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<document id="9AA8DCCAF6900343CDAAA3CAB245045B" ID-CLB-Dataset="24722" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4705.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e84f284-4d30-4c6e-a801-f9822d49edfc" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563677" ID-ZooBank="F534C43A-AB09-4CB3-9B08-FD5BDFD90298" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575538349781" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Weissman, David B. &amp; Gray, David A." docDate="2019" docId="182387A80940FFB051F6FF4B056BFF4D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4705.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4705 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gryllus locorojo Weissman &amp; Gray" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="E41AFFD00961FF925161FFD20157FF9A" masterDocTitle="Crickets of the genus Gryllus in the United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae)" masterLastPageNumber="277" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698772641233" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4145753A926BB18AC0FA02795DC12319">Crickets of the genus Gryllus in the United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="30B4356BB7F62C46DAA78CE2A94F3667">Weissman, David B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B9B7BC6AE08535C819D1C8FB29B2B286">Gray, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="300775770D2EE48B9695C608C15FD4DD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D1FB6932DBC9C60E10D3ABC5C82410A9">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="894253F42862185C2A4A0A3E6A9E9070">2019-12-05</mods:number>
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<treatment id="182387A80940FFB051F6FF4B056BFF4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5586258" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160630890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5586258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:182387A80940FFB051F6FF4B056BFF4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/182387A80940FFB051F6FF4B056BFF4D" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<subSubSection id="D89065350940FFB351F6FF4B00FFFF4D" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351F6FF4B031DFF29" blockId="33.[151,586,153,252]" box="[151,586,153,180]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="CB7D81D20940FFB351F6FF4B031DFF29" bold="true" box="[151,586,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB351F6FF4B031DFF29" authority="Weissman &amp; Gray" box="[151,586,153,180]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351F6FF4B031DFF29" bold="true" box="[151,586,153,180]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351F6FF4B000CFF2E" bold="true" box="[151,347,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Gryllus locorojo</emphasis>
Weissman &amp; Gray
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351F6FF6F00FFFF4D" blockId="33.[151,586,153,252]" box="[151,424,189,215]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Crazy Red Field Cricket</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D89065350940FFB051F6FF33056BFF4D" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351F6FF33009EFF61" blockId="33.[151,586,153,252]" box="[151,457,225,252]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB351F6FF330040FF61" box="[151,279,225,251]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 14" captionStart-1="FIGURE 15" captionStart-2="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="33.[151,250,1231,1256]" captionStartId-1="34.[151,250,825,850]" captionStartId-2="34.[151,250,1482,1507]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1383,283,778]" captionTargetBox-2="[157,1383,940,1436]" captionTargetId-0="figure@33.[340,1247,615,1211]" captionTargetId-1="figure@34.[151,1435,229,805]" captionTargetId-2="figure@34.[151,1435,900,1462]" captionTargetPageId-0="33" captionTargetPageId-1="34" captionTargetPageId-2="34" captionText-0="FIGURE 14. Head on view of male G. locorojo showing head stripes." captionText-1="FIGURE 15. Five second calling song of G. locorojo: (R12-3) commercial pet store, at 22°C." captionText-2="FIGURE 16. One second spectrogram of G. locorojo, same male as in Fig. 15." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3616085" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563705" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563707" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3616085/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3563705/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3563707/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 14–16</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB35043FF330017FF66" box="[290,320,225,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="69.[151,250,889,914]" captionTargetBox="[151,1384,436,793]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[151,1435,436,813]" captionText="FIGURE 54. ITS2 gene tree. G. multipulsator sample: S03-41 (G577); G. assimilis samples: S10-64 (G1901); S16-12 (G3367, G3373); G. locorojo sample: type locality (Rainbow Mealworms); G. veintinueve samples: S02-39 (G134); S07-21 (G1139); S07-27 (G1140, G1211); S09-71 (G1451); OK, Love Co., Hwy 32 at Boggy Creek (2015-055)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3616109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3616109/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">54</figureCitation>
, 62,
<tableCitation id="DD0803050940FFB35017FF33009EFF61" box="[374,457,225,251]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="17.[150,238,466,492]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary measurements for morphological and song characters for Gryllus species discussed in this paper." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C4F566360970FF8351F7FE0004D1FE76" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="C4F566360970FF8351F7FE0004D1FE76">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351F6FEF402F8FEC7" blockId="33.[151,1437,293,349]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
2012
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB351B3FEF403C9FEA7" authority="Weissman &amp; Gray. Zootaxa" authorityName="Weissman &amp; Gray. Zootaxa" box="[210,670,293,318]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351B3FEF4002DFEA4" box="[210,378,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Gryllus locorojo</emphasis>
Weissman &amp; Gray. Zootaxa
</taxonomicName>
3504: 67–88.
<typeStatus id="4F31881C0940FFB35255FEF40231FEA4" box="[820,870,294,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
<materialsCitation id="20E23CE30940FFB3520FFEF700B7FEC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464588002" country="United States of America" county="Los Angeles Co." location="Compton" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
locality:
<collectingCountry id="E89D762E0940FFB352A8FEF40557FEA4" box="[969,1024,294,318]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="524EF85C0940FFB3556BFEF70524FEA4" box="[1034,1139,293,318]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="79544E320940FFB3551EFEF4047BFEA4" box="[1151,1324,293,318]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Los Angeles Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="955560650940FFB35459FEF404CEFEA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:182387A80940FFB051F6FF4B056BFF4D:955560650940FFB35459FEF404CEFEA4" box="[1336,1433,294,318]" country="United States of America" county="Los Angeles Co." name="Compton" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="California">Compton</location>
, Rainbow Mealworms.
<typeStatus id="4F31881C0940FFB350CFFE9700B7FEC7" box="[430,480,325,349]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="20E23CE30940FFB35086FE960201FEC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464588021" box="[487,854,324,349]" collectionCode="CAS" country="United States of America" location="Entomology" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
deposited in
<collectionCode id="F69BAE7B0940FFB35309FE9603CBFEC6" box="[616,668,324,348]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
,
<location id="955560650940FFB353C7FE960274FEC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:182387A80940FFB051F6FF4B056BFF4D:955560650940FFB353C7FE960274FEC7" box="[678,803,324,349]" country="United States of America" name="Entomology" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="California">Entomology</location>
<typeStatus id="4F31881C0940FFB3524BFE970201FEC7" box="[810,854,325,349]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
#18657.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351F6FE590048FE77" blockId="33.[151,1437,395,601]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351F6FE59007FFE3F" box="[151,296,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from pet food stores and commercial cricket farms in North America, Europe, and western Asia. Original locality still unknown, but most likely somewhere in South America, perhaps
<collectingCountry id="E89D762E0940FFB355DCFE7D044DFE53" box="[1213,1306,431,457]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB35449FE7D0044FE77" author="Weissman, D. B. &amp; Gray, D. A. &amp; Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P." pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="67 - 88" refId="ref168812" refString="Weissman, D. B., Gray, D. A., Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P. (2012) Billions and billions sold: Pet-feeder crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), commercial cricket farms, an epizootic densovirus, and government regulations make for a potential disaster. Zootaxa, 3504, 67 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3504.1. 3" type="journal article" year="2012">
Weissman
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351F6FE060198FE77" box="[151,207,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351A6FE2A026AFDC3" blockId="33.[151,1437,395,601]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351A6FE2A0368FD8B" box="[199,575,503,529]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Recognition characters and song.</emphasis>
Body size medium-large, long or short hind wings, reddish/brownish colored (
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB351C1FDC901A2FDAF" box="[160,245,539,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1231,1256]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[340,1247,615,1211]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 14. Head on view of male G. locorojo showing head stripes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3616085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3616085/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
), head frequently with three or four longitudinal stripes.
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB352EAFDC90294FDAF" box="[907,963,539,565]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Song</emphasis>
variable (
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB35558FDC905C5FDAF" box="[1081,1170,538,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="34.[151,250,825,850]" captionTargetBox="[158,1383,283,778]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1435,229,805]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 15. Five second calling song of G. locorojo: (R12-3) commercial pet store, at 22°C." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563705/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB355C0FDC90597FDAF" box="[1185,1216,539,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1482,1507]" captionTargetBox="[157,1383,940,1436]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1435,900,1462]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. One second spectrogram of G. locorojo, same male as in Fig. 15." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563707/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">16</figureCitation>
; R
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB35585FDC9044AFDAF" box="[1252,1309,539,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1205,1230]" captionTargetBox="[157,1383,683,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1435,625,1185]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 12. Five second calling song of G. bimaculatus (R12-14) commercial pet store, at 25°C." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563701/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">12–3</figureCitation>
), usually 2 (range 1–3) p/c, less than 1 chirp/second,
<collectingRegion id="524EF85C0940FFB3530AFDED03DAFDC3" box="[619,653,575,601]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">PR</collectingRegion>
25–42 at 25°C.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C4F566360940FFB351F6FB1D0235FB72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3616085" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3616085" box="[151,866,1231,1256]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3616085/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[340,1247,625,1198]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351F6FB1D0235FB72" blockId="33.[151,866,1231,1256]" box="[151,866,1231,1256]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351F6FB1D0077FB72" bold="true" box="[151,288,1231,1256]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Head on view of male
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB3536DFB0203D7FB7D" box="[524,640,1231,1255]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3536DFB0203D7FB7D" box="[524,640,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. locorojo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing head stripes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB351A6FAC5035BF80E" blockId="33.[151,1437,1302,2012]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351A6FAC5001DFAAA" box="[199,330,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Discussion.</emphasis>
We repeat here the same concerns as under
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3524CFAC40288FAAA" box="[813,991,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB3524CFAC4028BFAAA" box="[813,988,1302,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculatus">G. bimaculatus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
As discussed in
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB355F7FAC404CFFAAA" author="Weissman, D. B. &amp; Gray, D. A. &amp; Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P." box="[1174,1432,1302,1328]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="67 - 88" refId="ref168812" refString="Weissman, D. B., Gray, D. A., Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P. (2012) Billions and billions sold: Pet-feeder crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), commercial cricket farms, an epizootic densovirus, and government regulations make for a potential disaster. Zootaxa, 3504, 67 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3504.1. 3" type="journal article" year="2012">
Weissman
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3546FFAC50469FAAA" box="[1294,1342,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. (2012)
</bibRefCitation>
, this is one of two non-native
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB350B6FAE8037CFACE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[471,555,1338,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB350B6FAE8037CFACE" box="[471,555,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Gryllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the other being
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35387FAE802C7FACE" box="[742,912,1338,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculatus">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35387FAE802C7FACE" box="[742,912,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. bimaculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that was being commercially raised in the
<collectingCountry id="E89D762E0940FFB35410FAE804C0FACE" box="[1393,1431,1338,1364]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">US</collectingCountry>
, in 2012, and shipped to
<collectingCountry id="E89D762E0940FFB350C2FA8C0090FAE2" box="[419,455,1374,1400]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">US</collectingCountry>
pet food stores for sale to the general public. Such activities will invariably result in the release, either by accident or on purpose, of this species into the environment, similar to what has probably occurred with
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB351B1FA7403E7FA5A" authority="(Weissman et al. 1980)" baseAuthorityName="Weissman et al." baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[208,688,1446,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Acheta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domesticus">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351B1FA7400F6FA5A" box="[208,417,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Acheta domesticus</emphasis>
(Weissman
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3534DFA750332FA5A" box="[556,613,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
1980)
</taxonomicName>
. The effect of such releases is unknown, as is whether or not these crickets can survive and multiply outside of commercial farms. We discussed (
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB3529FFA1805A7FA7E" author="Weissman, D. B. &amp; Gray, D. A. &amp; Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P." box="[1022,1264,1482,1508]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="67 - 88" refId="ref168812" refString="Weissman, D. B., Gray, D. A., Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P. (2012) Billions and billions sold: Pet-feeder crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), commercial cricket farms, an epizootic densovirus, and government regulations make for a potential disaster. Zootaxa, 3504, 67 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3504.1. 3" type="journal article" year="2012">
Weissman
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35519FA1905FEFA7E" box="[1144,1193,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) why oversight by federal and state regulatory agencies is inadequate and suspect that such surveillance has only gotten worse, since 2012, given continued tightening
<collectingCountry id="E89D762E0940FFB35332F9C00320F9B6" box="[595,631,1554,1580]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">US</collectingCountry>
federal budgets and malaise from both state and federal regulators. Additionally, we have no idea what the current commercial status is for these two non-native species because they are more aggressive and cannibalistic than the replaced
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35381F988022CF9EE" box="[736,891,1626,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Acheta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domesticus">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35381F988022CF9EE" box="[736,891,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A. domesticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and tend to bite the lizard they are being fed to. Thus, the pet-food industry may be voluntarily replacing
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB3527DF9AC02CAF902" box="[796,925,1662,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3527DF9AC02CAF902" box="[796,925,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. locorojo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the ecologically preferred (
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB3546DF9AC01A1F926" author="Weissman, D. B. &amp; Gray, D. A. &amp; Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P." pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="67 - 88" refId="ref168812" refString="Weissman, D. B., Gray, D. A., Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P. (2012) Billions and billions sold: Pet-feeder crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), commercial cricket farms, an epizootic densovirus, and government regulations make for a potential disaster. Zootaxa, 3504, 67 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3504.1. 3" type="journal article" year="2012">
Weissman
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB354E9F9AD01FAF926" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
)
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35065F97000B5F926" box="[260,482,1698,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sigillatus">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35065F97000B5F926" box="[260,482,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Gryllodes sigillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We present
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35315F97003A2F926" box="[628,757,1698,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35315F97003A2F926" box="[628,757,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. locorojo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
here in case they establish feral populations encountered by inquiring biologist. Similar concerns were presented by
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB3526AF9140291F97A" author="Barranco, P." box="[779,966,1734,1760]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="537 - 538" refId="ref158025" refString="Barranco, P. (2012) The Jamaican field cricket, Gryllus assimilis (Fabricius, 1775), possible new record for Spain (Orthoptera, Gryllidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 50, 537 - 538." type="journal article" year="2012">Barranco (2012)</bibRefCitation>
, who discussed the possible invasive situation of “
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35060F93800C2F89E" box="[257,405,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35060F93800DCF89E" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[257,395,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="assimilis">G. assimilis</taxonomicName>
”
</emphasis>
, which was being sold for pet food in
<collectingCountry id="E89D762E0940FFB35227F93802DEF89E" box="[838,905,1770,1796]" name="Spain" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Spain</collectingCountry>
. As discussed in
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB35529F9380419F89E" author="Weissman, D. B. &amp; Gray, D. A. &amp; Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P." box="[1096,1358,1770,1796]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="67 - 88" refId="ref168812" refString="Weissman, D. B., Gray, D. A., Pham, H. T. &amp; Tijssen, P. (2012) Billions and billions sold: Pet-feeder crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), commercial cricket farms, an epizootic densovirus, and government regulations make for a potential disaster. Zootaxa, 3504, 67 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3504.1. 3" type="journal article" year="2012">
Weissman
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB355A3F93905A4F89E" box="[1218,1267,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. (2012)
</bibRefCitation>
, this is probably
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35060F8DC00D7F8B2" box="[257,384,1806,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35060F8DC00D7F8B2" box="[257,384,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. locorojo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although inquiries to P. Barranco, in
<date id="E434107E0940FFB35241F8DC0290F8B2" box="[800,967,1806,1832]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2013" valueMax="2014">2013 and 2014</date>
, as to the number of p/c in the calling song of their cricket, which would easily distinguish true
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB3538BF8E00238F8D6" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[746,879,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="assimilis">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3538BF8E00238F8D6" box="[746,879,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. assimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB352D7F8E00569F8D6" box="[950,1086,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB352D7F8E0056CF8D6" box="[950,1083,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">G. locorojo</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
went unanswered.
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB3547AF8E004CBF8D6" box="[1307,1436,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3547AF8E004CBF8D6" box="[1307,1436,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. locorojo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been used for studies on calling song and phonotactic selectivity (
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB352FAF88405E3F8EA" author="Rothbart, M. M. &amp; Hennig, R. M." box="[923,1204,1878,1904]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="43975" refId="ref166378" refString="Rothbart, M. M. &amp; Hennig, R. M. (2012) The Steppengrille (Gryllus spec. / assimilis): selective filters and signal mismatch on two time scales. PLoS ONE 7 (9), e 43975. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0043975" type="journal article" year="2012">Rothbart &amp; Hennig 2012</bibRefCitation>
) as well as courtship song (
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0940FFB351BBF8A80357F80E" author="Vedenina, V. U. &amp; Pollack, G. S." box="[218,512,1914,1940]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="2210 - 2219" refId="ref167229" refString="Vedenina, V. U. &amp; Pollack, G. S. (2012) Recognition of variable courtship song in the field cricket Gryllus assimilis. Journal of Experimental Biology, 215, 2210 - 2219. https: // doi. org / 10.1242 / jeb. 068429" type="journal article" year="2012">Vedenina &amp; Pollack 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="903536BE0940FFB051A6F84C056BFF4D" blockId="33.[151,1437,1302,2012]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1437,153,215]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB351A6F84C0050F822" box="[199,263,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">DNA.</emphasis>
Multilocus G2159, from a commercial pet food store, maps (
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB352DEF84C0552F822" box="[959,1029,1950,1976]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1979,2004]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,915,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1435,898,1958]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 6. Phylogenetic arrangement of taxa redrawn from Gray et al. (2019). Taxa in grey text are either not considered here because they are not US Gryllus, or are considered only briefly (Pet Store Group; G. bryanti)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563689/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
, p.
<figureCitation id="08B12A3B0940FFB3554EF84C051BF822" box="[1071,1100,1950,1976]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1890,1915]" captionTargetBox="[155,1402,709,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1435,697,1869]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 28. Five second waveforms of calling songs of (A) G. pennsylvanicus and (B) G. firmus. G. pennsylvanicus (R04-110) Whatcom Co., WA (S04-91), at 25°C. G. firmus: (R03-255) Gainesville, FL (S03-85), at 25°C." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563733/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">28</figureCitation>
) this species closest to
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35436F84C01B7F846" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="assimilis">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35436F84C01B7F846" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. assimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB3507AF8100081F846" authorityName="Weissman. With" authorityYear="2009" box="[283,470,1986,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multipulsator">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3507AF8100081F846" box="[283,470,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G. multipulsator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, despite very different calling songs between
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0940FFB35286F810053EF846" box="[999,1129,1986,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="locorojo">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB35286F81002ACF846" box="[999,1019,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0940FFB3556AF810053EF846" box="[1035,1129,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">locorojo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the other two species. However, as noted in
<bibRefCitation id="F41B4B4F0943FFB050EBFF4B03D8FF29" author="Weissman, D. B. &amp; De Luca, P. A. &amp; Judge, K. A. &amp; Gray, D. A." box="[394,655,153,179]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="135 - 140" refId="ref168892" refString="Weissman, D. B., De Luca, P. A., Judge, K. A. &amp; Gray, D. A. (2019) The identity of the Bahama endemic field cricket Gryllus bryanti Morse (Orthoptera; Gryllidae; Gryllinae). Zootaxa, 4550 (1), 135 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4550.1.8" type="journal article" year="2019">
Weissman
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0943FFB05362FF48036BFF29" box="[515,572,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
, courtship songs of these three species are similar in having a doubletick structure unlike any other
<collectingCountry id="E89D762E0943FFB0508FFF6F0345FF4D" box="[494,530,189,215]" name="United States of America" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">US</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="578A4D3D0943FFB05378FF6F033AFF4D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[537,621,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Gryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2FEEAAC0943FFB05378FF6F033AFF4D" box="[537,621,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Gryllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for which courtship song is known to us.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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