119 lines
13 KiB
XML
119 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.437.7932" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7fe3260f-d539-4026-89fb-eabb49572377" ID-PMC="PMC4155732" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-437-109" ID-PubMed="25197214" ID-ZBK="D43512C818274C49A61ABAA4675CA506" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-437-109" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 437" ModsDocTitle="The sequoia-loving sprite, a new genus and species of fungus gnat (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from California" checkinTime="1451245403857" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kerr, Peter H." docDate="2014" docId="18C12C5E5594B3FB15558D658C83C0E0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 437: 109-126" docOrigin="ZooKeys 437" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.437.7932" docTitle="Spritella Kerr, 2014, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="BAA00509-5AFE-42E3-9A05-B10FE54A83E3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="113" masterDocId="FFA1FF8EFFBFFF90C50DFFFC8133321D" masterDocTitle="The sequoia-loving sprite, a new genus and species of fungus gnat (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from California" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="112" updateTime="1668159204312" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The sequoia-loving sprite, a new genus and species of fungus gnat (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from California</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kerr, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>437</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>109</mods:start>
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<mods:end>126</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.437.7932</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.437.7932</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-437-109</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D43512C818274C49A61ABAA4675CA506</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D43512C818274C49A61ABAA4675CA506</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152055367" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BAA00509-5AFE-42E3-9A05-B10FE54A83E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18C12C5E5594B3FB15558D658C83C0E0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="112" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Mycetophilidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="112" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/BAA00509-5AFE-42E3-9A05-B10FE54A83E3" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Spritella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spritella" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spritella</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="112">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="112" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Spritella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spritella sequoiaphila" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sequoiaphila">Spritella sequoiaphila</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. n., by current designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="112" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Three ocelli, antennae with 14 cylindrical flagellomeres, maxillary palpus 4-segmented, scutum raised above level of head, upper half of anepisternum with setae, ventro-posterior area of katepisternum with microsetae, tibial spurs 1:2:2. Wing membrane with macrotrichia; costa produced beyond tip of R5; subcosta long, ending at C, approximately at midpoint of wing; sc-r present, arising beyond origin of Rs; r-m missing because Rs and M1 touching or r-m present, short; M2 arising from discal cell basad of origin of Rs or at base of M1; cubital vein unforked, A1 well developed, reaching beyond origin of Rs. Male gonostylus without basal appendages.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Spritella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spritella" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spritella</taxonomicName>
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gen. n. resembles
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Acnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acnemia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acnemia</taxonomicName>
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Winnertz by its lack of a posterior fork and foreshortened medial stem. However, the new genus is readily separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Acnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acnemia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acnemia</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of setae on the anepisternum and katepisternum; sc-r arising well beyond origin of Rs; and by having male gonostylus without a basal process. Other sciophiline genera that also lack the cubital fork include
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Afrocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Afrocnemia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Afrocnemia</taxonomicName>
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Matile,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Cluzobra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cluzobra" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cluzobra</taxonomicName>
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Edwards,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Monoclona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monoclona" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Monoclona</taxonomicName>
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Mik, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Parvicellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parvicellula" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parvicellula</taxonomicName>
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Marshall. In the new genus, crossvein sc-r is clearly present unlike in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Afrocnemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Afrocnemia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Afrocnemia</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Cluzobra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cluzobra" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cluzobra</taxonomicName>
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; R4 is absent unlike in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Parvicellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parvicellula" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parvicellula</taxonomicName>
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; and the macrotrichia of wing membrane are decumbent, directed toward wing apex unlike in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Monoclona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monoclona" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Monoclona</taxonomicName>
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. The long subcostal vein of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Spritella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spritella" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spritella</taxonomicName>
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gen. n. (relative to wing length) and position of sc-r relative to Rs is also distinctively different from these genera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="3" pageNumber="112" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="112">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="3" pageNumber="112">
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Head shape in anterior view subequal, approximately as long as wide; medial eye margins farther apart dorsally than ventrally; antennal eye notch present, at least two ommatidia deep; interommatidial setulae present between all ommatidia; ocelli three, nearly linear; lateral ocellus between 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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and 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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its own diameter from eye margin, between 2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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and 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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its own distance from median ocellus; all ocelli dorsad of eye margin; occipital suture from median ocellus to occiput absent; frontal
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="113" start="start">suture</pageBreakToken>
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between median ocellus and ventral margin of frons complete, suture between lateral ocelli and eyes also present; frons with setae; face approximately 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, parallel-sided along most of length, bearing setulae throughout; face and clypeus separated by complete suture; clypeus ovate, approximately one-half length of face, covered with short setae. Antennal scape and pedicel subequal in size; scape with setae approximately 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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scape length; pedicel setae approximate length of pedicel; antennal flagellomeres 14, cylindrical, approximately 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, approximately the same length but thinner distally, densely covered with short setae. Palp with 4 visible segments, none with apparent sensory pit.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="113">Thorax (Fig. 2) raised, scutum dorsad of head position; short setae distributed throughout scutum, acrostichal setae present, bristles present along lateral margins of scutum; postalar wall and callus separated by carina; scutellum clearly wider than long, narrower than scutum; antepronotum and proepisternum with bristles; anepisternum with setae dorsally; anterior basalare bare; anapleural suture incomplete; katepisternum with setae ventro-posteriorly; anepimeron bare; anepisternum with few inconspicuous setulae; laterotergite raised ventrally, with bristles and shorter setae; metepisternum bare; mediotergite with three bands of bristles ventrally and shorter setae that extend along dorsoventral length, medially. Wing membrane covered with microtrichia and macrotrichia that are arranged irregularly; C ending beyond R5; dorsal surface of humeral vein without setae, ventral surface with setae; subcostal vein setose on both sides, ending in C, approximately at midpoint of wing; sc-r present, arising distad of origin of Rs; R1 setose on dorsal and ventral surfaces, although bare basad of Rs vein ventrally; vestigial M vein within discal cell present or absent; R4 not present, r-m present or absent (R5 joining M1 at junction with Rs); M1 setose above, bare below; M2 setose above, bare below, either arising from bM, from junction of M1 and Rs, or from base of M1; cubital vein unforked, setose above, bare below, ending at wing margin; CuP strong at base, extending apically as weak fold; anal vein strong, setose on both sides (less so ventrally), extending beyond origin of Rs. Legs elongate; coxae with dark, erect setae and lighter, shorter decumbent setae; femora with short, appressed setae and microtrichia; mid tibial organ absent; tibial spur formula 1:2:2; tibiae with short, appressed setulae and short, erect setae that are no longer than half widest width of tibia; tarsal claws small; empodium developed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="113">Abdomen with segments of subequal width; sternites with two longitudinal fold lines along length; in male, segments 8 modified so that genitalia orient upwards. Male terminalia with enlarged, hood-like epandrial sclerite (tergite IX); cerci and epiproct reduced; hypoproct with lightly sclerotized anterior apodemes; gonocoxites widely separated, joined by narrow medial bridge; gonostyli simple, without subtending appendages, inwardly-directed, and arising from middle area of gonocoxites. Female terminalia with first cerci elongate, second cerci ovoid, sternite 8 clearly larger than tergite 8.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="113" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="113">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="113">
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The genus name is feminine, derived from the English
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“sprite”">"sprite"</normalizedToken>
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and the Latin ending
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“-ella”">"-ella"</normalizedToken>
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, as a diminutive.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |