206 lines
24 KiB
XML
206 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="561C5CFE8901032FFE3E981239A8DF42" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.320220" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1866626c-f527-402a-8449-b0618086da67" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="320220" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460294480550" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M., Kaiser, Kirstie L. & Syoc, Robert Van" docDate="2011" docId="0D0987D3FFFEFFDC20A612F8EB6EFF42" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02839p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2839" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Haliclona (Gellius) violacea De Laubenfels 1950" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="F130FFABFFE0FFC32031165DE969FFB5" masterDocTitle="Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1698252032678" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="68B463A5402D8F7028FE1933CBDD81ED">
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<mods:title id="4C095053EACFCF85BDC770A9BC01BFEC">Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C4FAC7B7FE325158CAE112FD90D314FB">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F6EE68C93FC55D978F4A3DEF36793263">Kaiser, Kirstie L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A385C90220A68D6ABBB54653624772F4">Syoc, Robert Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3C029917A8480D85FDFEE5139E40F2B9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D7A13D630F3CD3B554B532FB73DC876A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="ED0072C7AFE7F7D3159B39CE0AEEDB0F">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4E7E688620E47679ED75D9E5CF6863EE">2839</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="35A828B38E7CB2EE05890438E3972790" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.320220</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0D0987D3FFFEFFDC20A612F8EB6EFF42" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5623679" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119399153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5623679" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D0987D3FFFEFFDC20A612F8EB6EFF42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D0987D3FFFEFFDC20A612F8EB6EFF42" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFFEFFDD20A612F8E85DFB6A" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20A612F8EB99FB0A" blockId="30.[151,752,1189,1247]" box="[151,752,1189,1215]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<heading id="DE5781A9FFFEFFDD20A612F8EB99FB0A" bold="true" box="[151,752,1189,1215]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFEFFDD20A612F8EB99FB0A" ID-CoL="3JCCC" authority="De Laubenfels, 1950" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,752,1189,1215]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="violacea" subGenus="Gellius">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20A612F8EB99FB0A" bold="true" box="[151,752,1189,1215]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20A612F8E882FB0A" bold="true" box="[151,491,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Haliclona (Gellius) violacea</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD21C312F8EB7DFB0A" box="[498,532,1189,1215]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
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<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFEFFDD222D12F8EB99FB0A" author="Laubenfels" box="[540,752,1189,1215]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1950) The sponges of Kaneohe Bay, Oahu. Pacific Science, 4,3 - 36." type="book" year="1950">Laubenfels, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20A6129AE85DFB6A" blockId="30.[151,752,1189,1247]" box="[151,308,1223,1247]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFFEFFDD20AE129AE99BFB6A" box="[159,242,1223,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="31.[151,249,1171,1194]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,303,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[169,1418,303,1149]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 14. Haliclona (Gellius) violacea (De Laubenfels, 1950), specimen USNM 22658, A. habit, originally identified as Haliclona enamela De Laubenfels, 1930 by De Laubenfels (1939), B. light microscopic view of surface skeleton showing unispicular arrangement of the spicules, scale bar = 100 µm, C. oxeas, D. toxas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/320251/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 14</figureCitation>
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A–D)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFFEFFDD20A6134DEBCDFAF1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20A6134DEBCDFAF1" blockId="30.[151,1112,1296,1349]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A5B011EBFFFEFFDD20A6134DEBCDFAF1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFEFFDD20A6134DEB18FA90" ID-CoL="3JCDY" authority="De Laubenfels, 1939" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,625,1296,1318]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="enamela">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20A6134DE831FA93" box="[151,344,1296,1318]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Haliclona enamela</emphasis>
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sensu
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<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD21AC134CE8D3FA93" box="[413,442,1297,1318]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
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<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFEFFDD21F0134DEB18FA90" author="Laubenfels" box="[449,625,1296,1318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1939) Sponges collected on the presidential cruise of 1938. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 98 (15), 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1939">Laubenfels, 1939</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(not:
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<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFEFFDD229C134DED24FA93" ID-CoL="3JCDY" authority="De Laubenfels, 1930" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[685,1101,1296,1318]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="enamela">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD229C134DEA06FA93" box="[685,879,1296,1318]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Haliclona enamela</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD2344134CEAFAFA93" box="[885,915,1297,1318]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
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<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFEFFDD23A8134DED24FA93" author="Laubenfels" box="[921,1101,1296,1318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1930) The sponges of California. (Abstracts of dissertations for the degree of doctor of philosophy). Stanford University Bulletin, (5) 5 (98), 24 - 29." type="journal article" year="1930">Laubenfels, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFEFFDD20A61372EB34FAF1" authority="De Laubenfels, 1950: 16" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,605,1326,1349]" class="Demospongiae" family="Callyspongiidae" genus="Toxadocia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="violacea">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20A61372E835FAF0" box="[151,348,1327,1349]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Toxadocia violacea</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD21501372E816FAF1" box="[353,383,1327,1348]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
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<treatmentCitation id="040110D4FFFEFFDD21B41373EB34FAF1" author="Laubenfels" box="[389,605,1326,1348]" page="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="1950">
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<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFEFFDD21B41373EB50FAF1" author="Laubenfels" box="[389,569,1326,1348]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1950) The sponges of Kaneohe Bay, Oahu. Pacific Science, 4,3 - 36." type="book" year="1950">Laubenfels, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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: 16
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 9.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFFEFFDD20A6132CECF5FA18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20A6132CECF5FA18" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20A6132CE8EAFA3F" bold="true" box="[151,387,1393,1418]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="E3B1AE00FFFEFFDD21BD132CE8B4FA3C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[396,477,1393,1417]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">USNM</collectionCode>
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22658
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<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD2204132CEB97FA3C" box="[565,766,1393,1417]" name="Clipperton Island" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Clipperton Island</collectingCountry>
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, shore collecting on rocks, to south of landing place, coll. W.L. Schmitt,
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<date id="F11E1005FFFEFFDD210B13C8E8BDFA18" box="[314,468,1429,1453]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1938-07-21">July 21, 1938</date>
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, nr. 9, ‘Presidential Cruise 1938, Honorable Franklin D. Roosevelt, donor’ (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFFEFFDD251613C8EC11FA18" box="[1319,1400,1429,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="31.[151,249,1171,1194]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,303,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[169,1418,303,1149]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 14. Haliclona (Gellius) violacea (De Laubenfels, 1950), specimen USNM 22658, A. habit, originally identified as Haliclona enamela De Laubenfels, 1930 by De Laubenfels (1939), B. light microscopic view of surface skeleton showing unispicular arrangement of the spicules, scale bar = 100 µm, C. oxeas, D. toxas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/320251/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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A).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFFEFFDD20F613E4EC5DF978" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F613E4ED29FA40" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20F613E4E830FA67" bold="true" box="[199,345,1465,1490]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description.</emphasis>
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Encrusting sponge with small lobes, several of which bear a terminal oscule (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFFEFFDD24D813E4EC57FA64" box="[1257,1342,1465,1489]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="31.[151,249,1171,1194]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,303,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[169,1418,303,1149]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 14. Haliclona (Gellius) violacea (De Laubenfels, 1950), specimen USNM 22658, A. habit, originally identified as Haliclona enamela De Laubenfels, 1930 by De Laubenfels (1939), B. light microscopic view of surface skeleton showing unispicular arrangement of the spicules, scale bar = 100 µm, C. oxeas, D. toxas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/320251/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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A). Size approx. 3.5
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<date id="F11E1005FFFEFFDD212C1383E803FA40" box="[285,362,1501,1525]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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x 2 x
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<quantity id="42589B20FFFEFFDD216D1380E803FA40" box="[348,362,1501,1525]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="cm" value="1.0">1</quantity>
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</date>
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cm. Consistency soft, limp. Color (alcohol) light pinkish brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F4105CEC55F9AC" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" box="[197,1340,1537,1562]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20F4105CE845F9AF" bold="true" box="[197,300,1537,1562]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Skeleton</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFFEFFDD210A105CE8E4F9AC" box="[315,397,1537,1561]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="31.[151,249,1171,1194]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,303,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[169,1418,303,1149]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 14. Haliclona (Gellius) violacea (De Laubenfels, 1950), specimen USNM 22658, A. habit, originally identified as Haliclona enamela De Laubenfels, 1930 by De Laubenfels (1939), B. light microscopic view of surface skeleton showing unispicular arrangement of the spicules, scale bar = 100 µm, C. oxeas, D. toxas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/320251/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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B). Largely unispicular, but rather irregular, due to virtual absence of nodal spongin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F41078E89DF988" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" box="[197,500,1573,1598]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20F41078E847F98B" bold="true" box="[197,302,1573,1598]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Spicules.</emphasis>
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Oxeas and toxas.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F41014E876F933" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Oxeas (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFFEFFDD212D1014E819F9D4" box="[284,368,1609,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="31.[151,249,1171,1194]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,303,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[169,1418,303,1149]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 14. Haliclona (Gellius) violacea (De Laubenfels, 1950), specimen USNM 22658, A. habit, originally identified as Haliclona enamela De Laubenfels, 1930 by De Laubenfels (1939), B. light microscopic view of surface skeleton showing unispicular arrangement of the spicules, scale bar = 100 µm, C. oxeas, D. toxas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/320251/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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C), of the characteristic
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<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFEFFDD22B71014EB9FF9D4" box="[646,758,1609,1633]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD22B71014EB9FF9D4" box="[646,758,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Haliclona</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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form, slightly curved, sharply pointed, 93–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD24D81014EC41F9D4" box="[1257,1320,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">105.1</emphasis>
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||
–119
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<date id="F11E1005FFFEFFDD25581017ECE5F9D4" box="[1385,1420,1609,1633]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">x 3</date>
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||
–
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||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20A61030E9D3F930" box="[151,186,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">3.6</emphasis>
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–4.5 µm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F410CFED04F91F" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" box="[197,1133,1681,1706]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Toxas (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFFEFFDD212610CCE801F91C" box="[279,360,1681,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="31.[151,249,1171,1194]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,303,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[169,1418,303,1149]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 14. Haliclona (Gellius) violacea (De Laubenfels, 1950), specimen USNM 22658, A. habit, originally identified as Haliclona enamela De Laubenfels, 1930 by De Laubenfels (1939), B. light microscopic view of surface skeleton showing unispicular arrangement of the spicules, scale bar = 100 µm, C. oxeas, D. toxas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/320251/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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D), thin, variably curved, in a wide size range, 34–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD23AE10CCEAB9F91C" box="[927,976,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">42.2</emphasis>
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–
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<date id="F11E1005FFFEFFDD23EE10CCED66F91C" box="[991,1039,1681,1705]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1963-10">63 x</date>
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0.5 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F610E8EC5DF978" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" box="[199,1332,1717,1742]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20F610E8E886F97B" bold="true" box="[199,495,1717,1742]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. On intertidal coral rocks. Known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD238310E8ED26F978" box="[946,1103,1717,1741]" name="Clipperton Island" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Île Clipperton</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Hawaii (Oahu).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFFEFFDC20F61087EB6EFF42" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F61087EDA0F834" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD20F61087E852F947" bold="true" box="[199,315,1754,1778]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
We were able to compare a fragment of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5A1B8867FFFEFFDD23161087EA3EF947" box="[807,855,1754,1778]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
from Hawaii (USNM 22752) with the present specimen and this conforms in most details to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD224210A3EBFDF8A0" box="[627,660,1790,1813]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
Laubenfels’
|
||
<typeStatus id="5A1B8867FFFEFFDD231B10A3EA37F8A3" box="[810,862,1790,1814]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Habit and size of the sponge, unispicular skeleton with little or no spongin, size and shape of oxeas, size and shape of toxas. The only difference appeared to be the thicker toxas (1 µm against 0.5 µm in the present material). The live color is not preserved in the fragment of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5A1B8867FFFEFFDD20A61137E9A3F837" box="[151,202,1898,1922]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, nor in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD21761134E8D6F834" box="[327,447,1897,1921]" name="Clipperton Island" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Clipperton</collectingCountry>
|
||
material, but we assume the specimen to have had a violet live color.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFEFFDD20F611D3EA85F858" blockId="30.[151,1437,1393,2029]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
It is not clear why
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD21AA11D3E8D5F810" box="[411,444,1934,1957]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFEFFDD21F511D0EBFBF810" author="Laubenfels" box="[452,658,1933,1957]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1939) Sponges collected on the presidential cruise of 1938. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 98 (15), 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1939">Laubenfels (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned the specimen to the Central Californian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFEFFDD24F411D0E8F8F87C" authority="De Laubenfels (1930)" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="enamela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFEFFDD24F411D0ECF5F810" box="[1221,1436,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Haliclona enamela</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD20A611EFE9D1F87C" box="[151,184,1970,1993]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFEFFDD208E11ECE8F8F87C" author="Laubenfels" box="[191,401,1969,1993]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1930) The sponges of California. (Abstracts of dissertations for the degree of doctor of philosophy). Stanford University Bulletin, (5) 5 (98), 24 - 29." type="journal article" year="1930">Laubenfels (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This species does not possess toxas and is otherwise also dissimilar (spongin rich skeleton with ascending fibers cored by 8–12 spicules, cf.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFEFFDD22F1118BEB88F858" box="[704,737,2006,2029]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFEFFDD22D91188EAC1F858" author="Laubenfels" box="[744,936,2005,2029]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1932) The marine and fresh-water sponges of California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 81 (2927), 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1932">Laubenfels 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 119).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFFFFFDC20F616C5EB6EFF42" blockId="31.[151,1436,151,247]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
A second Central Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFFFFDC21D616C5EB3EFF05" box="[487,599,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFFFFDC21D616C5EB3EFF05" box="[487,599,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with toxas is the sponge originally described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFFFFFDC24E416C5E8F2FF61" authority="De Laubenfels" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1954" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Toxadocia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tyroeis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFFFFFDC24E416C5ECF5FF05" box="[1237,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Toxadocia tyroeis</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFFFFDC20A616E0E9D1FF61" box="[151,184,189,212]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFFFFFDC20F116E1E8F2FF61" author="Laubenfels" box="[192,411,188,212]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1954 a) The sponges of the West-Central Pacific. Oregon State Monographs. Studies in Zoology, 7, i - x, 1 - 306, pls I - XII." type="journal article" year="1954" yearSuffix="a">Laubenfels (1954a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFFFFFDC21D316E1EB4DFF61" box="[482,548,188,212]" name="Palau" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This has a cheesy consistency and a dense mass of oxeas of two size classes, quite unlike the present material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |