194 lines
28 KiB
XML
194 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="6C7131ED4737B73C7E231DC5977E306B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5379.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209083" ID-ZooBank="430102D2-4EAA-41B3-B57F-CC532F929DA3" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1701074983827" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di" docDate="2023" docId="4B6E902EFFFCFFC2FF46FF4A1836FD52" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5379.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5379 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5379.1.1/52354" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Flabellopora lingua Silen 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="B757E856FFAAFF95FFD1FF931C54FFA3" masterDocTitle="Scanning electron microscopy study of Lars Silén’s cheilostome bryozoan type specimens in the historical collections of natural history museums in Sweden" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1701076047985" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6AB360EC9B116E31F9C86255223068F1">Scanning electron microscopy study of Lars Silén’s cheilostome bryozoan type specimens in the historical collections of natural history museums in Sweden</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E299023E9CA2243275B5A32DEC38390F">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D9517DF032FFBC2DEC390365B8A01DFB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0BC061269C7327131080BB4AADCBA872">2023</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFFCFFC3FF46FF4A1E72FF57" box="[151,550,217,244]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF46FF4A1E72FF57" blockId="86.[151,550,217,280]" box="[151,550,217,244]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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<heading id="98309654FFFCFFC3FF46FF4A1E72FF57" bold="true" box="[151,550,217,244]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFCFFC3FF46FF4A1E72FF57" ID-CoL="6J749" authority="Silen, 1947 a" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,550,217,244]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Flabellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="lingua">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FF46FF4A1E72FF57" bold="true" box="[151,550,217,244]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FF46FF4A1DDDFF57" bold="true" box="[151,393,217,244]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Flabellopora lingua</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFCFFC3FE40FF4A1E72FF57" author="Silen, L." box="[401,550,217,244]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947a</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFFCFFC3FF46FF6D1D3CFEBB" box="[151,360,254,280]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF46FF6D1D3CFEBB" blockId="86.[151,550,217,280]" box="[151,360,254,280]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFCFFC3FF4EFF6D1CA7FEBB" box="[159,243,254,280]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="8E451483FFFCFFC3FF2FFF6D1D34FEBB" box="[254,352,254,280]" captionStart="TABLE 42" captionStartId="87.[151,239,795,819]" captionText="TABLE 42. Measurements in µm of Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221. Measurements of OL include the sinus." pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Table 42</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFFCFFC3FF46FEAE1F12FEF6" box="[151,838,317,341]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF46FEAE1F12FEF6" blockId="86.[151,838,317,341]" box="[151,838,317,341]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3D70616FFFCFFC3FF46FEAE1F12FEF6" box="[151,838,317,341]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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<treatmentCitation id="42660729FFFCFFC3FF46FEAE1E46FEF6" author="Silen, L." box="[151,530,317,341]" page="47" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" year="1947">
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFCFFC3FF46FEAE1E46FEF6" ID-CoL="6J749" authority="Silen, 1947 a: 47" authorityName="Silen" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,530,317,341]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Flabellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="lingua">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FF46FEAE1D30FEF6" box="[151,356,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Flabellopora lingua</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFCFFC3FEBBFEAE1E46FEF6" author="Silen, L." box="[362,530,317,341]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947a: 47</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, text-figs 36, 37, pl. 2, fig. 13.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFFCFFC3FF46FEEE1C83FE1F" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF46FEEE1C83FE1F" blockId="86.[151,1436,381,588]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FF46FEEE1DD0FE34" bold="true" box="[151,388,381,407]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="73AF2B65FFFCFFC3FE5FFEED1C83FE1F" collectionCode="UPSZTY" collectorName="Leg. Prof. S. Bock" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" specimenCode="UPSZTY 2221" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFFCFFC3FE5FFEED1DA2FE3B" box="[398,502,382,408]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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by monotypy
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<specimenCode id="93618943FFFCFFC3FD72FEED1F05FE3B" box="[675,849,382,408]" collectionCode="UPSZTY" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">UPSZTY 2221</specimenCode>
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, Okinoshima, Kiuschin,
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<collectingCountry id="BBD061A8FFFCFFC3FBA1FEED18E7FE3B" box="[1136,1203,382,408]" name="Japan" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Japan</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectorName id="6E3244EEFFFCFFC3FB13FEED19C8FE3B" box="[1218,1436,382,408]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Leg. Prof. S. Bock</collectorName>
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1914.
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFFCFFC2FF16FE561D2FFEBE" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF16FE5619C5FE43" blockId="86.[151,1436,381,588]" box="[199,1425,453,480]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FF16FE561D0DFE7C" bold="true" box="[199,345,453,479]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Description.</emphasis>
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Colony rooted, flat, leaf-shaped, bilaminar with zooids and avicularia opening on both surfaces.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF16FE791EB5FDEF" blockId="86.[151,1436,381,588]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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Autozooids indistinct, arranged in alternating series; calcification of the frontal shield smooth and with coarse, rounded tubercules (diameter 25–120 µm) occurring among the apertures and the avicularia (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFCFFC3FB70FD9D195DFD8B" box="[1185,1289,526,552]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 47A</figureCitation>
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); tubercles at the edge of the colony pointed and sharp (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFCFFC3FDBCFDA11E81FDEF" box="[621,725,562,588]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 47C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="97B871B0FFFCFFC3FF46F9D51F87F904" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" startId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" targetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" targetPageId="86" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF46F9D51F87F904" blockId="86.[151,1436,1606,1703]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FF46F9D51D77F9FD" bold="true" box="[151,291,1606,1630]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 47.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFCFFC3FEFCF9D51ED8F9FC" authority="Silen, 1947 a" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[301,652,1606,1631]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Flabellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="lingua">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FEFCF9D51DA9F9FD" box="[301,509,1606,1630]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Flabellopora lingua</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFCFFC3FDD7F9D51ED8F9FC" author="Silen, L." box="[518,652,1606,1631]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC3FF16F9461923F8F8" blockId="86.[151,1437,1748,2027]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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Orifice subcircular, proximal margin with two robust, rounded triangular condyles (height
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FB1AF946188BF94D" box="[1227,1247,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">c.</emphasis>
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14–25 µm, base
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FF46F96A1CFEF8B1" box="[151,170,1785,1810]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">c.</emphasis>
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27–35 µm) and a narrow, V- or U-shaped sinus (20–30 µm deep by 15–25 µm wide) (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFCFFC3FBADF96A1956F8B0" box="[1148,1282,1785,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 47C, E</figureCitation>
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); each orifice surrounded by a short, circular peristome appearing as a smooth, narrow (
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFCFFC3FC1EF88E1FB6F895" box="[975,994,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">c.</emphasis>
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10–15 µm wide), raised, slightly flared rim (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFCFFC3FF1CF8D21D60F8F8" box="[205,308,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 47B</figureCitation>
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). An adapical elliptical pore present medially to each aperture, 8–10 µm long by 15–20 µm wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFFCFFC2FF16F8F61FAAFF5A" blockId="86.[151,1437,1748,2027]" lastBlockId="87.[151,1437,151,753]" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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Avicularia of
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<specimenCount id="D5C1EAB1FFFCFFC3FEB4F8F61D83F8DC" box="[357,471,1893,1919]" count="2" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
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:
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<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFFCFFC3FE35F8F61E40F8DC" box="[484,532,1893,1919]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">type</typeStatus>
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1 small, interzooidal/adventitious, arranged in undulate series between zooidal rows, such that each zooidal aperture is surrounded by six avicularia, ovoidal with slightly raised, semicircular or ogival rostrum directed distally, mandible semicircular, crossbar complete (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFCFFC3FC26F83E18F2F864" box="[1015,1190,1965,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 47A, B, E</figureCitation>
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);
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFFCFFC3FB6CF83E18B9F864" box="[1213,1261,1965,1991]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 interzooidal/ vicarious, obliquely or horizontally placed along the lateral edges of the colony forming a continuous series, highly variable in size but always larger than those scattered among zooidal apertures, teardrop- or pear-shaped with rounded triangular raised rostrum, mandible of the same shape, and complete crossbar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFDFFC2FBA7FF281954FF76" box="[1142,1280,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 47B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
); two circular septular pores,
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFDFFC2FE90FF4C1D01FF5B" box="[321,341,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">c.</emphasis>
|
||
15 µm in diameter, flanking each avicularium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFDFFC2FCBAFF4C1FA5FF5A" box="[875,1009,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 47B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFDFFC2FF16FE901D2FFEBE" blockId="87.[151,1437,151,753]" box="[199,379,259,285]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Ovicells absent.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFFDFFC2FF16FEB41836FD52" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFDFFC2FF16FEB41DBFFE2A" blockId="87.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFDFFC2FF16FEB41D6FFEE2" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,321]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
SEM images of a subsample of this
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFFDFFC2FD03FEB41F63FEE2" box="[722,823,295,321]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, bleached and coated, were taken by Gerhard C. Cadée in 1991 but never published. New images of the same fragment were also taken specifically for this study, some of which are available in
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFDFFC2FE44FEFC1DB3FE2A" box="[405,487,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-124@86.[151,1436,612,1583]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 47. Flabellopora lingua Silén, 1947a. Holotype UPSZTY 2221, Japan. A. General view of the colony fragment subsampled from the holotype. B–D. Autozooids and avicularia of different sizes at colony edge. E. Close-up of an autozooid surrounded by avicularia. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B, D, E = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209200/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFDFFC2FF16FE001836FD52" blockId="87.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFDFFC2FF16FE001D0AFE0E" author="Silen, L." box="[199,350,403,429]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
excluded both that this species was lying flat on the bottom because of the bilamellar nature of its colony, and that it was standing on the bottom balanced on one of its edges because of its flatness and thinness. He hypothesized that the colony would hang down from the very thin and delicate chitinous tube, about half a cm long, observed emanating from the apical margin of the colony (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFDFFC2FC8CFE6C1FB2FDBA" author="Silen, L." box="[861,998,511,537]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén 1947a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 2, fig. 13). The tube was supposed to be attached to a foreign substrate. In some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFDFFC2FCC3FDB01FF2FD9E" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1851" box="[786,934,547,573]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Flabellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFDFFC2FCC3FDB01FF2FD9E" box="[786,934,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Flabellopora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
however roots are more numerous and have a support function (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFDFFC2FEABFDD41E37FDC2" author="Bock, P. E. & Cook, P. L." box="[378,611,583,609]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="135 - 182" refId="ref57125" refString="Bock, P. E. & Cook, P. L. (2004) A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 61, 135 - 182. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2004.61.11" type="journal article" year="2004">Bock & Cook 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). For instance,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFDFFC2FCC4FDD41FEBFDC2" author="Harmer, S. F." box="[789,959,582,609]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="641 - 1147" refId="ref59929" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 d, 641 - 1147." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed and described multiple delicate rootlets originating from lunate pores in the adapical region of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFDFFC2FCA7FDF819CCFD26" authority="Canu & Bassler, 1929" authorityName="Canu & Bassler" authorityYear="1929" box="[886,1432,619,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Flabellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFDFFC2FCA7FDF818D8FD26" box="[886,1164,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Flabellopora irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFDFFC2FB47FDF819CCFD26" author="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S." box="[1174,1432,619,645]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 685" refId="ref57638" refString="Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1929) Bryozoa of the Philippine region. United States National Museum Bulletin, 100, 1 - 685. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.76 - 2810.1" type="journal article" year="1929">Canu & Bassler, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFDFFC2FF46FD1C1D7BFD0A" author="Hirose, M." box="[151,303,655,681]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="629 - 649" refId="ref60756" refString="Hirose, M. (2017) Diversity of freshwater and marine bryozoans in Japan. In: Motokawa, M. & Kajihara, H. (Eds.), Species diversity of animals in Japan. Diversity and commonality in animals. Springer, Tokyo, pp. 629 - 649. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 4 - 431 - 56432 - 4 _ 24" type="book chapter" year="2017">Hirose (2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig.
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFFDFFC2FEBCFD1C1DF9FD0A" box="[365,429,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.43" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="g" value="24.3">24.3g</quantity>
|
||
) illustrated a colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFDFFC2FD15FD1C1FD5FD0A" box="[708,897,655,681]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Flabellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFDFFC2FD15FD1C1F0CFD0A" box="[708,856,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Flabellopora</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0103EFDAFFFDFFC2FC1BFD1C187BFD0A" box="[970,1071,655,681]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
living at
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFFDFFC2FB70FD1C1889FD0A" box="[1185,1245,655,681]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</quantity>
|
||
depth supported above the sandy seafloor by four roots. Thus, it is also rather likely for the colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFDFFC2FB5AFD2018A5FD6E" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[1163,1265,691,717]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Flabellopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="lingua">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFDFFC2FB5AFD2018A5FD6E" box="[1163,1265,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">F. lingua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be standing upright on the seafloor, anchored by one or more rootlets to the particulate substratum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |