538 lines
61 KiB
XML
538 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document id="D88F731C872D904DF3D011523E7BA855" ID-CLB-Dataset="24105" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.585" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca608e8-fccf-4c1c-b8df-ef0c28e1d518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660259" ID-ZooBank="181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1581251975682" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L." docDate="2019" docId="18174D41FFAFFF83FDD19E3F4EF50B43" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-585_ebersole_cicimurri_stinger.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 585" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Brachycarcharias twiggsensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="E42E3539FF85FFAFFFC69F344D4B0F37" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698783570407" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="FF54415DBF28AB39BEAE24C5B241D068">Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D8FD9242E78A149E0E4EA7217AB5FE80">Ebersole, Jun A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B0D612D461C2F84C772417146D249CAC">Cicimurri, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="D3F9882BA2740DD315846995802188D3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="320C84363616B3468592FCC978ADAB0A">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="502C2CB5FC1E82BFFE072086B5843929">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="57E5A09ECC4604503522F9A12CDC24DB">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2B84A57738BA076D466CF55A352B563D">
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<mods:date id="1B5968438D7C30C0E728A0DEB14BC852">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="085C4AE458B542CD5ABD1EE68F70837C">2019-12-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CCC69DAFD6C13FF9921684E294104413">585</mods:number>
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<treatment id="18174D41FFAFFF83FDD19E3F4EF50B43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664536" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162073088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664536" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FFAFFF83FDD19E3F4EF50B43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18174D41FFAFFF83FDD19E3F4EF50B43" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFAFFF85FDD19E3F49560E12" box="[535,1053,267,294]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FDD19E3F49560E12" blockId="42.[535,1053,267,330]" box="[535,1053,267,294]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="CB494B3BFFAFFF85FDD19E3F49560E12" box="[535,1053,267,294]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="2">
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||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FDD19E3F49560E12" authority="(Case, 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[535,1053,267,294]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FDD19E3F4ECB0E12" bold="true" box="[535,896,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Brachycarcharias twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FC499E3F495F0E12" author="Case G. R." box="[911,1044,267,293]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref138440" refString="Case G. R. 1981. Late Eocene selachians from South-central Georgia. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 (1 - 3)." type="journal article" year="1981">Case, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFAFFF85FD369E044E080E7D" box="[752,835,304,330]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FD369E044E080E7D" blockId="42.[535,1053,267,330]" box="[752,835,304,330]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<figureCitation id="0885E0D2FFAFFF85FD369E044E080E7D" box="[752,835,304,330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1620,1646]" captionTargetBox="[198,1391,347,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[189,1398,341,1563]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 14. Brachycarcharias twiggsensis (Case, 1981), teeth. A–C. MSC 2372.4, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand. A. Labial view. B. Lingual view. C. Mesial view. D–F. MSC 2372.15, anterolateral tooth, Gosport Sand. D. Labial view. E. Lingual view. F. Mesial view. G–I. ALMNH PV1989.4.47.1, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand. G. Labial view. H. Lingual view. I. Mesial view. J–L. ALMNH PV1989.4.16.1, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand. J. Labial view. K. Lingual view. L. Distal view. M–O. ALMNH PV1989.4.47.2, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. M. Labial view. N. Lingual view. O. Mesial view. P–R. ALMNH PV1989.4.63.1, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. P. Labial view. Q. Lingual view. R. Mesial view. S–U. ALMNH PV1989.4.94, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. S. Labial view. T. Lingual view. U. Mesial view. V–X. MSC 37561.2, lateroposterior tooth, Gosport Sand. V. Labial view. W. Lingual view. X. Mesial view. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660287/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFAFFF85FF7B9E404E660D2C" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9E404EFE0EBA" blockId="42.[189,949,371,398]" box="[189,949,371,398]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FF7B9E404FC90EB9" authority="Case, 1981: 58 - 59" authorityName="Case" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1981" box="[189,642,371,398]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Lamna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9E404CD60EBA" box="[189,413,372,397]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Lamna twiggsensis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FE629E474FC90EB9" author="Case G. R." box="[420,642,371,398]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref138440" refString="Case G. R. 1981. Late Eocene selachians from South-central Georgia. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 (1 - 3)." type="journal article" year="1981">Case, 1981: 58–59</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 3, figs 4–8, text fig. 3.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9E8249500EE6" blockId="42.[189,1051,438,539]" box="[189,1051,438,465]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FF7B9E824E010EE7" authority="- Case & Cappetta 1990: 9 - 10" authorityName="Case & Cappetta" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1990" box="[189,842,438,465]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Otodontidae" genus="Cretolamna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9E824C9D0EE7" box="[189,470,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cretolamna twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
–
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||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FE329E824E010EE7" author="Case G. R. & Cappetta H." box="[500,842,438,464]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref138693" refString="Case G. R. & Cappetta H. 1990. The Eocene selachian fauna from the Fayum Depression in Egypt. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 212 (1 - 6): 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1990">Case & Cappetta 1990: 9–10</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 3, figs 40–55.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9EEF4EE80EC1" blockId="42.[189,1051,438,539]" box="[189,931,475,502]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFAFFF85FF7B9EEF4EE80EC1" box="[189,931,475,502]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FF7B9EEF4ED40EC1" authority="- Underwood et al. 2011: 52" authorityName="Underwood" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="2011" box="[189,927,475,502]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9EEF4CDB0EC2" box="[189,400,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Brachycarcharias</emphasis>
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||
cf.
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE7A9EE84F080EC2" box="[444,579,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFAFFF85FDA79EEF4ED40EC1" author="Underwood C. J. & Ward D. J. & King C. & Antar S. M. & Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D." box="[609,927,475,502]" page="52" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="2011">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FDA79EEF4ED40EC1" author="Underwood C. J. & Ward D. J. & King C. & Antar S. M. & Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D." box="[609,927,475,502]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="47 - 66" refId="ref152691" refString="Underwood C. J., Ward D. J., King C., Antar S. M., Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D., 2011. Shark and ray faunas in the middle and late Eocene of the Fayum Area, Egypt. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 122 (1): 47 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pgeola. 2010.09.004" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Underwood
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FD359EE84E650EC2" box="[755,814,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
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2011: 52
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9D344E660D2C" blockId="42.[189,1051,438,539]" box="[189,813,512,539]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFAFFF85FF7B9D344E660D2C" box="[189,813,512,539]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9D344C0E0D2D" box="[189,325,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tethylamna</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FE8A9D354E620D2C" authority="- Cappetta & Case 2016: 51" authorityName="- Cappetta & Case" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="2016" box="[332,809,512,539]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE8A9D354C980D2D" box="[332,467,513,538]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
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||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFAFFF85FE379D344E620D2C" author="Cappetta H. & Case G. R." box="[497,809,512,539]" page="51" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="2016">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FE379D344E620D2C" author="Cappetta H. & Case G. R." box="[497,809,512,539]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="43 - 103" refId="ref137973" refString="Cappetta H. & Case G. R. 2016. A selachian fauna from the middle Eocene (Lutetian, Lisbon Formation) of Andalusia, Covington County, Alabama, USA. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 307 (1 - 6): 43 - 103." type="journal article" year="2016">Cappetta & Case 2016: 51</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFAFFF85FF7B9D7749100C15" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9D774CE10D6A" blockId="42.[189,426,579,605]" box="[189,426,579,605]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFAFFF85FF7B9D774CE10D6A" bold="true" box="[189,426,579,605]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9D774CE10D6A" bold="true" box="[189,426,579,605]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9D4049100C15" blockId="42.[189,1399,627,802]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="20D6F60AFFAFFF85FF7B9D40491C0C15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564277940" collectionCode="ALMNH, MSC" country="United States of America" location="Claiborne Group" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCode="MSC 2372.15, MSC 2375.4, MSC 37510.1, MSC 37510.3, MSC 37561.2, MSC 37561.17, MSC 37561.28, MSC 37561.41, MSC 37561.42" specimenCount="7" stateProvince="Alabama">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FFAFFF85FF7B9D404F270DB9" box="[189,620,628,654]" name="United States of America" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FD5D9D474E460DBA" bold="true" box="[667,781,627,653]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFAFFF85FD5D9D474E460DBA" box="[667,781,627,653]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
• 21 isolated teeth;
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||
<location id="9561AA8CFFAFFF85FBE29D4749B30DB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FFAFFF83FDD19E3F4EF50B43:9561AA8CFFAFFF85FBE29D4749B30DB9" box="[1060,1272,627,654]" country="United States of America" name="Claiborne Group" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" stateProvince="Alabama">Claiborne Group</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FACD9D40483C0DB9" box="[1291,1399,628,654]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.160.2 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFFAFFF85FE5B9DAC4F0F0D84" box="[413,580,664,691]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FDA19DAC4F980D85" box="[615,723,664,690]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.32.4,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FC7F9DAC496E0D85" box="[953,1061,664,690]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.34.3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FACD9DAC483C0D85" box="[1291,1399,664,690]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.47.2 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFFAFFF85FE429D894F540DEF" box="[388,543,701,728]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FDF19D894FE80DE0" box="[567,675,701,727]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.6.1.3 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFFAFFF85FCB89D8949530DEF" box="[894,1048,701,728]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FBF69D8949D70DE0" box="[1072,1180,701,727]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.63.1.2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FF7B9DD64C620DCB" box="[189,297,738,764]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.94.2,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FE339DD64FD50DCA" box="[501,670,738,765]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FE339DD64F780DCB" box="[501,563,738,764]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2372.15
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FD6B9DD64E020DCA" box="[685,841,738,765]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FD6B9DD64FA00DCB" box="[685,747,738,764]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2375.4
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FC919DD6494A0DCA" box="[855,1025,738,765]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FC919DD64EDE0DCB" box="[855,917,738,764]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37510.1
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FBC99DD649F20DCA" box="[1039,1209,738,765]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FBC99DD649060DCB" box="[1039,1101,738,764]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37510.3
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FB0E9DD648390DCA" box="[1224,1394,738,765]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FB0E9DD6484D0DCB" box="[1224,1286,738,764]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37561.2
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FF7B9C334C380C15" box="[189,371,775,802]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FF7B9C334DB00C16" box="[189,251,775,801]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37561.17
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FEB99C334F7E0C15" box="[383,565,775,802]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FEB99C334CF60C16" box="[383,445,775,801]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37561.28
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FD879C334FBC0C15" box="[577,759,775,802]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FD879C334F340C16" box="[577,639,775,801]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37561.41
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C018542CFFAFFF85FCC59C334EF20C15" box="[771,953,775,802]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FCC59C334E0A0C16" box="[771,833,775,801]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37561.42
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAFFF85FC039C3349480C16" box="[965,1027,775,801]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37645
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFAFFF85FF7B9C7E4E9E0A32" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9C7E4C050C53" blockId="42.[189,334,842,868]" box="[189,334,842,868]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFAFFF85FF7B9C7E4C050C53" bold="true" box="[189,334,842,868]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9C7E4C050C53" bold="true" box="[189,334,842,868]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9C4E4E9E0A32" blockId="42.[189,1399,890,1285]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sample includes anterior, anterolateral, and lateroposterior teeth.Anterior teeth with tall, erect, somewhat narrow, symmetrically triangular main cusp. Sharp, sinuous cutting edges extend from cusp base to apex; apex sharply pointed. Labial face nearly flat, lingual face very convex; enameloid smooth. In profile, apex of main cusp curves labially. Single pair of tall lateral cusplets present. Root bilobate with elongated, slightly diverging lobes separated by U-shaped interlobe area. Lingual nutritive groove on medial boss. Anterolateral teeth with slight distal inclination to main cusp; cusp labiolingually thinner than on anterior teeth. In profile, labial curvature of main cusp apex more pronounced than on anterior teeth. Two pairs of diverging lateral cusplets present; first pair large, tall, broadly triangular; second pair diminutive. Root bilobate with more divergent lobes; lobes range from pointed to rounded. Interlobe area shallow, V-shaped to U-shaped. Shallow nutritive groove on triangular lingual root protuberance. One or more large nutritive foramina occur within nutritive groove.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFAFFF83FF7B9A1A4EF50B43" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9A1A4C640A7F" blockId="42.[189,303,1326,1352]" box="[189,303,1326,1352]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFAFFF85FF7B9A1A4C640A7F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1326,1352]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9A1A4C640A7F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1326,1352]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAFFF85FF7B9A6A492D08DC" blockId="42.[189,1399,1374,2027]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The taxonomic history of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FDF49A6B4FF20A4F" authorityName="- Cappetta & Case" authorityYear="2016" box="[562,697,1375,1400]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FDF49A6B4FF20A4F" box="[562,697,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphology has been tumultuous, having been assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FF269AB04C980AAA" authority="(Case 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[224,467,1411,1437]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Lamna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF269AB04C7A0AAA" box="[224,305,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Lamna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FE839AB74C810AAA" author="Case G. R." box="[325,458,1411,1437]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref138440" refString="Case G. R. 1981. Late Eocene selachians from South-central Georgia. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 (1 - 3)." type="journal article" year="1981">Case 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FE229AB74EE30AAA" authority="(Case & Cappetta 1990)" baseAuthorityName="Case & Cappetta" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[484,936,1411,1437]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Otodontidae" genus="Cretalamna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE229AB74F240AAA" box="[484,623,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cretalamna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FD459AB74EEB0AAA" author="Case G. R. & Cappetta H." box="[643,928,1411,1437]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref138693" refString="Case G. R. & Cappetta H. 1990. The Eocene selachian fauna from the Fayum Depression in Egypt. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 212 (1 - 6): 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1990">Case & Cappetta 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FC7E9AB74C480AF5" authority="(Underwood et al. 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Underwood et al." baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FC7E9AB749C00AAA" box="[952,1163,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Brachycarcharias</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FB599AB74DB00AF5" author="Underwood C. J. & Ward D. J. & King C. & Antar S. M. & Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="47 - 66" refId="ref152691" refString="Underwood C. J., Ward D. J., King C., Antar S. M., Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D., 2011. Shark and ray faunas in the middle and late Eocene of the Fayum Area, Egypt. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 122 (1): 47 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pgeola. 2010.09.004" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Underwood
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FAF19AB0483C0AAA" box="[1335,1399,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and more recently
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE329A9C4F370AF5" box="[500,636,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tethylamna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FD4B9A9C4EEF0AF4" author="Cappetta H. & Case G. R." box="[653,932,1448,1475]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="43 - 103" refId="ref137973" refString="Cappetta H. & Case G. R. 2016. A selachian fauna from the middle Eocene (Lutetian, Lisbon Formation) of Andalusia, Covington County, Alabama, USA. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 307 (1 - 6): 43 - 103." type="journal article" year="2016">Cappetta & Case 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As part of their generic diagnosis for
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF7B9AF94C0E0AD0" box="[189,325,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tethylamna</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FE939AF94F3D0AD0" author="Cappetta H. & Case G. R." box="[341,630,1484,1511]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="43 - 103" refId="ref137973" refString="Cappetta H. & Case G. R. 2016. A selachian fauna from the middle Eocene (Lutetian, Lisbon Formation) of Andalusia, Covington County, Alabama, USA. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 307 (1 - 6): 43 - 103." type="journal article" year="2016">Cappetta & Case (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred the Priabonian “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FC619AF94EB30AD1" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[935,1016,1485,1510]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Lamna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FC619AF94EB30AD1" box="[935,1016,1485,1510]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Lamna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FBC99AF948680AD0" authority="Case, 1981" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[1039,1315,1485,1511]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FBC99AF949DD0AD1" box="[1039,1174,1485,1510]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FB599AF948680AD0" author="Case G. R." box="[1183,1315,1485,1511]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref138440" refString="Case G. R. 1981. Late Eocene selachians from South-central Georgia. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 (1 - 3)." type="journal article" year="1981">Case, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to this genus. However, the lateral cusplets on the teeth of “
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FCF39AC64E06093C" box="[821,845,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">L.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FCA49AC64EA2093C" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[866,1001,1522,1547]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FCA49AC64EA2093C" box="[866,1001,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ significantly from those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4F0542F5FFAFFF85FF2E99234C500906" box="[232,283,1559,1585]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE5D99224F680907" box="[411,547,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tethylamna</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FDF799234EE20907" authority="Cappetta & Case, 2016" authorityName="Cappetta & Case" authorityYear="2016" box="[561,937,1558,1584]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FDF799234FDA0907" box="[561,657,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. dunni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FD5199224EE20907" author="Cappetta H. & Case G. R." box="[663,937,1558,1584]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="43 - 103" refId="ref137973" refString="Cappetta H. & Case G. R. 2016. A selachian fauna from the middle Eocene (Lutetian, Lisbon Formation) of Andalusia, Covington County, Alabama, USA. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 307 (1 - 6): 43 - 103." type="journal article" year="2016">Cappetta & Case, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggesting the species does not belong to the latter genus. For instance, the anterior teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FCFE99084ED20962" authorityName="Cappetta & Case" authorityYear="2016" box="[824,921,1595,1621]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FCFE99084ED20962" box="[824,921,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. dunni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
often have two pairs of lateral cusplets, the larger of which is very narrow and often medially curved. In contrast, there is generally only a single pair of erect cusplets on “
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FDF199B24F0409A8" box="[567,591,1670,1695]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">L.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FDA599B24FA109A8" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[611,746,1670,1695]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FDA599B24FA109A8" box="[611,746,1670,1695]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
anterior teeth. Additionally, although both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FB2399B2480E09A8" authorityName="Cappetta & Case" authorityYear="2016" box="[1253,1349,1669,1695]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FB2399B2480E09A8" box="[1253,1349,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. dunni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and “
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF0C999F4DA909F3" box="[202,226,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">L.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FF30999F4C3609F3" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[246,381,1707,1732]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FF30999F4C3609F3" box="[246,381,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lateral teeth have two pairs of cusplets, those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FC79999F495409F3" authorityName="Cappetta & Case" authorityYear="2016" box="[959,1055,1706,1732]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FC79999F495409F3" box="[959,1055,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. dunni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are most often both mesially directed, whereas they are diverging on the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FD7B99E44E0F09DE" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[701,836,1744,1769]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FD7B99E44E0F09DE" box="[701,836,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphology. Also, the first cusplet on the distal crown shoulder of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FE5999C04F4B0839" authorityName="Cappetta & Case" authorityYear="2016" box="[415,512,1780,1806]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunni">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE5999C04F4B0839" box="[415,512,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">T. dunni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lateral teeth is conspicuously wider than the corresponding cusplet on the mesial side. In contrast, the equivalent cusplets on “
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FCE9982D4E0C0805" box="[815,839,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">L.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FC9B982D4EAF0805" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[861,996,1817,1842]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FC9B982D4EAF0805" box="[861,996,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lateral teeth are roughly of equal size.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FF3F98094F520860" author="Underwood C. J. & Ward D. J. & King C. & Antar S. M. & Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D." box="[249,537,1853,1879]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="47 - 66" refId="ref152691" refString="Underwood C. J., Ward D. J., King C., Antar S. M., Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D., 2011. Shark and ray faunas in the middle and late Eocene of the Fayum Area, Egypt. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 122 (1): 47 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pgeola. 2010.09.004" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Underwood
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE4C980A4C8E0860" box="[394,453,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FD58980A4E6E0860" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[670,805,1854,1879]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FD58980A4E6E0860" box="[670,805,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphology within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FBD3980949A30860" box="[1045,1256,1853,1879]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FBD3980949A30860" box="[1045,1256,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Brachycarcharias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because the degree of ontogenetic heterodonty they observed within their middle-to-late Eocene sample from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FFAFFF85FAF69857483D084A" box="[1328,1398,1891,1917]" name="Egypt" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
suggested a close affinity to this genus, as opposed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FCEB98B34EF30896" baseAuthorityName="Case & Cappetta" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[813,952,1927,1953]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Otodontidae" genus="Cretalamna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FCEB98B34EF30896" box="[813,952,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cretalamna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FC1B98BC49650896" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[989,1070,1928,1953]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Lamna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FC1B98BC49650896" box="[989,1070,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Lamna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Because the characteristics noted above are more consistent with our observations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FC9E9898496008F1" box="[856,1067,1964,1990]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FC9E9898496008F1" box="[856,1067,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Brachycarcharias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
teeth in Alabama, we follow
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAFFF85FF7B98E54C9508DC" author="Underwood C. J. & Ward D. J. & King C. & Antar S. M. & Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D." box="[189,478,2001,2027]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="47 - 66" refId="ref152691" refString="Underwood C. J., Ward D. J., King C., Antar S. M., Zalmout I. S. & Gingerich P. D., 2011. Shark and ray faunas in the middle and late Eocene of the Fayum Area, Egypt. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 122 (1): 47 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pgeola. 2010.09.004" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Underwood
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FE8998E64CC108DC" box="[335,394,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in assigning the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAFFF85FD6398E64E6708DC" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" box="[677,812,2002,2027]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAFFF85FD6398E64E6708DC" box="[677,812,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphology to this genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C4C1ACDFFFAEFF84FF7B99604F1D089B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660287" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660287/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[189,232,1620,1646]" targetBox="[198,1391,347,1547]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFAEFF84FF7B99604F1D089B" blockId="43.[189,1399,1620,1964]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FF7B99604C510959" bold="true" box="[189,282,1620,1646]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFAEFF84FEE499604E6E0958" authority="(Case, 1981)" authorityName="Case" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[290,805,1620,1647]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FEE499604FCF0959" box="[290,644,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Brachycarcharias twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFAEFF84FD5299614E570958" author="Case G. R." box="[660,796,1621,1647]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref138440" refString="Case G. R. 1981. Late Eocene selachians from South-central Georgia. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 (1 - 3)." type="journal article" year="1981">Case, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, teeth.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FCBC99604EF80959" bold="true" box="[890,947,1620,1646]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A–C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FC059961494A0958" box="[963,1025,1621,1647]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2372.4, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FEC399434C5109A6" bold="true" box="[261,282,1655,1681]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FE7B994C4C9A09A5" bold="true" box="[445,465,1656,1682]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FD4299434FD209A6" bold="true" box="[644,665,1655,1681]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC87994C4E3C09A5" bold="true" box="[833,887,1656,1682]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">D–F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FC43994C4E8809A5" box="[901,963,1656,1682]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2372.15, anterolateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FECE99AF4C560982" bold="true" box="[264,285,1691,1717]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FE0E99AF4C970982" bold="true" box="[456,476,1691,1717]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FD5E99AF4FE10982" bold="true" box="[664,682,1691,1717]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC9C99AF4EC00982" bold="true" box="[858,907,1691,1717]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G–I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FC5F99AF494E0982" box="[921,1029,1691,1717]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.47.1, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FEAA998A4CC809EF" bold="true" box="[364,387,1726,1752]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FDEE998A4F7409EF" bold="true" box="[552,575,1726,1752]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FD33998A4E4B09EF" bold="true" box="[757,768,1726,1752]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC6A998A4E9609EF" bold="true" box="[940,989,1726,1752]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">J–L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FC2F998A491E09EF" box="[1001,1109,1726,1752]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.16.1, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FE7C99D54C8209CC" bold="true" box="[442,457,1761,1787]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FDB499D54FC209CC" bold="true" box="[626,649,1761,1787]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC8599D54E1C09CC" bold="true" box="[835,855,1761,1787]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC3D99D5497709CC" bold="true" box="[1019,1084,1761,1787]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M–O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FB8C99D549FD09CC" box="[1098,1206,1761,1787]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.47.2, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FDEE98314F0F0828" bold="true" box="[552,580,1797,1823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FCC498314E5C0828" bold="true" box="[770,791,1797,1823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">N</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC2098304EB60829" bold="true" box="[998,1021,1796,1822]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">O</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FB06983149BD0828" bold="true" box="[1216,1270,1797,1823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">P–R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FACD9831483C0828" box="[1291,1399,1797,1823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.63.1, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FD34981C4E4F0875" bold="true" box="[754,772,1832,1858]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">P</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC0298134E900876" bold="true" box="[964,987,1831,1857]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Q</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FB6A981C498A0875" bold="true" box="[1196,1217,1832,1858]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">R</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FF7B987F4DBA0852" bold="true" box="[189,241,1867,1893]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">S–U</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FEC6987F4C270852" box="[256,364,1867,1893]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.94, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FCB5987F4EC80852" bold="true" box="[883,899,1867,1893]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">S</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FBF6987F490F0852" bold="true" box="[1072,1092,1867,1893]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FAC7987F485D0852" bold="true" box="[1281,1302,1867,1893]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">U</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FECE985A4C0A08BF" bold="true" box="[264,321,1902,1928]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">V–X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFAEFF84FE93985A4CD808BF" box="[341,403,1902,1928]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37561.2, lateroposterior tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FC12985A4EA208BF" bold="true" box="[980,1001,1902,1928]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">V</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FB59985A49F708BF" bold="true" box="[1183,1212,1902,1928]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">W</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFAEFF84FF7B98A54D99089C" bold="true" box="[189,210,1937,1963]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">X</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view. Scale bars = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFA9FF83FF7B9E3F4ECC0D9E" blockId="44.[189,1399,267,681]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FF3E9E384CEE0E12" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[248,421,268,293]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FF3E9E384CEE0E12" box="[248,421,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
teeth in our sample were separated from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FBED9E3F48070E12" baseAuthorityName="Arambourg" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1067,1356,267,293]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FBED9E3F48070E12" box="[1067,1356,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Brachycarcharias atlasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by being more robust and larger in overall size, by having a wider crown base, and by lacking coarse lingual ornamentation on the main cusp and lateral cusplets. Similarly, the teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FB5A9E67480E0E5B" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1180,1349,339,364]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FB5A9E67480E0E5B" box="[1180,1349,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FDF09E414E270EB8" baseAuthorityName="Casier" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[566,876,373,399]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lerichei">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FDF09E414E270EB8" box="[566,876,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Brachycarcharias lerichei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their larger overall size, broader crown, and consistent development of a second pair of lateral cusplets. In contrast, teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FB7D9EAD48720E85" baseAuthorityName="Casier" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1211,1337,408,434]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lerichei">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FB7D9EAD48720E85" box="[1211,1337,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. lerichei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only occasionally exhibit a second lateral cusplet (generally on one side of the tooth, and poorly separated from the larger, first cusplet). There are certain smaller teeth in the Gosport Sand sample that resemble specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FE989D374C930D2B" baseAuthorityName="Casier" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[350,472,514,540]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lerichei">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FE989D374C930D2B" box="[350,472,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. lerichei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="0885E0D2FFA9FF83FDDD9D364F2E0D2B" box="[539,613,514,540]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1620,1646]" captionTargetBox="[198,1391,347,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[189,1398,341,1563]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 14. Brachycarcharias twiggsensis (Case, 1981), teeth. A–C. MSC 2372.4, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand. A. Labial view. B. Lingual view. C. Mesial view. D–F. MSC 2372.15, anterolateral tooth, Gosport Sand. D. Labial view. E. Lingual view. F. Mesial view. G–I. ALMNH PV1989.4.47.1, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand. G. Labial view. H. Lingual view. I. Mesial view. J–L. ALMNH PV1989.4.16.1, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand. J. Labial view. K. Lingual view. L. Distal view. M–O. ALMNH PV1989.4.47.2, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. M. Labial view. N. Lingual view. O. Mesial view. P–R. ALMNH PV1989.4.63.1, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. P. Labial view. Q. Lingual view. R. Mesial view. S–U. ALMNH PV1989.4.94, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. S. Labial view. T. Lingual view. U. Mesial view. V–X. MSC 37561.2, lateroposterior tooth, Gosport Sand. V. Labial view. W. Lingual view. X. Mesial view. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660287/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig 14</figureCitation>
|
||
V–X), but based on larger samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FBE59D3749800D2B" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1059,1227,515,540]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FBE59D3749800D2B" box="[1059,1227,515,540]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
teeth from the Clinchfield Formation of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FFA9FF83FE2D9D114F020D08" box="[491,585,549,575]" name="Georgia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Tupelo Bay Formation of South Carolina, we regard these teeth as belonging to juvenile individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FD4F9D7D4E7A0D55" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[649,817,585,610]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FD4F9D7D4E7A0D55" box="[649,817,585,610]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In these samples, smaller and more gracile teeth could be identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FE789D584F720DB2" baseAuthorityName="Casier" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[446,569,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lerichei">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FE789D584F720DB2" box="[446,569,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. lerichei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the lateral teeth have a conspicuous second or third lateral cusplet like their larger and more robust
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FDF99DBB4FAD0D9F" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[575,742,655,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FDF99DBB4FAD0D9F" box="[575,742,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
counterparts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFA9FF83FF7B9DE44CEF0CD6" blockId="44.[189,1399,720,993]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Anterior teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FE559DE44F6D0DDD" box="[403,550,720,746]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Striatolamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FE559DE44F6D0DDD" box="[403,550,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Striatolamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FCE89DE54E910DDD" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[814,986,721,746]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FCE89DE54E910DDD" box="[814,986,721,746]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their taller but much narrower dimensions, diminutive lateral cusplets, and presence of coarse lingual longitudinal ridges. Lateral teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FF1D9C224C250C07" box="[219,366,790,816]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Striatolamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FF1D9C224C250C07" box="[219,366,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Striatolamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ in having a main cusp with blunted apex and fine lingual ornamentation, the lateral cusplets are rounded with the distal cusplet being much larger in size than the mesial one. In contrast, cusplets of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FE879C6A4CAC0C40" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[321,487,862,887]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FE879C6A4CAC0C40" box="[321,487,862,887]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lateral teeth are sharply pointed and of roughly equal size. Anterior and lateral teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FEE49CB44CF00CAD" authorityName="Menner" authorityYear="1928" box="[290,443,896,922]" class="Chondrichthyes" genus="Jaekelotodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FEE49CB44CF00CAD" box="[290,443,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Jaekelotodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have much smaller lateral cusplets than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FBD79CB549F00CAD" baseAuthorityName="Case" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1041,1211,897,922]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Brachycarcharias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="twiggsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FBD79CB549F00CAD" box="[1041,1211,897,922]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. twiggsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the lateral teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFA9FF83FEE49C974CF00C8A" authorityName="Menner" authorityYear="1928" box="[290,443,931,957]" class="Chondrichthyes" genus="Jaekelotodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FEE49C974CF00C8A" box="[290,443,931,957]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Jaekelotodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very conspicuously distally hooked and with a much more sharply apically tapering main cusp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFA9FF83FF7B9B3C4E5F0B15" blockId="44.[189,788,1032,1058]" box="[189,788,1032,1058]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFA9FF83FF7B9B3C4E5F0B15" bold="true" box="[189,788,1032,1058]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFA9FF83FF7B9B3C4E5F0B15" bold="true" box="[189,788,1032,1058]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Stratigraphic and geographic range in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFA9FF83FD649B3C4E5F0B15" box="[674,788,1032,1058]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFA9FF83FF7B9B024EF50B43" blockId="44.[189,1399,1078,1140]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">The specimens in our sample were collected from the basal Gosport Sand at site ACl-4, and the Gosport Sand at sites ACh-21 and ACl-15. Middle Bartonian, Zone NP17.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |