254 lines
25 KiB
XML
254 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="E75D1BED8CAE8BFB30A4ECB9B295490D" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.sajb.2017.04.006" ID-ISSN="1727-9321" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10496420" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1705062200933" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Magee, A. R., Ebrahim, I., Koopman, R. & von Staden, L." docDate="2017" docId="90781220FFD87765FFE7FB2F229CFB76" docLanguage="en" docName="SAfrJBot.111.371-386.pdf" docOrigin="South African Journal of Botany 111" docSource="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0254629916340546" docStyle="DocumentStyle:AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4.1:SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4" docStyleName="SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Marasmodes macrocephala S. Ortiz 2009" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" masterDocId="6C416A58FFD0776DFF96FFA9265EFFED" masterDocTitle="Marasmodes (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), the most threatened plant genus of the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa: Conservation and taxonomy *" masterLastPageNumber="371" masterPageNumber="371" pageNumber="371" updateTime="1705512556691" updateUser="felipe">
|
||
<mods:mods id="138A646412ECB6C9986743CD2CE6646F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="2DC05B32A1848F92AD1EAB945F76EB8D">
|
||
<mods:title id="BC8B2A3B753F4783206B16C6882285F5">Marasmodes (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), the most threatened plant genus of the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa: Conservation and taxonomy *</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="7716F7B4C534B6FACA89693546784FE0" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FDC349D449C3155D36BEBEF911261202">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6407842FCEA3EE8F0178EA46F555D626">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="73867A68B34F32AC1F63F416177486F6">Magee, A. R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C0D41F2387835A1D18D5EB4D1B42FA81" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A260896243A61D2A81517508CEFF605B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="DA62E5B4F7422B937705603634268D79">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4CDD6BDF29F5A5DBC281F5B446140913">Ebrahim, I.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="6B061CFC9568D7514310DD87AD740F39" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="159DE1165147D500B06F38EBE567F6E1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="981A96D4044F33095EC9005035A98A9B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="06A8CABC2FCEF7229E30CB8D4B41EC38">Koopman, R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B955170F35494C308304E9C8276D8D05" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D703A0584818403260FE15EA92D89D6C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E2E3BE281724030706C523A4415B1821">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0794A2909D27B1B6D450B84B58C3362B">von Staden, L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="6B42BE673011B73A1A77821E1B69AA66">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="303BB3619A6B3112CE7167B60D977C57" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="E5EAE079C3F19308802AD8B20AF8BB72">
|
||
<mods:title id="1639F85230A1FAE4AEA2BFE367A78D25">South African Journal of Botany</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="4BAF9C766809421109D2968C66854940">
|
||
<mods:date id="64DDAB9C2896E06BEDB8BF6A04EC71A0">2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="49EDCC67251520A4668B9FAF59FE5328" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="2168C140ECCEFC0F5A42E31C8E07076F">2017-07-31</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F1763D3788C230B307DEF7CFBCC05FB7" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="334545184B10C9F6E932159AEB70FB01">111</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="3E47A3194787614C280F13D79A2F6A63" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="997B96D2EED5D1AA440FE8195DC6CFFA">371</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="30FAB6624FEFF5B33A6DE7305DFDD603">371</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="2665E8ED959A4DDB7D9FC95C8A443507">
|
||
<mods:url id="73057DDE703419034EA201AFD5104129">https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0254629916340546</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="DAAFA79C3E187F3096252FE5CC571FF6">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BEB70B8EEF4FEB72301153457407594B" type="DOI">10.1016/j.sajb.2017.04.006</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3895ACA9D35E9728B813EC535D5B6F2F" type="ISSN">1727-9321</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="83F930E2BA6196194A296A55946F09BD" type="Zenodo-Dep">10496420</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="90781220FFD87765FFE7FB2F229CFB76" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90781220FFD87765FFE7FB2F229CFB76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/90781220FFD87765FFE7FB2F229CFB76" pageId="8">
|
||
<subSubSection id="50CBF0BDFFD87765FFE7FB2F2721FB77" box="[113,383,1158,1178]" pageId="8" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FFE7FB2F2721FB77" blockId="8.[113,784,1158,1709]" box="[113,383,1158,1178]" pageId="8">
|
||
<heading id="4326145AFFD87765FFE7FB2F2721FB77" box="[113,383,1158,1178]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="8" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FFE7FB2F2721FB77" box="[113,383,1158,1178]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD1D8B5FFD87765FF11FB2F2721FB77" ID-CoL="73698" authorityName="S. Ortiz" authorityYear="2009" box="[135,383,1158,1178]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Marasmodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocephala">Marasmodes macrocephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50CBF0BDFFD87765FF07FB0A243FFB03" pageId="8" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FF07FB0A243FFB03" blockId="8.[113,784,1158,1709]" pageId="8">
|
||
<bibCitation id="CDFBAB5AFFD87765FF07FB0A245AFB5B" author="S. Ortiz" box="[145,516,1187,1207]" journal="Bot. J. Linn. Soc." page="338" pageId="8" score="50.350214376172545" volume="159" year="2009">
|
||
S.Ortiz,
|
||
<bibCitation id="CDFBAB5AFFD87765FF4EFB0D245AFB5B" box="[216,516,1187,1207]" journal="Bot. J. Linn. Soc." page="338" pageId="8" score="53.420743301353696" volume="159" year="2009">
|
||
Bot.
|
||
<collectionCode id="7EC03BF3FFD87765FE96FB0D2757FB5A" box="[256,265,1188,1207]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="8" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||
.Linn. Soc. 159: 338 (2009)
|
||
</bibCitation>
|
||
</bibCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="C76A1D94FFD87765FD9DFB0D2463FB5A" box="[523,573,1188,1207]" pageId="8">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="60C6E3A6FFD87765FDD2FB0A24E6FB5B" box="[580,696,1187,1206]" name="South Africa" pageId="8">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DA156DD4FFD87765FD28FB0D26FFFB3F" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="8">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Worcester (3319): in convalle
|
||
<location id="1D0EF5EDFFD87765FE5FFB692479FB3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90781220FFD87765FFE7FB2F229CFB76:1D0EF5EDFFD87765FE5FFB692479FB3F" box="[457,551,1215,1235]" country="South Africa" name="Hex River" pageId="8" stateProvince="Western Cape">Hex River</location>
|
||
, prope
|
||
<collectorName id="B524C6E0FFD87765FDFDFB692491FB3E" box="[619,719,1216,1235]" pageId="8">De Doorns</collectorName>
|
||
(–BC),
|
||
<date id="6C6F85F6FFD87765FFE7FB722694FB03" box="[113,202,1243,1262]" pageId="8" value="1907-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7C2B7C1EFFD87765FFE7FB722694FB03" box="[113,202,1243,1262]" pageId="8" value="1907-04">Apr 1907</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FF45FB73271DFB03" box="[211,323,1242,1262]" italics="true" pageId="8">Bolus 13126</emphasis>
|
||
(BOL, holo.; BM, BOL!, K, iso).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50CBF0BDFFD87765FF07FB5E2466F940" pageId="8" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FF07FB5E2466F940" blockId="8.[113,784,1158,1709]" pageId="8">
|
||
Well-branched, multistemmed, twiggy shrublets,
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FD16FB5E24BCFAE6" box="[640,738,1271,1291]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" unit="m" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.6 m</quantity>
|
||
tall.
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FFE7FABB26F1FACB" box="[113,175,1298,1318]" italics="true" pageId="8">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
alternate, those on axillary flowering shoots opposite to subopposite, regularly arranged along branches, suberect to spreading, linear to oblanceolate, 10–18 ×
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FE3CFAE227A8FAB3" box="[426,502,1355,1374]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, simple or rarely with 1 or 2 lateral lobes, mucronulate, secondary basal lobes rudimentary; axillary fascicles developed into flowering shoots.
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FD93FA2B240CFA7B" box="[517,594,1410,1430]" italics="true" pageId="8">Capitula</emphasis>
|
||
solitary, on axillary shoots
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FF22FA37274EFA5F" box="[180,272,1438,1458]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="5.0">5–60 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, sometimes less than
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FD9BFA362418FA5F" box="[525,582,1439,1458]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long near the branch tips.
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FF08FA1026ACFA20" box="[158,242,1465,1485]" italics="true" pageId="8">Involucre</emphasis>
|
||
campanulate to obconical, 5–7 ×
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FDA7FA1324DAFA23" box="[561,644,1466,1486]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bract margins and apices scarious, sessile glands at appendage base inconspicuous, stereome prominent, conspicuously green-flanked; outer bracts ovate,
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FFE4F9A726B6F9CF" box="[114,232,1550,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, margin and apex very narrowly scarious; middle bracts narrowly ovate, 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FEFBF98327EBF9D0" box="[365,437,1578,1597]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, margins and apex very narrowly scarious; inner bracts oblong, 4.5–5.0 mm long, margins narrowly scarious, apex with a prominent scarious appendage, yellowish brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FFE4F9D426F0F97C" box="[114,174,1661,1681]" italics="true" pageId="8">Florets</emphasis>
|
||
ca. 16 to 25; limb 5-lobed from midpoint; lobes recurved.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD1D8B5FFD87765FD58F9D42551F97C" box="[718,783,1661,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pappus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FD58F9D42551F97C" box="[718,783,1661,1681]" italics="true" pageId="8">Pappus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with adaxial scales ±half length of corolla tube.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50CBF0BDFFD87765FFE4F979276AF909" box="[114,308,1744,1764]" pageId="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FFE4F979276AF909" blockId="8.[114,308,1744,1764]" box="[114,308,1744,1764]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FFE4F979276AF909" box="[114,308,1744,1764]" italics="true" pageId="8">Diagnostic characters</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50CBF0BDFFD87765FFE4F8A12322FF27" pageId="8" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FFE4F8A127FEF8F1" blockId="8.[113,783,1800,1988]" box="[114,416,1800,1820]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FFE4F8A127FEF8F1" box="[114,416,1800,1820]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD1D8B5FFD87765FFE4F8A12753F8F1" box="[114,269,1800,1820]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Marasmodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocephala">M. macrocephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD1D8B5FFD87765FEADF8A127FEF8F1" box="[315,416,1800,1820]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Marasmodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oubinae">M. oubinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FF07F88C2322FF27" blockId="8.[113,783,1800,1988]" lastBlockId="8.[828,1498,154,203]" pageId="8">
|
||
Share the relatively large, solitary capitula with obconical to broadly campanulate involucre,
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FEF7F8E827EBF8B9" box="[353,437,1857,1876]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and involucral bracts with a prominent stereome. It can however be distinguished by the capitula which are borne on prominent leafy shoots,
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FDB4F8D024DEF861" box="[546,640,1913,1932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="5.0">5–60 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="80EABFB3FFD87765FD56F8D026DDF845" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[113,139,1927,1941]" captionTargetBox="[201,1405,145,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-0@4.[199,1412,142,1892]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. General morphology of Marasmodes crewiana (A–C), M. defoliata (D & E), M. dummeri (F & G), M. fasciculata (H & I), M. macrocephala (J & K), M. oligocephala (L & M), and M.oppositifolia (O & P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496424/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 2J & K</figureCitation>
|
||
; vs very short lateral shoots, 0.5–4.0 mm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD1D8B5FFD87765FDC5F83A24E6F84A" box="[595,696,1939,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Marasmodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oubinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FDC5F83A24E6F84A" box="[595,696,1939,1959]" italics="true" pageId="8">M. oubinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the short pappus, extending only halfway up the corolla tube (vs pappus equal to or longer than tube). The involucre of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD1D8B5FFD87765FB6AFF3323C7FF43" box="[1276,1433,154,174]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Marasmodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FB6AFF3323C7FF43" box="[1276,1433,154,174]" italics="true" pageId="8">M. macrocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also somewhat larger,
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FC70FF1E2269FF26" box="[998,1079,183,203]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
broad (vs
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FB0DFF1E22B2FF26" box="[1179,1260,183,203]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="8" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD1D8B5FFD87765FA9FFF1F2331FF27" box="[1289,1391,182,202]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Marasmodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oubinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FA9FFF1F2331FF27" box="[1289,1391,182,202]" italics="true" pageId="8">M. oubinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50CBF0BDFFD87765FCAAFF4723EAFC19" pageId="8" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FCAAFF472244FEEF" blockId="8.[828,1498,238,1012]" box="[828,1050,238,258]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FCAAFF472244FEEF" box="[828,1050,238,258]" italics="true" pageId="8">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FCCAFEA223FCFD2D" blockId="8.[828,1498,238,1012]" pageId="8">
|
||
The species occurs on seasonally wet patches between Wolseley and De Doorns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="80EABFB3FFD87765FC3AFE8E2583FED7" box="[940,989,295,314]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[302,327,1972,1986]" captionTargetBox="[329,1226,524,1936]" captionTargetId="figure-238@7.[327,1238,521,1937]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 4. The known geographical distribution of Marasmodes fasciculata (circles), M. macrocephala (stars) and M. reflexa (square)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496428/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C40DEC7FFD87765FC79FE8E223AFED7" author="Ortiz, S." box="[1007,1124,295,314]" pageId="8" pagination="330 - 342" refId="ref16534" refString="Ortiz, S., 2009. Eight new species of Marasmodes (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) from South Africa. Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society 159, 330 - 342." type="journal article" year="2009">Ortiz (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this species from a single collection from the Hex River Valley in De Doorns dating from 1907. As this area is almost completely transformed to vineyards, the species was initially thought to be extinct, until CREW members found a small subpopulation of about 200 plants on a commonage on the edge of Wolseley in the Breede River Valley in 2010, and in 2013, another, even smaller subpopulation of 15 plants was found about
|
||
<quantity id="DF290ED3FFD87765FB20FE6722BBFE0C" box="[1206,1253,462,481]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
away on the opposite side of the town. At both these sites it occurs in seasonally wet transitional areas between shale renosterveld and Breede Alluvium Fynbos, which is also present in the Hex River Valley, and of which less than 40% remains intact (
|
||
<tableCitation id="5553968DFFD87765FC55FD972254FDBC" box="[963,1034,574,593]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="2.[828,870,1246,1260]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 2 Vegetation types where species of Marasmodes have been recorded." pageId="8">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The Breede and Hex River valleys are some of South Africa's foremost wine production regions, and valley-bottom alluvial soils are most intensively cultivated. There is ongoing pressure of agricultural expansion on remaining lowland alluvial fynbos fragments, as well as urban expansion around growing towns in this region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FCCAFD6023EAFC19" blockId="8.[828,1498,238,1012]" pageId="8">
|
||
The Wolseley commonage site burnt in the summer of 2013. When surveyed the following year (
|
||
<date id="6C6F85F6FFD87765FBC7FD4C22EBFD15" box="[1105,1205,741,760]" pageId="8" value="2014-05">May 2014</date>
|
||
) the mature plants of this species had been killed in the fire but the subpopulation had reseeded and most of the plants were already flowering. At that time the subpopulation size was estimated to be less than 200 individuals. The species is therefore assessed as Critically Endangered, C2a(ii), due to the small number of plants remaining in the wild, of which more than 90% occur in one subpopulation that is threatened by spreading alien invasive plants and urban expansion. Surveys of the remaining alluvial fynbos-renosterveld fragments in the Hex River Valley are still needed to confirm whether any extant subpopulations remain in this area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50CBF0BDFFD87765FCAAFBBE229CFB76" pageId="8" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FCAAFBBE2207FBC6" blockId="8.[828,1497,1047,1179]" box="[828,1113,1047,1067]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FCAAFBBE2207FBC6" box="[828,1113,1047,1067]" italics="true" pageId="8">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="186EA336FFD87765FCCAFB9D229CFB76" blockId="8.[828,1497,1047,1179]" pageId="8">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A8B9A96BFFD87765FCCAFB9D239AFB8E" collectingDate="2010-04-27" collectionCode="AC, NBG" collectorName="Koopman" country="South Africa" location="Wolseley" pageId="8" specimenCode="CR6067" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="60C6E3A6FFD87765FCCAFB9D2588FBAA" box="[860,982,1076,1095]" name="South Africa" pageId="8">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DA156DD4FFD87765FC49FB9D2220FBAA" box="[991,1150,1076,1095]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="8">WESTERN CAPE</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FB11FB9D231EFBAA" bold="true" box="[1159,1344,1076,1095]" pageId="8">3319 (Worcester):</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="1D0EF5EDFFD87765FAD1FB9D23FFFBAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90781220FFD87765FFE7FB2F229CFB76:1D0EF5EDFFD87765FAD1FB9D23FFFBAA" box="[1351,1441,1076,1095]" country="South Africa" name="Wolseley" pageId="8" stateProvince="Western Cape">Wolseley</location>
|
||
commonage NW of town (–
|
||
<collectionCode id="7EC03BF3FFD87765FBB5FBF9221CFB8E" box="[1059,1090,1104,1123]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12582" name="Amherst College, Beneski Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" type="University or college">AC</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="6C6F85F6FFD87765FBC4FBF92292FB8E" box="[1106,1228,1104,1123]" pageId="8" value="2010-04-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7C2B7C1EFFD87765FBC4FBF92292FB8E" box="[1106,1228,1104,1123]" pageId="8" value="2010-04-27">27 Apr 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FB43FBE62323FB8E" box="[1237,1405,1103,1123]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
<collectorName id="B524C6E0FFD87765FB43FBE62370FB8E" box="[1237,1326,1103,1123]" pageId="8">Koopman</collectorName>
|
||
<specimenCode id="48770B4DFFD87765FAA2FBE62323FB8E" box="[1332,1405,1103,1123]" collectionCode="CR" country="Costa Rica" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15652" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" pageId="8" type="Herbarium">CR6067</specimenCode>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="7EC03BF3FFD87765FA1FFBF923E3FB8E" box="[1417,1469,1104,1123]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="8" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A8B9A96BFFD87765FA5BFBF9229DFB92" collectingDate="2012-07-09" collectionCode="NBG" collectorName="Magee & Koopman" country="South Africa" pageId="8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="WESTERN CAPE">
|
||
<date id="6C6F85F6FFD87765FA5BFBF925D1FB92" pageId="8" value="2012-07-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7C2B7C1EFFD87765FA5BFBF925D1FB92" pageId="8" value="2012-07-09">9 Jul 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FC0CFBC22227FB92" box="[922,1145,1131,1151]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
<collectorName id="B524C6E0FFD87765FC0CFBC22586FB92" box="[922,984,1131,1151]" pageId="8">Magee</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="B524C6E0FFD87765FC63FBC22211FB92" box="[1013,1103,1131,1151]" pageId="8">Koopman</collectorName>
|
||
500
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="7EC03BF3FFD87765FB11FBC522E2FB92" box="[1159,1212,1132,1151]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="8" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A8B9A96BFFD87765FB5BFBC522E0FB76" collectingDate="2013-05-22" collectionCode="AC, NBG" collectorName="Koopman" country="South Africa" location="Wolseley" pageId="8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="WESTERN CAPE">
|
||
near
|
||
<location id="1D0EF5EDFFD87765FA96FBC52304FB92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90781220FFD87765FFE7FB2F229CFB76:1D0EF5EDFFD87765FA96FBC52304FB92" box="[1280,1370,1132,1151]" country="South Africa" name="Wolseley" pageId="8" stateProvince="WESTERN CAPE">Wolseley</location>
|
||
cemetery (–
|
||
<collectionCode id="7EC03BF3FFD87765FCAAFB212505FB76" box="[828,859,1160,1179]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12582" name="Amherst College, Beneski Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" type="University or college">AC</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="6C6F85F6FFD87765FCFFFB2125B9FB76" box="[873,999,1160,1179]" pageId="8" value="2013-05-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7C2B7C1EFFD87765FCFFFB2125B9FB76" box="[873,999,1160,1179]" pageId="8" value="2013-05-22">22 May 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="2AA57F24FFD87765FC79FB2E2224FB76" box="[1007,1146,1159,1179]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
<collectorName id="B524C6E0FFD87765FC79FB2E2218FB76" box="[1007,1094,1159,1179]" pageId="8">Koopman</collectorName>
|
||
1032
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="7EC03BF3FFD87765FB10FB2122E6FB76" box="[1158,1208,1160,1179]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="8" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |