153 lines
17 KiB
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153 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="0FBE901674C39EBC2D335908EC586D0B" ID-CLB-Dataset="32470" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.13064" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a41e4f72-f78a-4af6-abe9-b4f79cabc796" ID-PMC="PMC5523354" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-683-25" ID-PubMed="28769727" ID-ZooBank="DC048870FD224EB2936A88ED6B12E913" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-683-25" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 683" ModsDocTitle="African Neotermes: redescriptions of imago and soldier castes of N.aburiensis and N.agilis (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae)" checkinTime="1502744552636" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Onagbola, Ebenezer O. & Scheffrahn, Rudolf H." docDate="2017" docId="68417BA3D706F47D1D0D1F423A84ADC3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 683: 25-37" docOrigin="ZooKeys 683" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.13064" docTitle="Neotermes agilis Sjoestedt 1902" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="8B04152DFFE1FFA1FFA1FF2CFFE8FF81" masterDocTitle="African Neotermes: redescriptions of imago and soldier castes of N. aburiensis and N. agilis (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae)" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1701383239324" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D6AA92D8B70F36EE0DC663F39D597D8D">
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<mods:title id="4C362AD51DDEA67AA99415F5FE0B55D6">African Neotermes: redescriptions of imago and soldier castes of N. aburiensis and N. agilis (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="49A41AC1DB8CF56667B5C8E300A0AEF3">Onagbola, Ebenezer O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5406E3778335DA1C6C870DFBABCDFE24">Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="99C601CF6C1EFE6EF834E9F98A751236">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A4B9EFF5ADB290C75F743FE006563044">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5C5BE68B49553985C9BBC1CB55C2CD97">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="80B0FC33C7476235EB064A1E6B6FD16A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0604FB490FD031A0563CF8291533E9EE">683</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B6DFA1D9563BDE94C849B297DE74BBC1">25</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7E44F350B6E798CEA9585BD06917F2C0">37</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="D807C8D215FFDF914A32501BFF66F0CA">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.13064</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="B0E89C814A856F08BF4D919F48020F04">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="54A3986CDA81A1B082868B84597B539C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.13064</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="68417BA3D706F47D1D0D1F423A84ADC3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132648975" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:68417BA3D706F47D1D0D1F423A84ADC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/68417BA3D706F47D1D0D1F423A84ADC3" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="BD1DE3C9946E08A5E3B0A61F0432D749" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3FBA21F03B6983928CD65B1559D20B8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="3433D8E5A84AD0246E55BEA2009447DA" ID-CoL="6RXD4" authority="Sjoestedt, 1902" authorityName="Sjoestedt" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">
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Neotermes agilis (
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<normalizedToken id="B08694F6EA003BE7F2A9808AAB3B3AE5" originalValue="Sjöstedt">Sjoestedt</normalizedToken>
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, 1902)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="36CA5C302D6A97B0E33140920BCBE004" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0ECAFDDEF5F51FC8F48F5141E6EBCBE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="D7069E6B84A26D4C87E9646E2AD58159" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Calotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">Calotermes agilis</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="8BF5E41156646EACAE1F22ABB337AAE5" author="Sjoestedt, Y" journalOrPublisher="Entomologisk Tidskrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="302 - 304" title="Neue afrikanische Termiten." volume="23" year="1902">
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<normalizedToken id="C24E921564C545B3DA9873190B3DCDC7" originalValue="Sjöstedt">Sjoestedt</normalizedToken>
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1902
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 302 (imago).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1CE3094E506AD3C57A8E7CB4F225666E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="AB87933F2E68B8F00599F1B597B7562F" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Calotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">Calotermes agilis</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="0E8E8712D72538D399AD1552A1E4F53F" author="Sjoestedt, Y" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 120" title="Monographie der Termiten Afrikas. Nachtrag" volume="38" year="1904">
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<normalizedToken id="C0600DDE6E8BD141C3D1AFE992F9B255" originalValue="Sjöstedt">Sjoestedt</normalizedToken>
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1904
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 15-16 (imago described; Cameroon).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AFB4A3934952F12038FDA6431CF34B87" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="883784B8193C8B94229AA462EFDA1F0F" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">Neotermes agilis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8AA874D8A27C4F61138D48129C59780D" author="Krishna, K" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="303 - 408" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic study of the family Kalotermitidae (Isoptera)." volume="122" year="1961">Krishna 1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 325 (comb. n.).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7CE303E7E155EE603E2C8FFDAC98485D" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="48FC54A03C4B88CFC55334E77F4F81A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A19890E9C6F2335D5494DA371F37E523" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">GHANA, Bobiri Butterfly Reserve; 6.690, -1.338, 12 Sept 2006, L.R. Davis, UF no. AFR188; 2 soldiers, 16 alates, nymphs ex: "hard chunk of wood"; 2 alates, 2 nymphs, and soldier photographs sent to K. Krishna 12 Oct 2006.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FC3EF77A14E1B2CCF97A8D2826524BE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Imago (Fig. 5, Table 3). Small species. Head with vertex and frons reddish-brown grading to light reddish brown in posterior; lighter near suture of anteclypeus. Pronotum concolorous with dorsum of head except for a lighter area in anterior third; anteclypeus yellowish and labrum concolorous with genae. Tergites yellowish-brown, sternites pale yellow to hyaline. Coxa and femora pale yellow, femora and tarsi light brown. Chevron pattern from overlapping wing scales, meso- and metanotum concolorous with vertex. Eyes greyish black; ocelli and antennal articles concolorous with labrum. In dorsal view, lateral margins of head converge slightely; cranial sutures, thin but distinct. Vertex smooth, slight concavity of frons. Eyes large, slightly protruding, and nearly circular. Ocelli very large, ellipsoid, touching eye. Antennae with 14-16 articles. Pronotum in dorsal view subrectate. Anterior margin of pronotum weakly incised; posterior margin weakly incised in middle; lateral margins evenly rounded. A few scattered erect setae on head; pronotum with numerous long and shorter setae along margins (Fig. 5). Costal margin, radius, radial sector, and media of forewing brown and sclerotized along proximal 1/3 of wing, abrupty becoming hyaline for their remainders (Fig. 3). Median vein with weak posterior bend after suture; coalescing with radial sector at about half length of wing. RS+M hylaline with about 5 anterior branches. Cubitus brown just beyond suture line, with about 4 browish branches to proximal 1/5 of wing 6-7 hyaline branches beyond; membrane pigmented only in basal 1/5; remainder hyaline. Arolia absent. Mandible dentition typical of genus.</paragraph>
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<caption id="2BA67A827CDD782DB10FCA76C3B79807" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="7718FD18E4FDE244300B2B4AAE990540" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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Figure 5. Head and thorax of
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<taxonomicName id="799F27A0157B599FA10C19413038FC6F" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">Neotermes agilis</taxonomicName>
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imago. A Dorsal and B lateral views.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="EF44A3AB8443917B13BECE8C0E5063BE" ID-Table-UUID="EF44A3AB8443917B13BECE8C0E5063BE" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/EF44A3AB8443917B13BECE8C0E5063BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="D929A8E1A86B7713BFDBC2CEBA8711B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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Table 3. Measurements of
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<taxonomicName id="F0BB3411AA2F36FA384ABA366CF3DE47" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">Neotermes agilis</taxonomicName>
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imago (n=10).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="17762234FBB45BA555A6996D2A4D85A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<table id="AB4A658ED3A9391732EE4DAC6F0E8A03" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<tr id="916C7DB0F151B81F3660950CF5739216" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<th id="116CB06CB1654A4440204FFC1C730881" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Measurement</th>
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<th id="33E188E1B885160B04127653E9114E42" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">max</th>
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<th id="BC2731FF2F2C52764184175482A18D96" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">min</th>
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<th id="475019B43E751CC9A89841B5DD31825A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">mean</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6B5FF9F20FD8A071A192B0069074D97A" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Soldier (Fig. 6; Table 4). Monomorphic. Head capsule dark redish brown in a narrow strip anterior to antennae; remainder of head capsule light yellowish orange. Mandibles black beyond humps, humps dark reddish brown. Eye spots faint or absent. Pronotum light yellowish orange. Head capsule in dorsal view, subquadrate; lateral margins slightly convex. In lateral view, head capsule ellipsoid. Frons sloping from vertex ≅40°; mandibles curved upward ≅20°. Scattered medium and short setae on head capsule and pronotum. Periantennal carina weak; mandibles short and stout; left mandible with three submarginal teeth, right mandible with two large subapical teeth, distal tooth forming right angle with apical tooth, apical teeth angled 50°; basal humps slightly inflated. Labrum linguiform, medium-sized, with long terminal setae. Antennae with 12 articles, third article somewhat enlarged but shorter than fouth and fifth combined. Pronotum as broad as head, wide; anterior margin shallowly incised; anterolateral corners rounded ≅70°, lateral margins parallel; posterior margin rectate in middle. Front femora inflated.</paragraph>
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<caption id="56E372BE6F855C43BD0AA2A081D4922A" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="D1F87E3F02685DECCDF5501572A559DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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Figure 6. Head and pronotum of
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<taxonomicName id="C1AD47CD40CF8CB2EEA9952AC37C1C0A" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">Neotermes agilis</taxonomicName>
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soldier. A Dorsal B lateral, and C ventral views.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="27F9F962CC0B2FC2C0075A7D7BE13271" ID-Table-UUID="27F9F962CC0B2FC2C0075A7D7BE13271" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/27F9F962CC0B2FC2C0075A7D7BE13271" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="DF8DA9704C6181426238B4218B06CDF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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Table 4. Measurements of
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<taxonomicName id="6CAE2AFD5AFE820645ACBFBE9F6D294D" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes agilis" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">Neotermes agilis</taxonomicName>
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soldier (n=2).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="045F9175676EB4FF82DD4DA592094BC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<table id="69C8DA1CD770A48F849391CBAD2FC83E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<tr id="C940450971AB558134783D495EA4B32C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<th id="DFF97AE46E100CD1305239BA31FD635B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Measurement</th>
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<th id="8ADBE03D3CA1B169DB716E8ED2DD59F5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">max.</th>
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<th id="2F6DCD1365DD88F85F31179DC1570455" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">min.</th>
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<th id="C9F3B6A04A3DA3AE39A414309FC425DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">mean</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1F17FEA96F20633E78C8573D5063EBFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph id="E0EC7EDA114FFA1D71A01019E9103EEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6863D920AE2E7C05B437B4BA4E280834" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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The fore wing venation of
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<taxonomicName id="E413D605748E58BF3D7E5677858A67FC" lsidName="N. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="agilis">N. agilis</taxonomicName>
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is unique among
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<taxonomicName id="F99B7F9BB56B4872052710C9E21B4392" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotermes</taxonomicName>
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and other kalotermitids in that the major veins are hyaline beyond their bases and the radial sector and median veins coalesce to form a single vein. The venation of
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<taxonomicName id="8A8F152DA33883ABC9DA20F777B93DF9" lsidName="N. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="agilis">N. agilis</taxonomicName>
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is close to
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<taxonomicName id="40FDBA618EF62988C928849894AC48A5" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Rugitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rugitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rugitermes</taxonomicName>
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, but in
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<taxonomicName id="64649CCA213A20C8AD2B41A5002B22C4" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Rugitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rugitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rugitermes</taxonomicName>
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the distal two thirds of median vein is sclerotized. All other
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<taxonomicName id="5D6E78E9307FBF039D7804DF8C5E1382" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Neotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neotermes</taxonomicName>
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have fore wings with fully sclerotized major veins and a median vein which remains independent of the radial sector (see
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<bibRefCitation id="FA88F863CB0FC2C8FCAA78D2FCBE3F8A" author="Ware, JL" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Americana" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="64 - 72" title="Neotermesgnathoferrum (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae), a new species from Fiji that infests mahogany." url="https://doi.org/10.1664/09-RA-009R.1" volume="116" year="2010">Ware et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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). The soldier of
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<taxonomicName id="48526BCF3EA875156CA430678357E897" lsidName="N. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="agilis">N. agilis</taxonomicName>
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is among the smallest of the genus and has an unusually broad pronotum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |