plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/E3/D5/13/E3D513FBF2C457D106CC5C6B23367225.xml
maintenance 53e0bc1e79 added E3
2024-06-21 12:55:18 +02:00

219 lines
24 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.346.6270" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9a3c5fac-22b4-4a96-9bc5-9b59ec7cc452" ID-PMC="PMC3821066" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-346-59" ID-PubMed="24223488" ID-ZBK="72DE72574A3240798758CC16E8FC948D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-346-59" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 346" ModsDocTitle="Molecular phylogenetic evidence supports a new family of octocorals and a new genus of Alcyoniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea)" checkinTime="1451246748280" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="McFadden, Catherine S. &amp; Ofwegen, Leen P. van" docDate="2013" docId="E3D513FBF2C457D106CC5C6B23367225" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 346: 59-83" docOrigin="ZooKeys 346" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.346.6270" docTitle="Sphaerasclera McFadden &amp; Ofwegen, 2013, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="3DF0B00F-CB14-4B4C-A28A-0AF019EA35E4" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFCCFFCDFFB9FFBBFFEA495AFFA6C412" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogenetic evidence supports a new family of octocorals and a new genus of Alcyoniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea)" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1668156741847" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Molecular phylogenetic evidence supports a new family of octocorals and a new genus of Alcyoniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>McFadden, Catherine S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ofwegen, Leen P. van</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>346</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>59</mods:start>
<mods:end>83</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.346.6270</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.346.6270</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-346-59</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">72DE72574A3240798758CC16E8FC948D</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">72DE72574A3240798758CC16E8FC948D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152049077" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3DF0B00F-CB14-4B4C-A28A-0AF019EA35E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3D513FBF2C457D106CC5C6B23367225" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3DF0B00F-CB14-4B4C-A28A-0AF019EA35E4" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphaerasclera</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="64">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 2-3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Eleutherobia flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
Williams, 2003, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Soft corals with a capitate growth form, with a distinct, spherical polyparium raised on a sterile stalk. Polyps monomorphic. Anthocodial sclerites absent. Sclerites of colony surface and interior are large, tuberculate spheroids and smaller radiates. Sclerites permanently colored. Azooxanthellate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">From the Latin/Greek sphaera- meaning a sphere or ball and Greek sclero-, hard, denoting the large, spheroidal sclerites that characterize this genus. Gender: fem.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<bibRefCitation author="Williams, GC" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="12" pageNumber="71" pagination="419 - 436" title="Capitate taxa of the soft coral genus Eleutherobia (Octocorallia: Alcyoniidae) from Palau and South Africa; a new species and a new combination." volume="345" year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Williams’s">Williams's</normalizedToken>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
assignment of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Eleutherobia flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Eleutherobia</taxonomicName>
necessitated emending the diagnosis of that genus to include capitate growth forms.
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Eleutherobia flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
does share other character states-such as monomorphic polyps that lack sclerites and tuberculate spheroids and radiates in the surface of the polyparium and stalk (Figs 2-3)-with some species of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Eleutherobia</taxonomicName>
. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Eleutherobia flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
is, however, not closely related to morphologically similar members of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Eleutherobia</taxonomicName>
such as
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Eleutherobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleutherobia rotifera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rotifera">Eleutherobia rotifera</taxonomicName>
(Thomson, 1910) but instead falls into the
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corallium" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Corallium</taxonomicName>
clade of octocorals (Fig. 1). Based on its distinctive colony growth form and unique phylogenetic position, we hereby designate a new genus,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphaerasclera</taxonomicName>
, and new combination,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Sphaerasclera flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
(Williams, 2003) for this species.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Figure 2. Sclerites of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Sphaerasclera flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
comb. n. MNHN-IK-2012-12004.
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
Surface layer of polyparium A Small radiates (0.05 mm scale bar) B Larger radiates and two small spheroids C Large tuberculate spheroids
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
Interior of polyparium D Small radiates (0.05 mm scale bar) E Larger radiate and three small spheroids F Large tuberculate spheroids.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Figure 3. Sclerites of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Sphaerasclera flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
comb. n. ZMUC-ANT-000256. Sclerites of polyparium. A. Small radiates (left of 0.05 mm scale bar) B Larger radiates C Large tuberculate spheroids of colony surface and interior.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Unlike all other members of the
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corallium" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Corallium</taxonomicName>
clade,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphaerasclera</taxonomicName>
gen. n. appears to have monomorphic rather than dimorphic polyps. As discussed by
<bibRefCitation author="Williams, GC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="71" pagination="159 - 169" title="A new species of the soft coral genus Eleutherobia Puetter, 1900 (Coelenterata: Alcyoniidae) from the Tonga Islands." volume="52" year="2000 b">Williams (2000b)</bibRefCitation>
, however, siphonozooids may be difficult to detect in contracted, preserved material. The large, densely packed, spherical sclerites in the coenenchyme of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Sphaerasclera flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
comb. n. obscure the finer details of the colony surface, and also make this species very difficult to section for histological study of the polyps. For now we concur with
<bibRefCitation author="Williams, GC" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="12" pageNumber="71" pagination="419 - 436" title="Capitate taxa of the soft coral genus Eleutherobia (Octocorallia: Alcyoniidae) from Palau and South Africa; a new species and a new combination." volume="345" year="2003">Williams (2003)</bibRefCitation>
that the species is monomorphic, but entertain the possibility that future observation of living specimens might reveal the presence of siphonozooids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Although
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="65" start="start">Sphaerasclera</pageBreakToken>
</taxonomicName>
gen. n. differs by having monomorphic polyps, it does share other morphological characters with
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Paraminabea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraminabea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraminabea</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
, the two genera with which it is most closely allied phylogenetically (Fig. 1).
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
likewise includes species with capitate growth forms, but in that genus the autozooids have sclerites, and the sclerites in the surface and interior of the colony include rods and needles in addition to radiates (
<bibRefCitation author="Bayer, FM" journalOrPublisher="Precious Corals &amp; Octocoral Research" pageId="11" pageNumber="70" pagination="3 - 13" title="Taxonomic status of the octocoral genus Bathyalcyon (Alcyoniidae: Anthomastinae), with descriptions of a new subspecies from the Gulf of Mexico and a new species of Anthomastus from Antarctic waters." volume="1" year="1993">Bayer 1993</bibRefCitation>
). Like
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphaerasclera</taxonomicName>
gen. n.,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Paraminabea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraminabea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraminabea</taxonomicName>
lacks sclerites in the polyps and its coenenchymal sclerites are predominantly radiates and spheroids (
<bibRefCitation author="Williams, GC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="71" pagination="337 - 364" title="Revisionary systematics of the western Pacific soft coral genus Minabea (Octocorallia: Alcyoniidae), with descriptions of a related new genus and species from the Indo-Pacific." volume="51" year="1999">Williams and Alderslade 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The colony growth form of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Paraminabea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraminabea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraminabea</taxonomicName>
, however, is digitiform, hemispherical or lobate rather than capitate. Moreover,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Paraminabea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraminabea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraminabea</taxonomicName>
has a unique molecular synapomorphy, a mitochondrial gene rearrangement that distinguishes it from all other genera of octocorals (
<bibRefCitation author="Brockman, SA" journalOrPublisher="Genome Biology and Evolution" pageId="11" pageNumber="70" pagination="882 - 894" title="The mitochondrial genome of Paraminabea aldersladei (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) supports intramolecular recombination as the primary mechanism of gene rearrangement in octocoral mitochondrial genomes." url="10.1093/gbe/evs074" volume="4" year="2012">Brockman and McFadden 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Screening of mitochondrial gene junctions suggests that
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Sphaerasclera flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
comb. n. and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
both retain the ancestral octocoral mt gene order, and do not share the derived state found in
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Paraminabea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraminabea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraminabea</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Brockman, SA" journalOrPublisher="Genome Biology and Evolution" pageId="11" pageNumber="70" pagination="882 - 894" title="The mitochondrial genome of Paraminabea aldersladei (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) supports intramolecular recombination as the primary mechanism of gene rearrangement in octocoral mitochondrial genomes." url="10.1093/gbe/evs074" volume="4" year="2012">Brockman and McFadden 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Paraminabea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraminabea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraminabea</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
are both classified in family
<taxonomicName family="Alcyoniidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Alcyoniidae</taxonomicName>
, and for convenience we have also assigned
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphaerasclera</taxonomicName>
gen. n. to that family. All other genera of
<taxonomicName family="Alcyoniidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Alcyoniidae</taxonomicName>
, however, belong to the
<taxonomicName genus="Holaxonia" lsidName="Holaxonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">Holaxonia</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName genus="Alcyoniina" lsidName="Alcyoniina" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">Alcyoniina</taxonomicName>
clade of
<taxonomicName genus="Octocorallia" lsidName="Octocorallia" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">Octocorallia</taxonomicName>
, far removed phylogenetically from the
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corallium" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Corallium</taxonomicName>
clade (Fig. 1). In addition to
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Paraminabea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraminabea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraminabea</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Sphaerasclera</taxonomicName>
gen. n., the
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corallium" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Corallium</taxonomicName>
clade also includes all members of
<taxonomicName family="Coralliidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Coralliidae</taxonomicName>
Lamouroux, 1812 and
<taxonomicName family="Paragorgiidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Paragorgiidae</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
, 1916, two families of gorgonians that have historically been assigned to the sub-ordinal group
<taxonomicName genus="Scleraxonia" lsidName="Scleraxonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">Scleraxonia</taxonomicName>
. Although it is clear from the phylogenetic evidence that the soft coral taxa that fall within this clade should be removed from
<taxonomicName family="Alcyoniidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="family">Alcyoniidae</taxonomicName>
, we defer their reassignment to another family pending an in-depth analysis of the morphological character states shared among the seemingly heterogeneous genera and families that are united within
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Anthomastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthomastus" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthomastus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corallium" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Corallium</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
Our records extend the known geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sphaerasclera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerasclera flammicerebra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flammicerebra">Sphaerasclera flammicerebra</taxonomicName>
comb. n. from Palau (
<bibRefCitation author="Williams, GC" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="12" pageNumber="71" pagination="419 - 436" title="Capitate taxa of the soft coral genus Eleutherobia (Octocorallia: Alcyoniidae) from Palau and South Africa; a new species and a new combination." volume="345" year="2003">Williams 2003</bibRefCitation>
) to New Caledonia and Mauritius. The colony growth forms and sclerites of specimens from these widespread localities closely match that of the type material from Palau (Figs 2-3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink