217 lines
32 KiB
XML
217 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="4E1C7F3E32836C98F6C25014E936480A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5379.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209083" ID-ZooBank="430102D2-4EAA-41B3-B57F-CC532F929DA3" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1701074983827" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di" docDate="2023" docId="4B6E902EFF9BFFA7FF46FEB119D1FCFE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5379.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5379 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5379.1.1/52354" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Beania discodermiae subsp. boninensis Silen 1941" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="B757E856FFAAFF95FFD1FF931C54FFA3" masterDocTitle="Scanning electron microscopy study of Lars Silén’s cheilostome bryozoan type specimens in the historical collections of natural history museums in Sweden" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1701076047985" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4FBC5617195E11EF54D91A81EE0F4988">Scanning electron microscopy study of Lars Silén’s cheilostome bryozoan type specimens in the historical collections of natural history museums in Sweden</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5E9BE6CF963531BC6B870CD883926124">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="62AF4091701B0E97022837EBB3C5E980">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CD49E0B987E45AD44D2BAB4450FC2B32">
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<mods:date id="55945F32A6B8432117D7EF3B8D8203E1">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="32540EDEC7F60D4D2D028AB0CEA077C4">2023-11-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BFC69058060A911638063B18081135DB">5379</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="65597128FAC65C95FF1A0D1F588A810C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9BC056724566A9C3FC6D922687FBCAB4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5379.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7CC482AF9041B4D35AE05D453AABCD09" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4B6E902EFF9BFFA7FF46FEB119D1FCFE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFF9BFFA7FF46FEB119D1FCFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B6E902EFF9BFFA7FF46FEB119D1FCFE" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FF9BFFA4FF46FEB11EF9FE9F" box="[151,685,289,316]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF46FEB11EF9FE9F" blockId="49.[151,685,289,353]" box="[151,685,289,316]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="98309654FF9BFFA4FF46FEB11EF9FE9F" bold="true" box="[151,685,289,316]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF9BFFA4FF46FEB11EF9FE9F" ID-CoL="5DMMG" authority="Silen, 1941" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,685,289,316]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subSpecies" species="discodermiae" subSpecies="boninensis">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FF46FEB11EF9FE9F" bold="true" box="[151,685,289,316]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FF46FEB11E4AFE9F" bold="true" box="[151,542,289,316]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Beania discodermiae boninensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF9BFFA4FDF7FEB21EF9FE9F" author="Silen, L." box="[550,685,289,316]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref63698" refString="Silen, L. (1941) Cheilostomata Anasca (Bryozoa) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 33 A, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1941">Silén, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FF9BFFA4FF46FED51D3CFEC3" box="[151,360,326,353]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF46FED51D3CFEC3" blockId="49.[151,685,289,353]" box="[151,360,326,353]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF9BFFA4FF4EFED51CA7FEC2" box="[159,243,326,353]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="8E451483FF9BFFA4FF2FFED51D34FEC3" box="[254,352,326,352]" captionStart="TABLE 23" captionStartId="50.[151,239,903,927]" captionText="TABLE 23. Measurements in µm of Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) and paralectotypes UPSZTY 2456A–C." pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Table 23</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FF9BFFA4FF46FE181F11FE01" box="[151,837,394,418]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF46FE181F11FE01" blockId="49.[151,837,394,418]" box="[151,837,394,418]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3D70616FF9BFFA4FF46FE181F11FE01" box="[151,837,394,418]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<treatmentCitation id="42660729FF9BFFA4FF46FE181EFAFE01" author="Silen, L." box="[151,686,394,418]" page="95" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1941">
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF9BFFA4FF46FE181EFAFE01" ID-CoL="5DMMG" authority="Silen, 1941: 95" authorityName="Silen" authorityPageNumber="95" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,686,394,418]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="variety" species="discodermiae" variety="boninensis">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FF46FE181D39FE01" box="[151,365,394,418]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Beania discodermiae</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FE71FE191E58FE01" box="[416,524,394,418]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">boninensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF9BFFA4FDC3FE191EFAFE01" author="Silen, L." box="[530,686,394,418]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref63698" refString="Silen, L. (1941) Cheilostomata Anasca (Bryozoa) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 33 A, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1941">Silén, 1941: 95</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 120–123.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FF9BFFA4FF46FE431EF9FD91" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF46FE431EF9FD91" blockId="49.[151,1437,464,887]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FF46FE431D2BFE49" bold="true" box="[151,383,464,490]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="73AF2B65FF9BFFA4FE55FE421C86FD90" collectionCode="UPSZTY" collectorName="Leg. Prof. S. Bock" country="Japan" elevation="118" location="Bonin Islands" municipality="Chichijima" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="UPSZTY 2456" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFF9BFFA4FE55FE421DA0FE48" box="[388,500,465,491]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(designated here)
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<specimenCode id="93618943FF9BFFA4FD6EFE421F33FE48" box="[703,871,464,491]" collectionCode="UPSZTY" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">UPSZTY 2456</specimenCode>
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A, the best preserved specimen among the
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<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFF9BFFA4FAEBFE4219C8FE48" box="[1338,1436,465,491]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode id="93618943FF9BFFA4FF46FE661D14FDAC" box="[151,320,500,527]" collectionCode="UPSZTY" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">UPSZTY 2456</specimenCode>
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A–C,
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<location id="C61877E3FF9BFFA4FE51FE671E4DFDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFF9BFFA7FF46FEB119D1FCFE:C61877E3FF9BFFA4FE51FE671E4DFDAD" box="[384,537,500,526]" country="Japan" municipality="Chichijima" name="Bonin Islands" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bonin Islands</location>
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(Ogasawara), east from
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<collectingMunicipality id="231CBB42FF9BFFA4FCF8FE671FFCFDAD" box="[809,936,500,526]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Chichijima</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BBD061A8FF9BFFA4FC62FE661FA2FDAC" box="[947,1014,501,527]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
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; depth
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<quantity id="043F8CDDFF9BFFA4FB95FE671891FDAC" box="[1092,1221,500,527]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="117.5" valueMax="135.0" valueMin="100.0">
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<elevation id="48EAC60BFF9BFFA4FB95FE671891FDAC" box="[1092,1221,500,527]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="117.5" valueMax="135.0" valueMin="100.0">100–135 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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.
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<collectorName id="6E3244EEFF9BFFA4FB1EFE6619C8FDAD" box="[1231,1436,500,527]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Leg. Prof. S. Bock</collectorName>
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1914
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFF9BFFA4FF0CFD8B1DD1FD91" box="[221,389,536,562]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
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: the remaining specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FF9BFFA7FF16FDAF1D97FEC6" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF16FDAF1D63FDD8" blockId="49.[151,1437,464,887]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FF16FDAF1D0DFDF5" bold="true" box="[199,345,572,598]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Description.</emphasis>
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Colony loosely encrusting, reticulate, supported above the substrate, and fixed to it, by rootlets (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF9BFFA4FF4EFDF31D7EFDD8" box="[159,298,608,635]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 25A, D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF16FD171ECBFCA9" blockId="49.[151,1437,464,887]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Autozooids elongate oval (mean L/
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<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFF9BFFA4FD99FD161ECEFD3C" box="[584,666,645,671]" degrees="2.20" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="555" value="-2.2">W2.20</geoCoordinate>
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), disjunct, each connected to the quincuncially arranged neighbours by six connecting tubes (230–275 µm long and 30–60 µm in diameter), one distal, two distolateral, two proximolateral, and one proximal (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF9BFFA4FEBFFD5F1D8CFD44" box="[366,472,716,743]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 25A</figureCitation>
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); frontal surface entirely occupied by the frontal membrane and the oval opesia (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF9BFFA4FABEFD5F1C9EFCA8" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
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); opercular region transversely D-shaped.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF16FC871838FCD4" blockId="49.[151,1437,464,887]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Opesial spines unjointed, thin (5–15 µm in diameter) and short (30–45 µm long), 3–4 erect spines placed distally and at least 8–10 spines placed laterally starting just below the opercular region, overarching the frontal membrane and opesia but not reaching the midline, no spines proximally (
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF9BFFA4FC07FCCF1834FCD4" box="[982,1120,860,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 25A–C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="97B871B0FF9BFFA4FF46F8E11FEDF854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" startId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" targetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" targetPageId="49" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FF9BFFA4FF46F8E11FEDF854" blockId="49.[151,1437,1906,2039]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FF46F8E11D4BF829" bold="true" box="[151,287,1906,1930]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 25.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF9BFFA4FEF4F8E01EBCF829" authority="Silen, 1941" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1941" box="[293,744,1906,1930]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subSpecies" species="discodermiae" subSpecies="boninensis">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF9BFFA4FEF4F8E01E38F829" box="[293,620,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Beania discodermiae boninensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF9BFFA4FDA3F8E11EBCF829" author="Silen, L." box="[626,744,1906,1930]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref63698" refString="Silen, L. (1941) Cheilostomata Anasca (Bryozoa) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 33 A, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1941">Silén, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FF98FFA7FF16FF041D52FEBE" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Single or paired, shortly pedunculate bird’s-head avicularia budding from distolateral vertical wall of each autozooid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF98FFA7FE87FF281E5CFF76" box="[342,520,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 25A, B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
); rostrum directed distolaterally, 135–190 µm long, strongly curved downward and sometimes with a thin denticulation laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF98FFA7FD39FF4C1F07FF5A" box="[744,851,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 25C</figureCitation>
|
||
); mandible needle-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF98FFA7FB45FF4C1971FF5A" box="[1172,1317,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 25A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); crossbar complete.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FF98FFA7FF16FEB41F83FEE2" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,983,294,321]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Dorsal side of autozooids concave, smooth and nodular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF98FFA7FC92FEB41F9FFEE2" box="[835,971,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 25D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FF98FFA7FF16FED81D97FEC6" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,451,331,357]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ovicells not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FF98FFA7FF16FEFC19D1FCFE" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FF98FFA7FF16FEFC1ECFFDC2" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF98FFA7FF16FEFC1D6FFE2A" bold="true" box="[199,315,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF98FFA7FE95FEFC1D84FE2A" author="Silen, L." box="[324,464,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref63698" refString="Silen, L. (1941) Cheilostomata Anasca (Bryozoa) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 33 A, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1941">Silén (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out the smaller size of both autozooids and avicularia as the main difference between this subspecies and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF98FFA7FE00FE001F2BFE0E" authority="(Ortmann, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Ortmann" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[465,895,403,429]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="discodermiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF98FFA7FE00FE001EE8FE0E" box="[465,700,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Beania discodermiae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF98FFA7FD18FE001F22FE0E" author="Ortmann, A." box="[713,886,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref62899" refString="Ortmann, A. (1890) Die Japanische Bryozoenfauna. Bericht uber die von Hern Dr. L. Doderlein in Jahre 1880 - 81, gemachten Sammlungen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 56, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1890">Ortmann, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF98FFA7FC59FE001844FE0E" author="Silen, L." box="[904,1040,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref63698" refString="Silen, L. (1941) Cheilostomata Anasca (Bryozoa) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 33 A, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1941">Silén (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
specified that in the new subspecies autozooids and avicularia were consistently four-fifths of those in the nominal species, probably based on his own observations. A revision of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFF98FFA7FDD9FE481E6CFE56" box="[520,568,475,501]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF98FFA7FD37FE481FF4FE56" baseAuthorityName="Ortmann" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[742,928,475,501]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="discodermiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF98FFA7FD37FE481FF4FE56" box="[742,928,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B. discodermiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is essential to ascertain the validity of this subspecies. Specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBD061A8FF98FFA7FE0BFE6C1E26FDBA" box="[474,626,511,537]" name="New Zealand" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, initially identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF98FFA7FCBAFE6C1911FDBA" authority="(Gordon 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Gordon" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[875,1349,511,537]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subSpecies" species="discodermiae" subSpecies="boninenis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF98FFA7FCBAFE6C18C1FDBA" box="[875,1173,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B. discodermiae boninenis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF98FFA7FB72FE6C1969FDBA" author="Gordon, D. P." box="[1187,1341,511,537]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref59184" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1984) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec Ridge. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 91, 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, belong to a distinct new species that differs in avicularium shape and possesses longer interdigitating lateral spines (D.P. Gordon, personal communication,
|
||
<date id="B77907F8FF98FFA7FDCCFDD41EDBFDC2" box="[541,655,583,609]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2023-07">July 2023</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FF98FFA7FF16FDF819D1FCFE" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
The cap-like ooecium, illustrated in fig. 123 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF98FFA7FD33FDF81F3AFD26" author="Silen, L." box="[738,878,619,645]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref63698" refString="Silen, L. (1941) Cheilostomata Anasca (Bryozoa) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 33 A, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1941">Silén (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and referred to a specimen from locality 32, was not observed in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFF98FFA7FEAEFD1C1DB5FD0A" box="[383,481,655,681]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
available, which are from locality 33 and 34. However, no material labelled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF98FFA7FA55FD1C1DF9FD6E" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1941" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="subSpecies" species="discodermiae" subSpecies="boninensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF98FFA7FA55FD1C1DF9FD6E" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B. discodermiae boninensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found from locality
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFF98FFA7FD15FD201EA9FD6E" box="[708,765,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.128" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="in" value="32.0">32 in</quantity>
|
||
the collection. Locality numbers refer to the list provided in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF98FFA7FF46FD441D73FD52" author="Silen, L." box="[151,295,727,753]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 130" refId="ref63698" refString="Silen, L. (1941) Cheilostomata Anasca (Bryozoa) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 33 A, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1941">Silén (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The autozooid in
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFF98FFA7FE29FD441E0FFD52" box="[504,603,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-208@49.[151,1436,910,1882]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 25. Beania discodermiae boninensis Silén, 1941. Lectotype (designated here) UPSZTY 2456A, Bonin Islands, Japan. A. Group of zooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid with paired pedunculate avicularia. C. Close-up of an avicularium in lateral view, showing the hooked, slightly serrated rostrum. D. Dorsal view of a group of zooids. E. Dorsal close-up of an autozooid and paired avicularia. Scale bars: A, D = 300 µm; B = 200 µm; C, E = 120 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209152/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 25C</figureCitation>
|
||
has a modified distal end compared to the other autozooids in the colony. The central distal spine is seemingly reduced, while the external distal spines, which appear more robust and arched than usual, are moved in a more lateral position. Modifications of the distal spines were observed in zooids of other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFF98FFA7FEDCFCD01D08FCFF" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1840" box="[269,348,835,860]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Beaniidae" genus="Beania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF98FFA7FEDCFCD01D08FCFF" box="[269,348,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Beania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having a vestigial ooecium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FF98FFA7FD4EFCD01F30FCFE" author="Souto, J. & Nascimento, K. B. & Reverter-Gil, O. & Vieira, L. M." box="[671,868,835,861]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1505 - 1518" refId="ref64805" refString="Souto, J., Nascimento, K. B., Reverter-Gil, O. & Vieira, L. M. (2018) Dismantling the Beania magellanica (Busk, 1852) species complex (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): two new species from European waters. Marine Biodiversity, 49, 1505 - 1518. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 018 - 0925 - 2" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Souto
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFF98FFA7FD38FCD01F76FCFE" box="[745,802,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), suggesting that this zooid might also be fertile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |