219 lines
18 KiB
XML
219 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147" ID-PMC="PMC3881355" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-30-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7" ID-PubMed="24399899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576187" ModsDocID="1314-2003-30-33" checkinTime="1451251802241" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wagner, Warren L., Wagner, Anthony J. & Lorence, David H." docDate="2013" docId="B5F7264DD14636C06AAFF015DB90FF48" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 30: 33-64" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 30" docPubDate="2013-11-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147" docTitle="Cyrtandra kenwoodii W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7" masterDocTitle="Revision of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in the Marquesas Islands" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1668140974741" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in the Marquesas Islands</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wagnerw@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Anthony J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-11-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>33</mods:start>
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<mods:end>64</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.30.6147</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-30-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D914FFF0FFC8FF9C2C0A744BED3DFFF7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576187</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024847" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5F7264DD14636C06AAFF015DB90FF48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5F7264DD14636C06AAFF015DB90FF48" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
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6.
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<taxonomicName LSID="B5F7264D-D146-36C0-6AAF-F015DB90FF48" authority="W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner" authorityName="W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner" authorityYear="2013" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra kenwoodii" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kenwoodii" status="sp. nov.">Cyrtandra kenwoodii W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="44">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Cyrtandra kenwoodii W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner A Habit B Flower, lateral view C Corolla, longitudinal view D Pistil. Drawn from Wood 10804 (US), except A from Wood 6467 (holotype, US)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10499" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
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Marquesas Islands: Ua Pou: Tekohepu, windswept and cloud-shrouded summit, shrubland of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="linearis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Dicranopteris linearis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Paesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="rugulosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Paesia rugulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Freycinetia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Blechum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Blechum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grev" authorityYear="1848" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleandraceae" genus="Oleandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="sibbaldii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Oleandra sibbaldii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Selliguea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="feeioides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Selliguea feeioides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 2500-3000 ft [762-914 m], 4-5 July 1997, K. R. Wood & S. Perlman 6467 (holotype: US-3390815!; isotype: PTBG!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
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Shrubs 0.2-1 m. Leaves opposite, clustered on upper 2-5 nodes, brittle, elliptic to elliptic-oblanceolate, 4-7.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.0-2.1 cm, upper surface glossy, green, glabrous, lower surface pale green, glabrous, margins irregularly and inconspicuously serrulate, apex acuminate, base attenuate, petioles 0.2-1.6 cm long. Flowers in loose, open cymes 3-6 cm long, arising in the upper leaf axils, cymes 1-3 flowered, peduncles 15-40 mm long, ca. 1-1.5 mm in diameter, pedicels 10-18 mm, bracts lanceolate, ca. 6-8 mm; calyx funnelform, white, ca. 11-15 mm long, lobes 5-9 mm long, subequal, glabrous, deciduous after anthesis; corolla white, funnelform, tube ca. 24-26 mm long, lobes ca. 6-8 mm long. Immature berry 15 mm long.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Marquesas Islands, rare, endemic to high ridges of Ua Pou, from Oave and Matahenua to Teavahaakiti, Tekahuipu, and Tekohepu, 790-945 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner" authorityYear="2013" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kenwoodii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Cyrtandra kenwoodii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known only in cloud-swept summits with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shrubland with other shurbs and small trees such as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1882" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Apetahia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Apetahia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Freycinetia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Hibiscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">This new species is named for Kenneth R. Wood, who first collected it and who has contributed greatly to our knowledge of the flora of the Marquesas and the Hawaiian Islands through his collections and field observations.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
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IUCN Red List Category: Critically Endangered EN B2a + B2b(i-iii). B2: total area of occupancy less than 10 km2 (ca. 5 km2). B2a, a single population known; b (i-iii), habitat continuing decline inferred. The suitable habitat for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner" authorityYear="2013" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kenwoodii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="45" start="start">Cyrtandra</pageBreakToken>
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kenwoodii
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on Ua Pou (ca. 105 km2) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened feral animals and invasive plants, reducing the extent of the forest (
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<bibRefCitation author="Florence, J" journalOrPublisher="Allertonia" pageId="24" pageNumber="57" pagination="226 - 237" refId="B8" refString="Florence, J, Lorence, DH, 1997. Introduction to the flora and vegetation of the Marquesas Islands. Allertonia 7: 226 - 237" title="Introduction to the flora and vegetation of the Marquesas Islands." volume="7" year="1997">Florence and Lorence 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Mueller-Dombois, D" journalOrPublisher="Springer, New York" pageId="24" pageNumber="57" pagination="444 - 460" refId="B14" refString="Mueller-Dombois, D, Fosberg, FR, 1998. Marquesas. Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands. Springer, New York: 444 - 460" title="Marquesas. Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands." year="1998">Mueller-Dombois and Fosberg 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Meyer, J-Y" editor="Gillespie, RG" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press, Berkeley" pageId="24" pageNumber="57" pagination="332 - 338" refId="B13" refString="Meyer, J-Y, Salvat, B, 2009. French Polynesia, Biology. In: Gillespie, RG, Clague, DA, Eds., Encyclopedia of Islands. University of California Press, Berkeley: 332 - 338" title="French Polynesia, Biology." volumeTitle="Encyclopedia of Islands." year="2009">Meyer and Salvat 2009</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="45" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Marquesas Islands. Ua Pou:</emphasis>
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Central Ua Pou including the summit crest regions around Oave and the near-by peak of Matahenua, 899-924 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="45.4" value="-9.395945">9°23'45.4"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="140" direction="west" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="43.3" value="-140.07869">140°4'43.3"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2 July 2004, Wood & Perlman 10804 (PTBG, US), 10813 (PTBG); ridge just north of Oave, between Oave and Matahenua, high mountain peaks along main backbone ridge, 945 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="45.5" value="-9.395972">9°23'45.5"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="140" direction="west" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="43.3" value="-140.07869">140°4'43.3"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3 July 2004, Perlman & Wood 19088 (PTBG, US); Teavahaakiti, steep slopes of main ridge to S of Oave, N & E facing cliffs between Teavahaakiti & Tekohepu, 869 m, 5 July 1997, Perlman & Wood 15911 (MO, P, PAP, PTBG, US, WU).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="46">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="46" start="start">Discussion</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="46">
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The sample of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner" authorityYear="2013" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="13" pageNumber="46" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kenwoodii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">Cyrtandra kenwoodii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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used (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">Wood & Perlman 10804</emphasis>
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) in the molecular study by
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<bibRefCitation author="Clark, JR" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="24" pageNumber="57" pagination="982 - 994" publicationUrl="10.1016/j.ympev.2009.09.002" refId="B6" refString="Clark, JR, Wagner, WL, Roalson, EH, 2009. Patterns of diversification and ancestral range reconstruction in the Southeast Asian-Pacific angiosperm lineage Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae). Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 53: 982 - 994, 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.09.002" title="Patterns of diversification and ancestral range reconstruction in the Southeast Asian-Pacific angiosperm lineage Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae)." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2009.09.002" volume="53" year="2009">Clark et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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was identified as
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="13" pageNumber="46" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="feaniana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">Cyrtandra feaniana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, prior to realization that the diminutive plants from Ua Pou represented an undescribed species. The molecular data show that
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner" authorityYear="2013" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="13" pageNumber="46" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kenwoodii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">Cyrtandra kenwoodii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is in a polytomy along with the two primary clades of Marquesan species, but is grouped here with the plicate species as it has the calyx only divided about half way to the base, but is not plicate as far as is known.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10499" pageId="13" pageNumber="46" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner" authorityYear="2013" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="13" pageNumber="46" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kenwoodii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">Cyrtandra kenwoodii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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W. L. Wagner & A. J. Wagner
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">A</emphasis>
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Habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">B</emphasis>
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Flower, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">C</emphasis>
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Corolla, longitudinal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">D</emphasis>
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Pistil. Drawn from Wood 10804 (US), except
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="46">A</emphasis>
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from Wood 6467 (holotype, US).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |