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<mods:title id="7BBE47A9A680EAEC7EEC927FFC370842">Scanning electron microscopy study of Lars Silén’s cheilostome bryozoan type specimens in the historical collections of natural history museums in Sweden</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="39234E86E8E3376C76573E0D506B8351">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="4B6E902EFFE8FFD0FF46FA5E1F7DFADA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFFE8FFD0FF46FA5E1F7DFADA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B6E902EFFE8FFD0FF46FA5E1F7DFADA" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE8FFD7FF46FA5E1E19FA4B" box="[151,589,1485,1512]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE8FFD7FF46FA5E1E19FA4B" blockId="66.[151,589,1485,1548]" box="[151,589,1485,1512]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<heading id="98309654FFE8FFD7FF46FA5E1E19FA4B" bold="true" box="[151,589,1485,1512]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE8FFD7FF46FA5E1E19FA4B" ID-CoL="7D788" authority="Silen, 1954" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,589,1485,1512]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE8FFD7FF46FA5E1E19FA4B" bold="true" box="[151,589,1485,1512]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE8FFD7FF46FA5E1DEAFA4B" bold="true" box="[151,446,1485,1512]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Triphyllozoon cornutum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFE8FFD7FE14FA5E1E19FA4B" author="Silen, L." box="[453,589,1485,1512]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="3 - 41" refId="ref64117" refString="Silen, L. (1954) Report from Professor T. Gislen's Expedition to Australia in 1951 - 1952. No. 12, Bryozoa and Entoprocta. Kungliga fysiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, 65, 3 - 41." type="journal article" year="1954">Silén, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE8FFD7FF46FA611DC2F9AF" box="[151,406,1522,1548]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE8FFD7FF46FA611DC2F9AF" blockId="66.[151,589,1485,1548]" box="[151,406,1522,1548]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
(
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE8FFD7FF4EFA611CA2F9AF" box="[159,246,1522,1548]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="67.[151,250,1159,1183]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-20@67.[157,1430,181,1135]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 36. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia.A. General view of the colony; scale bar 1 cm. B. Labels accompanying the specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209174/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figs 36</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE8FFD7FED3FA611D75F9AF" box="[258,289,1522,1548]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">37</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="8E451483FFE8FFD7FEFDFA611DDAF9AF" box="[300,398,1522,1548]" captionStart="TABLE 33" captionStartId="67.[151,239,1267,1291]" captionText="TABLE 33. Measurements in µm of Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54." pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Table 33</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE8FFD7FF46F9A51EA9F9ED" box="[151,765,1590,1614]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE8FFD7FF46F9A51EA9F9ED" blockId="66.[151,765,1590,1614]" box="[151,765,1590,1614]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3D70616FFE8FFD7FF46F9A51EA9F9ED" box="[151,765,1590,1614]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<treatmentCitation id="42660729FFE8FFD7FF46F9A51E7AF9ED" author="Silen, L." box="[151,558,1590,1614]" page="28" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="1954">
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE8FFD7FF46F9A51E7AF9ED" ID-CoL="7D788" authority="Silen, 1954: 28" authorityName="Silen" authorityPageNumber="28" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,558,1590,1614]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE8FFD7FF46F9A51DDFF9ED" box="[151,395,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Triphyllozoon cornutum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFE8FFD7FE43F9A51E7AF9ED" author="Silen, L." box="[402,558,1590,1614]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="3 - 41" refId="ref64117" refString="Silen, L. (1954) Report from Professor T. Gislen's Expedition to Australia in 1951 - 1952. No. 12, Bryozoa and Entoprocta. Kungliga fysiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, 65, 3 - 41." type="journal article" year="1954">Silén, 1954: 28</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 12, pl. 2, fig. 9.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE8FFD7FF46F9EF1FBAF918" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE8FFD7FF46F9EF1FBAF918" blockId="66.[151,1437,1660,1939]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE8FFD7FF46F9EF1DD4F935" bold="true" box="[151,384,1660,1686]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="73AF2B65FFE8FFD7FE56F9EF1FBAF918" collectingDate="1951-12-12" collectionCode="T" country="Australia" county="Expedition" location="Castle Rock" municipality="Gislen" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="LUZM 54" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFE8FFD7FE56F9EF1DBBF935" box="[391,495,1660,1686]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
by monotypy
<specimenCode id="93618943FFE8FFD7FD43F9EE1F52F934" box="[658,774,1660,1687]" collectionCode="LUZM" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">LUZM 54</specimenCode>
, off
<location id="C61877E3FFE8FFD7FCE8F9EF1F90F935" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFFE8FFD0FF46FA5E1F7DFADA:C61877E3FFE8FFD7FCE8F9EF1F90F935" box="[825,964,1660,1686]" country="Australia" county="Expedition" municipality="Gislen" name="Castle Rock" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Western Australia">Castle Rock</location>
, near
<location id="C61877E3FFE8FFD7FBD7F9EE1890F935" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFFE8FFD0FF46FA5E1F7DFADA:C61877E3FFE8FFD7FBD7F9EE1890F935" box="[1030,1220,1660,1687]" country="Australia" county="Expedition" municipality="Gislen" name="Cape Naturaliste" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" stateProvince="Western Australia">Cape Naturaliste</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="0103EFDAFFE8FFD7FB1FF9EE19CDF935" box="[1230,1433,1660,1687]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
. Leg. Prof.
<collectionCode id="A5D6B9FDFFE8FFD7FEDFF9321D74F918" box="[270,288,1697,1723]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="231CBB42FFE8FFD7FEFAF9331D23F919" box="[299,375,1696,1722]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Gislén</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="BBD061A8FFE8FFD7FE50F9331DBCF919" box="[385,488,1696,1722]" name="Australia" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Australia</collectingCountry>
<collectingCounty id="2A1959B4FFE8FFD7FE3EF9331E3EF919" box="[495,618,1696,1722]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Expedition</collectingCounty>
1951–1952, collected
<date id="B77907F8FFE8FFD7FCB8F9331FBFF918" box="[873,1003,1696,1723]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="1951-12-12">
<collectingDate id="A73DFE10FFE8FFD7FCB8F9331FBFF918" box="[873,1003,1696,1723]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="1951-12-12">12.12.1951</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE8FFD0FF16F9571F6DFB96" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE8FFD7FF16F9571D26F884" blockId="66.[151,1437,1660,1939]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE8FFD7FF16F9571D0DF97D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1732,1758]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Description.</emphasis>
Colony erect, rigid, reticulate;
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFE8FFD7FD7FF9571F44F97D" box="[686,784,1732,1758]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE8FFD7FC55F9561FEEF97C" box="[900,954,1733,1759]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
high and 2.8 ×
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE8FFD7FBB0F95718FFF97C" box="[1121,1195,1732,1759]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
in diameter (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE8FFD7FAEAF95719C8F97D" box="[1339,1436,1732,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="67.[151,250,1159,1183]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1135]" captionTargetId="figure-20@67.[157,1430,181,1135]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 36. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia.A. General view of the colony; scale bar 1 cm. B. Labels accompanying the specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209174/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 36A</figureCitation>
hand specimen); fenestrae oval, 0.5–0.7 ×
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE8FFD7FDA4F97B1F4FF8A0" box="[629,795,1768,1795]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.45" valueMin="0.25">0.25–0.45 mm</quantity>
, and trabeculae consisting of 2–7 alternating autozooidal series (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE8FFD7FF37F89F1D30F884" box="[230,356,1804,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 37A, I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE8FFD7FF16F8A31ECEF830" blockId="66.[151,1437,1660,1939]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
Autozooids flask-shaped, longer than wide (mean L/
<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFE8FFD7FCC1F8A21F37F8E8" box="[784,867,1841,1867]" degrees="1.80" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" precision="555" value="-1.8">W 1.80</geoCoordinate>
), boundaries indistinct (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE8FFD7FBBEF8A318A0F8E8" box="[1135,1268,1840,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 37B, C</figureCitation>
); frontal shield tubercular, flat, imperforate except for a few sparse, small, round to elliptical pores along the lateral and proximal margins, 12–25 µm in diameter (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE8FFD7FDD6F8EB1EDAF830" box="[519,654,1912,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 37C–E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="97B871B0FFE9FFD6FF46FB141EDEFB67" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209174/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" startId="67.[151,250,1159,1183]" targetBox="[157,1430,181,1135]" targetPageId="67" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE9FFD6FF46FB141EDEFB67" blockId="67.[151,1437,1159,1220]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF46FB141D4BFB03" bold="true" box="[151,287,1159,1184]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE9FFD6FEF5FB1B1EC7FB03" authority="Silen, 1954" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1954" box="[292,659,1160,1184]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FEF5FB1B1E4CFB3C" box="[292,536,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Triphyllozoon cornutum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFE9FFD6FDCCFB1B1EC7FB03" author="Silen, L." box="[541,659,1160,1184]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="3 - 41" refId="ref64117" refString="Silen, L. (1954) Report from Professor T. Gislen's Expedition to Australia in 1951 - 1952. No. 12, Bryozoa and Entoprocta. Kungliga fysiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, 65, 3 - 41." type="journal article" year="1954">Silén, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of the colony; scale bar 1 cm. B. Labels accompanying the specimen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="97B871B0FFE9FFD6FF46FB6018C4FAAF" box="[151,1168,1267,1292]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" startId="67.[151,239,1267,1291]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE9FFD6FF46FB6018C4FAAF" blockId="67.[151,1168,1267,1292]" box="[151,1168,1267,1292]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF46FB601D4CFAAF" bold="true" box="[151,280,1267,1292]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">TABLE 33.</emphasis>
Measurements in µm of
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE9FFD6FDF5FB671FFCFAAF" authority="Silen, 1954" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1954" box="[548,936,1268,1292]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FDF5FB671F70FAA8" box="[548,804,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Triphyllozoon cornutum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFE9FFD6FCFAFB671FFCFAAF" author="Silen, L." box="[811,936,1268,1292]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="3 - 41" refId="ref64117" refString="Silen, L. (1954) Report from Professor T. Gislen's Expedition to Australia in 1951 - 1952. No. 12, Bryozoa and Entoprocta. Kungliga fysiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, 65, 3 - 41." type="journal article" year="1954">Silén, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Holotype LUZM 54.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE9FFD6FE52FA8F196BF814" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<table id="B1C7D398FFE9006AFF72FA88191FF81B" box="[163,1355,1307,1976]" colsContinueFrom="66.[163,1358,912,1258]" colsContinueIn="70.[163,1364,1488,1995]" gridcols="6" gridrows="17" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72FA88191FFA97" box="[163,1355,1307,1332]" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52FA881E07FA97" box="[387,595,1307,1332]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FE52FA8F1E07FA90" bold="true" box="[387,595,1307,1332]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">N (zooids, colonies)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DFA881EAEFA97" box="[700,762,1307,1332]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FD6DFA8F1EAEFA97" bold="true" box="[700,762,1308,1332]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Mean</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43FA881FEDFA97" box="[914,953,1307,1332]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FC44FA881FE1FA90" bold="true" box="[917,949,1307,1331]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">SD</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83FA88182BFA97" box="[1106,1151,1307,1332]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FB83FA88182BFA90" bold="true" box="[1106,1151,1307,1331]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Min</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBFA88191FFA97" box="[1306,1355,1307,1332]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FACBFA8F191FFA97" bold="true" box="[1306,1355,1308,1332]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Max</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72FAD7191FFAFF" box="[163,1355,1348,1372]" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72FAD71D65FAFF" box="[163,305,1348,1372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72FAD71C91FAFF" bold="true" box="[163,197,1348,1372]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">ZL</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52FAD71E07FAFF" box="[387,595,1348,1372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">10, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DFAD71EAEFAFF" box="[700,762,1348,1372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">419</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43FAD71FEDFAFF" box="[914,953,1348,1372]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±34</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83FAD7182BFAFF" box="[1106,1151,1348,1372]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">357</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBFAD7191FFAFF" box="[1306,1355,1348,1372]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">469</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72FAFF191FFA27" box="[163,1355,1388,1412]" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72FAFF1D65FA27" box="[163,305,1388,1412]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72FAFF1C99FA27" bold="true" box="[163,205,1388,1412]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">ZW</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52FAFF1E07FA27" box="[387,595,1388,1412]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">10, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DFAFF1EAEFA27" box="[700,762,1388,1412]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">232</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43FAFF1FEDFA27" box="[914,953,1388,1412]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±24</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83FAFF182BFA27" box="[1106,1151,1388,1412]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">187</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBFAFF191FFA27" box="[1306,1355,1388,1412]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">262</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72FA07191FFA0E" box="[163,1355,1428,1453]" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72FA071D65FA0E" box="[163,305,1428,1453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72FA071C80FA0F" bold="true" box="[163,212,1428,1452]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">OvL</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52FA071E07FA0E" box="[387,595,1428,1453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">20, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DFA071EAEFA0E" box="[700,762,1428,1453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">284</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43FA071FEDFA0E" box="[914,953,1428,1453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±18</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83FA07182BFA0E" box="[1106,1151,1428,1453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">244</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBFA07191FFA0E" box="[1306,1355,1428,1453]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">311</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72FA2F191FFA76" box="[163,1355,1468,1493]" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72FA2F1D65FA76" box="[163,305,1468,1493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72FA2F1C89FA77" bold="true" box="[163,221,1468,1492]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">OvW</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52FA2F1E07FA76" box="[387,595,1468,1493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">20, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DFA2F1EAEFA76" box="[700,762,1468,1493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">244</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43FA2F1FEDFA76" box="[914,953,1468,1493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±22</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83FA2F182BFA76" box="[1106,1151,1468,1493]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">206</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBFA2F191FFA76" box="[1306,1355,1468,1493]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">280</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72FA77191FFA5E" box="[163,1355,1508,1533]" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72FA771D65FA5E" box="[163,305,1508,1533]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72FA771D7CFA5F" bold="true" box="[163,296,1508,1532]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvL (type 1)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52FA771E07FA5E" box="[387,595,1508,1533]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">16, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DFA771EAEFA5E" box="[700,762,1508,1533]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">48</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43FA771FEDFA5E" box="[914,953,1508,1533]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±4</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83FA77182BFA5E" box="[1106,1151,1508,1533]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">40</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBFA77191FFA5E" box="[1306,1355,1508,1533]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">56</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F99F191FF986" box="[163,1355,1548,1573]" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F99F1D65F986" box="[163,305,1548,1573]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F99F1D65F987" bold="true" box="[163,305,1548,1572]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvW (type 1)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F99F1E07F986" box="[387,595,1548,1573]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">16, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF99F1EAEF986" box="[700,762,1548,1573]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">44</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F99F1FEDF986" box="[914,953,1548,1573]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±5</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F99F182BF986" box="[1106,1151,1548,1573]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">37</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF99F191FF986" box="[1306,1355,1548,1573]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F9A6191FF9EE" box="[163,1355,1589,1613]" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F9A61D65F9EE" box="[163,305,1589,1613]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F9A61D7CF9EE" bold="true" box="[163,296,1589,1613]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvL (type 2)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F9A61E07F9EE" box="[387,595,1589,1613]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">15, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF9A61EAEF9EE" box="[700,762,1589,1613]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">87</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F9A61FEDF9EE" box="[914,953,1589,1613]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±9</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F9A6182BF9EE" box="[1106,1151,1589,1613]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">67</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF9A6191FF9EE" box="[1306,1355,1589,1613]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">106</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F9CE191FF9D5" box="[163,1355,1629,1654]" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F9CE1D65F9D5" box="[163,305,1629,1654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F9CE1D65F9D6" bold="true" box="[163,305,1629,1653]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvW (type 2)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F9CE1E07F9D5" box="[387,595,1629,1654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">15, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF9CE1EAEF9D5" box="[700,762,1629,1654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">55</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F9CE1FEDF9D5" box="[914,953,1629,1654]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±7</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F9CE182BF9D5" box="[1106,1151,1629,1654]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">41</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF9CE191FF9D5" box="[1306,1355,1629,1654]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">72</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F916191FF93D" box="[163,1355,1669,1694]" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F9161D65F93D" box="[163,305,1669,1694]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F9161D7CF93E" bold="true" box="[163,296,1669,1693]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvL (type 3)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F9161E07F93D" box="[387,595,1669,1694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">5, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF9161EAEF93D" box="[700,762,1669,1694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">259</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F9161FEDF93D" box="[914,953,1669,1694]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±22</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F916182BF93D" box="[1106,1151,1669,1694]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">224</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF916191FF93D" box="[1306,1355,1669,1694]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">284</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F93E191FF965" box="[163,1355,1709,1734]" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F93E1D65F965" box="[163,305,1709,1734]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F93E1D65F966" bold="true" box="[163,305,1709,1733]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvW (type 3)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F93E1E07F965" box="[387,595,1709,1734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">5, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF93E1EAEF965" box="[700,762,1709,1734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">135</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F93E1FEDF965" box="[914,953,1709,1734]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±11</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F93E182BF965" box="[1106,1151,1709,1734]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">122</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF93E191FF965" box="[1306,1355,1709,1734]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">148</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F945191FF94D" box="[163,1355,1750,1774]" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F9451D65F94D" box="[163,305,1750,1774]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F9451D7CF94D" bold="true" box="[163,296,1750,1774]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvL (type 4)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F9451E07F94D" box="[387,595,1750,1774]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">10, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF9451EAEF94D" box="[700,762,1750,1774]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">61</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F9451FEDF94D" box="[914,953,1750,1774]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±5</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F945182BF94D" box="[1106,1151,1750,1774]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">50</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF945191FF94D" box="[1306,1355,1750,1774]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">68</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F96D191FF8B4" box="[163,1355,1790,1815]" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F96D1D65F8B4" box="[163,305,1790,1815]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F96D1D65F8B5" bold="true" box="[163,305,1790,1814]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvW (type 4)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F96D1E07F8B4" box="[387,595,1790,1815]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">10, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF96D1EAEF8B4" box="[700,762,1790,1815]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">57</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F96D1FEDF8B4" box="[914,953,1790,1815]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±6</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F96D182BF8B4" box="[1106,1151,1790,1815]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">47</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF96D191FF8B4" box="[1306,1355,1790,1815]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">65</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F8B5191FF89C" box="[163,1355,1830,1855]" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F8B51D65F89C" box="[163,305,1830,1855]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F8B51D7CF89D" bold="true" box="[163,296,1830,1854]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvL (type 5)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F8B51E07F89C" box="[387,595,1830,1855]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">18, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF8B51EAEF89C" box="[700,762,1830,1855]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">97</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F8B51FEDF89C" box="[914,953,1830,1855]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±19</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F8B5182BF89C" box="[1106,1151,1830,1855]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">65</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF8B5191FF89C" box="[1306,1355,1830,1855]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">142</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F8DD191FF8C4" box="[163,1355,1870,1895]" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F8DD1D65F8C4" box="[163,305,1870,1895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F8DD1D65F8C5" bold="true" box="[163,305,1870,1894]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvW (type 5)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F8DD1E07F8C4" box="[387,595,1870,1895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">18, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF8DD1EAEF8C4" box="[700,762,1870,1895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">59</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F8DD1FEDF8C4" box="[914,953,1870,1895]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±10</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F8DD182BF8C4" box="[1106,1151,1870,1895]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">44</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF8DD191FF8C4" box="[1306,1355,1870,1895]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">80</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F8E4191FF82C" box="[163,1355,1911,1935]" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F8E41D65F82C" box="[163,305,1911,1935]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F8E41D7CF82C" bold="true" box="[163,296,1911,1935]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvL (type 6)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F8E41E07F82C" box="[387,595,1911,1935]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">20, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF8E41EAEF82C" box="[700,762,1911,1935]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">188</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F8E41FEDF82C" box="[914,953,1911,1935]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±9</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F8E4182BF82C" box="[1106,1151,1911,1935]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">178</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF8E4191FF82C" box="[1306,1355,1911,1935]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">200</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE9006AFF72F80C191FF81B" box="[163,1355,1951,1976]" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<th id="3E264A06FFE9006AFF72F80C1D65F81B" box="[163,305,1951,1976]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE9FFD6FF72F80C1D65F814" bold="true" box="[163,305,1951,1975]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AvW (type 6)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFE52F80C1E07F81B" box="[387,595,1951,1976]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">20, 1</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFD6DF80C1EAEF81B" box="[700,762,1951,1976]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">89</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFC43F80C1FEDF81B" box="[914,953,1951,1976]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">±5</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFB83F80C182BF81B" box="[1106,1151,1951,1976]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">82</td>
<td id="3E264A06FFE9006AFACBF80C191FF81B" box="[1306,1355,1951,1976]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">95</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="97B871B0FFEEFFD1FF46F93F19D3F846" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" startId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" targetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" targetPageId="68" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFEEFFD1FF46F93F19D3F846" blockId="68.[151,1437,1708,2021]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEEFFD1FF46F93F1D76F967" bold="true" box="[151,290,1708,1732]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFEEFFD1FEFBF93F1EF6F967" authority="Silen, 1954" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1954" box="[298,674,1708,1732]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEEFFD1FEFBF93F1E75F967" box="[298,545,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Triphyllozoon cornutum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEEFFD1FDF8F93F1EF6F967" author="Silen, L." box="[553,674,1708,1732]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="3 - 41" refId="ref64117" refString="Silen, L. (1954) Report from Professor T. Gislen's Expedition to Australia in 1951 - 1952. No. 12, Bryozoa and Entoprocta. Kungliga fysiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, 65, 3 - 41." type="journal article" year="1954">Silén, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C3782138FFEFFFD0FF16FF04186AFEBE" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Peristome relatively well developed proximally, the two lobes not fusing, forming a deep (40–50 µm), teardrop- or funnel-shaped median pseudosinus (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FD9EFF281E8CFF76" box="[591,728,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37E, H</figureCitation>
); frequently a small, elliptical avicularium enclosed on the rim of one lobe; two oral spines placed laterally at level with the distal margin of the primary orifice, visible in some zooids (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FF21FE901D03FEBE" box="[240,343,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37H</figureCitation>
), about 15 µm in diameter at the base; secondary orifice elliptical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3782138FFEFFFD0FF16FEB41F80FCB6" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Avicularia adventitious, numerous. On the frontal side of the colony
<specimenCount id="D5C1EAB1FFEFFFD0FC34FEB4180CFEE2" box="[997,1112,295,321]" count="4" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="generic" typeStatus="types">four types</specimenCount>
distinguishable by position, shape and size:
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FE9BFED81D2EFEC6" box="[330,378,331,357]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
(1) small peristomial avicularium placed on the proximal rim on either side, frequent, almost on every zooid, elliptical to subcircular with finely denticulate rostrum directed distolaterally (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FB7EFEFC190CFE2A" box="[1199,1368,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37C, D, H</figureCitation>
);
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FABDFEFC19C8FE2A" box="[1388,1436,367,393]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
(2) medium-sized, figure-eight-shaped frontal avicularia, frequent, present in the majority of zooids, one or two per zooid, one placed horizontally at zooidal mid-length and directed laterally, the other centred proximally and proximally directed (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FE59FE481DA5FE56" box="[392,497,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37C</figureCitation>
);
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FDD9FE481E6CFE56" box="[520,568,475,501]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
(3) large lozenge-shaped frontal avicularia placed obliquely and occupying almost the whole frontal shield of the zooid, rare (five observed in a portion of colony consisting of 100 zooids), with raised rostrum either acutely triangular (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FD74FDB01F7BFD9E" box="[677,815,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37D, E</figureCitation>
) or slightly spatulate and spoon-shaped (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FADCFDB019C0FD9E" box="[1293,1428,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37F, G</figureCitation>
) directed distolaterally or proximolaterally;
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FD56FDD41EE3FDC2" box="[647,695,583,609]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
(4) small ooecium-associated avicularia, rare (15 observed in a portion of colony having about 80 ooecia), oval, placed on a raised cystid and directed randomly (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FB30FDF81933FD26" box="[1249,1383,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37B, E</figureCitation>
). On the dorsal side of the colony two varieties distinguishable by shape and size:
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FC3FFD1C184AFD0A" box="[1006,1054,655,681]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
(5) small to medium-sized figure-eight-shaped avicularia similar to those observed on the frontal shield, frequent, usually placed around the fenestrae (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FF4EFD441CA8FD52" box="[159,252,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37I</figureCitation>
), sometimes forming clusters (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FD84FD441EE0FD52" box="[597,692,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37J</figureCitation>
), randomly directed;
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FC72FD441F87FD52" box="[931,979,727,753]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
(6) large lozenge-shaped avicularia with lanceolate rostrum (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FEA7FD681D8AFCB6" box="[374,478,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37K</figureCitation>
), rare. All avicularia with complete crossbar.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3782138FFEFFFD0FF16FC8C1E1EFC6A" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Ovicell hyperstomial, prominent; ooecium slightly longer than wide (mean L/
<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFEFFFD0FB9BFC8C18F6FC9A" box="[1098,1186,799,825]" degrees="1.16" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="555" value="-1.16">W 1.16</geoCoordinate>
), frontal smooth with trifoliate dentate suture, the median suture longer (125–185 µm) than the lateral sutures (left suture 35–95 µm; right suture 60–100 µm) but similar in width (25–45 µm), mostly diverging at 160–180° (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FB56FCF41945FC22" box="[1159,1297,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37A–C</figureCitation>
); sometimes avicularia lodged in the two distolateral sectors of the ooecium outlined by the suture placed on pillar-like cystids (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FF4EFC3C1D51FC6A" box="[159,261,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37E</figureCitation>
). Labellum short and square.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3782138FFEFFFD0FF16FC401F6DFB96" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Dorsal side coarsely granular (granules diameter 20–25 µm), with vertical and oblique vibices (25 µm wide), outlining sub-rectangular sectors, and numerous avicularia of
<specimenCount id="D5C1EAB1FFEFFFD0FCA3FC641FB0FBB2" box="[882,996,1015,1041]" count="2" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
as described above, most commonly surrounding the fenestrae and often in clusters (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FD7DFB881F78FB96" box="[684,812,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37I–K</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFEFFFD0FF16FBAC1F7DFADA" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C3782138FFEFFFD0FF16FBAC1CAFFAAE" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEFFFD0FF16FBAC1D6FFBFA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1087,1113]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Remarks.</emphasis>
Out of 35 species of
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFEFFFD0FDE0FBAC1E99FBFA" authorityName="Canu &amp; Bassler" authorityYear="1917" box="[561,717,1087,1113]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEFFFD0FDE0FBAC1E99FBFA" box="[561,717,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Triphyllozoon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known to date, 15 were described from
<collectingCountry id="BBD061A8FFEFFFD0FB48FBAC1954FBFA" box="[1177,1280,1087,1113]" name="Australia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FADEFBAC19C5FBFA" author="Bock, P. E." box="[1295,1425,1087,1113]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref57091" refString="Bock, P. E. (2023) The Bryozoa Homepage. Recent and Fossil Bryozoa. Available from: http: // bryozoa. net / (accessed 13 June 2023)" type="url" year="2023">Bock 2023</bibRefCitation>
). In the thorough revision of the
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FDD6FBF01E63FBDE" box="[519,567,1123,1149]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
material of Australian phidoloporids undertaken by
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FB4BFBF0191BFBDE" author="Hayward, P. J." box="[1178,1359,1123,1149]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="219 - 240" refId="ref60088" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1999) Taxonomic studies on some Australian Phidoloporidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida). Journal of Zoology, London, 249, 219 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1999. tb 00760. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Hayward (1999</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FA8CFBF019CCFBDE" author="Hayward, P. J." box="[1373,1432,1123,1149]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="109 - 136" refId="ref60140" refString="Hayward, P. J. (2000) Lace corals (Bryozoa: Phidoloporidae) from Australia and the tropical south-west Pacific. Journal of Zoology, London, 252, 109 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.2000. tb 00825. x" type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FF46FB141C87FB02" author="Hayward, P. J." box="[151,211,1159,1185]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="305 - 326" refId="ref60195" refString="Hayward, P. J. (2004) Taxonomic studies on some Indo-West Pacific Phidoloporidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Systematics and Biodiversity, 1, 305 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477200003001191" type="journal article" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
), the four species of
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFEFFFD0FE6DFB141E0CFB02" authorityName="Canu &amp; Bassler" authorityYear="1917" box="[444,600,1159,1185]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEFFFD0FE6DFB141E0CFB02" box="[444,600,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Triphyllozoon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FD25FB141F2CFB02" author="Silen, L." box="[756,888,1159,1185]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref63796" refString="Silen, L. (1943) Australian Bryozoa collected by Dr J. Mauritzon, 1936. Kungliga Fysiografiska sallskapets; Lund forhandlingar, 12, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1943">Silén (1943</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FC55FB151FE9FB02" author="Silen, L." box="[900,957,1158,1185]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="3 - 41" refId="ref64117" refString="Silen, L. (1954) Report from Professor T. Gislen's Expedition to Australia in 1951 - 1952. No. 12, Bryozoa and Entoprocta. Kungliga fysiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, 65, 3 - 41." type="journal article" year="1954">1954</bibRefCitation>
) were not included. Specifically,
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FAE7FB141C8FFB66" author="Hayward, P. J." pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="305 - 326" refId="ref60195" refString="Hayward, P. J. (2004) Taxonomic studies on some Indo-West Pacific Phidoloporidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Systematics and Biodiversity, 1, 305 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477200003001191" type="journal article" year="2004">Hayward (2004</bibRefCitation>
, p. 325) pointed out that
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFEFFFD0FE2FFB381ED2FB67" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1954" box="[510,646,1195,1220]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEFFFD0FE2FFB381ED2FB67" box="[510,646,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">T. cornutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFEFFFD0FD47FB381F78FB67" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1943" box="[662,812,1195,1220]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mauritzoni">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEFFFD0FD47FB381F78FB67" box="[662,812,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">T. mauritzoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFEFFFD0FCB7FB38186CFB67" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1954" box="[870,1080,1195,1220]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Triphyllozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="microstigmatum">
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFEFFFD0FCB7FB38186CFB67" box="[870,1080,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">T. microstigmatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were either not collected since their introduction or not recognized from Silén’s descriptions and figures, hence the need to re-examine the
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFEFFFD0FABDFB5C19C8FB4A" box="[1388,1436,1231,1257]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">type</typeStatus>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3782138FFEFFFD0FF16FA841F7DFADA" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,1401]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
The “sometimes large, bicuspid, horizontal avicularium with acute mandible on the basal surface above or below a fenestra” described by
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFEFFFD0FDD8FAA81EC6FAF6" author="Silen, L." box="[521,658,1338,1365]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="3 - 41" refId="ref64117" refString="Silen, L. (1954) Report from Professor T. Gislen's Expedition to Australia in 1951 - 1952. No. 12, Bryozoa and Entoprocta. Kungliga fysiografiska Sallskapets Handlingar, 65, 3 - 41." type="journal article" year="1954">Silén (1954</bibRefCitation>
, p. 28) was not observed, while the frontal avicularia described as interzooidal seem to be instead adventitious (
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFEFFFD0FD40FACC1F48FADA" box="[657,796,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@68.[272,1316,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 37. Triphyllozoon cornutum Silén, 1954. Holotype LUZM 54, Western Australia. A. General view of a portion of the colony. B. Group of ovicellate zooids showing suboral and frontal adventitious avicularia of different size and shape. C. Close-up of ooecia and frontal adventitious avicularia. D. Close-up of the large, frontal, lozenge-shaped avicularium directed distolaterally and suboral avicularium with denticulate rostrum. E. Close-up of ooecia with associated avicularia and large frontal lozenge-shaped avicularium directed proximolaterally. F, G. Lateral close-ups of large frontal avicularia either directed distolaterally or proximolaterally, showing the raised rostrum with raised lateral wings of calcification. H. Close-up of the secondary orifice with peristomial avicularium and two lateral spine bases visible only in some zooids. I. General view of the dorsal side of the colony fragment. J. Close-up of the figure-eight-shaped dorsal avicularia. K. Close-up of the lozenge-shaped dorsal avicularium. Scale bars: A, I = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C = 300 µm; D, G, H = 100 µm; E = 250 µm; F, J = 200 µm; K = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209178/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37D–G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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