treatments-xml/data/BC/2B/87/BC2B87B11E4DFFC9FF1BFF22F2FDDBED.xml
2024-06-21 12:49:42 +02:00

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<mods:title id="7A77474E93D232FACBBC8DD446D92C25">Notes and descriptions on North American Desmiphorini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="7C98652C1E4DFFCAFF1BFF22F261DFFD" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF1BFF22F39CDF16" blockId="1.[151,1430,222,283]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
<heading id="6F7581CB1E4DFFCAFF1BFF22F39CDF16" bold="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" reason="1">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFF1BFF22F39CDF16" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
On
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFF48FF22F14BDEF5" ID-CoL="62RF2" authority="Breuning, 1940" authorityName="Breuning" authorityYear="1940" box="[196,517,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFF48FF22F20EDEF5" bold="true" box="[196,320,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFECBFF22F14BDEF5" author="Breuning" box="[327,517,222,248]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. (1940) Novae species Cerambycidarum. VIII. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 10 (1), 37 - 85." type="journal article" year="1940">Breuning, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD9EFF22F026DEF5" authority="Breuning, 1949" authorityName="Breuning" authorityYear="1949" box="[530,872,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD9EFF22F1EDDEF5" bold="true" box="[530,675,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFD25FF22F026DEF5" author="Breuning" box="[681,872,222,248]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. (1949) Notes systematiques sur les Lamiaires (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Bulletin de l'Institut de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 25 (38), 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1949">Breuning, 1949</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFC26FF22F39CDF16" authority="Breuning &amp; Heyrovsky, 1961" authorityName="Breuning &amp; Heyrovsky" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFC26FF22F726DEF5" bold="true" box="[938,1128,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFBE3FF22F39CDF16" author="Breuning" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. &amp; Heyrovsky, L. (1961) Cerambycides nouveaux de la collection Heyrovsky. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de Mulhouse, 1961, 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1961">Breuning &amp; Heyrovsky, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF1BFEBBF261DFFD" blockId="1.[151,1437,327,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFF1BFEBBF272DF6D" author="Linsley" box="[151,316,327,352]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1942) Contributions towards a knowledge of the insect fauna of Lower California No. 2 Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 24, 21 - 96." type="journal article" year="1942">Linsley (1942)</bibRefCitation>
questioned the inclusion of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFDF9FEB5F0ACDF6D" authority="Skinner, 1905" authorityName="Skinner" authorityYear="1905" box="[629,994,327,352]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Lypsimena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFDF9FEB5F00EDF6D" box="[629,832,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Lypsimena tigrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFCCBFEBBF0ACDF6D" author="Skinner" box="[839,994,327,352]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Skinner, H. (1905) Descriptions of new Coleoptera from Arizona with notes on some other species. Entomological News, 16 (9), 289 - 292." type="journal article" year="1905">
Skinner,
<quantity id="F37A9B421E4DFFCAFC26FEBBF0ACDF6D" box="[938,994,327,352]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8387" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" unit="in" value="1905.0">1905</quantity>
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</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFB88FEBBF6D2DF6D" authority="Fairmaire and Germain, 1859" authorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" authorityYear="1859" box="[1028,1436,327,352]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFB88FEBBF702DF6D" box="[1028,1100,327,352]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estola</emphasis>
Fairmaire and Germain, 1859
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFF33FE90F2CBDF88" author="Schaeffer" box="[191,389,364,389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Schaeffer, C. F. A. (1906) Two new Oncideres, with notes on some other Coleoptera. The Canadian Entomologist, 38 (1), 18 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 3818 - 1" type="journal article" year="1906">Schaeffer (1906)</bibRefCitation>
: “This species belongs in a different group from the two preceding [
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFB4AFE90F271DFA5" authority="LeConte, 1873" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sordida">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFB4AFE90F6D2DF88" box="[1222,1436,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides sordida</emphasis>
LeConte, 1873
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFEF6FE73F1AADFA5" authority="Linsley, 1942" authorityName="Linsley" authorityYear="1942" box="[378,740,399,424]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparsa">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFEF6FE73F10EDFA5" box="[378,576,399,424]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides sparsa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFDCBFE73F1AADFA5" author="Linsley" box="[583,740,399,424]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1942) Contributions towards a knowledge of the insect fauna of Lower California No. 2 Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 24, 21 - 96." type="journal article" year="1942">Linsley, 1942</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
], characterized by the more elongate, less robust form, narrow lower lobe of the eyes, and the less sloping mesosternum. Its assignment to
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFBB8FE48F735DFC0" box="[1076,1147,436,461]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFBB8FE48F735DFC0" box="[1076,1147,436,461]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, needs further confirmation.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF4BFE00F7E9DD02" blockId="1.[151,1437,327,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFF4BFE00F2C8DC19" author="Breuning" box="[199,390,508,533]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. (1940) Novae species Cerambycidarum. VIII. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 10 (1), 37 - 85." type="journal article" year="1940">Breuning (1940)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD85FE00F130DC18" box="[521,638,508,533]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD85FE00F130DC18" box="[521,638,508,533]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as follows (translation): Elongate, antennae longer than body, with ventral side fringed, the first segment short, thick, strongly clavate, the antennomere IV distinctly longer than V. Antennal tubercles wide apart. Eyes coarsely facetted, strongly emarginate, the lower lobes transverse. Frons transverse. Pronotum transverse, arched, finely and transversely sulcate near base and apex, with long lateral spine at midpoint of sides. Elytra long, slightly wider than pronotum, slightly arched, apex rounded. Head not retractable. Prosternal process lower than the coxae, evenly rounded. Mesosternal process gradually inclined toward anterior edge. Mesocoxal cavities open [closed according to
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFD65FD28F0D8DCE1" author="Breuning" box="[745,918,724,749]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. (1974) Revision des Rhodopinini americains. Studia Entomologica, 17 (1 - 4), 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1974">Breuning 1974</bibRefCitation>
], the legs moderately long, femora claviform, mesotibiae dorsally sulcate, claws closed. Throughout with sparse setae, including the scape.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF4BFCE1F050DDC9" blockId="1.[151,1437,327,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
Later,
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFE9CFCE0F284DD39" author="Breuning" box="[272,458,796,821]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. (1949) Notes systematiques sur les Lamiaires (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Bulletin de l'Institut de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 25 (38), 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1949">Breuning (1949)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFDCAFCE0F183DD38" box="[582,717,796,821]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFDCAFCE0F183DD38" box="[582,717,796,821]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(translation):
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFCE2FCE0F384DD55" authority="Skinner" authorityName="Skinner" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFCE2FCE0F744DD39" box="[878,1034,796,821]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estola tigrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFB9EFCE0F384DD55" author="Skinner" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Skinner, H. (1905) Descriptions of new Coleoptera from Arizona with notes on some other species. Entomological News, 16 (9), 289 - 292." type="journal article" year="1905" yearSuffix="p">Skinner (1905, Ent. News, XVI, p. 291)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is to be excluded from the genus
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFDDEFCC3F0A3DD55" authority="Fairmaire and Germain. This" authorityName="Fairmaire and Germain. This" box="[594,1005,831,856]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFDDEFCC3F1D4DD55" box="[594,666,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estola</emphasis>
Fairmaire and Germain. This
</taxonomicName>
species is close to those of the genus
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFF1BFC98F231DD70" authority="Breuning" authorityName="Breuning" box="[151,383,868,893]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFF1BFC98F242DD70" box="[151,268,868,893]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides</emphasis>
Breuning
</taxonomicName>
, but differs not only by the general appearance but also by the absence of erect setae on the elytra, as well as the lateral tubercle of the pronotum which is obtuse. These characters are enough to create a new genus for this species. I propose the name of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD1CFC50F059DDC8" box="[656,791,940,965]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD1CFC50F059DDC8" box="[656,791,940,965]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF4BFC33F773DB5D" blockId="1.[151,1437,327,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
Finally,
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFEA7FC33F1E1DDE5" author="Breuning" box="[299,687,975,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. &amp; Heyrovsky, L. (1961) Cerambycides nouveaux de la collection Heyrovsky. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de Mulhouse, 1961, 16 - 18." type="journal article" year="1961">Breuning and Heyrovsky (1961)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFCB5FC33F0A0DDE5" box="[825,1006,975,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFCB5FC33F0A0DDE5" box="[825,1006,975,1000]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(translation): “Elongated. Antennae slender, slightly longer than body, fringed beneath with short setae, the scape slightly long and very strong, the antennomere III slightly longer than IV, much longer than scape, the antennomere IV much longer than remaining antennomeres. Antennal tubercles separated and slightly noticeable. Eyes coarsely faceted and strongly notched. Gena very short. Frons transverse. Pronotum transverse, tri-lobed at base and with very long and slender lateral spine, slightly curved. Scutellum pentagonal. Elytra long, slightly wider than pronotum, widely truncate at apex and with rows of punctures. Head not retractile. Prosternal process slightly wide, a little lower than coxae and rounded. Mesosternal process with rounded tubercle. Metasternum with normal length. Mesocoxal cavities open. Legs of medium length, the femora slightly claviform, the mesotibiae with slightly dorsal sulcus, the claws divaricated. Nearly all these characters are not useful to separate
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFC13FAE8F71ADB20" box="[927,1108,1300,1325]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFC13FAE8F71ADB20" box="[927,1108,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from some other genera of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFF1BFACBF27ADB5D" box="[151,308,1335,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Desmiphorini">Desmiphorini</taxonomicName>
, mainly because some of the characters are specific or tribal features.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF4BFAA0F15BDBED" blockId="1.[151,1437,327,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFF4BFAA0F2B8DB78" author="Chemsak" box="[199,502,1372,1397]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Chemsak, J. A. &amp; Linsley, E. G. (1966) The genus Tigrinestola Breuning (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 42 (3), 239 - 243." type="journal article" year="1966">Chemsak &amp; Linsley (1966)</bibRefCitation>
reported: “The present paper is intended to demonstrate that the genus
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFA81FAA0F6DADB78" box="[1293,1428,1372,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFA81FAA0F6DADB78" box="[1293,1428,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as defined by Breuning, has geographical and taxonomic validity, even though it is not possible with the material presently available to characterize more than two species which might be assigned to it. Nevertheless,
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFA98FA58F6D5DBB0" box="[1300,1435,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFA98FA58F6D5DBB0" box="[1300,1435,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not redescribed in their work.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF4BFA10F266D825" blockId="1.[151,1437,327,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFF4BFA10F2C6D809" author="Breuning" box="[199,392,1516,1541]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Breuning, S. (1974) Revision des Rhodopinini americains. Studia Entomologica, 17 (1 - 4), 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1974">Breuning (1974)</bibRefCitation>
separated
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD81FA10F1DAD808" box="[525,660,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD81FA10F1DAD808" box="[525,660,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD6BFA10F012D808" box="[743,860,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD6BFA10F012D808" box="[743,860,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in his key to genera of American
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFA9CFA10F6D2D808" box="[1296,1436,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Rhodopinini">Rhodopinini</taxonomicName>
(translation):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF1BF9ABF023D861" blockId="1.[151,973,1623,1674]" box="[151,877,1623,1644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
39. Pronotum with a lateral tubercle obtuse [conducting to
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD7DF9ABF02BD861" box="[753,869,1623,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD7DF9ABF02BD861" box="[753,869,1623,1644]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF1BF989F083D887" blockId="1.[151,973,1623,1674]" box="[151,973,1653,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
- Pronotum with a lateral spine [conducting to
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD1EF989F1B8D887" box="[658,758,1653,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD1EF989F1B8D887" box="[658,758,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFCA8F989F0F0D887" box="[804,958,1653,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFCA8F989F0F0D887" box="[804,958,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFCAFF4BF94AF67ED936" blockId="1.[151,1437,1718,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFF4BF94AF14BD8C2" author="Linsley" box="[199,517,1718,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Linsley, E. G. &amp; Chemsak, J. A. (1984) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part VII, No. 1. Taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Lamiinae, tribes Parmenini through Acanthoderini. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 102, 1 - 258." type="journal article" year="1984">Linsley &amp; Chemsak (1984)</bibRefCitation>
presented a description of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFCC4F94AF081D8C2" box="[840,975,1718,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFCC4F94AF081D8C2" box="[840,975,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and pointed out: “The gray and black appressed pubescence, broadly tuberculate sides of the pronotum and relatively short antennae will distinguish this genus. In the same work, when writing on
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFD2DF902F05BD91A" box="[673,789,1790,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFD2DF902F05BD91A" box="[673,789,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, they recorded: “This genus is readily separated from
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFF1BF8DEF250D936" box="[151,286,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFF1BF8DEF250D936" box="[151,286,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the longer antennae, acute lateral tubercles of the pronotum and concolorous pubescence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4DFFC9FF4BF8BAF7AEDF8A" blockId="1.[151,1437,1718,2031]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">
The descriptions and statements listed above encompass problems and mistakes. The description of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFF1BF896F1F8D98E" authority="Chemsak &amp; Linsley, 1966" authorityName="Chemsak &amp; Linsley" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,694,1898,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdeni">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFF1BF896F2CBD98E" box="[151,389,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola howdeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4DFFCAFE00F896F1F8D98E" author="Chemsak" box="[396,694,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" refString="Chemsak, J. A. &amp; Linsley, E. G. (1966) The genus Tigrinestola Breuning (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 42 (3), 239 - 243." type="journal article" year="1966">Chemsak &amp; Linsley, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, simply made the original description of the genus, based only on the general appearance, absence of erect setae on elytra, and shape of lateral tubercle of the prothorax completely inappropriate.
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4DFFCAFEB6F84EF166D9C6" box="[314,552,1970,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdeni">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4DFFCAFEB6F84EF166D9C6" box="[314,552,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="470">Tigrinestola howdeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as pointed out in the original description, has “very few longer recurved hairs present at base and apex. Actually, we examined specimens in which the erect setae are sparse, but not “very few and not restricted to the base. Furthermore, the
<typeStatus id="EB3988051E4EFFC9FD31FF6BF06DDEBD" box="[701,803,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FCC1FF65F755DEBD" box="[845,1051,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Lypsimena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FCC1FF65F755DEBD" box="[845,1051,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Lypsimena tigrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has a few erect setae on the basal area of the elytra. Thus, we believe that
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FD22FF40F0A9DED8" author="Chemsak" box="[686,999,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Chemsak, J. A. &amp; Linsley, E. G. (1966) The genus Tigrinestola Breuning (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 42 (3), 239 - 243." type="journal article" year="1966">Chemsak &amp; Linsley (1966)</bibRefCitation>
could not affirm that
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FB6BFF40F620DED8" box="[1255,1390,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FB6BFF40F620DED8" box="[1255,1390,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
“as defined by Breuning had taxonomic validity. Our conclusion is supported by the following: the main features pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FECFFEF8F2B0DF11" author="Breuning" box="[323,510,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Breuning, S. (1949) Notes systematiques sur les Lamiaires (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Bulletin de l'Institut de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 25 (38), 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1949">Breuning (1949)</bibRefCitation>
as distinctive of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FD4DFEF8F007DF10" box="[705,841,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FD4DFEF8F007DF10" box="[705,841,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
actually are not useful to separate
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FB5AFEF8F613DF10" box="[1238,1373,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FB5AFEF8F613DF10" box="[1238,1373,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FF1BFEDBF242DF4D" box="[151,268,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FF1BFEDBF242DF4D" box="[151,268,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and were invalidated by the description of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FC80FED5F0C9DF4D" box="[780,903,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdeni">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FC80FED5F0C9DF4D" box="[780,903,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">T. howdeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the presence of erect setae on the elytra and, also: “Pronotum lateral tubercles broadly acute [male]; “Pronotum with lateral tubercle more acute [female]. Also,
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FF1BFE93F21FDF85" author="Breuning" box="[151,337,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Breuning, S. (1954) Nouvelles formes de Lamiaires (Septieme partie). Bulletin de l'Institut de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 30 (41), 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1954">Breuning (1954)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE46FE93F1B4DF85" authority="(Spinestoloides)" baseAuthorityName="Spinestoloides" box="[458,762,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE46FE93F171DF85" box="[458,575,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FDC3FE93F1BFDF85" box="[591,753,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Spinestoloides</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
in which the elytra do not have erect setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF4BFE69F16DDC6D" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
In the same way, the key from
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FDA4FE68F1ADDFA1" author="Breuning" box="[552,739,404,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Breuning, S. (1974) Revision des Rhodopinini americains. Studia Entomologica, 17 (1 - 4), 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1974">Breuning (1974)</bibRefCitation>
is not useful, because although usually the lateral tubercle of the prothorax is somewhat obtuse in
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FDCEFE45F1E2DFDD" box="[578,684,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Lypsimena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FDCEFE45F1E2DFDD" box="[578,684,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">T. tigrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FD64FE45F02BDFDD" box="[744,869,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdeni">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FD64FE45F02BDFDD" box="[744,869,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">T. howdeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it can also be more acute apically. Furthermore, there are species placed in
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE49FE20F174DFF8" box="[453,570,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE49FE20F174DFF8" box="[453,570,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a very similar lateral tubercle as, for example,
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FB0AFE21F39CDC15" authority="Breuning, 1940" authorityName="Breuning" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FB0AFE21F668DFF8" box="[1158,1318,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">E. longicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FAA0FE20F39CDC15" author="Breuning" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Breuning, S. (1940) Novae species Cerambycidarum. VIII. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica, 10 (1), 37 - 85." type="journal article" year="1940">Breuning, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE82FDFDF1FBDC15" authority="Breuning, 1971" authorityName="Breuning" authorityYear="1971" box="[270,693,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paralboscutellaris">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE82FDFDF2B4DC15" box="[270,506,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">E. paralboscutellaris</emphasis>
Breuning, 1971
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, this character is absolutely useless to separate
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FA98FE03F6D5DC15" box="[1300,1435,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FA98FE03F6D5DC15" box="[1300,1435,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FF54FDD8F203DC30" box="[216,333,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FF54FDD8F203DC30" box="[216,333,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is curious that
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FDA5FDD8F1A8DC31" author="Breuning" box="[553,742,548,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Breuning, S. (1974) Revision des Rhodopinini americains. Studia Entomologica, 17 (1 - 4), 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1974">Breuning (1974)</bibRefCitation>
invalidated his key to genera when he provided the key to species of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE81FDBBF2DBDC6D" box="[269,405,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE81FDBBF2DBDC6D" box="[269,405,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(translated):
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7C98652C1E4EFFC9FF1BFD75F7CDDD4C" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" type="key">
<keyStep id="8F762E021E4EFFC9FF1BFD75F6D3DCB6" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
<key id="401361961E4EFFC9FF1BFD75F6D3DCB6" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF1BFD75F6D3DC93" blockId="2.[151,1437,649,699]" box="[151,1437,649,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
<keyLead id="8F7395921E4EFFC9FF1BFD75F6D3DC93" box="[151,1437,649,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
1. Third article of the antennae slightly longer than scape, pronotum with obtuse lateral tubercle............. ..
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FA9AFD75F6D3DC93" ID-CoL="3WTDY" authority="Skinn." authorityName="Skinn." box="[1302,1437,649,670]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Lypsimena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FA9AFD75F616DC93" box="[1302,1368,649,670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">tigrina</emphasis>
Skinn.
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF11FD5AF6D3DCB6" blockId="2.[151,1437,649,699]" box="[157,1437,678,699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
<keyLead id="8F7395921E4EFFC9FF11FD5AF6D3DCB6" box="[157,1437,678,699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
- Third article of the antennae as long as scape, pronotum with lateral tubercle rather acute.........
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FB2AFD5AF6D3DCB6" ID-CoL="56W4M" authority="Chems. &amp; Linsl." authorityName="Chems. &amp; Linsl." box="[1190,1437,678,699]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdeni">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FB2AFD5AF7B9DCB6" box="[1190,1271,678,699]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">howdeni</emphasis>
Chems. &amp; Linsl.
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</key>
</keyStep>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF4BFD1DF7CDDD4C" blockId="2.[151,1436,737,870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
Also, the comment by
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FE6FFD1DF070DCF7" author="Linsley" box="[483,830,737,762]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Linsley, E. G. &amp; Chemsak, J. A. (1984) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part VII, No. 1. Taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Lamiinae, tribes Parmenini through Acanthoderini. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 102, 1 - 258." type="journal article" year="1984">Linsley and Chemsak (1984)</bibRefCitation>
on the different lengths of the antennae between
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FF1BFCF9F250DD13" ID-CoL="7WVQ" box="[151,286,773,798]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FF1BFCF9F250DD13" box="[151,286,773,798]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FED5FCF9F280DD13" ID-CoL="62RF2" box="[345,462,773,798]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FED5FCF9F280DD13" box="[345,462,773,798]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could, eventually, be true only when males are considered. Actually, the antennae in females of some species of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE40FCD5F10FDD4F" ID-CoL="62RF2" box="[460,577,809,834]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE40FCD5F10FDD4F" box="[460,577,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not very different from females of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FC78FCD5F735DD4F" ID-CoL="7WVQ" box="[1012,1147,809,834]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FC78FCD5F735DD4F" box="[1012,1147,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7C98652C1E4EFFC9FF4BFCB1F2FDDBED" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" type="description">
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF4BFCB1F666DD6B" blockId="2.[151,1436,737,870]" box="[199,1320,845,870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FF4BFCB1F2CFDD6B" author="Breuning" box="[199,385,845,870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Breuning, S. (1974) Revision des Rhodopinini americains. Studia Entomologica, 17 (1 - 4), 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1974">Breuning (1974)</bibRefCitation>
separated
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE74FCB1F1E3DD6B" box="[504,685,845,870]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE74FCB1F1E3DD6B" box="[504,685,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FD7DFCB1F036DD6B" box="[753,888,845,870]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FD7DFCB1F036DD6B" box="[753,888,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FC23FCB1F76ADD6B" box="[943,1060,845,870]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FC23FCB1F76ADD6B" box="[943,1060,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the key (translated):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF1BFC69F00DDDA7" blockId="2.[151,930,917,967]" box="[151,835,917,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
30. Mesotibiae notched [conducting to
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FDB8FC69F1E6DDA7" box="[564,680,917,938]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FDB8FC69F1E6DDA7" box="[564,680,917,938]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FD5BFC69F075DDA7" box="[727,827,917,938]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FD5BFC69F075DDA7" box="[727,827,917,938]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF1BFC4EF0ECDDCA" blockId="2.[151,930,917,967]" box="[151,930,946,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
- Mesotibiae with a slightly dorsal sulcus. [conducting to
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FD76FC4EF0DADDCA" box="[762,916,946,967]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FD76FC4EF0DADDCA" box="[762,916,946,967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF4BFC08F7A9DA90" blockId="2.[151,1437,1012,1504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
This feature is quite questionable, since there is a large gradient between these two kinds of sulci on mesotibiae in
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FF34FBEBF218DA3D" box="[184,342,1047,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Desmiphorini">Desmiphorini</taxonomicName>
. This makes it almost impossible to be confident about where to include some species. Also according to
<bibRefCitation id="50134B561E4EFFC9FEBDFBC0F2BFDA59" author="Breuning" box="[305,497,1084,1109]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" refString="Breuning, S. (1974) Revision des Rhodopinini americains. Studia Entomologica, 17 (1 - 4), 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1974">Breuning (1974)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FD8CFBC0F13ADA58" box="[512,628,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FD8CFBC0F13ADA58" box="[512,628,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(except
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FD51FBC1F1B8DA59" box="[733,758,1085,1108]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">E.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FC85FBC0F0E5DA58" box="[777,939,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Spinestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FC85FBC0F0E5DA58" box="[777,939,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Spinestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)) has erect setae on elytra, while they are absent in
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE80FBA3F28EDA75" box="[268,448,1119,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE80FBA3F28EDA75" box="[268,448,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, as seen before, this character seems quite questionable to us, since it is variable in the species of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE38FB78F175DA90" box="[436,571,1156,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE38FB78F175DA90" box="[436,571,1156,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This suggests that this feature is more specific than generic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF4BFB5BF386DB0A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1012,1504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
Actually, a better difference between
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FDF1FB5BF07CDACD" box="[637,818,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FDF1FB5BF07CDACD" box="[637,818,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FCFCFB5BF0ABDACD" box="[880,997,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FCFCFB5BF0ABDACD" box="[880,997,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FBAFFB5BF7E4DACD" box="[1059,1194,1191,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FBAFFB5BF7E4DACD" box="[1059,1194,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the presence of a small tubercle on the mesosternal process. This tubercle is present in
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FC3BFB30F725DAE8" box="[951,1131,1228,1253]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudestoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FC3BFB30F725DAE8" box="[951,1131,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Pseudestoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and absent from the other two.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343D36A71E4EFFC9FF4BFAE8F2FDDBED" blockId="2.[151,1437,1012,1504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FF4BFAE8F200DB20" box="[199,334,1300,1325]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FF4BFAE8F200DB20" box="[199,334,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FE6DFAE8F118DB20" box="[481,598,1300,1325]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FE6DFAE8F118DB20" box="[481,598,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the antennae in the male surpassing the elytral apex, at most, by the last three antennomeres, and the distal third of the abdominal ventrite in the female without a central depression. In
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FF1BFAA0F242DB78" box="[151,268,1372,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Estoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FF1BFAA0F242DB78" box="[151,268,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Estoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the antennae in the male surpasses the elytral apex by more than three antennomeres and the abdominal ventrite V in the female, which has a distinct depression in the center of the distal third. Additionally, the three known species of
<taxonomicName id="F3824D241E4EFFC9FEFEFA58F2B4DBB0" box="[370,506,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tigrinestola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06F6EAB51E4EFFC9FEFEFA58F2B4DBB0" box="[370,506,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="471">Tigrinestola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have three areas with the integument distinctly exposed, contrasting with the pubescence around them.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>