508 lines
56 KiB
XML
508 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="429C012C598C93459F7FCEC9E046D790" ID-CLB-Dataset="24105" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.585" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca608e8-fccf-4c1c-b8df-ef0c28e1d518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660259" ID-ZooBank="181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1581251975682" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L." docDate="2019" docId="18174D41FF0AFF3EFDF29C2D4E9308DC" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-585_ebersole_cicimurri_stinger.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 585" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Burnhamia daviesi" docType="treatment" docVersion="20" lastPageNumber="146" masterDocId="E42E3539FF85FFAFFFC69F344D4B0F37" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="144" updateTime="1698783570407" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="BDBA13D3385640A2AF4E62CC3D14E430">Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D3BA2A1B61557415AE164BCF3F362491">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="59B98B3B1FBBD93A065DA1373FA37459">Ebersole, Jun A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B1ED016C50447E6525659EBFCA3A273F">Cicimurri, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7BBA0B4452006E7707BA081FEC6A4769">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="528C0CD89C9DCCB0F9B42513D64105CB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5D4D8198BAA4BA2E25DD8CA24D703A62">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A40FEB1865C9F5C24EE9B3E73754D4F5">
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<mods:date id="69B5D8FC1BDA7F96CE990C725B9A17C2">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ECF2167E6D71B754D079369240C03B7B">2019-12-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0409B83B428D7A35D237E91265DAA51C">585</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8F6E19966CCA75320B586490DF4621A1" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2019.585</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="18174D41FF0AFF3EFDF29C2D4E9308DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664258" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162073137" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FF0AFF3EFDF29C2D4E9308DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18174D41FF0AFF3EFDF29C2D4E9308DC" lastPageId="145" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF0AFF20FDF29C2D4EB40C04" box="[564,1023,793,820]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FDF29C2D4EB40C04" blockId="143.[564,1023,793,855]" box="[564,1023,793,820]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<heading id="CB494B3BFF0AFF20FDF29C2D4EB40C04" box="[564,1023,793,820]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF0AFF20FDF29C2D4EB40C04" authority="(Woodward, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Woodward" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[564,1023,793,820]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daviesi">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDF29C2D4E500C03" bold="true" box="[564,795,793,820]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Burnhamia daviesi</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF0AFF20FCEC9C2D4EBC0C04" author="Woodward A. S." box="[810,1015,793,819]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" refId="ref154310" refString="Woodward A. S. 1889. Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum. Part. I. British Museum (Natural History), London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61854" type="book" year="1889">Woodward, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF0AFF20FD369C084E080C60" box="[752,835,828,855]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FD369C084E080C60" blockId="143.[564,1023,793,855]" box="[752,835,828,855]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<figureCitation id="0885E0D2FF0AFF20FD369C084E080C60" box="[752,835,828,855]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="143.[189,232,1438,1464]" captionTargetBox="[200,1388,522,2018]" captionTargetId="figure@144.[189,1398,512,2024]" captionTargetPageId="144" captionText="Fig. 53. Burnhamia daviesi (Woodward, 1889), teeth. A–E. MSC 38878.2, median tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation. A. Oral view. B. Basal view. C. Labial view. D. Lingual view. E. Profile view. F–J. MSC 38878.1, median tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation. F. Oral view. G. Basal view. H. Labial view. I. Lingual view. J. Profile view. K–O. MSC 38826, median tooth, basal Lisbon Formation. K. Oral view. L. Basal view. M. Labial view. N. Lingual view. O. Profile view. P–T. MSC 38878.3, lateral tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation. P. Oral view. Q. Basal view. R. Labial view. S. Lingual view. T. Profile view. U–Y. MSC 38823.4, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. U. Oral view. V. Basal view. W. Labial view. X. Lingual view. Y. Profile view. Z–DD. MSC 38823.3, median tooth, Gosport Sand. Z. Oral view. AA. Basal view. BB. Labial view. CC. Lingual view. DD. Profile view. EE–II. MSC 38823.2, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. EE. Oral view. FF. Basal view. GG. Labial view. HH. Lingual view. II. Profile view. JJ–NN. MSC 38823.1, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. JJ. Oral view. KK. Basal view. LL. Labial view. MM. Lingual view. NN. Profile view. OO–SS. MSC 38878.4, lateral tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation. OO. Oral view. PP. Basal view. QQ. Labial view. RR. Lingual view. SS. Profile view. TT– XX. MSC 38821, lateral tooth, basal Gosport Sand. TT. Oral view. UU. Basal view. VV. Labial view. WW. Lingual view. XX. Profile view. YY–AC. MSC 35789, lateral tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation. YY. Oral view. ZZ. Basal view. AB. Labial view. AC. Lingual view. Labial at top in oral and basal views. Labial at top in oral and basal views. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660516/files/figure.png" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF0AFF20FF7B9C4A4FED0CED" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FF7B9C4A4E770CAF" blockId="143.[189,828,894,920]" box="[189,828,894,920]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF0AFF20FF7B9C4A4E770CAF" box="[189,828,894,920]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF0AFF20FF7B9C4A4FE10CAF" authority="Woodward, 1889: 126" authorityName="Woodward" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1889" box="[189,682,894,920]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daviesi">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B9C4A4CD00CAF" box="[189,411,894,920]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Rhinoptera daviesi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF0AFF20FE649C4A4FE10CAF" author="Woodward A. S." box="[418,682,894,920]" page="126" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" year="1889">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF0AFF20FE649C4A4FE10CAF" author="Woodward A. S." box="[418,682,894,920]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" refId="ref154310" refString="Woodward A. S. 1889. Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum. Part. I. British Museum (Natural History), London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61854" type="book" year="1889">Woodward, 1889: 126</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 3, fig. 6.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FF7B9C8B4FED0CED" blockId="143.[189,678,959,986]" box="[189,678,959,986]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF0AFF20FF7B9C8B4FED0CED" box="[189,678,959,986]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF0AFF20FF7B9C8B4FE90CED" authority="- Cappetta 1976: 564" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityPageNumber="564" authorityYear="1976" box="[189,674,959,986]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daviesi">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B9C8B4CD00CEE" box="[189,411,959,985]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Burnhamia daviesi</emphasis>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF0AFF20FE7F9C8B4FE90CED" author="Cappetta H." box="[441,674,959,986]" page="564" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" year="1976">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF0AFF20FE7F9C8B4FE90CED" author="Cappetta H." box="[441,674,959,986]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" pagination="551 - 575" refId="ref137622" refString="Cappetta H. 1976. Selaciens nouveaux du London Clay de l'Essex (Ypresien du Bassin de Londres). Geobios 9 (5): 551 - 575. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (76) 80024 - 1" type="journal article" year="1976">Cappetta 1976: 564</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF0AFF20FF7B9B3449770B5A" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FF7B9B344CE10B2D" blockId="143.[189,426,1024,1050]" box="[189,426,1024,1050]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<heading id="CB494B3BFF0AFF20FF7B9B344CE10B2D" bold="true" box="[189,426,1024,1050]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B9B344CE10B2D" bold="true" box="[189,426,1024,1050]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FF7B9B0449770B5A" blockId="143.[189,1398,1071,1133]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<materialsCitation id="20D6F60AFF0AFF20FF7B9B0449730B5A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564277971" collectionCode="MSC" country="United States of America" location="Claiborne Group" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" specimenCount="9" stateProvince="Alabama">
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<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FF0AFF20FF7B9B044F1B0B7E" box="[189,592,1071,1098]" name="United States of America" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
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–
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDAA9B1B4F950B7E" bold="true" box="[620,734,1071,1097]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF0AFF20FDAA9B1B4F950B7E" box="[620,734,1071,1097]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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• 12 isolated teeth;
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<location id="9561AA8CFF0AFF20FC009B1B49DB0B7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FF0AFF3EFDF29C2D4E9308DC:9561AA8CFF0AFF20FC009B1B49DB0B7E" box="[966,1168,1071,1097]" country="United States of America" name="Claiborne Group" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" stateProvince="Alabama">Claiborne Group</location>
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;
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<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FB5D9B1B49920B7E" box="[1179,1241,1071,1097]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
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38821,
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<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FAFE9B1B483D0B7E" box="[1336,1398,1071,1097]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
35789,
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<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FED39B674C180B5A" box="[277,339,1107,1133]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38823 (
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<specimenCount id="86B837DEFF0AFF20FE729B674F010B5A" box="[436,586,1106,1133]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
),
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||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FD9B9B674FD00B5A" box="[605,667,1107,1133]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38826,
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||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FD3D9B674E720B5A" box="[763,825,1107,1133]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38878 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFF0AFF20FC5C9B66497B0B5A" box="[922,1072,1106,1133]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF0AFF3FFF7B9BA04CB40EE2" lastPageId="144" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FF7B9BA04C050B99" blockId="143.[189,334,1172,1198]" box="[189,334,1172,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFF0AFF20FF7B9BA04C050B99" bold="true" box="[189,334,1172,1198]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B9BA04C050B99" bold="true" box="[189,334,1172,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Description</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF3FFF7B9BF64CB40EE2" blockId="143.[189,1399,1218,1351]" lastBlockId="144.[189,1398,267,470]" lastPageId="144" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Median teeth very wide and relatively narrow. Lateral teeth two-to-three times wider than long. In oral view, all specimens with six-sided crown with sharp lateral angles. Occlusal surface concave to varying degrees. Concave surface completely surrounded by a conspicuous rim; rim bears fine network of reticulated ridges. Labial crown face vertical; crown foot often developed into a sharp projection. Lingual face with rounded transverse ridge at the crown foot; has a narrow suprajacent furrow. Often, a second less well-developed transverse ridge is near the crown apex. All crown faces ornamented with fine reticulated ridging and coarser vertical wrinkling. Ornamentation is conspicuous on median teeth; less so on distal lateral teeth. Root polyaulocorhize; relatively few lamellae are separated by wide nutritive grooves and may be one-half or equal to the crown height. Root lamellae may extend slightly past the lingual crown foot.</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="C4C1ACDFFF0AFF20FF7B9AAA4EE108DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660516/files/figure.png" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" targetBox="[200,1388,522,2018]" targetPageId="144">
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF0AFF20FF7B9AAA4EE108DB" blockId="143.[189,1399,1438,2028]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B9AAA4C6A0A8F" bold="true" box="[189,289,1438,1464]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Fig. 53.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF0AFF20FEE99AAA4E400A8F" authority="(Woodward, 1889)" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1889" baseAuthorityName="Woodward" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[303,779,1438,1464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daviesi">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FEE99AAA4F5E0A8F" box="[303,533,1438,1464]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Burnhamia daviesi</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF0AFF20FDED9AAA4E4A0A8F" author="Woodward A. S." box="[555,769,1438,1464]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" refId="ref154310" refString="Woodward A. S. 1889. Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum. Part. I. British Museum (Natural History), London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61854" type="book" year="1889">Woodward, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, teeth.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCAB9AAA4EEF0A8F" bold="true" box="[877,932,1438,1464]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">A–E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FC7C9AAA4EB30A8F" box="[954,1016,1438,1464]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38878.2, median tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE039AF54C910AEC" bold="true" box="[453,474,1473,1499]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDB69AF64FCF0AEB" bold="true" box="[624,644,1474,1500]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCE19AF54E770AEC" bold="true" box="[807,828,1473,1499]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC2F9AF64EB50AEB" bold="true" box="[1001,1022,1474,1500]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FB7A9AF6499B0AEB" bold="true" box="[1212,1232,1474,1500]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B9AD14DA70AC8" bold="true" box="[189,236,1509,1535]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">F–J</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FF3A9AD14C710AC8" box="[252,314,1509,1535]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38878.1, median tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC6D9AD14EF60AC8" bold="true" box="[939,957,1509,1535]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FB899AD1492D0AC8" bold="true" box="[1103,1126,1509,1535]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FAC39AD148570AC8" bold="true" box="[1285,1308,1509,1535]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FEC7993C4C470915" bold="true" box="[257,268,1544,1570]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE79993C4C850915" bold="true" box="[447,462,1544,1570]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDB2993C4FFB0915" bold="true" box="[628,688,1544,1570]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">K–O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FD7B993C4FB00915" box="[701,763,1544,1570]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38826, median tooth, basal Lisbon Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FAD8993C487E0915" bold="true" box="[1310,1333,1544,1570]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FEC7991F4C5E0972" bold="true" box="[257,277,1579,1605]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE68991F4C810972" bold="true" box="[430,458,1579,1605]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">M</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDAA991F4FCA0972" bold="true" box="[620,641,1579,1605]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">N</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCF3991F4E070972" bold="true" box="[821,844,1579,1605]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">O</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC37991F496E0972" bold="true" box="[1009,1061,1579,1605]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">P–T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FBF5991F493A0972" box="[1075,1137,1579,1605]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38878.3, lateral tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDD7997B4F68095E" bold="true" box="[529,547,1615,1641]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">P</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FD7F997A4F9B095F" bold="true" box="[697,720,1614,1640]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Q</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCB5997B4EC3095E" bold="true" box="[883,904,1615,1641]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">R</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FBF0997A490D095F" bold="true" box="[1078,1094,1614,1640]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">S</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FAC2997B4853095E" bold="true" box="[1284,1304,1615,1641]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">T</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FEC299464C7609BB" bold="true" box="[260,317,1650,1676]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">U–Y</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FE8899464CC709BB" box="[334,396,1650,1676]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38823.4, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC9099464E2009BB" bold="true" box="[854,875,1650,1676]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">U</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC399946495F09BB" bold="true" box="[1023,1044,1650,1676]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">V</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FB709946499809BB" bold="true" box="[1206,1235,1650,1676]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">W</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B99A14D990998" bold="true" box="[189,210,1685,1711]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">X</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE5499A14CEC0998" bold="true" box="[402,423,1685,1711]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Y</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FD9C99A14FEC0998" bold="true" box="[602,679,1685,1711]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Z–DD</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FD7E99A14FBD0998" box="[696,758,1685,1711]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38823.3, median tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FB1299A149A30998" bold="true" box="[1236,1256,1685,1711]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Z</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B998C4DAC09E5" bold="true" box="[189,231,1720,1746]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">AA</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE4F998C4CFB09E5" bold="true" box="[393,432,1720,1746]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">BB</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FD9D998C4FCE09E5" bold="true" box="[603,645,1720,1746]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">CC</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC87998C4E2009E5" bold="true" box="[833,875,1720,1746]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">DD</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FBDC998C492C09E5" bold="true" box="[1050,1127,1720,1746]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">EE–II</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FBB1998C49FE09E5" box="[1143,1205,1720,1746]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38823.2, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE7A99EF4CA809C2" bold="true" box="[444,483,1755,1781]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">EE</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDBE99EF4FD709C2" bold="true" box="[632,668,1755,1781]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">FF</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCF899EF4E2709C2" bold="true" box="[830,876,1755,1781]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">GG</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FBD199EF490E09C2" bold="true" box="[1047,1093,1755,1781]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">HH</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FAC799EF485309C2" bold="true" box="[1281,1304,1755,1781]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">II</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FEC299CB4C11082E" bold="true" box="[260,346,1791,1817]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">JJ–NN</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FEAD99CA4CE2082F" box="[363,425,1790,1816]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38823.1, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCB599CB4EDB082E" bold="true" box="[883,912,1791,1817]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">JJ</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FBE399CB4918082E" bold="true" box="[1061,1107,1791,1817]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">KK</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FB3299CB4850082E" bold="true" box="[1268,1307,1791,1817]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">LL</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FEC198164C75080B" bold="true" box="[263,318,1826,1852]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MM</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDC598164F66080B" bold="true" box="[515,557,1826,1852]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">NN</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FD2398154E09080C" bold="true" box="[741,834,1825,1851]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">OO–SS</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FC9398164ED8080B" box="[853,915,1826,1852]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38878.4, lateral tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE8098714C3F0868" bold="true" box="[326,372,1861,1887]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">OO</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FDC498714F6D0868" bold="true" box="[514,550,1861,1887]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">PP</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FD0498714FBB0868" bold="true" box="[706,752,1861,1887]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">QQ</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC5098714E8B0868" bold="true" box="[918,960,1861,1887]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">RR</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FBB1987149D30868" bold="true" box="[1143,1176,1861,1887]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">SS</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FA8798714DAC08B5" bold="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">TT– XX</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FF31985C4C7E08B5" box="[247,309,1896,1922]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38821, lateral tooth, basal Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCEE985C4E0408B5" bold="true" box="[808,847,1896,1922]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">TT</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FC27985C494008B5" bold="true" box="[993,1035,1896,1922]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">UU</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FB6D985C499E08B5" bold="true" box="[1195,1237,1896,1922]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">VV</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B98BF4DB30892" bold="true" box="[189,248,1931,1957]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">WW</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FE6998BF4C920892" bold="true" box="[431,473,1931,1957]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">XX</emphasis>
|
||
. Profile view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FD4298BF4FAC0892" bold="true" box="[644,743,1931,1957]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">YY–AC</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF0AFF20FD3198BF4E7E0892" box="[759,821,1931,1957]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
35789, lateral tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FF7B989B4DAC08FE" bold="true" box="[189,231,1967,1993]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">YY</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FEB9989B4CED08FE" bold="true" box="[383,422,1967,1993]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">ZZ</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FD8D989A4F3F08FF" bold="true" box="[587,628,1966,1992]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">AB</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF0AFF20FCE4989A4E0708FF" bold="true" box="[802,844,1966,1992]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">AC</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. Labial at top in oral and basal views. Labial at top in oral and basal views. Scale bars = 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF14FF3EFF7B9E3F4E9308DC" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF14FF3EFF7B9E3F4C640E12" blockId="145.[189,303,267,293]" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFF14FF3EFF7B9E3F4C640E12" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B9E3F4C640E12" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF14FF3EFF7B9E0B4FDC0D79" blockId="145.[189,1399,319,590]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
Illustrations of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4F0542F5FF14FF3EFE6A9E0B4F580E6E" box="[428,531,319,345]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFD789E0B4ED00E6E" author="Woodward A. S." box="[702,923,319,345]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" refId="ref154310" refString="Woodward A. S. 1889. Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum. Part. I. British Museum (Natural History), London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61854" type="book" year="1889">Woodward (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFC6B9E0B48390E6E" author="Hovestadt D. C. & Hovestadt-Euler M." box="[941,1394,319,345]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref143545" refString="Hovestadt D. C. & Hovestadt-Euler M. 2013. Generic assessment and reallocation of Cenozoic Myliobatinae based on new information of tooth, tooth plate and caudal spine morphology of extant taxa. Palaeontos 24: 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="2013">Hovestadt & Hovestadt-Euler (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFF349E5C4F560EB5" author="Underwood C. J. & Kolmann M. A. & Ward D. J." box="[242,541,360,386]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="1293068" refId="ref152772" refString="Underwood C. J., Kolmann M. A. & Ward D. J. 2017. Paleogene origin of planktivory in the Batoidea. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 (3): e 1293068. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2017.1293068" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Underwood
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFE419E5D4C8E0EB5" box="[391,453,360,386]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that the dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFC409E5C49230EB5" baseAuthorityName="Woodward" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[902,1128,360,386]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daviesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFC409E5C49230EB5" box="[902,1128,360,386]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia daviesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFF7B9EA44C0A0E9D" box="[189,321,400,426]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B9EA44C0A0E9D" box="[189,321,400,426]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Rhinoptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, consisting of a median row of very wide teeth that is flanked by multiple rows of lateral teeth that decrease in size towards the commissure. Gross tooth morphology and limited crown wear has led to interpretations that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFE289ED64F390ECB" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[494,626,482,508]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFE289ED64F390ECB" box="[494,626,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a pelagic planktivore related to extant devil rays, and recent phylogenetic analyses placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFDE39D3F4FE20D12" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[549,681,523,549]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFDE39D3F4FE20D12" box="[549,681,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
securely within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFC639D3F496F0D12" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1893" box="[933,1060,523,549]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Mobulidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFBF19D3F48390D12" author="Zhelezko V. I. & Kozlov V. A." box="[1079,1394,523,549]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref154782" refString="Zhelezko V. I. & Kozlov V. A. 1999. [Elasmobranchii and Palaeogene biostratigraphy of Transural and Central Asia]. Materialy po stratigrafii i paleontologii Urala 3: 1 - 324. [In Russian.]" type="journal article" year="1999">Zhelezko & Kozlov 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFF7B9D004C200D79" author="Cappetta H." box="[189,363,564,590]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" refId="ref137948" refString="Cappetta H. 2012. Chondrichthyes (Mesozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii, Teeth). Handbook of Palaeoichthyology. Verlag Friedrich Pfeil, Munchen." type="book" year="2012">Cappetta 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFEB19D004FC00D79" author="Underwood C. J. & Kolmann M. A. & Ward D. J." box="[375,651,564,590]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="1293068" refId="ref152772" refString="Underwood C. J., Kolmann M. A. & Ward D. J. 2017. Paleogene origin of planktivory in the Batoidea. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 (3): e 1293068. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2017.1293068" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Underwood
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFDCF9D004F080D79" box="[521,579,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF14FF3EFF7B9D4F4F250BCF" blockId="145.[189,1399,635,1272]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
Within the Tallahatta Formation, the concave occlusal surface on median and lateral teeth easily distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFE839D974C820D8A" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[325,457,675,701]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFE839D974C820D8A" box="[325,457,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from any of the other coeval
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFCE39D974E8E0D8A" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1838" box="[805,965,675,701]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myliobatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFB819D9749800D8A" box="[1095,1227,675,701]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFB819D9749800D8A" box="[1095,1227,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Rhinoptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFB1F9D9748240D8A" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1908" box="[1241,1391,675,701]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFB1F9D9748240D8A" box="[1241,1391,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFF7B9DF84C710DD1" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1816" box="[189,314,716,742]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B9DF84C710DD1" box="[189,314,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFEB09DF84F7B0DD1" box="[374,560,716,742]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pseudaetobatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFEB09DF84F7B0DD1" box="[374,560,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Pseudaetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This singular feature also serves to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFB889DF849990DD1" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[1102,1234,716,742]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFB889DF849990DD1" box="[1102,1234,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFF7B9DC14C7C0C38" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1986" box="[189,311,757,783]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Leidybatis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B9DC14C7C0C38" box="[189,311,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Leidybatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFE809DC14CF00C38" authorityName="de Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[326,443,757,783]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFE809DC14CF00C38" box="[326,443,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFE0D9DC14F030C38" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1816" box="[459,584,757,783]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFE0D9DC14F030C38" box="[459,584,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFD9E9DC14FA50C38" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1908" box="[600,750,757,783]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFD9E9DC14FA50C38" box="[600,750,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFCEE9DC14EE70C38" box="[808,940,757,783]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFCEE9DC14EE70C38" box="[808,940,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Rhinoptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that occur in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF14FF3EFBBD9DC149870C38" box="[1147,1228,757,783]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation, as well as teeth of the latter three taxa from the Gosport Sand. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFBC99C2A49D80C0F" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[1039,1171,798,824]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFBC99C2A49D80C0F" box="[1039,1171,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFF3F9C724F5E0C57" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[249,533,838,864]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yazooensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF3F9C724F5E0C57" box="[249,533,838,864]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Eoplinthicus yazooensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a mobulid taxon that also inhabited the Gosport Sand paleoenvironment (see below). Both genera are exceedingly rare within the sample of several thousand
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFB1C9C5B483D0CBE" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1838" box="[1242,1398,879,905]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myliobatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
teeth we examined from the Gosport Sand, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFD2A9CAC4E3B0C85" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[748,880,920,946]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFD2A9CAC4E3B0C85" box="[748,880,920,946]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished by an occlusal surface that is equal to, or only slightly smaller in area than, the crown base, whereas the occlusal surface of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFF7B9CDE4C140B34" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[189,351,1002,1027]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yazooensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B9CDE4C140B34" box="[189,351,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">E. yazooensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is significantly smaller in area than the crown base. Additionally, the labial crown foot is developed into a sharp horizontal or basally directed projection, but the lower half of the labial face of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFF1B9B084C360B62" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[221,381,1084,1109]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yazooensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF1B9B084C360B62" box="[221,381,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">E. yazooensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is broadly rounded. In profile, the lateral angles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFC1A9B0F492B0B62" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[988,1120,1083,1109]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFC1A9B0F492B0B62" box="[988,1120,1083,1109]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much more sharply defined than on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFEB19B514F5E0B49" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[375,533,1125,1150]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yazooensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFEB19B514F5E0B49" box="[375,533,1125,1150]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">E. yazooensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also, the occlusal surface of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFCB49B504EBD0B49" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[882,1014,1124,1150]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFCB49B504EBD0B49" box="[882,1014,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
teeth bears a reticulated network of ridges, whereas surfaces of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFDEB9BBA4F850B90" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[557,718,1166,1191]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yazooensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFDEB9BBA4F850B90" box="[557,718,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">E. yazooensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit a series of fine labiolingually oriented striations. The crown of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFEA19B814CA00BF8" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[359,491,1205,1231]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFEA19B814CA00BF8" box="[359,491,1205,1231]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a sharp six-sided outline in occlusal view, whereas the labial margin on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFF7B9BEB4C160BCF" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[189,349,1247,1272]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yazooensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B9BEB4C160BCF" box="[189,349,1247,1272]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">E. yazooensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is less sharply defined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF14FF3EFF7B9A114FEA093C" blockId="145.[189,1399,1317,1548]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
Some teeth within the Tallahatta Formation and Gosport Sand samples exhibit a particularly concave occlusal surface surrounded by a very sharp ridge, a condition that is similar to specimens that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFB2A9A7A4C1B0AA6" author="Underwood C. J. & Kolmann M. A. & Ward D. J." pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="1293068" refId="ref152772" refString="Underwood C. J., Kolmann M. A. & Ward D. J. 2017. Paleogene origin of planktivory in the Batoidea. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 (3): e 1293068. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2017.1293068" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Underwood
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B9A4C4DB20AA6" box="[189,249,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified as possible male teeth within the species. The morphologies of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFB349A43483D0AA6" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[1266,1398,1399,1425]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFB349A43483D0AA6" box="[1266,1398,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
teeth from the Tallahatta Formation and Gosport Sand overlap, and we therefore consider them to be conspecific. The single specimen from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF14FF3EFD079AFC4E590AD5" box="[705,786,1480,1506]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation is ablated, but it also conforms to teeth recovered from the other two formations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF14FF3EFF7B990D4FAE0829" blockId="145.[189,1399,1592,1822]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
It has been postulated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFDDA990C4FEB0965" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1976" box="[540,672,1592,1618]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFDDA990C4FEB0965" box="[540,672,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
diverged into two lineages, one where the teeth become progressively smaller and less ornamented over time (i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFCB599554908094C" authorityName="Cappetta" authorityYear="1985" box="[883,1091,1633,1659]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fetahi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFCB599554908094C" box="[883,1091,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Burnhamia fetahi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFB6299564852094C" baseAuthorityName="Woodward" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1188,1305,1633,1659]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daviesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFB6299564852094C" box="[1188,1305,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">B. daviesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineage that continued until the middle Eocene, giving rise to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFCE699BE4EFF0993" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[800,948,1674,1700]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFCE699BE4EFF0993" box="[800,948,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Eoplinthicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFC0499BE49240993" author="Cappetta H." box="[962,1135,1673,1700]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="27 - 33" refId="ref137778" refString="Cappetta H. 1985. Sur un nouvelle espece de Burnhamia (Batomorphii, Mobulidae) de l'Ypresien des Oules Abdoun, Maroc. Tertiary Research 7 (1): 27 - 33." type="journal article" year="1985">Cappetta 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFBBF99BE4DB009FA" author="Noubhani A. & Cappetta H." pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref147933" refString="Noubhani A. & Cappetta H. 1992. Evolution de la taille et de la morphologie des dents dans deux lignees de selaciens: application biostratigraphique. Tertiary Research 14 (1): 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1992">Noubhani & Cappetta 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF14FF3EFEC099874F7D09FA" author="Cappetta H. & Stringer G. L." box="[262,566,1714,1741]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" pagination="51 - 56" refId="ref138109" refString="Cappetta H. & Stringer G. L. 2002. A new batoid genus (Neoselachii: Myliobatiformes) from the Yazoo Clay (upper Eocene) of Louisiana, USA. Tertiary Research 21 (104): 51 - 56." type="journal article" year="2002">Cappetta & Stringer 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, within our sample, which spans from the Ypresian to middle Bartonian, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFEA899E84CAF09C2" baseAuthorityName="Woodward" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[366,484,1755,1781]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Mobulidae" genus="Burnhamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daviesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFEA899E84CAF09C2" box="[366,484,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">B. daviesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
teeth remain morphologically constant over that time and have stratigraphic overlap with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF14FF3EFE9E98304CA70829" authorityName="Cappetta & Stringer" authorityYear="2002" box="[344,492,1796,1822]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Mobulidae" genus="Eoplinthicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFE9E98304CA70829" box="[344,492,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Eoplinthicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Gosport Sand.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF14FF3EFF7B987F4E5F0852" blockId="145.[189,788,1867,1893]" box="[189,788,1867,1893]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFF14FF3EFF7B987F4E5F0852" bold="true" box="[189,788,1867,1893]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="145" pageNumber="146" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF14FF3EFF7B987F4E5F0852" bold="true" box="[189,788,1867,1893]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
Stratigraphic and geographic range in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF14FF3EFD64987F4E5F0852" box="[674,788,1867,1893]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF14FF3EFF7B984B4E9308DC" blockId="145.[189,1399,1919,2027]" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">
|
||
The specimens in our sample were collected from the lower Tallahatta Formation at site ADl-1, the basal
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF14FF3EFF7B989C4C4508F5" box="[189,270,1960,1986]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="145" pageNumber="146">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation at site ACov-11, the basal Gosport Sand at site ACl-4, and the Gosport Sand at site ACl-15. Upper Ypresian to middle Bartonian, zones NP14 to NP17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |