370 lines
45 KiB
XML
370 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="C1C19354C75C299572EBF7283A311278" ID-CLB-Dataset="24105" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.585" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca608e8-fccf-4c1c-b8df-ef0c28e1d518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660259" ID-ZooBank="181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1581251975682" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L." docDate="2019" docId="18174D41FF10FF38FDFF9D9349990E43" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-585_ebersole_cicimurri_stinger.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 585" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cylindracanthus ornatus Leidy 1856" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="152" masterDocId="E42E3539FF85FFAFFFC69F344D4B0F37" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="150" updateTime="1698783570407" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="36441D624C5323AC67FB7D592739B5B7">Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5E1ACD0B0EC8EF4EFAEE828FC480CBB0">Ebersole, Jun A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="974A26A07AC36DC9BF78E95213D79FF1">Cicimurri, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="08D2C95DF083F80365C25478E74EB86C">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DD9ECA0D3EE81FE2D9BB39B2BA8E12D9">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B8BCF38029CE8E3236DDFA594F04E65D">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="18174D41FF10FF38FDFF9D9349990E43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664270" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162073022" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664270" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FF10FF38FDFF9D9349990E43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18174D41FF10FF38FDFF9D9349990E43" lastPageId="151" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF10FF3AFDFF9D934EB00DF5" box="[569,1019,679,706]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFDFF9D934EB00DF5" blockId="149.[569,1019,679,741]" box="[569,1019,679,706]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<heading id="CB494B3BFF10FF3AFDFF9D934EB00DF5" box="[569,1019,679,706]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFDFF9D934EB00DF5" authority="Leidy, 1856" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[569,1019,679,706]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFDFF9D934E2C0DF5" bold="true" box="[569,871,679,706]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Cylindracanthus ornatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFCA99D934EB00DF5" author="Leidy J." box="[879,1019,679,706]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="301 - 302" refId="ref144807" refString="Leidy J. 1856. Remarks on certain extinct species of fishes. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF10FF3AFD129DFE4E140DD2" box="[724,863,714,741]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFD129DFE4E140DD2" blockId="149.[569,1019,679,741]" box="[724,863,714,741]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<figureCitation id="0885E0D2FF10FF3AFD129DFE4E6D0DD2" box="[724,806,714,741]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="150.[189,232,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[202,1378,1062,1781]" captionTargetId="figure@150.[189,1398,1043,1823]" captionTargetPageId="150" captionText="Fig. 56. Cylindracanthus Leidy, 1856, rostra. A–C. Cylindracanthus ornatus Leidy, 1856, SC2012.47.153, basal Lisbon Formation. A. Ventral view. B. Cross–section. C. Close–up of denticle rows. — D–G. Cylindracanthus rectus (Agassiz, 1843). D–E. MSC 38378, “upper” Lisbon Formation. D. Cross–section. E. Lateral view. F–G. WSU 5019, basal Lisbon Formation. F. Cross–section. G. Lateral view. Scale bars: A–C =2 mm; D–G= 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660367/files/figure.png" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
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A–C
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF10FF3AFF7B9C3E4EDD0C9C" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9C3E4FF30C12" blockId="149.[189,696,778,805]" box="[189,696,778,805]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF10FF3AFF7B9C3E4FF30C12" box="[189,696,778,805]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFF7B9C3E4FFF0C12" authority="Leidy, 1856: 302" authorityName="Leidy" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,692,778,805]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B9C3E4CA90C13" box="[189,482,778,804]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Cylindracanthus ornatus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF10FF3AFE2F9C3E4FFF0C12" author="Leidy J." box="[489,692,778,805]" page="302" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" year="1856">
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFE2F9C3E4FFF0C12" author="Leidy J." box="[489,692,778,805]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="301 - 302" refId="ref144807" refString="Leidy J. 1856. Remarks on certain extinct species of fishes. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856: 302</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9C7F4E640C51" blockId="149.[189,918,843,939]" box="[189,815,843,870]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF10FF3AFF7B9C7F4E640C51" box="[189,815,843,870]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFF7B9C7F4FC60C52" authority="- Cope 1871: 6" authorityName="Cope" authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1871" box="[189,653,843,870]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B9C7F4C840C52" box="[189,463,843,869]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Coelorhynchus ornatus</emphasis>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF10FF3AFE2A9C7F4FC60C52" author="Cope E. D." box="[492,653,843,869]" page="6" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" year="1871">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFE2A9C7F4FC60C52" author="Cope E. D." box="[492,653,843,869]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="579 - 593" refId="ref140342" refString="Cope E. D. 1871. Observations on the systematic relations of the fishes. The American Naturalist 5: 579 - 593. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 270831" type="journal article" year="1871">Cope 1871: 6</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 10, fig. 7.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9C5A4E670CBF" blockId="149.[189,918,843,939]" box="[189,812,878,904]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFF7B9C5A4FC70CBF" authority="- Leriche 1942" authorityName="Leriche" authorityYear="1942" box="[189,652,878,904]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B9C5A4C840CBF" box="[189,463,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Cylindracanthus rectus</emphasis>
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–
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFE2A9C5A4FC70CBF" author="Leriche M." box="[492,652,878,904]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref145078" refString="Leriche M. 1942. Contribution a l'etude des faunes ichthyologiques marines des terrains tertiaires de la Plaine cotiere atlantique et du centre des Etats-Unis. Les synchronismes des formations tertiaires des deux cotes de l'Atlantique. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 45 (2 - 4): 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="1942">Leriche 1942</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: pl. 8, fig. 3b.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9CA44EDD0C9C" blockId="149.[189,918,843,939]" box="[189,918,912,939]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFF7B9CA44F9E0C9D" authority="- Casier 1966: p. 174" authorityName="Casier" authorityPageNumber="174" authorityYear="1966" box="[189,725,912,939]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B9CA44C840C9D" box="[189,463,912,938]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Cylindracanthus rectus</emphasis>
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–
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFE2A9CA44F360C9D" author="Casier E." box="[492,637,912,938]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" refId="ref139171" refString="Casier E. 1966. Faune ichthyologique du London Clay. British Museum (Natural History), London." type="book" year="1966">Casier 1966</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 174
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 22, figs 1–5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF10FF3AFF7B9CE54E5F0B0B" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9CE54CE10CDC" blockId="149.[189,426,977,1003]" box="[189,426,977,1003]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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||
<heading id="CB494B3BFF10FF3AFF7B9CE54CE10CDC" bold="true" box="[189,426,977,1003]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B9CE54CE10CDC" bold="true" box="[189,426,977,1003]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9CCB4E5F0B0B" blockId="149.[189,1399,1022,1084]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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||
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FF10FF3AFF7B9CCB4F240B2E" box="[189,623,1023,1049]" name="United States of America" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
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–
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFD679CCA4E580B2F" bold="true" box="[673,787,1022,1048]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF10FF3AFD679CCA4E580B2F" box="[673,787,1022,1048]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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• 3 isolated teeth; Claiborne Group;
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<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF10FF3AFACD9CCB483C0B2E" box="[1291,1399,1023,1049]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
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PV1992.28.3.2,
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<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF10FF3AFEBA9B154C9D0B0C" box="[380,470,1057,1083]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">MMNS</collectionCode>
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||
VP-8947,
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<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF10FF3AFD909B154F320B0B" box="[598,633,1057,1084]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">SC</collectionCode>
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2012.47.153.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF10FF3AFF7B9B554FF80A61" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9B554C050B4C" blockId="149.[189,334,1121,1147]" box="[189,334,1121,1147]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFF10FF3AFF7B9B554C050B4C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1121,1147]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B9B554C050B4C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1121,1147]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9BA44FF80A61" blockId="149.[189,1399,1167,1366]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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Taxon known only by its rostrum. Rostrum elongated, cylindrical, tapering anteriorly to blunt point; circular cross section measuring up to
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<quantity id="574651B2FF10FF3AFDBD9B864F860BFB" box="[635,717,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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in rostral diameter. Outer surface with strong sub-rounded to flat parallel ridges of varying width along length. Ridges on dorsal surface occasionally intersect or coalesce near anterior end. Two parallel ventral grooves each contain single row of acrodont teeth and/ or alveoli; ventral grooves wider than all others on rostrum, do not extend to rostrum tip. One-to-two hollow concavities visible in cross section.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF10FF38FF7B9A4949990E43" lastPageId="151" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9A494C640AA0" blockId="149.[189,303,1405,1431]" box="[189,303,1405,1431]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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||
<heading id="CB494B3BFF10FF3AFF7B9A494C640AA0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1405,1431]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B9A494C640AA0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1405,1431]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Remarks</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF3AFF7B9A9E487C08B2" blockId="149.[189,1399,1450,1926]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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Three species of
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFE459A9E4F0C0AF3" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[387,583,1450,1476]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFE459A9E4F0C0AF3" box="[387,583,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Cylindracanthus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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have been reported from Cretaceous and Eocene deposits in
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<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF10FF3AFACA9A9E483D0AF3" box="[1292,1398,1450,1476]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFF339AF94F6F0AD0" author="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E." box="[245,548,1485,1511]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" refId="ref152244" refString="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E. 1981. Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa." type="book" year="1981">Thurmond & Jones 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFD759AF94EE80AD0" authority="Cope, 1870" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[691,931,1485,1511]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFD759AF94E450AD1" box="[691,782,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFCD19AF94EE80AD0" author="Cope E. D." box="[791,931,1485,1511]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="294" refId="ref140312" refString="Cope E. D. 1870. Eocene marl of Farmingdale, Monmouth Co., N. J. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 12: 294." type="journal article" year="1870">Cope, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFC779AF949820AD0" authority="Leidy, 1856" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[945,1225,1484,1511]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFC779AF9497B0AD1" box="[945,1072,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFBFF9AF949820AD0" author="Leidy J." box="[1081,1225,1484,1511]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="301 - 302" refId="ref144807" refString="Leidy J. 1856. Remarks on certain extinct species of fishes. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFACD9AF94C31093E" authority="(Agassiz, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFACD9AF9483C0AD1" box="[1291,1399,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
(Agassiz, 1843)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFE439ADB4F7F093E" author="Leriche M." box="[389,564,1519,1545]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref145078" refString="Leriche M. 1942. Contribution a l'etude des faunes ichthyologiques marines des terrains tertiaires de la Plaine cotiere atlantique et du centre des Etats-Unis. Les synchronismes des formations tertiaires des deux cotes de l'Atlantique. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 45 (2 - 4): 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="1942">Leriche (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
argued that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFD009AC44E55093E" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[710,798,1520,1546]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFD009AC44E55093E" box="[710,798,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFC919AC44E98093E" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[855,979,1520,1546]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFC919AC44E98093E" box="[855,979,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFAC09AC44824093E" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1286,1391,1520,1546]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFAC09AC44824093E" box="[1286,1391,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, giving this latter taxon a range that extended from the Late Cretaceous to the Eocene.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFB5E99254839091B" author="Parris D. C. & Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr." box="[1176,1394,1553,1580]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="161 - 172" refId="ref148412" refString="Parris D. C., Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr. 2001. Reassessment of the affinities of the extinct genus Cylindracanthus (Osteichthyes). Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science 80: 161 - 172." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Parris
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFB2499264850091C" box="[1250,1307,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, provided convincing evidence that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFD0399004E0B0979" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[709,832,1588,1614]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFD0399004E0B0979" box="[709,832,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a distinct taxon and could be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFF7B99634C6C0947" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[189,295,1623,1649]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B99634C6C0947" box="[189,295,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFEA799634CF10947" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[353,442,1623,1649]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFEA799634CF10947" box="[353,442,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of two distinct parallel ventral grooves, each containing a single row of acrodont teeth.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFE02994D4FD509A4" author="Parris D. C. & Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr." box="[452,670,1657,1683]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="161 - 172" refId="ref148412" refString="Parris D. C., Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr. 2001. Reassessment of the affinities of the extinct genus Cylindracanthus (Osteichthyes). Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science 80: 161 - 172." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Parris
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFDC9994E4F0209A4" box="[527,585,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also noted that the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFC20994D492909A4" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[998,1122,1657,1683]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFC20994D492909A4" box="[998,1122,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
extended from the Late Cretaceous into the Eocene, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFDA899A84F8E0982" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[622,709,1692,1718]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFDA899A84F8E0982" box="[622,709,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFD3D99A84E280982" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[763,867,1692,1718]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFD3D99A84E280982" box="[763,867,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were confined to the Eocene. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFAF499AF4C0009EF" author="Parris D. C. & Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr." pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="161 - 172" refId="ref148412" refString="Parris D. C., Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr. 2001. Reassessment of the affinities of the extinct genus Cylindracanthus (Osteichthyes). Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science 80: 161 - 172." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Parris
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFF7B998B4DBC09EF" box="[189,247,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that all three species should be viewed as valid, they stated that a more extensive review of the genus was necessary. Regarding the Eocene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFCBB99D54E9C09CD" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[893,983,1761,1787]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFCBB99D54E9C09CD" box="[893,983,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFBD299D54C40082A" authority=", Thurmond & Jones (1981)" authorityName=", Thurmond & Jones" authorityYear="1981" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFBD299D549CB09CD" box="[1044,1152,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFB5699D44C40082A" author="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E." pageId="149" pageNumber="150" refId="ref152244" refString="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E. 1981. Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa." type="book" year="1981">Thurmond & Jones (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggested the two could be differentiated by rostral diameter (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFC3F98374919082B" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[1017,1106,1795,1821]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFC3F98374919082B" box="[1017,1106,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
up to 7.0 mm;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFACA9837483C082B" authorityName=", Thurmond & Jones" authorityYear="1981" box="[1292,1399,1795,1821]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFACA9837483C082B" box="[1292,1399,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
up to
|
||
<quantity id="574651B2FF10FF3AFEC798114C1D0877" box="[257,342,1829,1856]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and number of ridges around the rostral circumference (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFC3F9812491A0808" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[1017,1105,1830,1856]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFC3F9812491A0808" box="[1017,1105,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
up to 19;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFB0C981248780808" authorityName=", Thurmond & Jones" authorityYear="1981" box="[1226,1331,1830,1856]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFB0C981248780808" box="[1226,1331,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
up to 46). Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF10FF3AFEA398734FD00855" author="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E." box="[357,667,1863,1890]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" refId="ref152244" refString="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E. 1981. Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa." type="book" year="1981">Thurmond & Jones (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned these differences could be related to ontogeny, they concluded that the two taxa were distinct due to the absence of specimens of an intermediate size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF10FF39FF7B989A483D0CF4" blockId="149.[189,1399,1965,2027]" lastBlockId="150.[189,1399,267,963]" lastPageId="150" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
|
||
We examined
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF10FF3AFEB798994F7E08F0" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[369,565,1965,1991]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF10FF3AFEB798994F7E08F0" box="[369,565,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Cylindracanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens that were derived from several Cretaceous and Eocene deposits in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF10FF3AFE8798E54CE508DC" box="[321,430,2001,2027]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
, which allowed us to formulate several conclusions regarding the taxonomy of the species in this genus. We view
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FDF29E384FC50E12" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1870" box="[564,654,268,294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FDF29E384FC50E12" box="[564,654,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">C. acus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FC729E3849540E12" authorityName=", Thurmond & Jones" authorityYear="1981" box="[948,1055,268,294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FC729E3849540E12" box="[948,1055,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because our sample exhibits a clear size gradient between small and large specimens. Our sample also indicates that the rostral diameter and number of ridges around the circumference are not taxonomically useful characteristics, but instead are related to ontogeny. Furthermore, because the rostra decrease in diameter and ridges often intersect and combine anteriorly, counting the number of ridges on rostrum fragments is problematic because, in cross-section, the distal end of a complete rostrum has fewer ridges than does the proximal end. Of the specimens from Claiborne Group formations, rostra were broadly divided into three groups: 1) those with tooth-bearing ventral grooves; 2) those without tooth-bearing grooves, and; 3) those where the presence of tooth grooves could not be determined due to specimen preservation (i.e., incomplete rostral diameter, matrix-filled grooves). We found that specimens from both groups 1 and 2 can have nearly identical rostral circumferences, suggesting that the presence or absence of teeth is not related to ontogeny. This lends support to the conclusions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF13FF39FCD69DBA4EA70D9E" author="Parris D. C. & Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr." box="[784,1004,654,681]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" pagination="161 - 172" refId="ref148412" refString="Parris D. C., Grandstaff B. S. & Bell G. L. Jr. 2001. Reassessment of the affinities of the extinct genus Cylindracanthus (Osteichthyes). Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science 80: 161 - 172." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Parris
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FC9A9DBB4EDC0D9E" box="[860,919,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FBE09DBB49E80D9F" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[1062,1187,655,681]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FBE09DBB49E80D9F" box="[1062,1187,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">C. ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(those with teeth) is a distinct species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FE2B9D864F1C0DFB" authorityName=", Thurmond & Jones" authorityYear="1981" box="[493,599,690,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FE2B9D864F1C0DFB" box="[493,599,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">C. rectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(those without teeth) and that these species were coeval during the Eocene. It could be argued that the presence or absence of tooth grooves reflects sexual dimorphism, but all of the Cretaceous specimens we examined have this distinct characteristic. This observation leads us to conclude that the presence or absence of tooth-bearing grooves is a taxonomically viable characteristic that can be used to distinguish the two species. This also indicates that only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FB3F9C0B483C0C6F" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[1273,1399,831,857]" family="Macrouridae" genus="Coelorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FB3F9C0B483C0C6F" box="[1273,1399,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">C. ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a range extending back to the Late Cretaceous. Many specimens, including those figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF13FF39FAE69C564C2A0CA8" author="Maisch H. M. & Becker M. A. & Raines B. W. & Chamberlain J. A." pageId="150" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref145747" refString="Maisch H. M., Becker M. A., Raines B. W. & Chamberlain J. A. 2016. Osteichthyans from the Tallahatta- Lisbon Formation Contact (middle Eocene- Lutetian) Pigeon Creek, Conecuh-Covington counties, Alabama with comments on Transatlantic occurrences in the Northern Atlantic Ocean basin. PalArch's Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology 13 (3): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Maisch
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FF7B9CB24DBC0CA8" box="[189,247,901,927]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016: 8
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2, 12–14), are not well enough preserved to confidently identify them to species (i.e., specimens ablated, grooves obscured by matrix), and we herein identify them only as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FB4B9C9C481A0CF5" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[1165,1361,936,962]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FB4B9C9C481A0CF5" box="[1165,1361,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Cylindracanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C4C1ACDFFF13FF39FF7B98704E0C08DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660367" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660367/files/figure.png" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" startId="150.[189,232,1860,1886]" targetBox="[202,1378,1062,1781]" targetPageId="150">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF13FF39FF7B98704E0C08DB" blockId="150.[189,1399,1860,2028]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FF7B98704C620868" bold="true" box="[189,297,1860,1887]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Fig. 56.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FEF998714FFD0868" authority="Leidy, 1856" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[319,694,1860,1887]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FEF998714F480868" box="[319,515,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Cylindracanthus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF13FF39FDDF98714FFD0868" author="Leidy J." box="[537,694,1860,1887]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" pagination="301 - 302" refId="ref144807" refString="Leidy J. 1856. Remarks on certain extinct species of fishes. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, rostra.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FCF598704E270869" bold="true" box="[819,876,1860,1886]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">A–C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FC4C9871483A0868" authority="Leidy, 1856" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[906,1393,1860,1887]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FC4C987149F50868" box="[906,1214,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Cylindracanthus ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF13FF39FB129871483A0868" author="Leidy J." box="[1236,1393,1860,1887]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" pagination="301 - 302" refId="ref144807" refString="Leidy J. 1856. Remarks on certain extinct species of fishes. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8: 301 - 302." type="journal article" year="1856">Leidy, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF13FF39FF7B985C4DAB08B4" box="[189,224,1896,1923]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">SC</collectionCode>
|
||
2012.47.153, basal Lisbon Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FD77985C4F8D08B5" bold="true" box="[689,710,1896,1922]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FCB8985C4ED908B5" bold="true" box="[894,914,1896,1922]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Cross–section.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FB9E985C492608B5" bold="true" box="[1112,1133,1896,1922]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Close–up of denticle rows. —
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FEEF98BF4C2F0892" bold="true" box="[297,356,1931,1957]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">D–G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF13FF39FEB598BF4E020892" authority="(Agassiz, 1843)" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1843" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[371,841,1931,1957]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombridae" genus="Cylindracanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FEB598BF4FCE0892" box="[371,645,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Cylindracanthus rectus</emphasis>
|
||
(Agassiz, 1843)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FC9298BF4EC00892" bold="true" box="[852,907,1931,1957]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">D–E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF13FF39FC5C98BF4E930892" box="[922,984,1931,1957]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38378, “upper” Lisbon Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FF7B989A4D9908FF" bold="true" box="[189,210,1966,1992]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Cross–section.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FE65989A4CFC08FF" bold="true" box="[419,439,1966,1992]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FDBD989A4FF908FF" bold="true" box="[635,690,1966,1992]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">F–G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF13FF39FD01989A4E4308FF" box="[711,776,1966,1992]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">WSU</collectionCode>
|
||
5019, basal Lisbon Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FB65989A49FE08FF" bold="true" box="[1187,1205,1966,1992]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Cross–section.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF13FF39FF7B98E54D9F08DC" bold="true" box="[189,212,2001,2027]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view. Scale bars: A–C =2 mm; D–G= 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF12FF38FF7B9E3F4E5F0E12" blockId="151.[189,788,267,293]" box="[189,788,267,293]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFF12FF38FF7B9E3F4E5F0E12" bold="true" box="[189,788,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF12FF38FF7B9E3F4E5F0E12" bold="true" box="[189,788,267,293]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
Stratigraphic and geographic range in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF12FF38FD649E3F4E5F0E12" box="[674,788,267,293]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF12FF38FF7B9E0C49990E43" blockId="151.[189,1398,312,372]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
|
||
The specimens in our sample were collected from the contact of the Tallahatta and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF12FF38FB5B9E0C49A50E65" box="[1181,1262,312,338]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
formations and the basal
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF12FF38FE9B9E6D4CE50E44" box="[349,430,345,371]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation at site ACov-11. Lower Lutetian, zones NP14 and NP15.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |