303 lines
42 KiB
XML
303 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="CA55D10777939C243F0FA0C9D93009AE" ID-CLB-Dataset="34731" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11076" ID-GBIF-Dataset="803a91e9-a9df-4ba7-b724-aebe7209c92d" ID-PMC="PMC5345373" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-657-109" ID-PubMed="28331412" ID-ZooBank="C63537A4F30240218F87516622043976" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-657-109" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 657" ModsDocTitle="A review of the Pseudobarbusafer (Peters, 1864) species complex (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in the eastern Cape Fold Ecoregion of South Africa" checkinTime="1487625702765" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chakona, Albert & Skelton, Paul H." docDate="2017" docId="B5B896C8D8D52D5FB0ECBBA39FB4F874" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 657: 109-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 657" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11076" docTitle="Pseudobarbus afer Peters 1864" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="119" masterDocId="267254099D6EFF80A84CFFC35969FFAC" masterDocTitle="A review of the Pseudobarbusafer (Peters, 1864) species complex (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in the eastern Cape Fold Ecoregion of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1701381648111" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="753C1EC05C713538DAC5BA3F2A86D350">A review of the Pseudobarbusafer (Peters, 1864) species complex (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in the eastern Cape Fold Ecoregion of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E2591393091BAE7B55B545227FBBA293">Chakona, Albert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="016DA55F2E8D8F942F05B3F7A30ADCFD">Skelton, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9DB670C27A6B515DCFFFA475DD92BC15">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="51E6238E40B95A5767D3F42BD529ED6B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="05436FD5493577C4C25DBE726A7A3824">
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<mods:date id="9A3410DDF0045F5F507232E7113A3D1C">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D538CB59E0D3DED8948D26416D2E9612">657</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B0039E28D02D3FD65F5E409844106925">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11076</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F9E9317C2737217F0D75455CDCAB35A7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CE2FC360F253D35C90BFEE6DE5B659BF" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11076</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="B5B896C8D8D52D5FB0ECBBA39FB4F874" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127880024" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5B896C8D8D52D5FB0ECBBA39FB4F874" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5B896C8D8D52D5FB0ECBBA39FB4F874" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<subSubSection id="FD7CCAB956AE86F0AB6F2B54DA9A9BB4" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0BBF9F824393448D9EE60DA7CACFE876" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="E08BE8C9BAB73196C0B78F8B0927B580" authority="Peters, 1864" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1864" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Teleostei" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer (Peters, 1864)</taxonomicName>
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Figures 5a, 6a, 7a
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6854875411F4BB57E2A48DDFB965ADE2" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="521125FDB07106FB1EE37B0538CDEC6E" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="96A830ACBB0BE39D11B58647EC33E1EB" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Barbus (Capoeta) afer" order="Teleostei" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer" subGenus="Capoeta">Barbus (Capoeta) afer</taxonomicName>
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Peters, 1864;
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<bibRefCitation id="A2AC7168026D325A56B7E11FB5C8B6C3" author="Guenther, A" journalOrPublisher="British Museum, London" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" title="Catalogue of the Physostomi in the collection of the British Museum" url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9365020" year="1868">
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<normalizedToken id="399FA47A46CE4BBD7CD29DB7486E2E0A" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
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||
1868
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
; non
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<bibRefCitation id="4D789BEA9EE40F265F1AAFCB0FD0A8CD" author="Boulenger, GA" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" title="Catalogue of the Freshwater fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History) (Vol. 2)." year="1911">Boulenger 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; non
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<bibRefCitation id="B6052151495A9E5D2A1678C23D7BEE0F" author="Gilchrist, JDF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="321 - 463" title="The freshwater fishes of South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.5073" volume="11" year="1913">Gilchrist and Thompson 1913</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="248E01A740E91DCB11D3D238924AF8BA" author="Barnard, KH" journalOrPublisher="Notes on the species of Barbus from the Cape Province, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" pagination="80 - 88" volume="Series 11" year="1938">Barnard 1938</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="1A821E6F5576243AD98250C521B1644E" author="Barnard, KH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" pagination="101 - 263" title="Revision of the indigenous freshwater fishes of the S. W. Cape Region." volume="36" year="1943">1943</bibRefCitation>
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; Jubb, 1965, 1967.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="090DE0CD89EA89EFACD2E644164C2FE5" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="13B9F54AFEB69D0027E8E6CA95ED5CDF" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Barbus anoplus" order="Teleostei" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anoplus">Barbus anoplus</taxonomicName>
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(non Weber, 1897):
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<bibRefCitation id="7DFDB9B4C672D71DD22FAD85E6803F36" author="Boulenger, GA" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" title="Catalogue of the Freshwater fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History) (Vol. 2)." year="1911">Boulenger 1911</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="7B2394ECE1FDF76B3728EA0B574EA898" author="Gilchrist, JDF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="465 - 575" title="The freshwater fishes of South Africa (Continued)." volume="11" year="1917">Gilchrist and Thompson 1917</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B2CC9A8BB2119BE80D8F1D87FF57F67" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="050D5A61FCE3B27C208B84F8767B0AC0" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Barbus vulneratus" order="Teleostei" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulneratus">Barbus vulneratus</taxonomicName>
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(non Castelnau, 1861):
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<bibRefCitation id="5E8E8F6EB6347FCA6B9E2A82269C3674" author="Gilchrist, JDF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="321 - 463" title="The freshwater fishes of South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.5073" volume="11" year="1913">Gilchrist and Thompson 1913</bibRefCitation>
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(in part, species from the Baakens and Swartkops Rivers).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="93D4D0DD242525D3DA66E4285E776249" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="9B4724A8647BAC0F0D4918A00BF80040" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Barbus senticeps" order="Teleostei" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Barbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1936;
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<bibRefCitation id="1311E3469149D2B919C67DED8B7DC846" author="Barnard, KH" journalOrPublisher="Notes on the species of Barbus from the Cape Province, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" pagination="80 - 88" volume="Series 11" year="1938">Barnard 1938</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="9436421B0EE7F4351EDC05C58F585E1D" author="Barnard, KH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" pagination="101 - 263" title="Revision of the indigenous freshwater fishes of the S. W. Cape Region." volume="36" year="1943">1943</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6987570432BFB74DB784566C0C98F2A7" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="AB404B16686D7698EC9B9FDF33AFCEE9" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Barbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Barbus asper" order="Teleostei" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asper">Barbus asper</taxonomicName>
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non Boulenger, 1911:
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<bibRefCitation id="29CA470831D48FFD990B6F01AADD2BCF" author="Barnard, KH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" pagination="101 - 263" title="Revision of the indigenous freshwater fishes of the S. W. Cape Region." volume="36" year="1943">Barnard 1943</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="3B8B9B31786DB8FCE4E374471D7D2ECB" author="Jubb, RA" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Cape Provincial Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 72" title="Freshwater fishes of the Cape Province." volume="4" year="1965">Jubb 1965</bibRefCitation>
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; Smith and
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1BF84343A32BEED571FF96EF27230A" author="Smith, JLB and Smith MM" journalOrPublisher="National Parks Board, Pretoria" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" title="Fishes of the Tsitsikama Coastal National Park." year="1966">Smith 1966</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="147182916689F98B9291899B10B4E94D" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="C6C2C0F5E577281956AD3F0E2C1D9202" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Teleostei" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="7D3ABFBFA2AC3CBB2521FB8DB17C8E90" author="Skelton, PH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Cape Provincial Museum (Natural History)" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="201 - 307" title="A taxonomic revision of the redfin minnows (Pisces, Cyprinidae) from southern Africa." volume="16" year="1988">Skelton 1988</bibRefCitation>
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in part (distributed from the Baakens to the Sundays River systems).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="934E488A6C01BB49FD77738480B9C6E4" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" type="syntypes">
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<paragraph id="4818F9713D5A9C59557677C5037E5E51" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">Syntypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="807B20E6DDF04FB9090C3ECA656BBC5A" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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ZMB 5413, 3 unsexed, 78, 89, 92 mm SL, original locality uncertain, but probably the Swartkops River system (
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<bibRefCitation id="7BCF4BFB6BD76BD0AB9A318BF5625380" author="Jubb, RA" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Cape Provincial Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 72" title="Freshwater fishes of the Cape Province." volume="4" year="1965">Jubb 1965</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="A6F6C6ADDEFB6E7D3069C5023207DC6B" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<paragraph id="A47C02D58D64AAD2E4AAEAC63C05F67B" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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Figure 5. Live colours of
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<taxonomicName id="D2B2D6B489C164BA23F429D0A71D4EC3" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
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s.s (SAIAB 203790) from the Waterkloof River, Swartkops River system,
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<taxonomicName id="7E5AFD7D7FB9F4FDC934950D79EE25D4" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
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(RS17AL01) from the source pool in the Upper Krom River system and
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<taxonomicName id="FEA7A576D5CE50A60A0DED7DFA6DCC5B" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (SAIAB 203792) from a tributary of the Wabooms River, Gamtoos River system.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DF17CE6EB2F45D49F0675CA155FCADCF" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" type="topotypic specimens">
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<paragraph id="E162C3E650EA2E2E44C56A5E454C5A8C" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">Topotypic specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="73238C2B40818B0B748E6C3093295A16" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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SAIAB 203790,
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<taxonomicName id="0850653C9F7502C598672D985525E789" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
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, 8 unsexed, 42.1-54.2 mm SL, Waterkloof River, -
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<geoCoordinate id="102D6D98CDAB21D21F907BE32FD62B0D" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-33.714954">33.7149528S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F2CF0F938E806BD41E884C256E84D07B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="25.278383">25.2783833E</geoCoordinate>
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, Groendal Wilderness, Swartkops River system, collected by A Chakona, W Kadye and B Ellender, 4 March 2015; SAIAB 97364, 2 males, 76.2-78.7 mm SL, Groendal Wilderness, Swartkops River system, -
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<geoCoordinate id="7D47B5327EB3771FCCD460A27B007C86" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-33.7">33.7000S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7BCF0587FCD741547D4681A1775B1FC8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="25.28">25.2800E</geoCoordinate>
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, collected by ER Swartz and B Ellender, 20 April 2010; SAIAB 97366,
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<taxonomicName id="05E3D217DC295ABDAA4B9D86A19E268B" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
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, 6 unsexed (31.9-70.8 mm SL), Groendal Wilderness, Swartkops River system, -
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<geoCoordinate id="3C49EDC5E6ABAC5355925FB2C97CC5B8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-33.7">33.7000S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="91D5060FD499EB91B74661A0701C8C57" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="25.29">25.2900E</geoCoordinate>
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, collected by B Ellender, 13 April 2010.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FF00E5815DF9C0612E73D6D461E3CE7" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="0C6AAF4CC48A182B5EB71140C0A4D071" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F0D661ADCD7E6C74D785CE67C27ABEC1" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName id="39D080A2DB9B75BD452A1E733635DA19" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">afer</taxonomicName>
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means African (citizen).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8E0D2985CDCE9EA45F76D90FAA4648E5" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="225AA1BB913930240128B7BFB6004E8E" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C61C473CA23FDAA0D2AF2D55897A311" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
|
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<taxonomicName id="A7E26AEFB408C80464CC5AAD0F6DE092" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="ED878A310DD12FC1CE70FF7743A96FE6" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus burchelli" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burchelli">Pseudobarbus burchelli</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="953ACF404B2B07A9609D73C17AE642FB" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus burgi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burgi">Pseudobarbus burgi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1B836889121C7CDDA0A49DBC45D708EB" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus skeltoni" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="skeltoni">Pseudobarbus skeltoni</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EDD7ACD110021CEFD9A00C83BAC92A2" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus verloreni" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verloreni">Pseudobarbus verloreni</taxonomicName>
|
||
by possession of a single pair of oral barbels. Possession of fewer and larger scales separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3ABED8F5E281FC7400E7453DC5ECFA6E" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
(29-35, mode 32 scale rows along the lateral line) from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05043EF2D62AC3D389BC1FC541751F58" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus quathlambae" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quathlambae">Pseudobarbus quathlambae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(> 60 scale rows along the lateral line) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90CA2A9EB0A817BB5666132CE79D9F3B" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus asper" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asper">Pseudobarbus asper</taxonomicName>
|
||
(> 35 scales along the lateral line). Lack of a mid-dorsal stripe and a relatively deeper head and body profile separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="199BAD9FB6A9BDD45E8EC7C0327BBAA3" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
(mean head depth: 71.8 % HL (range: 66.5-78.2%); mean body depth: 25.3% SL (range: 22.5-31.6%) from the more slender bodied
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BA0CD35395612EE5C157F330AF4DCD72" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus tenuis" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenuis">Pseudobarbus tenuis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(average head depth: 65.9 % HL (range: 61.1-71.2%); average body depth: 22.4 %SL (range: 18.8-26.8%)). Lack of prominent black spots and patches on the body distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="50B975BDFBB3FF6B4A600BEC720F4742" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6A99C74F6FEEE68D0B043119D244E92" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus phlegethon" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phlegethon">Pseudobarbus phlegethon</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A12C099668BA57CF27D7FCFB03479B3" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="108290D218A67544F0DE575C9124487B" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="736F1045645298F7AE613C64823449B9" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A272B9952ACCC4B137C610478421774" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus asper" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asper">Pseudobarbus asper</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Barbel length and the number of scale rows along the lateral line separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64261EFEAAE43E9D5BEF0643843294E4" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
from these three species. Short barbels which do not reach the vertical through the posterior margin of the eye and a higher number of lateral line scales (29-35, mode 32) distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46CF483373E72E611004341042771937" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="118C3F95BEA7B7CBACAB14C983C47214" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
whose barbels reach or surpass the vertical through posterior edge of eye and has fewer and larger scales (lateral line scales 25-30, mode 29; caudal peduncle scales 10-12, mode 11; Figure 4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="157262565125DF1C4230A15A8E93B261" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B4C5331CC06A1C93D8C6F3DA1DBE8EC" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BC6EBED6E167343A6BE9FA3B3387B601" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lack of a blotch of pigment at the base of the caudal fin, while the lateral stripe in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="38043C305EE46268C57684A112B78C3C" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
terminates in a triangular blotch at the base of the caudal fin (Figure 6a).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7786C5E8EA26D4CA3E082CEDE7B828C0" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BE1A8BEC0E29D092F2B2356AC9D114A" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. by possession of fewer scale rows along the lateral line (29-35, mode 32 vs 34-37, mode 36 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6F03DB885F99F4558A5B168DBC5EC4A" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Figure 4a) and fewer scales around the caudal peduncle (12-16, mode 12 vs 13-17, mode 16 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4050E8411C3CFBA5A4CD82203C811DC5" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Figure 4b).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D8A3335E61D70326B3D5659180E89400" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a distinct mesh-like pigmentation pattern below the lateral line which further separates this species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6E2F28DBDF5D82AB70EE0B0E27C7EEE5" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
which lacks discernible pigmentation pattern on the latero-ventral scales (Figure 6a, d).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="75E33D82BD756F5E34566CCE55B86D34" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.s is separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BC56D5394363F423547E82498604A75" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus asper" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asper">Pseudobarbus asper</taxonomicName>
|
||
by possession of fewer and larger scales (lateral line scale series 29-35, mode 32 vs 35-45, mode 37-40; caudal peduncle scale rows 12-16, mode 12 vs 16-22, mode 18-20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CDBA62C3E718791D4ECA3D2CC6C678AD" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<paragraph id="7AF0A81BC549B28676FF9ED9069153B2" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Figure 6. Preserved colours of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="929D82F7713080FC111776B4D5D6C916" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.s topotype (SAIAB 203790) from the Waterkloof River, Swartkops River system,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02CAB112DA0B73F53CCD083206632091" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (SAIAB 304) from the Assegaaibosch River, Krom River system,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E0E3A7E646F79B801AAF550694CFBCB" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
topotype (SAIAB 200302) from the Assegaaibosch River, Krom River system, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FE2A51B3A2B097ECC9019BA660650BD7" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. holotype (SAIAB 203792) from a tributary of the Wabooms River, Gamtoos River system. Note the differences in the arrangement of melanophores which produces distinct patterns on the latero-ventral scales of the three species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="421B4F0D63C27874FEED5E026181AA83" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC142B2F8370E49C79128177CB7877CA" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5801E270689E2628FAE371DC250E8B96" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">Morphometric and meristic data summarised in Table 4 are based on three syntypes and 68 specimens (43-82 mm SL) from the Sundays, Swartkops and Baakens River systems. General body shape and colouration are shown in Figures 5a, 6a, 7a.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1C7514722F79107A103082061499E4B4" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<paragraph id="59674940C5DC6321D5C089725AA12856" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Figure 7. Map of the eastern Cape Fold Ecoregion showing confirmed distributions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6B72754AD182196707F48767778D91F4" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus senticeps" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senticeps">Pseudobarbus senticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
(turquois diamonds) restricted to the Krom River system),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2551D088D0CBEA1A56B1990CAAFD2F93" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus swartzi" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swartzi">Pseudobarbus swartzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (blue squares) (restricted to the Gamtoos River system and the Kabeljous and Seekoei Rivers) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3890CF7FB90D6B58EFD3D8A4B2BCABFD" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.s (red circles)(Baakens, Swartkops and Sundays River systems) based on recent surveys (2000-2016). Additional surveys are required to more accurately map the distribution ranges of these species in the Krom, Gamtoos, Swart, Kabeljous, Baakens and Sundays, and determine the status of populations in the Seekoei and Maitland River systems (open squares).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8C7C96253C7DF84A7E3403B5BD0833D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="8" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Body fusiform, more or less laterally compressed, with dorsal profile generally more convex than ventral profile. Body deepest around the anterior bases of the dorsal and pelvic fins. Caudal peduncle length is almost twice its depth. Head length sub-equal to body depth, snout slightly blunt, mouth sub-terminal and sickle shaped, with a single pair of simple short maxillary barbels. Barbel length shorter than orbit diameter, barbels do not surpass the vertical through posterior margin of pupil. Eyes moderately
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="4FBEF4FFFD66967E745E64A7F4D71CBD" pageId="9" pageNumber="118" start="start">large</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, located dorsolaterally, closer to tip of snout than to the posterior margin of gill cover, orbit diameter shorter than snout length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3E1671268E02C634B8796011F81DD349" pageId="9" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3ABB575ACA48C039AC42B713C4B1C628" genus="Tuberculation" lsidName="Tuberculation" pageId="9" pageNumber="118" rank="genus">Tuberculation</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Mature breeding males develop large conical tubercles on the snout and head dorsum. The bilateral clusters on the snout include 2-4 tubercles. Scattered tubercles on dorsal surface of head smaller than those on the snout. Minute tubercles develop in bands on the dorsal surface of pectoral fin rays and a row along the free edge of latero-dorsal scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5DA1F9E25505F6BF2AA32A963875777A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="9" pageNumber="118">
|
||
Scales. 29-34 scale rows along the lateral line to end of hypural plate (point of flexure), 1-2 more scales to base of caudal fin. Of the 68 specimens examined, only 13 had
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="214317987D4ACF8AC513503174442867" pageId="10" pageNumber="119" start="start">29</pageBreakToken>
|
||
-30 scale rows along the lateral line and only five specimens had 35 lateral line scale rows. The rest of the specimens (50) had 31-34 scale rows along the lateral line. Four to six scale rows between lateral line and anterior base of dorsal fin (dorsal fin origin), 3-5 scale rows between lateral line and pelvic fin origin, 3-5 scale rows between lateral line and anal fin origin, 14-16 pre-dorsal scale rows (from posterior edge of head to anterior base of dorsal fin), 12-16 circumpeduncular scales. Triangular naked patch between the gill covers and anterior base of pectoral fins, ventral scales between pectoral fin origin and pelvic fin origin reduced and embedded. Axillary scales of pelvic fin not prominent or elongate. Scales between posterior edge of head and dorsal fin origin embedded and smaller than flank scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D021CF5C576CEEDC830DC4BADC0D671" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">Fins. Dorsal fin situated almost in the centre of the body (excluding caudal fin), origin slightly behind vertical through origin of pelvic fin, with 3-4 unbranched rays and 6-7 branched rays, distal margin straight to slightly concave, tip of depressed dorsal fin reaches within 1-2 scales to vertical through posterior base of anal fin. Pectoral fins fan-shaped, larger in males than females, with 14-17 rays, often reaches and surpasses base of pelvic fin in males, reaches 2 scales to base of pelvic fin in females. Pelvic fin with 8-9 rays, origin slightly in front of dorsal fin origin, tip of depressed pelvic fin does not reach anterior origin of anal fin, except in mature males. Anal fin with 3 simple rays and 5 (rarely 6) branched rays, distal margin almost straight to slightly convex, origin closer to anterior base of pelvic fin than caudal fin base. Caudal fin is obtusely forked, with a mode of 10+9 principal rays.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7674A44A7682ECB4E9B49F836DE06A4E" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">Osteology. Total vertebrae including Weberian apparatus 36-39 (mode 37), predorsal vertebrae including Weberian apparatus 11-13 (mode 12), precaudal vertebrae including Weberian apparatus 18-20 (mode 19), caudal vertebrae including Weberian apparatus 17-19 (mode 18).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D98F086C5E1DBD780F0B9D6C02F46753" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">Colouration (live and fresh specimens). Refer to Figure 5a for general live colouration. Dorsum grey-black, sides and belly silvery white, base of fins bright red in adults. Vague dark mid-lateral band from behind the head to the base of the caudal fin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5232E5DC43E6E6164FCFA6640AE810B9" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">Colouration (preserved). The bright red pigmentation on base of fins and silvery colouration fades in preservative (Figure 6a). Dorsum and flanks above lateral line dark greyish. Belly off-white to yellow in most specimens. Band of pigment around centre of scales, basal segment of exposed area of scales without pigment, leaving a lighter band along distal edges of scales, producing a mesh or net-like pattern which is more pronounced on dorso-lateral scales (Figure 6a).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="31C7719166F09B0CC0B957914A43B34D" pageId="10" pageNumber="119" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="49D656659C86ECB53026520288F1F480" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="04AA0A28E931E1703D13B9F26DC847DA" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24F3CB57AD069EA371A84F3091DEEBD6" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="119" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.s. (referred to as the 'Mandela
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7CDD05737BAE518D46D3E8EE02B5A273" originalValue="lineage’">lineage'</normalizedToken>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3023F82963533319BD8C1EFE98C08152" author="Swartz, ER" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="2086 - 2099" title="Sea-level changes, river capture and the evolution of populations of the Eastern Cape and fiery redfins (Pseudobarbusafer and Pseudobarbusphlegethon, Cyprinidae) across multiple river systems in South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01768.x" volume="34" year="2007">Swartz et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) occurs in three isolated river systems (the Sundays, Swartkops and Baakens) which discharge into Algoa Bay near Port Elizabeth (Figure 7). Remnant populations of this species are highly fragmented, persisting in only a few less degraded upland tributaries that have not been invaded by alien species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1932B50764FB26B82E7E793A2BE3B718" author="Ellender, BR" journalOrPublisher="African Zoology" pageId="24" pageNumber="133" pagination="39 - 46" title="Invasion of a headwater stream by non-native fishes in the Swartkops River system, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2011.11407477" volume="46" year="2011">Ellender et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2F7DE4863C849BA5858A71919E832F1A" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="10" pageNumber="119" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="F75C4AF896740EEEEF9BCBB50D6C032B" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="43736B448066B0D094DA65B45C4024F1" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="10" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Once common and widely distributed throughout the Sundays, Swartkops and Baakens River systems,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7076ADBEB37728D693567D830ADE39DD" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="119" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
suffered severe decline in distribution and abundance, mainly due to invasion by alien predators and competitors, deterioration of water quality and loss of critical habitat. Consequently, this species
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="82A26C59255E1B1B1137B9C93B86C91F" pageId="11" pageNumber="120" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04653E6775CAF0B7149907AD721C71C1" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="120" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Peters, 1864) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9484848B927EC8EA58F1B1BD96E9A5B7" pageId="11" pageNumber="120">Tweddle et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
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) was listed as Endangered during the most recent IUCN assessment of the status and distribution of freshwater fishes in southern Africa (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="5CFF0E405925CF912C527E36F8933EE8" pageId="11" pageNumber="120">Tweddle et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Invasion by alien fish was identified as the single most important threat to this species. Long-term persistence of this species in the Baakens River system is uncertain as the entire catchment of this system has been heavily urbanised and the river is now heavily infested with non-native species, particularly
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<taxonomicName id="BA98E52DF000C09B9091AD8F1B83A7A8" family="Cichlidae" genus="Tilapia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tilapia sparrmanii" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="120" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sparrmanii">Tilapia sparrmanii</taxonomicName>
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and
|
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<taxonomicName id="06E1C32054DCC0523873AABC0B225033" family="Cichlidae" genus="Pseudocrenilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudocrenilabrus philander" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="120" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philander">Pseudocrenilabrus philander</taxonomicName>
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(personal observations, March 2014). There is urgent need for comprehensive surveys to determine the status of the Baakens population and identify measures to prevent its eradication. The conservation status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F2CC1B64C56F46A3198CECF82567848" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Pseudobarbus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudobarbus afer" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="120" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">Pseudobarbus afer</taxonomicName>
|
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s.s is being reassessed as part of a national program that is assessing the conservation status of all freshwater fishes of South Africa.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |