315 lines
20 KiB
XML
315 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.211.3060" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4fba3734-6160-42d6-9950-0804890587f6" ID-PMC="PMC3426841" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-211-71" ID-PubMed="22930649" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-211-71" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 211" ModsDocTitle="A review of the genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae) in China, with notes on allied genera and description of four new species from Yunnan" checkinTime="1451248834634" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zonstein, Sergei & Marusik, Yuri M." docDate="2012" docId="E2C73979C4C9687FFA5200F3E2447347" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 211: 71-99" docOrigin="ZooKeys 211" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.211.3060" docTitle="Raveniola montana Zonstein & Marusik, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FFCE3C11FF9DFFEE5A2FFFF0785D6C10" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae) in China, with notes on allied genera and description of four new species from Yunnan" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1668154286766" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae) in China, with notes on allied genera and description of four new species from Yunnan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zonstein, Sergei</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>211</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>71</mods:start>
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<mods:end>99</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.211.3060</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.211.3060</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-211-71</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036463" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3EC3FB22-1D28-43BC-9A80-99C452367601" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2C73979C4C9687FFA5200F3E2447347" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3EC3FB22-1D28-43BC-9A80-99C452367601" class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola montana" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana">Raveniola montana</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="75">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 5910171826324048
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
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Holotype ♂ and paratype ♀ - CHINA: Yunnan Province, Sueshan Mt. Ridge, Shika Mts. 10-15 km W Zhongdian (approximately
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.8">27°48'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="99.583336">99°35'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 3800-4300 m, 25.05-6.06.2005, coll. I. Shokhin & S. Murzin (IZAS).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">The specific epithet montana is derived from the Latin montanus (pertaining to the mountains), referring to the mountain habitat of this species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
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The species differs from all other Chinese species of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Raveniola</taxonomicName>
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by having a short embolus provided with deep ridges in males (Fig. 40); the specific configuration of female spermathecae is shown in Fig. 48.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
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Male (holotype). Body length 15.50. Colour in alcohol: carapace, chelicerae, palps and first pair of legs dorsally intense reddish brown; eye tubercle with darker spots surrounding AMEs and lateral eyes; sternum, labium, maxillae and legs
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<normalizedToken originalValue="II–IV">II-IV</normalizedToken>
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light reddish brown; dorsal abdomen uniformly light greyish brown, ventral abdominal surface and spinnerets pale greyish brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
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General appearance as in Fig. 5. Carapace (Fig. 9) 6.35 long, 5.51 wide; covered with semi-adpressed dark hairs. Eye diameters (AME, ALE, PLE, PME): 0.19(0.26), 0.37, 0.19, 0.11. Interdistances:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
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0.13(0.07),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–AME">ALE-AME</normalizedToken>
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0.09(0.06),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
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0.04,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PLE–PME">PLE-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.03,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.48. Cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 5 mesobasal denticles each. Labium (Fig. 17) 0.59 long, 1.08 wide. Maxillae with 15 cuspules each. Sternum 2.66 long, 2.65 wide. Palp: 8.66 (3.39, 1.59, 2.51, -, 1.17). Leg I: 20.23 (5.18, 3.06, 4.50, 4.82, 2.67). Leg II: 18.52 (4.97, 2.61, 4.13, 4.29, 2.52). Leg III: 18.15 (4.63, 2.48, 3.66, 4.65, 2.73). Leg IV: 23.41 (5.70, 2.66, 5.04, 6.88, 3.13). Leg I: tibia slightly incrassate, metatarsus slightly curved retroventrally (Fig. 26).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
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Spination. Palp: femur d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–1–">-1-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, pd1, rd1; patella p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1; tibia d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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2, p2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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1, r0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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3; cymbium d5. Leg I: femur d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–1–">-1-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, pd1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; rd 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; patel
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="76" start="start">la</pageBreakToken>
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p1-1; tibia p2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, pv1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–0–">-1-0-</normalizedToken>
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0, rv1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–M–M">-1-M-M</normalizedToken>
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; metatarsus v0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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2. Leg II:hg femur d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–1–">-1-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; pd1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; patella p1-1; tibia p2(1)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1(0)–">-1(0)-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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3; metatarsus p1(0)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0; v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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3. Leg III: femur d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–1–">-1-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, pd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; patella p1-1, r1; tibia d1-1, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2(3); metatarsus d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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2, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2(3)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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3. Leg IV: femur d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–0–">-1-0-</normalizedToken>
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0, pd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; patella p1, r1; tibia d1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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2, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2(3); metatarsus pd1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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2, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–2–1(0)–">-1-2-1(0)-</normalizedToken>
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3. Tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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aspinose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="77" start="start">Scopula</pageBreakToken>
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: distally on metatarsus I, entire on tarsus I, divided by setae on tarsus II; elsewhere absent. Paired claws: inner row with 5-6, outer row with 6-7 teeth. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9-11 per row on tibiae, 12-17 on metatarsi, 11-14 on tarsi, 8 on cymbium.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Palpal tibia shortened, cymbium with few long spines (Fig. 32). Bulb provided with well-developed ridges; embolus short slightly twisted (Fig. 40).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Spinnerets. PMS: length 0.38; diameter 0.12. PLS: maximum diameter 0.35; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.61, 0.63, 0.71; total length 1.95; apical segment digitiform.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Female (paratype): Body length 12.90. Colour in alcohol as in male, but slightly paler.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
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Carapace (Fig. 10) 4.66 long, 3.75 wide. Eye diameters (AME, ALE, PLE, PME): 0.16(0.20), 0.22/0.23, 0.14, 0.10. Interdistances:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
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0.10(0.06),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–AME">ALE-AME</normalizedToken>
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0.07(0.05),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
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0.05,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PLE–PME">PLE-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.03,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
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0.43. Cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 5 mesobasal denticles. Labium (Fig. 18) 0.50 long, 1.03 wide. Maxillae with 15 cuspules each. Sternum 2.16 long, 1.99 wide. Palp: 7.45 (2.64, 1.44, 1.74, -, 1.63). I: 12.00 (3.55, 1.70, 2.72, 2.33, 1.70). II: 10.86 (3.10, 1.63, 2.29, 2.17, 1.67). III: 10.62 (2.75, 1.49, 2.05, 2.60, 1.73). IV: 14.09 (3.70, 1.57, 3.01, 3.76, 2.05).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
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Spination. All femora with a few stiff bristles (undeveloped spines) located medially and distally; palpal patella, patella I and tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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aspinose. Palp: femur pd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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1; tibia p2-2, v1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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3; tarsus v2. Leg I: femur pd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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1; tibia v1(2)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1(2)–">-1(2)-</normalizedToken>
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2; metatarsus v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2. Leg II: femur pd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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1; patella p1; tibia p1-1, v1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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2; metatarsus p0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2. Leg III: femur pd 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rd 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; patella p1, r1; tibia d0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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3; metatarsus d0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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3. Leg IV: femur pd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rd0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
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1; patella r1; tibia d0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1(0)–">-1(0)-</normalizedToken>
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1, r0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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3; metatarsus d0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, p1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–1–">-1-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, r1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, v2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–2–">-1-2-</normalizedToken>
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3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Scopula: distal on metatarsus I, narrowly divided by setae on palpal tarsus and tarsus I, widely divided and vestigial on tarsus II, elsewhere absent. Paired claws: promargin and retromargin on tarsi I and II with 6-7 teeth, on tarsi III and IV with 4-6 teeth each, respectively; palpal claw with 4 teeth on promargin. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 8-10 per row on tibiae, 14-16 on metatarsi, 11-12 on tarsi, 8 on palpal tarsus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Spermathecae as in Fig. 48.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Spinnerets. PMS: length 0.32; diameter 0.13. PLS: maximum diameter 0.37; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.59, 0.37, 0.50; total length 1.46; apical segment digitiform.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="77" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">CHINA: Yunnan Province (Fig. 1).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
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Figures 2-5. Male nemesiids, dorsal view. 2
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Sinopesa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopesa maculata" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">Sinopesa maculata</taxonomicName>
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, Thailand 3
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Entypesa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entypesa schoetedeni" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schoetedeni">Entypesa schoetedeni</taxonomicName>
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, South Africa 4
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola virgata" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgata">Raveniola virgata</taxonomicName>
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, Kyrgyzstan 5
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola montana" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana">Raveniola montana</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., South China (scale bar = 5 mm).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
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Figures 6-9.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Sinopesa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopesa" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sinopesa</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Raveniola</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype (7, 9) and conspecific (6, 8) males: carapace, dorsal view. 6
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Sinopesa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopesa maculata" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">Sinopesa maculata</taxonomicName>
|
||
7
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola guangxi" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">Raveniola guangxi</taxonomicName>
|
||
8
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola hebeinica" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebeinica">Raveniola hebeinica</taxonomicName>
|
||
9
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola montana" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana">Raveniola montana</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (scale bar = 1 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
|
||
Figures 10-13.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Raveniola</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype (13) and paratype (10-12) males (11-13) and female (10) carapace, dorsal view 10
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola montana" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montana">Raveniola montana</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 11
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola shangrila" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shangrila">Raveniola shangrila</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 12
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola songi" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songi">Raveniola songi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 13
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemesiidae" genus="Raveniola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raveniola yunnanensis" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">Raveniola yunnanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (scale bar = 1 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |