134 lines
18 KiB
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134 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="12E336E0B65DB9FAAA5AA66C4B39D010" ID-CLB-Dataset="34167" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.525.6020" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c21f9eee-793b-49fb-9b12-74ae6d7a9010" ID-PMC="PMC4607850" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-525-1" ID-PubMed="26487816" ID-ZooBank="C3C8C71F27C64DCF87A327C6DD6A949D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-525-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 525" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of fifteen North American Entomobrya (Collembola, Entomobryidae), including four new species" checkinTime="1451243928555" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Katz, Aron D., Giordano, Rosanna & Soto-Adames, Felipe" docDate="2015" docId="0579FE14929E22B5F2723623246125F3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 525: 1-75" docOrigin="ZooKeys 525" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.525.6020" docTitle="Entomobrya clitellaria Guthrie 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="4B2BFFF9FFB5155BEB185B5A245BFFFA" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of fifteen North American Entomobrya (Collembola, Entomobryidae), including four new species" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1701381490665" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A70FCECF4EE81F927F67D4CB4AB9714D">Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of fifteen North American Entomobrya (Collembola, Entomobryidae), including four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A5B124FF374989A5B0BC9958C00A596">Katz, Aron D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6A55C0CC05E3CA5B54BD39AAF342016">Giordano, Rosanna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="00660DEB51E59AFC3275B817FEDB7B1F">Soto-Adames, Felipe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BEF449D53678CB4D16958146121F34EF">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CB2BCA67A710B3FE2740ABB3EB8B2678">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CAF16449AF72CC40E9004F9097B91DF2">525</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="085E77B52227B08B75A68AABB2335B22">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="467410429B91FF95E3FB0273B2765CB1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.525.6020</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0579FE14929E22B5F2723623246125F3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062618" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0579FE14929E22B5F2723623246125F3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0579FE14929E22B5F2723623246125F3" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="8FB1267109E8203018F788F5DFDB6A11" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="4C5AC2DCA9F7A148D8A1CDF4686FB1DD" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<pageBreakToken id="95B2AB27159BB18C4A625B5079E4C615" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Collembola Entomobryidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2220ED075707B4E0FC52A744A72E8745" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6E72B9EE0F7BE456A92126B430F25E0A" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="4EBD0E8928A26E42E5980D8F9990B159" ID-CoL="6FFGC" authority="Guthrie, 1903" authorityName="Guthrie" authorityYear="1903" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya clitellaria" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clitellaria">Entomobrya clitellaria Guthrie, 1903</taxonomicName>
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Figs 2, 17, 18, 39
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AE77E16A5332CEE8370817DA74EC98CE" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B6AE3E12A75620572869AFA6378EE6F0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="75390F263779C6334DB485C28DE0D48E" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Body shape and color pattern. Body dorso-ventrally flattened. Dimorphic color pattern, unrelated to sex (Fig. 17): dark blue, purple, or black pigment covers Th. 3 and Abd. 1-3. Abd. 4 usually white, yellow, or orange with variable levels of pigment ranging from an irregular medial transverse band, randomly distributed irregular patches, or completely pigmented. Th. 2 always white, with a dark band along the anterior margin; medial area of Th. 2 almost transparent in some specimens and internal fat bodies can be observed through the cuticle under a dissecting microscope. Darker specimens with head mostly covered by dark pigment. Antennae usually entirely covered by purple pigment, but some specimens have a mixture of orange, brown, and purple coloration.</paragraph>
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<caption id="E100447E6EAFD4F95565CD50DA2783BD" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<paragraph id="66133BB9F542977FB0DE5DC068A73B09" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Figure 17. Color patterns of
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<taxonomicName id="0DF3EF6076E11996C2E6B3C025B5D483" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya clitellaria" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clitellaria">Entomobrya clitellaria</taxonomicName>
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. Photographed specimens are from the following localities: A Monroe Co., IL B Jasper Co., IL C Kankakee Co., IL D Monongalia Co., WV.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="742285358B8CBBA60F0EE53728E4C388" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Head. Apical bulb of 4th antennal segment usually simple, sometimes bilobed. Long differentiated smooth setae on ventral side of 1st antennal segment ≈3
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<normalizedToken id="EAC7351B9C0EC44E6CC4CC58DAC0ADDE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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short setae. Prelabral setae ciliate. Ornamentation of the distal margin of the labral papillae with a single seta or spine-like projection (Fig. 2). Lateral appendage of labial papilla E slightly curved, relatively thin, nearly reaching tip of papilla. Labial triangle in one individual with 1 small supplementary ciliate microsetae internal to M1. Dorsal head chaetotaxy (Fig. 18A) with macrosetae
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<normalizedToken id="39E7B6CAA8A3472F27C96C7696780597" originalValue="An’">An'</normalizedToken>
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0, A3a3, M3i,
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<normalizedToken id="6FBCFA9D91C906DFA45C91D9B11EF30B" originalValue="S’">S'</normalizedToken>
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0, S6, and Ps3 always absent; An3a2 usually present; Pi1, Pm1, Pm1i, and Pp2 present or absent. Eyes G and H small and subequal. Eye patch with 5 setae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="BF8DF2B04DC34A58059570014EF25BA6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<paragraph id="374EA30E8D3DFC07EEEAC3ED00A40812" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Figure 18. Dorsal chaetotaxy of
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<taxonomicName id="C077A8BEA03BB40FCFED090D39B3124C" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya clitellaria" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clitellaria">Entomobrya clitellaria</taxonomicName>
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: A Head B Mesothorax C Metathorax D 1st abdominal segment E 2nd abdominal segment F 3rd abdominal segment G 4th abdominal segment. Scale bars = 100
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<normalizedToken id="6C53B3BA7962325F8D18D0BDC9D23C31" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. See Figure 5 for symbol legend.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="14F66B4EA9D827600292655EED27D6C2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Thorax. Thoracic chaetotaxywell-developed, with some slight variation. Th. 2 macrosetae m4i3 absent, m1i usually present (Fig. 18B). Th. 3 macrosetae a5e3, m4, m5p, and a7 absent (Fig. 18C). Both thoracic segments with many supplemental macrosetae in zone Pm (18B,C).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FDCF817669314C9D4196397891C3A338" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Legs. Trochanteral organ with triangular setal pattern and up to 26 setae. Unguis with 4 inner teeth; basal teeth located approximately middle of inner claw length.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BF9E20A3ED99593A6404668C3D699E73" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Abdomen. Abdominal chaetotaxy highly developed. Abd. 1 with 8-13 macrosetae (Fig. 18D). Abd. 2 macroseta a2, a3, m3, m3ep, m3e, and m5 present; M3ei and M3ea usually present and M3eai usually absent (Fig. 18E). Abd. 3 macrosetae a2, a3, m3, am6, pm6, and p6 present; a1 always absent (Fig. 18F). Abd. 4 chaetotaxy stable, with 7 macrosetae between bothriotrichal complexes (Fig. 18G). Mucronal teeth subequal.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F2D2E60AF91BC3905EC239556D1841BA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="57BF5E0854D6B44757016CCB8B1A6C0E" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9DB6C9DA4B86F90D7295FCA38C6D244F" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="69D90E322B0E5969AA79E72FFFA26BEE" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya clitellaria" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clitellaria">Entomobrya clitellaria</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished by the combination of color pattern, absence of macroseta head
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<normalizedToken id="9FA5A8B71F381829408029188A42E902" originalValue="S’">S'</normalizedToken>
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0 and Abd. 3 a1 and presence of head Ps5, Th. 2 m5, Abd. 2 m3ep, and Abd. 3 a2 (see Table 2 for additional diagnostic characters). This species has a relatively conspicuous and diagnostic color pattern, but may be confused with the male
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<taxonomicName id="887BCE1F4F5BD1ED4C7BC5782AE58987" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya atrocincta" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrocincta">Entomobrya atrocincta</taxonomicName>
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. However, there are obvious differences in their morphology outlined in Table 3.
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<bibRefCitation id="B361E1F25B79EEB1A4F8F6786C17D313" author="Christiansen, K" journalOrPublisher="Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" title="The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande; A taxonomic analysis" year="1998">Christiansen and Bellinger (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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described six different color forms, but after extensive examination of material collected for this study, it was determined that many (but not all) of the color forms they described were most likely variants within a continuous gradient of color pattern variation, without clear genetic isolation (
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<bibRefCitation id="3C11C4927DACDA3D242A22E1F76019B0" author="Katz, AD" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="810 - 840" title="Operational criteria for cryptic species delimitation when evidence is limited, as exemplified by North American Entomobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae)." url="10.1111/zoj.12220" volume="173" year="2015">Katz et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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). The two lighter forms (labeled E and F in
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<bibRefCitation id="4CCBCEA38E17A603B97E1338B211952C" author="Christiansen, K" journalOrPublisher="Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" title="The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande; A taxonomic analysis" year="1998">Christiansen and Bellinger 1998</bibRefCitation>
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) proved to be elusive and were not collected during this study.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB9B36FD41A18427F349E4DCB8F2B2ED" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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This species is closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="542D9B1F69F86EFB319DE164C30391E5" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya jubata" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jubata">Entomobrya jubata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., but can be easily separated by color pattern, chaetotaxy, and morphology of the labral papillae. The absence of head macrosetae
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<normalizedToken id="AB93D58A882F7CEC7BAA00E1E8386D1E" originalValue="S’">S'</normalizedToken>
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0 and the presence of head macrosetae Ps5 separate
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<taxonomicName id="94DAC2EF3201B3CDAF5A7921D0DBF8A7" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya clitellaria" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clitellaria">Entomobrya clitellaria</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="ADD369791E1A1979584232B40B813FCE" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya jubata" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jubata">Entomobrya jubata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Labral papillae morphology also differs between these species:
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<taxonomicName id="8E65E7C9247E2A4A1292F4221C777289" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya jubata" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jubata">Entomobrya jubata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. has two or three seta or spine-like projection on each papilla, while
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<taxonomicName id="22CFDAF15E35822AA64B0C0E9CFB0E1C" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Entomobrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobrya clitellaria" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clitellaria">Entomobrya clitellaria</taxonomicName>
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only has one seta or spine-like projection per papilla (Fig. 2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B0260F2FEFD190AFD0A8F216E131EF04" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="917DE6CC85788F4807C2C570412F0156" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="141B1E9C1E7E4F39C93176B9F9CE7462" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Endemic to North America (Suppl. material 2: E).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F5DE3CC7FCFE1419BBB0DB72D4A2A19B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A9E8848B4DEE41A30C2D803E77372A58" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FB88DAA6F03C2BDB476A4390D28F58E6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">USA: 1 on slide, Florida, Taylor Co., Econfina State Park (30.0656,-83.91066), under bark, 9.viii.2011, AK11-116; 1 in vial, Illinois, Champaign Co., Urbana, Brownfield Woods (40.14462,-88.16543), on bushes and low-lying shrubs, 7.vii.2011, AK11-60; 1 on slide, Illinois, Champaign Co., Urbana, Brownfield Woods (40.14391,-88.16468), under bark, 10.ix.2009 (F. Soto-Adames); 1 in vial, Illinois, Coles Co., Fox Ridge State Park (39.40248,-88.14893), under bark, 15.vii.2011 (A. Katz & F. Soto-Adames), AK11-81; 3 on slides, 20 in vials, Illinois, Jasper Co., Sam Parr State Fish and Wildlife Area (39.03275,-88.12474), under bark, 15.vii.2011 (A. Katz & F. Soto-Adames), AK11-73, AK11-74 & AK11-75; 1 in vial, Illinois, Jasper Co., Sam Parr State Fish and Wildlife Area (39.03275,-88.12474), in leaf litter, 15.vii.2011 (A. Katz & F. Soto-Adames), AK11-77; 1 on slide, 1 in vial, Illinois, Jo Davies Co., Princess Mine 1 (42.30565,-90.39740), under bark, 26.viii.2011, AK11-142; 1 in vial, Illinois, Jo Davies Co., S Blanding Rd, Stevenson Property (42.29895,-90.36967), under bark, 27.viii.2011, AK11-148; 1 on slide, Illinois, Kankakee Co., Kankakee River State Park (41.19482,-87.96875), from bird nest, 10.iv.2011, AK11-6; 4 on slides, Illinois, Monroe Co., Bat Sump Cave, Berlese of bark, 1-3.xi.2009 (S. Taylor & F. Soto-Adames), sjt09-130; 4 on slides, 50+ in vial, Illinois, Piatt Co., Lodge County Forest Preserve Park (40.06709,-88.56596), dead logs, cavity in tree, and under bark, 23.vii.2011, AK11-100; 2 on slides, 10 in vial, Illinois, Pope Co., Bell Smith Springs (37.51927,-88.65738), leaf litter, 24.ix.2011, AK11-166; 2 on slides, Illinois, Vermilion Co., Kickapoo State Park (40.16576,-87.74746), on rotten log, 30.xi.1989 (F. Soto-Adames); 1 in vial, Illinois, Vermilion Co., Kennekuk Cover County Park, Windfall Prairie Nature Preserve (40.20995,-87.74181), aspirated from bushes, 16.vi.2011 (A. Katz & F. Soto-Adames), AK11-59; 1 in vial, Michigan, Ingham Co., Michigan State University, Baker Wdlt. (42.66527,-84.36264) under bark of standing dead pine, 24.vii.2008 (E. C. Bernard), BW-11; 1 on slide, 3in vial, Michigan, St. Clair Co., Algonac State Park (42.65447,-82.52430), under bark of recently fallen maple, 25.vii.2008 (E. C. Bernard), ASP-15; 1 on slide, West Virginia, Monongalia Co., Tyrone (39.62746,-79.86567), under collected on the lower branches of eastern hemlock, 19.vii.2005 (R. M. Turcotte), ID#44-GE-21-5-4-A.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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