treatments-xml/data/55/51/74/555174E1F79F547C82C0DBACB974505E.xml

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="54075" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69e3a7a3-d279-4b63-8070-be3b1c813968" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0730-1-133" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762" ID-ZooBank="24DF15ADF8A04086AD8C60AD39C8A4AA" ModsDocID="2535-0730-7-1-133" checkinTime="1683131477234" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lehmann, Ingo &amp; Dalsgaard, Thure" docDate="2023" docId="555174E1F79F547C82C0DBACB974505E" docLanguage="en" docName="EvolutSyst 7(1): 133-182" docOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 7 (1)" docPubDate="2023-05-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204" docTitle="Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C41EACE6-7A7F-4C9B-8E8A-B8A74D46EE0D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762" lastPageNumber="133" masterDocId="CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762" masterDocTitle="Revision of Saalmulleria Mabille, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Metarbelidae) from Madagascar with the description of three new genera and fifteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="133" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1732929487722" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3AA5A52F4261298F4B06116A157DD6D3">Revision of Saalmulleria Mabille, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Metarbelidae) from Madagascar with the description of three new genera and fifteen new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="65D5886DE09D4B203ED5D7909C993B65">Lehmann, Ingo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0099079BF02361740238183B30684FF2">Leibniz-Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, ztm, Museum der Natur, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B33251CDD2E001CD28673300E9CD90CC">Dalsgaard, Thure</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3C0330A811B5A9FDF9E919E0F188F21C">Leibniz-Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, ztm, Museum der Natur, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="47AE482C9936F0BC90B3253ED5427D31" type="email">t.dalsgaard@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="DF39A33E4843BEE174393A0E431A2E6B">Evolutionary Systematics</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B4953F592A237F82E6EA95C7DF059A0D">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="555174E1F79F547C82C0DBACB974505E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209580339" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C41EACE6-7A7F-4C9B-8E8A-B8A74D46EE0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/555174E1F79F547C82C0DBACB974505E" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" scope_family="Metarbelidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
<subSubSection id="206DA8D178608005AA8EC44DF556DA25" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B2FA15474E5B5043B84336B654EEB445" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName id="4620FE431B1C5140224623D66FFFE912" LSID="https://zoobank.org/C41EACE6-7A7F-4C9B-8E8A-B8A74D46EE0D" authority="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard, 2023" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae" status="sp. nov.">Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2402F25CBB557D00E8166ABE94E71E02" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98E193CDFC570B1778FDFC0725F28CAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="description">
<paragraph id="80E9615FAC31306C6690BFAF0F51063F" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<figureCitation id="F6D809CC3F9DE78348BAF328E92D91D9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. a. Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae sp. nov., holotype, male, Republic of South Africa, Province KwaZulu-Natal, ca. 5 km north of Hluhluwe, probably collected on Hluhluwe Farm; b. S. durbanica (Hampson, 1910), comb. nov., male, Republic of South Africa, Province KwaZulu-Natal, Durban; c. S. durbanica (Hampson, 1910), comb. nov., female, Republic of South Africa, Province KwaZulu-Natal, Durban; d. S. krooni sp. nov., holotype, male, Republic of South Africa, Province Eastern Cape, Port St. Johns; e. S. wichgrafi (Gruenberg, 1910), comb. nov., &quot; Type &quot;, male, Republic of South Africa, Province Gauteng, Pretoria or Johannesburg; f. S. nigeriaensis sp. nov., holotype, female, Nigeria, locality unknown, probably collected at the coast as &quot; 1 m &quot; on the label might represent the altitude." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845633" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Figs 3a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="747AA182DF67C06746A1CA0C3BB9F8A2" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. a. Shimbania puguensis sp. nov., paratype, male, Tanzania, Pwani Region, Kisarawe Forest; b. S. kaguruensis sp. nov., holotype, male, Tanzania, Morogoro Region, Kaguru Mountains; c. S. mbarikaensis sp. nov., holotype, male, Tanzania, Morogoro Region, Mbarika Mountains (also called Mbaraka Mountains), south of Mahenge Forest; d. S. wanjakinuthiaae sp. nov., holotype, male, Republic of South Africa, Province KwaZulu-Natal, ca. 5 km north of Hluhluwe, probably collected on Hluhluwe Farm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845639" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">, 9d</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D394AC12074CC8AE296E0B34F2163B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A60F53D678A565DDE1F9183F1551D8C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA2651B7027D9AA471F0DE18CB871A36" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<materialsCitation id="F592ADA57BA2DF2FC0E34F782FD30FBB" collectingDate="1974-10-31" collectorName="I. Lehmann" country="Republic of South Africa" elevation="86" location="Hluhluwe" municipality="Province" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis id="D7C4225271B27A86F38D7679498A5E05" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<typeStatus id="78F414E8F6D809A1E103B9E2B531895E">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
male, 
<collectingCountry id="41E4BA8BA2418B7C4C129589FFE80CE9" name="South Africa">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="D062E86BEC51DE2E6752CE6450BBCB85">Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="B84D8D56FE6A57750CA7090ED3B4C37C" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
, 
<quantity id="F097E81DE4DC7102FA534866C2E24F45" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
north of 
<location id="8493CC506F0DE13FB616E1060C02CE77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:555174E1F79F547C82C0DBACB974505E:8493CC506F0DE13FB616E1060C02CE77" country="Republic of South Africa" municipality="Province" name="Hluhluwe" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Hluhluwe</location>
, 27°59'[23&quot;]S, 32°16'[13&quot;]E, [
<quantity id="3FDC6403A9B5BF72244243B6279E6708" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="86.0">
<elevation id="4F893BC6643CE8D27AADA7557F36DD05" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="86.0">86 m</elevation>
</quantity>
], &quot;Hluhluwe Farm?&quot;, &quot;legit unknown&quot;, &quot;recd [received] ex Williams M.&quot; [from Mark Williams to TMSA], 
<collectingDate id="B15D6F63544CF275286EC71F67C75A85" value="1974-10-31">31.October 1974</collectingDate>
, genitalia slide number 012c/062016 
<collectorName id="C2DE181598C312672127C6123B7885F1">I. Lehmann</collectorName>
(TMSA).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6F88E1B92FF0DEB05DB59B7F86AE7821" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="description">
<paragraph id="AB37C3820368FB4F9E157ECAB7D1D541" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3941426C7872CF6FC0A6CE3B5DB4216F" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="0B2AA386D86A1AA7B813DB1C923FD79A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Head</emphasis>
: ventrally sepia (without any chestnut colour), the rest is deep olive-buff, short scales with cream tips, glossy; eyes sepia with many small dark brown spots and surrounded by long hair-like scales of sepia with a glint; a pair of pits is rudimentary on lower fronto-clypeus, a pair of projections absent; pits behind labial palpi are extremely tiny narrow slits; antenna medium long, 0.37 length of forewing, bipectinate, shaft narrow, branches long, 3.5 
<normalizedToken id="3D07864BCC312E4E947B336B159800C4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of shaft, not scaled, all branches are widely separated at base, 1.5 
<normalizedToken id="9DC9F83D612F645A05866FED727FE0E7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of branch; shaft covered with ivory-yellow scales dorsally; labial palpi long, almost as long as eye-diameter, sepia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61AB382AFA014D4FA69EA1A7B2685DA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="F3605972B935387BCD6A1CD3E252D85B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Thorax</emphasis>
: Patagia deep olive-buff, forming a collar ring, scales with light grey tips; tegulae with long hair-like dark chestnut scales with a light lilac glint. Metathorax has a scale-crest of deep olive-buff with a small patch of dark chestnut at center. Hind legs deep olive-buff with fine hair-like scales with light grey tips, on lower part of tarsus dark chestnut dorsally; two pairs of short tibial spurs (
<emphasis id="858CFF824EA15769B18636C390E6B210" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
cf. 
<taxonomicName id="A9EA28ADDFCFCE33FABAC603D1C97954" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania mbarikaensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mbarikaensis">Shimbania mbarikaensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
sp. nov.) of unequal width and length, upper pair broad, 
<emphasis id="B1EF2193B8364329728781C8145665A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">ca.</emphasis>
1.7 mm and 1.0 mm long, lower pair narrow 
<emphasis id="448726BC73777D9D62D0287C82E4DC53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">ca.</emphasis>
1.2 mm and 0.8 mm long. Forewing length 21.0 mm and wingspan is 45.0 mm. Forewing upperside deep olive-buff with a light golden glint towards termen, costal margin not distinctly marked; below first half of 1A+2A a dark chestnut patch; forewing with few and weak, narrow, dark olive lines from costa to dorsum, most veins distinctly marked dark olive including CuA2; a small, weak and dark olive subterminal patch, oval-shaped, from R3 to near end of CuA2 and hence, with a long stalk; termen without lunules; cilia short, 1.0 mm, deep olive-buff with grey tips and a glint. Underside of forewing is olive-buff with a golden glint. Hindwing upperside is pale olive-buff with a light golden glint; cilia as in forewing; underside as in forewing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="014B4B47D2720F175C6E19DDA0FB0F0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="44F70330D08796E7CE3B8266F1BB337C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Deep olive-buff with hair-like scales with a light golden glint; abdominal tuft with hair-like scales of deep olive-buff, short, 1/5 length of abdomen. Genitalia with very long and narrow uncus, 80% of length of whole gnathos, narrow graben-like surface ventrally is absent, but a thickening occurs behind the tip ventrally. Gnathos has gnathos arms that are large, one arm 50% the size of valva; upper part of the gnathos arm is a short band that is only as long as 30% of basal width of valva, the lower part of the gnathal arm does not touch the other arm but is widely separated, it is of broad rectangular shape with a pronounced thorn-like structure and with its base 40% of the basal width of valva, a strongly serrate dorsal edge is absent, but two short thorn-like structures are present; the gnathal arms are connected ventrally by a narrow sclerotized band that is as broad as 20% of the transtilla and is narrowly bifurcated at the middle. The Gnathos arms end above the dorsal edge of the transtilla. The valva is short, broadly rectangular with a dorsal edge of 1.4 
<normalizedToken id="AA237D4B5D7065E6C3554BBF250DD62F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the length of uncus, ventral edge of valva oblique C-shaped, with a tip that is broadly rounded; sacculus not pronounced, narrow, weakly sclerotized, 40% of length of ventral edge of valva; juxta well developed, with two oval-shaped lobes and a narrowly V-shaped emargination in between that is only 30% the length of juxta, tips of lobes pointed. Phallus large, as broad as 30% of basal width of valva and 45% longer than costal width of valva, bent upwards at tip distally, vesica without cornuti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EA23A7A3CE6D286AD02024F5E6CA8BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="55EC1CC390DA35A7347134745194119F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B03B4F32267FB9BF9EF56E0E714E42A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D036F2CA050885169FDD1A20598814B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="734AA5349289DD8EC2B07DB70F2B2BA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName id="1C12BC3ECEB7F6A9910152207C63A82E" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="631A0D79A7069872762B94616BE190A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is a small species with a similar size to 
<taxonomicName id="0CBBBA6EB444CA766F9FE76960F0203C" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. kaguruensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaguruensis">
<emphasis id="EA086D4E2B02995AD36DBCE320C0037A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. kaguruensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Apart from the size, the genitalia is most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="C5375BB52A192633AA717A71312BDD1E" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. budaensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="budaensis">
<emphasis id="B55BA7BB17B33A95B892B0CB06863F6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. budaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. with a very broad ventral base of the vinculum, but in 
<taxonomicName id="502E281F63B3BEF7CA7D8957D560C9AB" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="2FCFF2CB6946A7376B41570F4A91BF19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. it has 55% of the basal width of its short valva and hence, is at present the broadest ventral base of a vinculum among 
<taxonomicName id="A1D297042ED00AA9903056AC6EC348B0" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F3D8030F5AA1C8B8B230346913D8C674" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Shimbania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter species can also be easily separated from 
<taxonomicName id="D441449C43D7698485E4F9EE9680E401" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. budaensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="budaensis">
<emphasis id="1B98143E1D9453B82E43C77C9AFDB9EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. budaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. by its short rectangular valva with a costal margin that is only 1.4 
<normalizedToken id="6FD5F539221D20E07DB92A354D6AC57E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than the uncus and with a ventral margin that is not suddenly bent inwards but C-shaped (
<emphasis id="3E61A8FE8972C8F41523AA775AB4439A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">cf.</emphasis>
diagnosis of 
<taxonomicName id="73D2408BD4ECFE44764C312EAA4FC897" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. budaensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="budaensis">
<emphasis id="DDD21902999A64814A7468A9586A4EF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. budaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.). The shape of the valvae is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="FB295F7763E1AF2E78A1295992C37793" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. baginerichardi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baginerichardi">
<emphasis id="D1F39A4C8DAB619A124B0A3726CBA278" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. baginerichardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., in the latter species, the valvae are also short with a dorsal edge of only 1.3 
<normalizedToken id="1311A450A0CCA8B15EEAF6A983A321B2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the length of uncus while in 
<taxonomicName id="49E85EE426A9D999BF798E9FF99FFF0F" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="9A4962F1D04D9F4769E83E5C3CB975A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. the dorsal edge is 1.4 
<normalizedToken id="E1375F22BEE1AE9138358930633A8146" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the length of uncus. However, the former species is larger with a more contrasting wing pattern. Both species differ in the width of the tegumen (viewed ventrally) that is 40% as broad as the basal width of valva in 
<taxonomicName id="4B230C1DB2A92E59FD5E9389F9E867D5" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="355BDAD5F2B9491C2CA61DA31ABD50CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. but 50% as broad as the basal width of valva in 
<taxonomicName id="ABC7841AE6B03CD1AD4FB92EDD76F020" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. baginerichardi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baginerichardi">
<emphasis id="9C338943EA8DDB4FE276B0F28F687FAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. baginerichardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Additionally, the latter species has a narrow ventral base of the vinculum. Due to the common characters in the male genitalia mentioned above, two closely related species of 
<taxonomicName id="AB752FB76BAA2AB9CFBD1507B6C43604" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="2103EBE0363F134126A7FE2B70E54088" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. occur at present in coastal forests of southeast Kenya, but not nearby since the size, shape of valvae and vinculum separate 
<taxonomicName id="066664F0765418EC50908BD34BC5DEDD" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="C6C352AF2291ED0D97A569BF8786D04A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. from the other three species of 
<taxonomicName id="784E2D1A49E8B53196288169D1B73BB1" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11D34101B0FF2E0CCFBCED4B295CD3C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Shimbania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that are presented herein from the Republic of South Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F96B23B06688D5075BBB956F2E8AFFB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D1A3D3789F36FC65E6DBA33506C79DC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="583CB01EFBD67903B9617D93F9F16AA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName id="42364EF279BE4BF67FA38FCAAE814F63" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="BC456FE77F8D323F17C86E9A70186B19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is only known from a drier lowland area 
<emphasis id="C5EBFFF688BD86DF77B319C2B09339AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">ca.</emphasis>
5 km north of Hluhluwe, located 
<emphasis id="09F0295BE61FC237D00427E2D556B822" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">ca.</emphasis>
32 km inland from the coast of the Indian Ocean and just 2 km west of Lake St. Lucia, with a mosaic of various habitats. 
<bibRefCitation id="ED3CDCAE523BA5EA4F9D4C2A1BC8E6BE" author="Rutherford, MC" editor="Mucina, L" journalOrPublisher="Strelitzia" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="438 - 539" refId="B90" refString="Rutherford, MC, Mucina, L, Loetter, MC, Bredenkamp, GJ, Smit, JHL, Scott-Shaw, CR, Hoare, DB, Goodman, PS, Bezuidenhout, H, Scott, L, Ellis, F, Powrie, LW, Siebert, F, Mostert, TH, Henning, BJ, Venter, CA, Camp, KGT, Siebert, SJ, Matthews, WS, Burrows, JE, Dobson, L, van Rooyen, N, Schmidt, E, Winter, PJD, du Preez, PJ, Ward, RA, Williamson, S, Hurter, PJH, 2006. Savanna Biome. In: Mucina, L, Rutherford, MC, Eds., The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Pretoria. Strelitzia 19: 438 - 539" title="Savanna Biome." volume="19" volumeTitle="The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Pretoria." year="2006">Rutherford et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
described the area just east and northeast of Hluhluwe as &quot;Makatini Clay Thicket&quot; (Savanna Biome) adjacent to the &quot;Zululand Lowveld&quot; (Savanna Biome) that largely occurs towards the west and north of Hluhluwe including remarkable continuous bands of &quot;Lowveld Riverine Forest&quot; (Azonal Forests of the Forests Biome) 
<emphasis id="1D84258FC8A58B85678EECB7E70BEC5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="26C3D841CB4E4EF4835C4944C4CA9F50" author="Mucina, L" editor="Mucina, L" journalOrPublisher="Strelitzia" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="484 - 614" refId="B77" refString="Mucina, L, Geldenhuys, CJ, 2006. Afrotemperate, Subtropical and Azonal Forests. In: Mucina, L, Rutherford, MC, Eds., The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Pretoria. Strelitzia 19: 484 - 614" title="Afrotemperate, Subtropical and Azonal Forests." volume="19" volumeTitle="The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Pretoria." year="2006">Mucina and Geldenhuys (2006)</bibRefCitation>
. The latter occur near the collecting site. It is a tall, &quot;critically endangered&quot; forest comprising, 
<emphasis id="8D1CEE321C520F90D1032F6F014CAE54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
e.g. 
<taxonomicName id="13CC66F8504ABB325317A64656C7FEFD" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia robusta" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="robusta">Acacia robusta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Burch subsp. 
<taxonomicName id="A21039FB6402DD9FC8277E782F7ED8C3" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia robusta subsp. clavigera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="robusta" subSpecies="clavigera">Acacia robusta clavigera</taxonomicName>
Brenan (
<taxonomicName id="75574C34F40DE1239CDB56B125335490" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="C7D823878860BE59CC3F502334F3D499" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mimosoideae">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="0D51D8270E5B08B4C7E9C149EF8B4F7F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diospyros mespiliformis" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mespiliformis">
<emphasis id="1F14AE0C0BB7804921ED7BCEAA32361B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Diospyros mespiliformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hochst. (
<taxonomicName id="9160BE1F8CDA65F5481680E4540FC6EC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ebenaceae</taxonomicName>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="6362EBA5C2BE1E248A24CAE7B5A9C0EC" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" genus="Faidherbia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Faidherbia albida" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="albida">
<emphasis id="110DF0C66860DB338D47F5E351264904" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Faidherbia albida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Delile) A. Chev. (
<taxonomicName id="BBE9ED17F3EE9647D03C9301C74333CC" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="DF4317DEA420F6B25E18C7322CBAC4D8" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mimosoideae">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
), and is located adjacent to areas of cultivation as well as dense thickets of the &quot;Zululand Lowveld&quot; with, 
<emphasis id="833512B56261085A9050CA5D4ED3C988" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">e.g. Dichrostachys cinerea</emphasis>
(L.) Wight &amp; Arn. (
<taxonomicName id="FDA22BA1C9AB5A60D36DFCD97E6CFEDB" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="3A42D1287C46C735608852DE0F5ECF42" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mimosoideae">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
) and various 
<taxonomicName id="40DC13629F0278AF90FA7BE24D4E759F" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9074F1C46BF6C2999D49B38FFACEF67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. (
<taxonomicName id="B00DDA68AF7089BD8CAB03DF1B7C57FA" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="97722E684DD0136D8B7C15568D29FA95" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mimosoideae">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="433A482DEAA8EB36DD532E924E1AB17B" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="E21ECE2AB9996CF39EC71D36C9D227CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. most probably extends via riverine forests further to the East into the &quot;Maputaland Coastal Belt&quot; 
<emphasis id="F27102075E2591844AAFB5DFDEB7489A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF25DF8B45EFF4E188944455D271FA32" author="Mucina, L" editor="Mucina, L" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Pretoria. Strelitzia 19" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="568 - 583" refId="B80" refString="Mucina, L, Scott-Shaw, CR, Rutherford, MC, Camp, KGT, Matthews, WS, Powrie, LW, Hoare, DB, 2006b. Indian Ocean Coastal Belt. In: Mucina, L, Rutherford, MC, Eds., The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Pretoria. Strelitzia 19: 568 - 583" title="Indian Ocean Coastal Belt." volumeTitle="The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland." year="2006 b">Mucina et al. (2006b)</bibRefCitation>
, occurring along the coast of the Indian Ocean, in habitats with average annual rainfall of 1200 mm that decreases rapidly towards areas near Hluhluwe with 500 mm. Due to the small size of all forest patches on these areas 
<taxonomicName id="22F2F090FF952E2AAB5DA0BDE65600F2" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="517F10BBFCEB0FD99828650F35408E1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">S. wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is potentially threatened.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E3468119A0547C7F98D0FA77385963B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7C97CC9238621AE690713FF0BBA16A70" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FAA4E41358E5694EB3F83C3D2467BF52" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicName id="4D89D11883D6F7688774E4F8BAFFB191" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Shimbania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wanjakinuthiaae">
<emphasis id="EAF13172202F98CE22D7735E95C78304" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Shimbania wanjakinuthiaae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named for the Kenyan Senior Research Scientist Dr. Margaret Wanja Kinuthia (NMK, Invertebrate Zoology Section, Nairobi) for her significant support on research permits from the Government of Kenya for I.L. to undertake field work in five coastal forests of Kwale District in the years 2000-2005. Wanja works as an entomologist in the NMK since 1998 and was among Kenyan Scientists who coordinated the &quot;BIOTA East&quot; project (BIOdiversity Monitoring Transect Analysis in Africa, undertaken in Kenya, Uganda and Yemen) since 2001 for nine years. The project significantly increased taxonomic capacity to identify invertebrates, plants and microorganisms in East Africa. She still supports various scientific studies as well as awareness raising projects on the impact of pesticide on bees and other pollinators in farmlands and natural landscapes in the frame of the FAO and GEF &quot;Global Pollination Project&quot; in Kenya, Ghana and in the Republic of South Africa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9EABD3585838E7D58C33FF52BDAA8F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">The gender of the new species name is feminine.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>