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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.97.101635" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5ab69004-5b78-4c40-8be1-95be695df159" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-97-21" ID-Pensoft-UUID="534AF947208A562E91E2FDA8500E525F" ModsDocID="1314-4049-97-21" checkinTime="1683131498088" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhao, Rui, Mao, Li-Juan &amp; Zhang, Chu-Long" docDate="2023" docId="B5993F20A0675EEDB97F73FC67063C8E" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 97: 21-40" docOrigin="MycoKeys 97" docPubDate="2023-05-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.97.101635" docTitle="Trichoderma paradensissimum C. L. Zhang 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="534AF947208A562E91E2FDA8500E525F" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="534AF947208A562E91E2FDA8500E525F" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) from soils in China" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1683132249736" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Three new species of Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) from soils in China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhao, Rui</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mao, Li-Juan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-6386</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhang, Chu-Long</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5180-0348</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">clzhang@zju.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-05-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>97</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>21</mods:start>
<mods:end>40</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.97.101635</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.97.101635</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-97-21</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">534AF947208A562E91E2FDA8500E525F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="taxonomy">
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5993F20A0675EEDB97F73FC67063C8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5993F20A0675EEDB97F73FC67063C8E" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName LSID="B5993F20-A067-5EED-B97F-73FC67063C8E" authority="C. L. Zhang" authorityName="C. L. Zhang" authorityYear="2023" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Trichoderma paradensissimum" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="paradensissimum" status="sp. nov.">Trichoderma paradensissimum C.L. Zhang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="21">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cultures and anamorph of T. paradensissimum strain T 31823 a-d cultures on different media at 25 ° C with a 12 h light and 12 h darkness cycle after 7 d (a on PDA b on MEA c on CMD d on SNA) e culture on PDA at 35 ° C with darkness after 7 d f conidiation pustules on PDA after 7 d g, j-m conidiophores and phialides (g, j on CMD 3 d k-m on SNA 3 d) h conidia i chlamydospores. Scale bars: 10 μm (g-m)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.97.101635.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/844045" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
The Latin specific epithet &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">para</emphasis>
&quot; means similar, and &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">paradensissimum</emphasis>
&quot; refers to the phylogenetic proximity and morphological similarity to
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. densissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="densissimum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. densissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. paradensissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="paradensissimum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. paradensissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by the green to yellow and white pustules formed inconspicuously zonate on PDA or MEA at 25 °C of a 12- h photoperiod after 7 d.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.97.101635.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/844045" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Cultures and anamorph of
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. paradensissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="paradensissimum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. paradensissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strain T31823
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">a-d</emphasis>
cultures on different media at 25 °C with a12 h light and 12 h darkness cycle after 7 d (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">a</emphasis>
on PDA
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">b</emphasis>
on MEA
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">c</emphasis>
on CMD
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">d</emphasis>
on SNA)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">e</emphasis>
culture on PDA at 35 °C with darkness after 7 d
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">f</emphasis>
conidiation pustules on PDA after 7 d
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">g, j-m</emphasis>
conidiophores and phialides (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">g, j</emphasis>
on CMD 3d
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">k-m</emphasis>
on SNA 3d)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">h</emphasis>
conidia
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">i</emphasis>
chlamydospores. Scale bars: 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">g-m</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="T31823" collectingDate="2015-06" collectorName="Y. Jiang" country="China" elevation="929" latitude="35.449417" location="Jincheng City" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="112.75528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shanxi Province" typeStatus="Holotype">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Shanxi">Shanxi Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5993F20A0675EEDB97F73FC67063C8E:B4497EE35914EA6C79F82464568BD865" country="China" latitude="35.449417" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="112.75528" name="Jincheng City" stateProvince="Shanxi Province">Jincheng City</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.9" value="35.449417">35°26'57.9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.0" value="112.75528">112°45'19.0&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.29" unit="m" value="929.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.29" unit="m" value="929.0">929 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt., isolated from soils of wheat rhizosphere,
<collectingDate value="2015-06">Jun 2015</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Y. Jiang</collectorName>
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/T31823">T31823</accessionNumber>
(
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
CGMCC 3.24125, stored in a metabolically inactive state. Ex-type culture CGMCC 3.24125)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Optimum temperature for growth is 30 °C on CMD, PDA and SNA and 25 °C on MEA. Chlamydospores were common on all media.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Colony radius on CMD after 72 h: 40-42 mm at 25 °C, 63-64 mm at 30 °C, 38-40 mm at 35 °C. Colony well-defined, white, aerial myceli loose and radial. White minute pustules were noted after 2 d around the inoculation plug, white at first, turning yellow green after 3-4 d, then dark green after 5-6 d. Around the point of inoculation, conidiation from dark green to pale green, inconspicuously zonate. Distinctive odor absent. The production of pigment was related to light, media and temperature: around the point of inoculation, it was yellowish at 35 °C in the dark.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Colony radius on PDA after 72 h: 59-65 mm at 25 °C, 64-67 mm at 30 °C, 20-24 mm at 35 °C. Colonies similar to that on MEA. Pustules were noted after 4-5 d. After 7 d, the green to yellow and white pustules were formed as inconspicuously zonate. Distinctive odor absent. The production of pigment was related to light and temperature; it was yellowish at 35 °C in the dark.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Colony radius on MEA after 72 h 58-59 mm at 25 °C, 51-53 mm at 30 °C, 34-35 mm at 35 °C. Colonies white and thick, regularly circular and radial, aerial myceli dense. A few white-yellow large pustules formed inconspicuously zonate. Diffusing pigment or distinctive odor absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
Colony radius on SNA after 72 h 35-37 mm at 25 °C, 43-44 mm at 30 °C, 15-16 mm at 35 °C. Colony pale white; aerial myceli loose. Conidiation was minute pustules, radial and inconspicuously zonate. Around the point of inoculation, the pustules were green, but white far away from the inoculation. Diffusing pigment or distinctive odor absent. Conidiophores pyramidal; the main axis with side branches sometimes at right angles or inclined upward. The main axis and each branch commonly terminating verticillate, whorl of 3 phialides, sometimes solitary. Phialides ampulliform, (5.4-)7.4-11.0(-15.0)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(2.1-)2.7-3.1(-3.3)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean = 9.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), base (1.6-)1.8-2.3(-2.6)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean = 2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
); phialide length/width ratio (2.1-)2.6-3.7(-4.9)(mean = 3.2) (n = 30). Conidia subglobose to globose, green, (2.6-)2.7-3.0(-3.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(2.4-)2.5-2.9(-3.2)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean = 2.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), with length/width ratio of 1.0-1.2 (mean = 1.1) (n = 30). Chlamydospores abundant, common single, sometimes terminal and intercalary, globose to subglobose, (4.6-)5.1-6.2(-6.8)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(3.7-)4.6-5.9(-6.7)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean = 5.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
); length/width ratio 1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.3(mean = 1.1) (n = 30).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="sexual morph">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Sexual morph.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="substrate">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Substrate.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Soil.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">China, Shanxi Province.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="T31824" collectingDate="2015-06" collectorName="Y. Jiang" country="China" elevation="929" latitude="35.449474" location="Jincheng City" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="112.75539" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shanxi Province">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Shanxi">Shanxi Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5993F20A0675EEDB97F73FC67063C8E:729DDBDCCD55D7ACE6F9F578F9E167A8" country="China" latitude="35.449474" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="112.75539" name="Jincheng City" stateProvince="Shanxi Province">Jincheng City</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.1" value="35.449474">35°26'58.1&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.4" value="112.75539">112°45'19.4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.29" unit="m" value="929.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.29" unit="m" value="929.0">929 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt., isolated from soil of wheat rhizosphere,
<collectingDate value="2015-06">Jun 2015</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Y. Jiang</collectorName>
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/T31824">T31824</accessionNumber>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
Similar species can be distinguished according to the pigment:
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. paradensissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="paradensissimum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. paradensissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can produce yellowish pigment on PDA and CMD at 35 °C in the dark, whereas
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. guizhouense" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="guizhouense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. guizhouense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
typically at 35 °C reverse forming a dull orange to brown pigment. However,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. densissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="densissimum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. densissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asiaticum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="asiaticum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. asiaticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. simile" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="simile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. simile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. zelobreve" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="zelobreve">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. zelobreve</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot produce diffusing pigment on PDA.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Z.J.Cao &amp; W.T.Qin" authorityYear="2022" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Trichoderma pholiotae" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pholiotae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Trichoderma pholiotae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. paradensissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="paradensissimum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. paradensissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can both produce yellow pigment on PDA, but
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pholiotae" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="pholiotae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. pholiotae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a slightly fruity odor on both PDA and CMD, while
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. paradensissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="paradensissimum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">T. paradensissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not have a distinctive odor (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111154" author="Cao, Z" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Diversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" refId="B11" refString="Cao, Z, Qin, W, Zhao, J, Liu, Y, Wang, S, Zheng, S, 2022. Three new Trichoderma species in Harzianum clade associated with the contaminated substrates of edible fungi. Journal of Fungi 8(11): e1154. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111154" title="Three new Trichoderma species in Harzianum clade associated with the contaminated substrates of edible fungi. Journal of Fungi 8 (11): e 1154." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111154" year="2022">Cao et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>