="[2251,2315,2786,2811]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Stipa</taxonomicName>
|
||
spartea, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E048D1EBE0220F520" box="[2490,2583,2786,2811]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Elymus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Elymus</taxonomicName>
|
||
caputmedusae, all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0B6A1F5D0EE2F4F9" box="[1629,1749,2817,2850]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), forbs (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0AB21F5D0025F4F9" box="[1925,2066,2817,2850]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Eriogonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eriogonum</taxonomicName>
|
||
strictum,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E05A71F5D0179F4F9" box="[2192,2382,2817,2850]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E04A01F5D0227F4F9" box="[2455,2576,2817,2850]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Medicago</taxonomicName>
|
||
sativa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E088F1F700E08F492" box="[1464,1599,2860,2889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), shrubs, and other green vegetation. Food is generally not stored in caches, but Sagebrush Voles reportedly steal from caches of other rodents such as North American Deermice (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0BD01F270012F443" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[1767,2085,2939,2968]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Peromyscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maniculatus">Peromyscus maniculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E08801FFE0105F370" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E08801FFE0105F370" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E08801FFE0E09F464" bold="true" box="[1463,1598,2978,3007]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Sagebrush Voles breed year-round, but in northern parts of their distribution, breeding can be restricted to March-December. Pregnancy rates are bimodal, with highest levels in spring and autumn when green vegetation peaks, and relatively few litters are born in hot summer months. A female can have up to 3 litters/year. Gestation averages 25 days, with averages of 4-6 young/litter reported in separate studies. Newborns are pink, hairless, and blind, but they are fully weaned at 21 days old. Burrow systems have nests that are often lined with sagebrush bark.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204E088118EE0E2CF2FA" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204E088118EE0E2CF2FA" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E088118EE0E95F308" bold="true" box="[1462,1698,3250,3283]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Sagebrush Voles are most active in evening and early morning, but they can be active at any time of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0ABD18850F8DF321" box="[1930,1978,3289,3322]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ondatra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="day">day</taxonomicName>
|
||
throughout the year. Wind reportedly decreases activity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF87204D088019700CD5FE60" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF87204D088019700CD5FE60" blockId="41.[1462,2669,1959,3480]" lastBlockId="42.[112,1318,292,603]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF87204E0880197000B6F292" bold="true" box="[1463,2177,3372,3401]" pageId="41" pageNumber="318">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Burrows of Sagebrush Voles were 8 cm to almost 0-5 m underground, although it is unclear if deepest burrows were actually abandoned pocket gopher (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF87204E0A49192B0017F243" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1845" box="[1918,2080,3447,3480]" class="Mammalia" family="Geomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Geomyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) burrows that had become occupied and modified by Sagebrush Voles. Surface runways are less well-defined than in other voles. Sagebrush Voles often
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF84204D0C8415100A43FEB6" box="[435,628,332,365]" form="colonies" pageId="42" pageNumber="319" rank="form">form colonies</taxonomicName>
|
||
in burrows with up to 30 entrances, obscured by sagebrush or rock piles. In Idaho, these voles were not colonial in summer. Dramatic population fluctuations have been tied to rainfall and pulses of green vegetation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF84204D0D46159E0CBCFE38" box="[113,1163,450,483]" pageId="42" pageNumber="319" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF84204D0D46159E0CBCFE38" blockId="42.[112,1318,292,603]" box="[113,1163,450,483]" pageId="42" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF84204D0D46159E09F9FE38" bold="true" box="[113,462,450,483]" pageId="42" pageNumber="319">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF84204D0D4615AE088EFD81" pageId="42" pageNumber="319" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF84204D0D4615AE088EFD81" blockId="42.[112,1318,292,603]" pageId="42" pageNumber="319">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF84204D0D4615AE093DFDD0" bold="true" box="[113,266,498,523]" pageId="42" pageNumber="319">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Bradley, Ammerman et al. (2014), Carroll & Genoways (1980), Hafner et al. (1998), Hall (1981), Maser et al. (1974), Mullican & Keller (1987), Musser & Carleton (2005), Wilson & Ruff (1999), Wurster et al. (1971).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |