266 lines
31 KiB
XML
266 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="331AE48448309C1451203D899D92CBE8">Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9B737D4A5907C671E0E405B7AFC032BF">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AAFF7D55FD1C7D1AA039B7D55B52526E">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CC3704C4C8DE381E0D3BEBAE5AD97047">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="58BA71BA75B7A0BBF966AC86DB6E6F93">Karsholt, Ole</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BC8148AD4589BBB86DE75C0856580784">Torres, Nixon Cumbicus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1A1209AD4F2F48B920F05229E3A97E34">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="594E0AC140B5EB5A0D3A4850D6E1B36F">
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<mods:date id="9ACBF2870888FFF6A80B7AD9A45DAD23">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EFAE72AD3406D6A3FC09BA1885E6689E">4257</mods:number>
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<treatment id="90078570FFBE2A3FFF075F8D89B0F815" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6492342" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128697063" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6492342" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90078570FFBE2A3FFF075F8D89B0F815" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/90078570FFBE2A3FFF075F8D89B0F815" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF075F8D8BACFC51" blockId="27.[151,733,967,1027]" box="[151,733,967,994]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="4359830AFFBE2A3FFF075F8D8BACFC51" bold="true" box="[151,733,967,994]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF075F8D8BACFC51" bold="true" box="[151,733,967,994]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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13.
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<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFF535F828BACFC51" ID-CoL="52M97" authority="Diskus & Stonis, 2016" authorityName="Diskus & Stonis" authorityYear="2016" box="[195,733,967,994]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polylepiella">
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<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF535F8288B4FC52" bold="true" box="[195,453,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stigmella polylepiella</emphasis>
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Diškus & Stonis, 2016
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="50B467EDFFBE2A3FFF075FAF8B3DFBB0" box="[151,588,1002,1027]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF075FAF8B3DFBB0" blockId="27.[151,733,967,1027]" box="[151,588,1002,1027]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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(
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<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFF0F5FAF8996FBB0" box="[159,231,1002,1027]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,195,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[153,1433,195,1890]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 1, high-Andean species recorded at altitudes above 3700 m (after Stonis et al. 2016 d); 2, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 3 – 8, some collecting areas in the Peruvian Andes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556875/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFF635FAE885DFBB0" box="[243,300,1003,1027]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 11" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,209,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[153,1433,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 11. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 9, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 10, 11, some collecting areas in Peru. * — Stigmella epicosma Meyrick is also known from Arica Province, northern Chile (Vargas 2011); ** – S. inca sp. nov. is also discovered in southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556876/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">9, 11</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFEA85FAE88F1FBB0" box="[312,384,1002,1027]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 18. Distribution of some central Andean Nepticulidae. 12 – 14, 17, 18, habitats, Peru; 15, 16, distribution maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556877/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">13, 15</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFE1C5FAE88DAFBB0" box="[396,427,1003,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[161,1404,218,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[157,1429,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 32. Adults of the central Andean Nepticulidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556880/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFE265FAE88A5FBB0" box="[438,468,1003,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[158,1418,202,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[158,1428,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 37. Diagnostics of the central Andean Stigmella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556885/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">37</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFE705FAE8B35FBB0" box="[480,580,1003,1027]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 125" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[155,1426,197,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[151,1436,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 125. Leaf-mines of Nepticulidae species. 116 – 120, Acalyptris murex Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., host-plant Collaea speciosa (Loisel.) DC.; 119, 120, same, leaf-mines; 121 – 124, leaf-mines and cocoon of S. polylepiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016 on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e); 125, leaf-mine of unknown Stigmella taxon on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556907/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">121–124</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50B467EDFFBE2A3FFF0758778AB0FBFB" box="[151,961,1074,1096]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF0758778AB0FBFB" blockId="27.[151,961,1074,1096]" box="[151,961,1074,1096]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="38BE1348FFBE2A3FFF0758778AB0FBFB" box="[151,961,1074,1096]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFF0758778A59FBFB" ID-CoL="52M97" authority="Diskus & Stonis, in Stonis et al. 2016e: 86" authorityName="Diskus & Stonis, in Stonis et al." authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,808,1074,1096]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polylepiella">
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||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF0758778805FBFB" box="[151,372,1074,1096]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stigmella polylepiella</emphasis>
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Diškus & Stonis, in
|
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<treatmentCitation id="990F1277FFBE2A3FFDD558778A59FBFB" author="Stonis" box="[581,808,1074,1096]" page="86" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2016">
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<bibRefCitation id="7C3F4997FFBE2A3FFDD558778A77FBFB" author="Stonis" box="[581,774,1074,1096]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A. & Karsholt, O. (2016 e) Do leaf-mining Nepticulidae occur in the natural but so threatened Andean Polylepis forests? Biologija, 62 (2), 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="e">
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Stonis
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||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFD1B58768BC6FBFB" box="[651,695,1074,1096]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
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. 2016e
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 86
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–90, figs 7–26.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50B467EDFFBE2A3FFF0758308D36FB65" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF0758308D36FB65" blockId="27.[151,1437,1141,1958]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<materialsCitation id="A8C63E3BFFBE2A3FFF0758308D36FB65" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688726" collectingDate="2008-10-21" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="A. Diskus" country="Peru" elevation="2850" latitude="-13.258611" location="Ollantaytambo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.265" municipality="Material" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Cuzco" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF07583088F4FB3D" bold="true" box="[151,389,1141,1166]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<collectingMunicipality id="F875AE1CFFBE2A3FFF075830898EFB3D" box="[151,255,1141,1166]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material</collectingMunicipality>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="0EA8FFEFFFBE2A3FFE01583388CEFB3E" box="[401,447,1142,1166]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
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(
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<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FFBE2A3FFE4358308B46FB3D" box="[467,567,1141,1166]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and
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<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FFBE2A3FFDE658338BAAFB3D" box="[630,731,1142,1166]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
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),
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<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FFBE2A3FFD6358338A4FFB3E" box="[755,830,1142,1165]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">PERU</collectingCountry>
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,
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<quantity id="DF569983FFBE2A3FFCDE58308AE8FB3D" box="[846,921,1141,1166]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
|
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NW of
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<collectingRegion id="DA6AFA84FFBE2A3FFB9258338D3DFB3D" box="[1026,1100,1142,1166]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="1D7162BDFFBE2A3FFBCD58308C77FB3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90078570FFBE2A3FFF075F8D89B0F815:1D7162BDFFBE2A3FFBCD58308C77FB3D" box="[1117,1286,1141,1166]" country="Peru" latitude="-13.258611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.265" municipality="Material" name="Ollantaytambo" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Cuzco">Ollantaytambo</location>
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7D9A52A1FFBE2A3FFA8658308CE6FB3D" box="[1302,1431,1141,1166]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-13.258611">13°15'31"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7D9A52A1FFBE2A3FFF0758DC8850FB01" box="[151,289,1177,1202]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-72.265">72°15'54"W</geoCoordinate>
|
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, elevation about
|
||
<quantity id="DF569983FFBE2A3FFE7158DC8B48FB02" box="[481,569,1177,1202]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2850.0">
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<elevation id="9383D355FFBE2A3FFE7158DC8B48FB02" box="[481,569,1177,1202]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2850.0">2850 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, mining larvae
|
||
<collectedFrom id="ABB2779BFFBE2A3FFD7858DF8D0DFB02" box="[744,1148,1177,1202]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFC9C58DC8D0DFB02" authority="Ruiz & Pav." authorityName="Ruiz & Pav." box="[780,1148,1177,1202]" class="Diplopoda" family="Platyrhacidae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFC9C58DC8A98FB02" box="[780,1001,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
Ruiz & Pav.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="6C1012A6FFBE2A3FFB1758DF8D88FB01" box="[1159,1273,1178,1202]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2008-10-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7C54EB4EFFBE2A3FFB1758DF8D88FB01" box="[1159,1273,1178,1202]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2008-10-21">21.x.2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
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||
, field card no. 4948,
|
||
<collectorName id="B55B51B0FFBE2A3FFF4D58FB8821FB65" box="[221,336,1213,1238]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. Diškus</collectorName>
|
||
, genitalia slide nos AD739 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FFBE2A3FFD1D58F88B84FB65" box="[653,757,1213,1238]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), AD741 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FFBE2A3FFCF958FB8ABCFB65" box="[873,973,1214,1238]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="7EBFACA3FFBE2A3FFC7458FB8D4AFB65" box="[996,1083,1214,1238]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFFBE2A3FFF5758A48862FAD5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF5758A48862FAD5" blockId="27.[151,1437,1141,1958]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF5758A48830FB49" bold="true" box="[199,321,1249,1274]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The combination of the densely speckled forewing with some golden gloss and purple iridescence, closely juxtaposed processes of gnathos, three-lobed uncus, and unique set of cornuti in the phallus distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFA175943886DFAF1" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polylepiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFA175943886DFAF1" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. polylepiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFE53596C8B5DFAF1" box="[451,556,1321,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFE53596C8B5DFAF1" box="[451,556,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stigmella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species; the host-plant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFCA3596C8DE3FAF1" box="[819,1170,1321,1346]" class="Diplopoda" family="Platyrhacidae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFCA3596C8D7EFAF2" box="[819,1039,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Rosaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also makes this species distinctive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFFBE2A3FFF5759348C42F8ED" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF5759348854FA1E" blockId="27.[151,1437,1141,1958]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF5759348875FA39" bold="true" box="[199,260,1393,1418]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFE855934881DFA39" box="[277,364,1393,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[161,1404,218,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[157,1429,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 32. Adults of the central Andean Nepticulidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556880/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
). Described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C3F4997FFBE2A3FFD8C59348B86FA39" author="Stonis" box="[540,759,1393,1418]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A. & Karsholt, O. (2016 e) Do leaf-mining Nepticulidae occur in the natural but so threatened Andean Polylepis forests? Biologija, 62 (2), 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="e">
|
||
Stonis
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFDFB59378BEFFA39" box="[619,670,1393,1418]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016e
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 86, figs 14–17. Forewing length about
|
||
<quantity id="DF569983FFBE2A3FFB5759348C52FA3A" box="[1223,1315,1393,1418]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="DF569983FFBE2A3FFF0759D08850FA1E" box="[151,289,1429,1454]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="5.7">5.7–5.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF5759FC88D3FA61" blockId="27.[151,1437,1141,1958]" box="[199,418,1465,1490]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF5759FC8854FA61" bold="true" box="[199,293,1465,1490]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF5759988A03FA45" blockId="27.[151,1437,1141,1958]" box="[199,882,1501,1526]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF5759988800FA45" bold="true" box="[199,369,1501,1526]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C3F4997FFBE2A3FFD8459988B99FA45" author="Stonis" box="[532,744,1501,1526]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A. & Karsholt, O. (2016 e) Do leaf-mining Nepticulidae occur in the natural but so threatened Andean Polylepis forests? Biologija, 62 (2), 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="e">
|
||
Stonis
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFDF1599B8BE3FA45" box="[609,658,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016e
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 22–26.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF575A448C42F8ED" blockId="27.[151,1437,1141,1958]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF575A448835F9A9" bold="true" box="[199,324,1537,1562]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Bionomics</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFEC55A448887F9A9" box="[341,502,1537,1562]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 125" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[155,1426,197,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[151,1436,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 125. Leaf-mines of Nepticulidae species. 116 – 120, Acalyptris murex Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., host-plant Collaea speciosa (Loisel.) DC.; 119, 120, same, leaf-mines; 121 – 124, leaf-mines and cocoon of S. polylepiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016 on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e); 125, leaf-mine of unknown Stigmella taxon on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556907/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 121–124</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larvae mine in leaves in October. Host-plant:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFBB65A448866F98D" authority="Ruiz & Pav." authorityName="Ruiz & Pav." class="Diplopoda" family="Platyrhacidae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFBB65A448C74F9AA" box="[1062,1285,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
Ruiz & Pav. (Rosaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Egg beige cream, mat (lustreless), oval-shaped, flattened dorso-ventrally, attached (not glued) on the leaf under side. Leaf-mine starts as a narrow gallery filled with black frass; later it develops abruptly to a large blotch with frass irregularly scattered but most of it remains accumulated in basal part of the blotch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFABB5A288CFEF935" box="[1323,1423,1645,1670]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 125" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[155,1426,197,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[151,1436,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 125. Leaf-mines of Nepticulidae species. 116 – 120, Acalyptris murex Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., host-plant Collaea speciosa (Loisel.) DC.; 119, 120, same, leaf-mines; 121 – 124, leaf-mines and cocoon of S. polylepiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016 on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e); 125, leaf-mine of unknown Stigmella taxon on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556907/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larva spins its cocoon inside the mine; the mine swells and becomes blisterlike at this stage (
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFB5B5AD48C41F919" box="[1227,1328,1681,1706]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 125" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[155,1426,197,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[151,1436,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 125. Leaf-mines of Nepticulidae species. 116 – 120, Acalyptris murex Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., host-plant Collaea speciosa (Loisel.) DC.; 119, 120, same, leaf-mines; 121 – 124, leaf-mines and cocoon of S. polylepiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016 on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e); 125, leaf-mine of unknown Stigmella taxon on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556907/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cocoon purplish brown to purplish dark brown; shape of the cocoon unusual, narrow; length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="DF569983FFBE2A3FFB1D5AF38D97F97E" box="[1165,1254,1718,1742]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, maximal width
|
||
<quantity id="DF569983FFBE2A3FFF075A9F885CF942" box="[151,301,1754,1778]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.149999999999999" metricValueMax="8.299999999999999" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="0.815" valueMax="0.83" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.83 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFEAE5A9C88D3F941" box="[318,418,1753,1778]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 125" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[155,1426,197,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[151,1436,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 125. Leaf-mines of Nepticulidae species. 116 – 120, Acalyptris murex Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., host-plant Collaea speciosa (Loisel.) DC.; 119, 120, same, leaf-mines; 121 – 124, leaf-mines and cocoon of S. polylepiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016 on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e); 125, leaf-mine of unknown Stigmella taxon on Polylepis racemosa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon (after Stonis et al. 2016 e)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556907/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 123</figureCitation>
|
||
). Exit slit on upper side of the leaf. Using our ‘Formula of Evaluation of Abundance and Occurrence of Leaf-miners’ (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C3F4997FFBE2A3FFD9E5AB88B84F8A5" author="Diskus" box="[526,757,1789,1814]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Diskus, A. & Stonis, J. R. (2012) Leaf-mining insects of Lithuania. The Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera): taxonomy, chorological composition and trophic relationships. Monograph. Lutute Publishers, Kaunas, 220 pp. [in Lithuanian]" type="book" year="2012">Diškus, Stonis 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 52–54),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FFBE2A3FFCCE5AB88D25F8A5" box="[862,1108,1789,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polylepiella">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFCCE5AB88D25F8A5" box="[862,1108,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stigmella polylepiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is extremely abundant in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FFBE2A3FFF075B6789B6F889" box="[151,199,1826,1850]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: a mass mining of the new species were observed (sometimes with a few leaf-mines on a single leaf); more than 300 leaf-mines with larvae were collected at a single site in Ollantaytambo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FFBE2A3FFBF25B038DE4F8EE" box="[1122,1173,1862,1885]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFB345B008C57F8ED" box="[1188,1318,1861,1886]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 18. Distribution of some central Andean Nepticulidae. 12 – 14, 17, 18, habitats, Peru; 15, 16, distribution maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556877/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 13, 15</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFFBE2A3FFF575B2C89B0F815" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="18113466FFBE2A3FFF575B2C89B0F815" blockId="27.[151,1437,1141,1958]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FFBE2A3FFF575B2C8828F831" bold="true" box="[199,345,1897,1922]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFEF95B2C88C5F831" box="[361,436,1897,1922]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 11" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,209,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[153,1433,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 11. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 9, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 10, 11, some collecting areas in Peru. * — Stigmella epicosma Meyrick is also known from Arica Province, northern Chile (Vargas 2011); ** – S. inca sp. nov. is also discovered in southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556876/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 9</figureCitation>
|
||
,). This species occurs in the Andes (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FFBE2A3FFCC55B2F8AFFF831" box="[853,910,1898,1922]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
: NW of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DA6AFA84FFBE2A3FFC605B2F8D48F831" box="[1008,1081,1898,1922]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
||
) at altitude about
|
||
<quantity id="DF569983FFBE2A3FFA985B2C8C2FF832" box="[1288,1374,1897,1922]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2850.0">2850 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="809528E3FFBE2A3FFAFF5B2C89C5F815" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 11" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,209,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[153,1433,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 11. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 9, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 10, 11, some collecting areas in Peru. * — Stigmella epicosma Meyrick is also known from Arica Province, northern Chile (Vargas 2011); ** – S. inca sp. nov. is also discovered in southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556876/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |