242 lines
31 KiB
XML
242 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3054b650-b609-4439-aff3-e7b6623c6807" ID-PMC="PMC8222241" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1044-229" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0B5B533D7CBA50819E2AEC264FE6D977" ID-PubMed="34183879" ID-ZooBank="7EC23192F85D4D2AA31E2694A59CB014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1044-229" checkinTime="1623875428746" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2021" docId="184DDEAA57195D15B7340C938CA489AA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1044: 229-268" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1044" docPubDate="2021-06-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674" docTitle="Paratachys haleakalae Liebherr 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="59217277-0305-4456-89D2-27B4DDE94649" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="0B5B533D7CBA50819E2AEC264FE6D977" lastPageNumber="229" masterDocId="0B5B533D7CBA50819E2AEC264FE6D977" masterDocTitle="Hawaiian Paratachys Casey (Coleoptera, Carabidae): small beetles of sodden summits, stony streams, and stygian voids" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="229" pageNumber="229" updateTime="1668150444214" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Hawaiian Paratachys Casey (Coleoptera, Carabidae): small beetles of sodden summits, stony streams, and stygian voids</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-884X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, John H. and Anna B. Comstock Hall, 129 Garden Ave., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 - 2601, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jkl5@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2021-06-16</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>1044</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>229</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>268</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1044-229</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7EC23192F85D4D2AA31E2694A59CB014</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">0B5B533D7CBA50819E2AEC264FE6D977</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182754102" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:59217277-0305-4456-89D2-27B4DDE94649" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/184DDEAA57195D15B7340C938CA489AA" lastPageNumber="229" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/59217277-0305-4456-89D2-27B4DDE94649" authority="Liebherr, 2021" authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paratachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paratachys haleakalae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haleakalae" status="sp. nov.">Paratachys haleakalae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="229">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Paratachys spp., male aedeagus, i. e., median lobe and associated smaller right paramere and larger left paramere (right lateral view) A P. terryli; Kauai: Namolokama Mtn., 23 - v- 2005 (CUIC) B P. arcanicola lectotype slide; " Tachys arcanicola Blackburn Type ♂ E. C. Z. (permanent slide, Euparal?, left paramere missing; NHMUK). " C P. haleakalae; East Maui: Haleakala N. P., Kipahulu Vy., 30 - iv- 1991 (CUIC) D-F P. aaa; Hawai'i I D Puna, Mountain View, Kazumura Cave, 21 - xi- 2018, lot HI 00713 (CUIC) E Kau, Ocean View, Kipuka Kanohina System, 21 - xi- 2017, lot HI 00179 (CUIC) F South Hilo, Kaumana Cave, 19 - iii- 2019, lot HI 00942 (CUIC); disassociated left paramere below, ectal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553679" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Figures 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratachys spp., left female gonocoxa, ventral view A P. terryli; Kauai: Namolokama Mtn., 23 - v- 2005 (CUIC) B P. haleakalae; East Maui: Haleakala N. P., Kipahulu Vy., 30 - iv- 1991 (CUIC) C P. aaa; Hawai'i I.; Mountain View, Kazumura Cave, 21 - xi- 2018, lot HI 00713 (CUIC). Abbreviations: afs, apical fringe seta; ans, apical nematiform setae; des, dorsal ensiform seta; gc 1, basal gonocoxite; gc 2, apical gonocoxite; les, lateral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553680" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">, 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distributional records for Paratachys spp.; P. perkinsi (type locality designated as Kawela Gulch at sea level (•) (see text); P. haleakalae (▪)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553683" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">, 8</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
female (CUIC; undissected, point-mounted): HI:Maui Haleakala N.P. / Kipahulu Vy. Central / Pali Tr. 910 m el. / 30-IV-1991 under logs // J.K. Liebherr / A.C. Medeiros / Jr. collectors // HOLOTYPE ♀ / Paratachys / haleakalae / J. K. Liebherr 2020.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Three specimens with same collection data as holotype (CUIC, 3; dissected male allotypic paratype and two female paratypes, one lacking left elytron; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paratachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paratachys haleakalae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haleakalae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Paratachys haleakalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal habitus view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">B</emphasis>
|
||
mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">C</emphasis>
|
||
larger compound eye of female, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">D</emphasis>
|
||
smaller compound eye of male; lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">E</emphasis>
|
||
stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
Immediately diagnosable among Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paratachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paratachys" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Paratachys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the narrow, more quadrate pronotum that is little constricted basally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
); MPW/PL = 1.29-1.36 and MPW/BPW = 1.21-1.26. The pronotal basal margin is shallowly sinuate just inside the hind angles, with the median basal margin extended posteriorly as a narrow collar. Elytral interneurs 1 and 2 are deep and broad on the disc, and interneur 3 is evident posterad dorsal seta Ed4. The eyes are somewhat variable, but always small and little convex; 4-7 ommatidia crossed by a horizontal diameter of the eye, and 6-9 ommatidia crossed by a vertical diameter (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The head, pronotum and elytra are a rich rufobrunneous, distinctly contrasted to the flavous antennae and legs. Standardized body length 2.3-2.4 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Head</emphasis>
|
||
narrow, ocular lobes little projected (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
), eyes small and little convex, OR = 1.14 for individuals with small eyes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8D</figureCitation>
|
||
) vs. OR = 1.20 for those with large eyes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8C</figureCitation>
|
||
); frontal grooves broadly depressed, slightly convergent from position of anterior supraorbital seta to frontoclypeal suture, not extended along suture, frons only slightly convex; antennae moderately elongate, antennomere 9 length twice diameter; mandibles elongate, distance from dorsal condyle to apex twice distance from condyle to anterolateral labral margin; labrum quadrate, anterior margin evenly emarginate across width, six-setose; penultimate maxillary palpomere broadened apically, apical palpomere a narrow spindle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
narrow, quadrate, lateral margins subparallel anterad right to slightly acute hind angles; depressed pronotal median base narrow, juncture with disc smooth, surface with irregular longitudinal wrinkles, basal margin smooth medially, only a very narrow marginal bead laterally along sinuosity behind laterobasal depressions; laterobasal depression deepest, pit-like just laterad median base; pronotal median impression finely incised to obsolete on flattened disc; anterior transverse impression obsolete medially and laterally toward narrowly rounded, not projected front angles.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
subquadrate, narrow, humeri rounded, EL/MEW = 1.53; basal groove present laterad position of fourth interneur, groove convexly joined to lateral marginal depression; lateral marginal depression moderately reflexed, of equal breadth from seta Eo2 to subapical sinuation.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Pterothorax</emphasis>
|
||
elongate, mesepisternal depression smooth posterad juncture with mesosternum; metepisternum elongate, lateral length 1.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
maximal width; metathoracic flight wings vestigial, the alae reduced to stenopterous flaps that extend to posterior margin of first abdominal tergite (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8E</figureCitation>
|
||
), vestiges of radial and medial veins visible in the wing membrane.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
with one seta each side of apical ventrite in male, two seta each side of ventrite in females.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Microsculpture</emphasis>
|
||
evident on all somites; frons covered with evident transverse mesh, sculpticells more isodiametric in broad frontal grooves; pronotum slightly iridescent due to elongate transverse sculpticells, median base with isodiametric sculpticells in wrinkles, elevated ridges glossy; elytra subiridescent due to a mix of elongate transverse-mesh and transverse-line microsculpture, the transverse lines denser laterally; abdominal ventrites iridescent, covered with swirling, elongate transverse sculpticells.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Pelage</emphasis>
|
||
present on head, prothorax, elytra, pterothorax, abdominal ventrites and legs; pelage on head and pronotal disc comprising microsetae separated by distances subequal to setal length (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), as well as along ommatidial margins of the eyes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Paratachys haleakalae A dorsal habitus view B mentum and associated mouthparts, ventral view C larger compound eye of female, lateral view D smaller compound eye of male; lateral view E stenopterous left metathoracic flight wing of female (elytron removed), dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553684" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">8B</figureCitation>
|
||
); microsetae spaced slightly farther apart on elytra, with intersetal distances up to twice microsetal length; prosternum and mesosternum covered with sparse pelage medially; pelage on abdomen present at middle of ventrite 2 between metalegs, and progressively more broadly on ventrites 3-6 (absent dorsad arc of metaleg movement); anterior surface of prothoracic femora sparsely covered with microsetae, anterior (ventral) surfaces of meso- and metathoracic legs more densely covered with elongate microsetae, the setal bases situated more closely than microsetal length, trochanters and coxae similarly covered with microsetae.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
moderately darkened; vertex and frons dark brunneous to piceous, clypeus flavo-brunneous, labrum flavous; antennomeres flavous, outer antennomeres 4-11 with slight smoky cast; maxillary and labial palps flavous; pronotal disc rufo-brunneous, median base paler, rufo-flavous; elytra dark brunneous, paler near scutellum and on humeri, sutural interval may be slightly paler, elytral lateral marginal depression rufo-flavous; elytral epipleuron rufo-flavous, concolorous with thoracic ventrites; abdominal ventrites dark brunneous medially, paler laterally; legs flavous from trochanters outward; pro- and mesocoxae concolorous with outer leg segments, metacoxae brunneous to match thoracic ventrites.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
with basal male protarsomere alone bearing a blunt, antero-apical process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="male genitalia">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Male genitalia.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
Aedeagal median lobe convex dorsally, ventral margin straighter, apex a broadly rounded knob densely covered with sensilla (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Paratachys spp., male aedeagus, i. e., median lobe and associated smaller right paramere and larger left paramere (right lateral view) A P. terryli; Kauai: Namolokama Mtn., 23 - v- 2005 (CUIC) B P. arcanicola lectotype slide; " Tachys arcanicola Blackburn Type ♂ E. C. Z. (permanent slide, Euparal?, left paramere missing; NHMUK). " C P. haleakalae; East Maui: Haleakala N. P., Kipahulu Vy., 30 - iv- 1991 (CUIC) D-F P. aaa; Hawai'i I D Puna, Mountain View, Kazumura Cave, 21 - xi- 2018, lot HI 00713 (CUIC) E Kau, Ocean View, Kipuka Kanohina System, 21 - xi- 2017, lot HI 00179 (CUIC) F South Hilo, Kaumana Cave, 19 - iii- 2019, lot HI 00942 (CUIC); disassociated left paramere below, ectal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553679" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
); flagellar complex broadly hemi-ovoid, apically covered with radiating cuticular ridges; right paramere narrow with three apical setae; left paramere moderately broadened, apically narrowed, the narrow apex with two setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="female reproductive tract">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Female reproductive tract.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
Bursa copulatrix short, broad, with spermathecal duct basal terminus at juncture of bursa and common oviduct (as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Paratachys aaa female reproductive tract, ventral view; Mountain View, Kazumura Cave, 21 - xi- 2018, lot HI 00713 (CUIC). Abbreviations: bc, bursa copulatrix; co, common oviduct; sd, spermathecal duct; sg, spermathecal gland; sp, spermatheca. Schematic drawing breaks spermathecal duct at " A " to accommodate drawing to page size. Estimated length of spermathecal duct 1.7 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553686" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">10</figureCitation>
|
||
); spermathecal duct elongate, at least 0.64 mm (duct broken in single attempted dissection); gonocoxa bipartite; basal gonocoxite 1 elongate, with a single apical fringe seta near apex of lateral apodeme (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratachys spp., left female gonocoxa, ventral view A P. terryli; Kauai: Namolokama Mtn., 23 - v- 2005 (CUIC) B P. haleakalae; East Maui: Haleakala N. P., Kipahulu Vy., 30 - iv- 1991 (CUIC) C P. aaa; Hawai'i I.; Mountain View, Kazumura Cave, 21 - xi- 2018, lot HI 00713 (CUIC). Abbreviations: afs, apical fringe seta; ans, apical nematiform setae; des, dorsal ensiform seta; gc 1, basal gonocoxite; gc 2, apical gonocoxite; les, lateral ensiform setae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553680" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
); apical gonocoxite 2 broadened basally, with lateral extension directed dorsad to ventral surface of coxite bearing the two lateral ensiform setae; one dorsal ensiform seta situated halfway between position of apical lateral seta and narrow, pointed apex; two apical nematiform setae situated in elongate fossa near apex of gonocoxite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
The species epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paratachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paratachys haleakalae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haleakalae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Paratachys haleakalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represents the first declension genitive form indicating the species is distributed on
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
|
||
Volcano, East Maui.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="229" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="229">
|
||
The type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. haleakalae" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" rank="species" species="haleakalae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">P. haleakalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is Dogleg Camp, so named because the site is near a prominence of the upper shelf of Kipahulu Valley at 3000 ft. (910 m) elevation,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="42.03" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="20.7005">20°42.03'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="156" direction="west" minutes="04.93" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-156.08217">156°04.93'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, that overlooks the lower part of the valley drained by Palikea Stream (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distributional records for Paratachys spp.; P. perkinsi (type locality designated as Kawela Gulch at sea level (•) (see text); P. haleakalae (▪)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1044.59674.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553683" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The forest at Dogleg Camp is montane wet forest dominated by large
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1854" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia koa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Acacia koa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Gray (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with lower stature
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheirodendron trigynum" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trigynum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Cheirodendron trigynum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gaud.) A. Heller, and woody herbaceous
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Hydrangeaceae" genus="Broussasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Broussasia arguta" order="Cornales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="arguta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Broussasia arguta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gaud. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Hydrangeaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Cornales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Hydrangeaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia" order="Campanulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Clermontia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gaud. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Campanulaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Campanulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Hedyotis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hedyotis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Hedyotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Pelea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pelea" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Pelea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Gray (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Goodeniaceae" genus="Scaevola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scaevola" order="Campanulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Scaevola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Goodeniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Goodeniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) also present. The climbing vine-like
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Freycinetia arborea" order="Pandanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="arborea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">Freycinetia arborea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gaud. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Pandanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is also quite common. That said, the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. haleakalae" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" rank="species" species="haleakalae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="229">P. haleakalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected from under a
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1854" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia koa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koa">Acacia koa</taxonomicName>
|
||
log round serving as a step on the pathway to the camp privy. The beetles were in voids amongst plant roots under the log round. This is perhaps the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
|
||
sole datum discounting the Darlington Rule: "Never roll rocks in the tropics (P.J. Darlington, Jr., pers. comm.)."
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |