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<document id="60C89294F8307D46B04C705F8C082EE5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5540.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240496" ID-ZooBank="4DBD3A92-F14B-4C5B-95B3-2B430EC197DD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1732832094216" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wu, Jingyu &amp; Liu, Xingyue" docDate="2024" docId="03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5540.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5540 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5540.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Retipenna burmana Brooks 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="FF81FFE8FFA7FFA59E70CE029F264D33" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the green lacewing tribe Ankylopterygini Navás, 1910 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) from China" masterLastPageNumber="169" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="98" updateTime="1733250230432" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="96F06EB9D50CFC6EB3316BFCC7D799AA">Systematics of the green lacewing tribe Ankylopterygini Navás, 1910 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) from China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0FCDD2AF76F7357DF13632223008D374">Wu, Jingyu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B345B705EF3B84B43BB96AAB16067F15" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6677-7726</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6A799A6BACCE25C6457FC8E9F571DAC8">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China wujingyu 176 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6677 - 7726 Corresponding author: xingyue _ liu @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9168 - 0659</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4FE57D0E1D5E85EB1F1FF10608EF4AA0" type="email">wujingyu176@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DCA61AAB2C308DC7F3B94C175289A3D9">Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2024692C32565DBECC556D0D8FAFA35C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6677-7726</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0EA4264B96352F49D9D076D80C812C23">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China wujingyu 176 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6677 - 7726 Corresponding author: xingyue _ liu @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9168 - 0659</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5953E010070216D11325F27D2F8F7DD3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="69649AB51C8875670B0993CA6C5ECB26">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4D0863F68F1AE99DEFFDAFAB9DE12B78">5540</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="ABA91A7C7B1899E6AEB8E6160ADA0A9B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5540.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D" lastPageId="100" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC6FFC49EE7CE959D4A4D82" box="[151,620,151,178]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC6FFC49EE7CE959D4A4D82" blockId="97.[151,620,151,214]" box="[151,620,151,178]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EE7CE959D4A4D82" bold="true" box="[151,620,151,178]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
[44]
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC6FFC49EBFCE959D4A4D82" ID-CoL="6X3X4" authority="Brooks, 1986" authorityName="Brooks" authorityYear="1986" box="[207,620,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EBFCE959EE44D81" bold="true" box="[207,450,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Retipenna burmana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC6FFC49FB9CE959D4A4D82" author="Brooks, S. J." box="[457,620,151,177]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="35 - 48" refId="ref88537" refString="Brooks, S. J. (1986) A new genus of Ankylopterygini (Chrysopidae). Neuroptera International, 4, 35 - 48." type="journal article" year="1986">Brooks, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC6FFC49EE7CEB99E774DE6" box="[151,337,187,214]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC6FFC49EE7CEB99E774DE6" blockId="97.[151,620,151,214]" box="[151,337,187,214]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
(
<figureCitation id="132A2A03FFC6FFC49EEFCEB99E074DE5" box="[159,289,187,214]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 50" captionStart-1="FIGURE 51" captionStart-2="FIGURE 52" captionStart-3="FIGURE 53" captionStartId-0="97.[151,250,1794,1818]" captionStartId-1="98.[151,250,1426,1450]" captionStartId-2="99.[151,250,1282,1306]" captionStartId-3="100.[151,250,1425,1449]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1410,638,1759]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1403,200,1367]" captionTargetBox-2="[160,1426,191,1249]" captionTargetBox-3="[161,1427,191,1391]" captionTargetId-0="figure-182@97.[151,1436,612,1771]" captionTargetId-1="figure-33@98.[151,1436,181,1402]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@99.[151,1436,181,1259]" captionTargetId-3="figure-33@100.[151,1436,181,1401]" captionTargetPageId-0="97" captionTargetPageId-1="98" captionTargetPageId-2="99" captionTargetPageId-3="100" captionText-0="FIGURE 50. Retipenna burmana Brooks, 1986. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D)." captionText-1="FIGURE 51. Retipenna chaoi Yang &amp; Yang, 1987. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Female genitalia, lateral view; F. Subgenitale; G. Spermatheca. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D)." captionText-2="FIGURE 52. Retipenna guangdongana Yang &amp; Yang, 1987.A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Male genitalia, lateral view; F. Gonarcal complex, dorsal view; G. Gonarcal complex, lateral view; H. Arcessus. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D)." captionText-3="FIGURE 53. Retipenna huai Yang &amp; Yang, 1987. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240642" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240644" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240646" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240650" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14240642/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14240644/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14240646/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14240650/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Figs 50–53</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132A2A03FFC6FFC49F5CCEB99E6F4DE6" box="[300,329,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="146.[151,250,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[197,1391,1096,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-46@146.[197,1391,1096,1867]" captionTargetPageId="146" captionText="FIGURE 87. Distribution map of species of Retipenna from China." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240720/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">87</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC6FFC49EE7CF029A324C47" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC6FFC49EE7CF029B974C24" blockId="97.[151,1407,255,372]" box="[151,1201,255,280]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0111A8FFC6FFC49EE7CF029B974C24" box="[151,1201,255,280]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFC6FFC49EE7CF029D3E4C2B" author="Brooks, S. J." box="[151,536,255,280]" page="41" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" year="1986">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC6FFC49EE7CF029D3E4C2B" ID-CoL="6X3X4" authority="Brooks, 1986: 41" authorityName="Brooks" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,536,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EE7CF029E794C2B" box="[151,351,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Retipenna burmana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC6FFC49F16CF029D3E4C2B" author="Brooks, S. J." box="[358,536,255,280]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="35 - 48" refId="ref88537" refString="Brooks, S. J. (1986) A new genus of Ankylopterygini (Chrysopidae). Neuroptera International, 4, 35 - 48." type="journal article" year="1986">Brooks, 1986: 41</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC6FFC49CC3CF029C334C2B" box="[691,789,256,280]" name="Myanmar" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(Mali Hka Valley).
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC6FFC49D91CF029B194C2B" box="[993,1087,256,280]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
in NHML.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC6FFC49EE7CF1D9BD24C05" blockId="97.[151,1407,255,372]" box="[151,1268,286,311]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0111A8FFC6FFC49EE7CF1D9BD24C05" box="[151,1268,286,311]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFC6FFC49EE7CF1D9D154C05" author="Yang, C. K." box="[151,563,286,311]" page="40" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC6FFC49EE7CF1D9D154C05" ID-CoL="6X494" authority="Yang &amp; Yang, 1987: 40" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityPageNumber="40" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,563,286,311]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaoi">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EE7CF1D9E1A4C05" box="[151,316,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Retipenna chaoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC6FFC49F32CF1D9D154C05" author="Yang, C. K." box="[322,563,286,311]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang &amp; Yang, 1987: 40</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC6FFC49CBECF1C9C2D4C05" box="[718,779,286,310]" name="China" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC6FFC49D68CF1C9C7B4C05" box="[792,861,286,310]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Fujian</collectingRegion>
, Jianyang).
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC6FFC49DA6CF1C9B124C05" box="[982,1076,286,310]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
in CAU.
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49AE7CF1C9BD24C05" bold="true" box="[1175,1268,286,310]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC6FFC49EE7CF3C9A324C47" blockId="97.[151,1407,255,372]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0111A8FFC6FFC49EE7CF3C9A324C47" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFC6FFC49EE7CF3C9DB44C66" author="Yang, C. K." box="[151,658,317,341]" page="41" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC6FFC49EE7CF3C9DB44C66" ID-CoL="793WS" authority="Yang &amp; Yang, 1987: 41" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,658,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangdongana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EE7CF3C9EBA4C66" box="[151,412,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Retipenna guangdongana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC6FFC49FD2CF3F9DB44C66" author="Yang, C. K." box="[418,658,317,341]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang &amp; Yang, 1987: 41</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC6FFC49D5ECF3F9C4D4C66" box="[814,875,317,341]" name="China" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC6FFC49D08CF3F9CE34C66" box="[888,965,317,341]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Hainan</collectingRegion>
, Jianfengling).
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC6FFC49A11CF3F9B994C66" box="[1121,1215,317,341]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
in CAU.
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49B52CF3F9A594C66" bold="true" box="[1314,1407,317,341]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">syn. nov.</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFC6FFC49EE7CF5E9D014C47" author="Yang, C. K." box="[151,551,348,372]" page="43" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC6FFC49EE7CF5E9D014C47" ID-CoL="7948S" authority="Yang &amp; Yang, 1987: 43" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,551,348,372]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huai">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EE7CF5E9E174C47" box="[151,305,348,372]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Retipenna huai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC6FFC49F47CF5E9D014C47" author="Yang, C. K." box="[311,551,348,372]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang &amp; Yang, 1987: 43</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC6FFC49CB3CF5E9C264C47" box="[707,768,348,372]" name="China" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC6FFC49D7DCF5E9C7C4C47" box="[781,858,348,372]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Hainan</collectingRegion>
, Jianfengling).
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC6FFC49D86CF5E9B724C47" box="[1014,1108,348,372]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
in CAU.
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49AC7CF5E9A324C47" bold="true" box="[1207,1300,348,372]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC6FFC49EE7CFA39E7E4F7F" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC6FFC49EE7CFA39E7E4F7F" blockId="97.[151,1436,417,588]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EE7CFA39E344C88" bold="true" box="[151,274,417,443]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is characterized by the presence of the head with black spots behind compound eyes and reddish stripe on posterior area of vertex, the scape with black spots on the inner side, the completely black pedicel, the gena with black spots, the thorax without markings, the brown gradate series and forking marginal veins, the median arch of male gonarcus with deep U-shaped invagination, the entoprocessus forked at tip, and the arcessus widest near base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6E660EFFC6FFC49EE7C9009D5A4A0C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240642/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" startId="97.[151,250,1794,1818]" targetBox="[168,1410,638,1759]" targetPageId="97" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC6FFC49EE7C9009D5A4A0C" blockId="97.[151,1436,1794,1855]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49EE7C9009E074A28" bold="true" box="[151,289,1794,1819]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 50.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC6FFC49F59C9019DAE4A28" authority="Brooks, 1986" authorityName="Brooks" authorityYear="1986" box="[297,648,1795,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC6FFC49F59C9019ED44A28" box="[297,498,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Retipenna burmana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC6FFC49F8BC9019DAE4A28" author="Brooks, S. J." box="[507,648,1795,1819]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="35 - 48" refId="ref88537" refString="Brooks, S. J. (1986) A new genus of Ankylopterygini (Chrysopidae). Neuroptera International, 4, 35 - 48." type="journal article" year="1986">Brooks, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6E660EFFC5FFC79EE7CB909A3948FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240644" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240644/files/figure.png" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" startId="98.[151,250,1426,1450]" targetBox="[166,1403,200,1367]" targetPageId="98" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC5FFC79EE7CB909A3948FD" blockId="98.[151,1437,1426,1486]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79EE7CB909E064899" bold="true" box="[151,288,1426,1450]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">FIGURE 51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC5FFC79F56CB919DBA4899" authority="Yang &amp; Yang, 1987" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[294,668,1426,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaoi">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79F56CB919EED4899" box="[294,459,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Retipenna chaoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC5FFC79FA1CB919DBA4899" author="Yang, C. K." box="[465,668,1426,1451]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang &amp; Yang, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Female genitalia, lateral view; F. Subgenitale; G. Spermatheca. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC5FFC69EB7C8229CBB4A04" lastPageId="99" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC5FFC79EB7C8229FEC4B6C" blockId="98.[151,1437,1568,1991]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79EB7C8229E7F4B09" bold="true" box="[199,345,1568,1594]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Description.</emphasis>
Male. Body length 9.0–
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC5FFC79C09C8239DC64B08" box="[633,736,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="10.7">10.7 mm</quantity>
, forewing length
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC5FFC79DC0C8239B7E4B08" box="[944,1112,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" metricValueMax="1.48" metricValueMin="1.34" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="14.1" valueMax="14.8" valueMin="13.4">13.4–14.8 mm</quantity>
, hindwing length
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC5FFC79B5CC8229FE04B6C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.26" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" unit="mm" value="12.399999999999999" valueMax="12.6" valueMin="12.2">12.2–12.6 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC5FFC79EB7C86A9EFB4BDD" blockId="98.[151,1437,1568,1991]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Head yellow, with black spots behind compound eyes and reddish stripe on posterior area of vertex. Compound eyes prominent and black. Scape with black stripe on inner side, pedicel completely black, scape and pedicel wider than flagellum. Frons not marked. Clypeal margin with brown stripes. Gena marked black spots. Maxillary and labial palpi brownish yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC5FFC79EB7C8FB9A684A21" blockId="98.[151,1437,1568,1991]" box="[199,1358,1784,1811]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Pronotum anterior margin shorter than posterior margin, mesonotum and metanotum without markings.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC5FFC79EB7C91F9B6C4A05" blockId="98.[151,1437,1568,1991]" box="[199,1098,1820,1847]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Legs with dense setae, without spots. Pretarsal claws brown, with basal dilation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC5FFC79EB7C9429B894AF5" blockId="98.[151,1437,1568,1991]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
Forewing broad; costal crossveins, base of Rs, apical radial crossveins, gradates, forking marginal veins and CuP dark brown. Pterostigma pale brown. Costal area with 16–20 crossveins; 11–12 radial crossveins present.
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79B0AC9679ABB4A4C" box="[1402,1437,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">m1</emphasis>
smaller than
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79F59C98B9E6D4A90" box="[297,331,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">m2</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79F2AC98B9E504A91" box="[346,374,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">im</emphasis>
triangular; 8–9 psm-psc crossveins present.
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79D1BC98B9CA04A90" box="[875,902,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">c1</emphasis>
smaller than
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79A6FC98B9B1F4A90" box="[1055,1081,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">c2</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC5FFC79A38C98A9B494A91" box="[1096,1135,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">dcc</emphasis>
closed. A1 forked, A2 and A3 simple. Inner gradate series with 5–6 crossveins, outer gradate series with 7–8 crossveins.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E660EFFC4FFC69EE7CB009D454850" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240646" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240646/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" startId="99.[151,250,1282,1306]" targetBox="[160,1426,191,1249]" targetPageId="99" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC4FFC69EE7CB009D454850" blockId="99.[151,1437,1282,1379]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC4FFC69EE7CB009E394828" bold="true" box="[151,287,1282,1307]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">FIGURE 52.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC4FFC69F55CB019DDE4828" authority="Yang &amp; Yang, 1987" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[293,760,1283,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangdongana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC4FFC69F55CB019D0F4828" box="[293,553,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Retipenna guangdongana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC4FFC69C5FCB019DDE4828" author="Yang, C. K." box="[559,760,1283,1307]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang &amp; Yang, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view; E. Male genitalia, lateral view; F. Gonarcal complex, dorsal view; G. Gonarcal complex, lateral view; H. Arcessus. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC4FFC69EB7CBB79D784B24" blockId="99.[151,1437,1461,2027]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Hindwing narrow, apical radial crossveins, gradates and forking marginal veins brown. Costal area with 13–16 crossveins; 9–10 radial crossveins and 6–8 psm-psc crossveins present. Inner gradate series with 5–6 crossveins, outer gradate series with 5–7 crossveins.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC4FFC69EB7C8239B264B94" blockId="99.[151,1437,1461,2027]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Abdomen with dense setae. Tergum VII and sternum VII subquadrate in lateral view; tergum VIII slightly shorter than tergum VII; sternum VIII fused with sternum IX and with small tubercle near tip; tergum IX fused with ectoproct. Callus cerci ovoid. Gonarcus arcuate, median arch with deep U-shaped invagination, lateral arms narrow at base and wide at tip; entoprocessus forked at tip; arcessus widest near base.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC4FFC69EB7C8B39A1C4BF8" blockId="99.[151,1437,1461,2027]" box="[199,1338,1713,1740]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
Female. Body length
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC4FFC69FC8C8B39D7B4BF8" box="[440,605,1713,1739]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="1.0699999999999998" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="11.75" valueMax="12.8" valueMin="10.7">10.7–12.8 mm</quantity>
, forewing length
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC4FFC69D52C8B39CE14BF8" box="[802,967,1713,1740]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.605" metricValueMax="1.76" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="16.05" valueMax="17.6" valueMin="14.5">14.5–17.6 mm</quantity>
, hindwing length
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC4FFC69AE0C8B39A104BF8" box="[1168,1334,1713,1740]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" metricValueMax="1.59" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="14.7" valueMax="15.9" valueMin="13.5">13.5–15.9 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC4FFC69EB7C8D79CBB4A04" blockId="99.[151,1437,1461,2027]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Sternum VII slightly longer than tergum VII; tergum VII subquadrate in lateral view; tergum VIII shorter than tergum VII; tergum IX fused with ectoproct. Callus cerci ovoid. Subgenitale bilobed apically; spermatheca thick, vela short, ventral impression moderately deep, duct long and coiled.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC4FFC69EB7C9439DE94AD8" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC4FFC69EB7C9439DE94AD8" blockId="99.[151,1437,1461,2027]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC4FFC69EB7C9439E104A68" bold="true" box="[199,310,1857,1883]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Material.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC4FFC69F4BC9439E854A68" box="[315,419,1857,1883]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC4FFC69FB5C9409D064A68" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[453,544,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaoi">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC4FFC69FB5C9409D064A68" box="[453,544,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">R. chaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<specimenCount id="9D17FD0FFFC4FFC69C5DC9439D644A68" box="[557,578,1857,1883]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC4FFC69C3EC9439DB24A68" box="[590,660,1857,1883]" name="China" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC4FFC69CEDC9439DCE4A68" box="[669,744,1857,1883]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Fujian</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E0AFFC4FFC69C80C9439C704A68" box="[752,854,1857,1883]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Jianyang</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAACFCFFC4FFC69D10C9439CE84A68" box="[864,974,1857,1883]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Dazhulan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFAF1046FFC4FFC69DA7C9439B6A4A6F" box="[983,1100,1857,1884]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1945-05-18">
<collectingDate id="EFEBE9AEFFC4FFC69DA7C9439B6A4A6F" box="[983,1100,1857,1884]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1945-05-18">1945.V.18</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location id="8ECE605DFFC4FFC69A25C9439BF04A68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D:8ECE605DFFC4FFC69A25C9439BF04A68" box="[1109,1238,1857,1883]" country="China" county="Jianyang" municipality="Dazhulan" name="Xiufu Zhao" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Fujian">Xiufu Zhao</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED00AE43FFC4FFC69A92C9439A054A68" box="[1250,1315,1857,1883]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">CAU</collectionCode>
).
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC4FFC69B44C9439ABA4A68" box="[1332,1436,1857,1883]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC4FFC69EC4C9649E5D4A4C" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[180,379,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangdongana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC4FFC69EC4C9649E5D4A4C" box="[180,379,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">R. guangdongana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<specimenCount id="9D17FD0FFFC4FFC69FF8C9679EB94A4C" box="[392,415,1893,1919]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC4FFC69FDAC9679ED64A4C" box="[426,496,1893,1919]" name="China" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC4FFC69F8AC9679D684A4C" box="[506,590,1893,1919]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E0AFFC4FFC69C28C9679DC34A4C" box="[600,741,1893,1919]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Jianfengling</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAACFCFFC4FFC69C9FC9679CB14A4C" box="[751,919,1893,1919]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Wufen District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFAF1046FFC4FFC69DD1C9679B0A4A4C" box="[929,1068,1893,1919]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-07-24">
<collectingDate id="EFEBE9AEFFC4FFC69DD1C9679B0A4A4C" box="[929,1068,1893,1919]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-07-24">1981.VII.24</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location id="8ECE605DFFC4FFC69A47C9679B904A4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D:8ECE605DFFC4FFC69A47C9679B904A4C" box="[1079,1206,1893,1919]" country="China" county="Jianfengling" municipality="Wufen District" name="Maobin Gu" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Hainan">Maobin Gu</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED00AE43FFC4FFC69AB4C9679A234A4C" box="[1220,1285,1893,1919]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">CAU</collectionCode>
).
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC4FFC69B67C9679A594A4C" box="[1303,1407,1893,1919]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC4FFC69EE7C9889FCE4A90" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,232,1929,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huai">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC4FFC69EE7C9889FCE4A90" box="[151,232,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">R. huai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<specimenCount id="9D17FD0FFFC4FFC69E86C98B9E2D4A90" box="[246,267,1929,1955]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC4FFC69F69C98B9E794A90" box="[281,351,1929,1955]" name="China" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC4FFC69F1AC98B9E984A90" box="[362,446,1929,1955]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E0AFFC4FFC69FB9C98B9D704A90" box="[457,598,1929,1955]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Jianfengling</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAACFCFFC4FFC69C10C98B9C2F4A90" box="[608,777,1929,1955]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Wufen District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFAF1046FFC4FFC69D64C98B9CB94A90" box="[788,927,1929,1955]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-07-08">
<collectingDate id="EFEBE9AEFFC4FFC69D64C98B9CB94A90" box="[788,927,1929,1955]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="1981-07-08">1981.VII.08</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location id="8ECE605DFFC4FFC69DDBC98B9B184A90" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D:8ECE605DFFC4FFC69DDBC98B9B184A90" box="[939,1086,1929,1955]" country="China" county="Jianfengling" municipality="Wufen District" name="Lizhong Hua" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Hainan">Lizhong Hua</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED00AE43FFC4FFC69A3CC98B9BAB4A90" box="[1100,1165,1929,1955]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">CAU</collectionCode>
).
<specimenCount id="9D17FD0FFFC4FFC69AD0C98B9BE14A90" box="[1184,1223,1929,1955]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D17FD0FFFC4FFC69AB7C98B9BC14A90" box="[1223,1255,1929,1955]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC4FFC69A84C98B9A1C4A90" box="[1268,1338,1929,1955]" name="China" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC4FFC69B34C98B9ABE4A90" box="[1348,1432,1929,1955]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8ECE605DFFC4FFC69EE7C9AF9D034AF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B88790FFC6FFC19EE7CE959D254A4D:8ECE605DFFC4FFC69EE7C9AF9D034AF4" box="[151,549,1965,1991]" country="China" county="Jianfengling" municipality="Wufen District" name="Jianfengling National Forestry Park" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" stateProvince="Hainan">Jianfengling National Forestry Park</location>
,
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC4FFC69C5FC9AF9D514AF4" box="[559,631,1965,1991]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="700.0">
<elevation id="003CD1B5FFC4FFC69C5FC9AF9D514AF4" box="[559,631,1965,1991]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAF1046FFC4FFC69CF1C9AF9DD04AF4" box="[641,758,1965,1991]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="2022-05-13">
<collectingDate id="EFEBE9AEFFC4FFC69CF1C9AF9DD04AF4" box="[641,758,1965,1991]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" value="2022-05-13">2022.V.13</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26E45350FFC4FFC69C8FC9AF9C864AF4" box="[767,928,1965,1991]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Yuchen Zheng</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E45350FFC4FFC69DCFC9AF9B124AF4" box="[959,1076,1965,1991]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Ying Yang</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED00AE43FFC4FFC69A31C9AF9BA44AF4" box="[1089,1154,1965,1991]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">CAU</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="9D17FD0FFFC4FFC69AE4C9AF9B914AF4" box="[1172,1207,1965,1991]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC4FFC69AB3C9AF9A2F4AF4" box="[1219,1289,1965,1991]" name="China" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC4FFC69B63C9AF9ABF4AF4" box="[1299,1433,1965,1991]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="26E45350FFC4FFC69EE7C9D39E084AD8" box="[151,302,2001,2027]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Nanling Park</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="4CE99B63FFC4FFC69F4AC9D39EA54AD8" box="[314,387,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.49" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="949.0">
<elevation id="003CD1B5FFC4FFC69F4AC9D39EA54AD8" box="[314,387,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.49" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="949.0">949 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, IX.10,
<collectorName id="26E45350FFC4FFC69FADC9D39D554AD8" box="[477,627,2001,2027]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Xulong Chen</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED00AE43FFC4FFC69CF2C9D39D994AD8" box="[642,703,2001,2027]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">CAU</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6E660EFFC3FFC19EE7CB939D5A48FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240650" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240650/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" startId="100.[151,250,1425,1449]" targetBox="[161,1427,191,1391]" targetPageId="100" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC3FFC19EE7CB939D5A48FE" blockId="100.[151,1437,1425,1485]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19EE7CB939E06489A" bold="true" box="[151,288,1425,1449]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">FIGURE 53.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19F57CB909DB3489A" authority="Yang &amp; Yang, 1987" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[295,661,1425,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huai">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19F57CB909EE4489A" box="[295,450,1425,1449]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Retipenna huai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC3FFC19FB8CB909DB3489A" author="Yang, C. K." box="[456,661,1425,1450]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang &amp; Yang, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Dorsal habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar: 5 mm (A), 1 mm (B–D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC3FFC19EB7C81D9CCF4B0A" box="[199,1001,1567,1594]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC3FFC19EB7C81D9CCF4B0A" blockId="100.[151,1437,1567,1918]" box="[199,1001,1567,1594]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19EB7C81D9E474B0A" bold="true" box="[199,353,1567,1593]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC3FFC19F17C81D9E8C4B0A" box="[359,426,1567,1593]" name="China" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC3FFC19FC9C81D9D234B0A" box="[441,517,1567,1593]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fujian</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC3FFC19C60C81D9DB04B0A" box="[528,662,1567,1593]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC3FFC19CD1C81D9DD14B0A" box="[673,759,1567,1593]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Hainan</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry id="F3067616FFC3FFC19D7AC8229C514B09" box="[778,887,1568,1594]" name="Myanmar" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D5F864FFC3FFC19DF7C81D9CFB4B0A" box="[903,989,1567,1593]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Kachin</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFC3FFC19EB7C8469D254A4D" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFC3FFC19EB7C8469D254A4D" blockId="100.[151,1437,1567,1918]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19EB7C8469E1D4B6D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1604,1630]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC3FFC19F34C8469EF74B6D" author="Yang, C. K." box="[324,465,1604,1630]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang (1987)</bibRefCitation>
originally described
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19CB4C8469C054B6E" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[708,803,1603,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaoi">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19CB4C8469C054B6E" box="[708,803,1603,1629]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. chaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19D43C8469CDA4B6E" authorityName="C.-k.Yang &amp; X.-k.Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[819,1020,1603,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangdongang">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19D43C8469CDA4B6E" box="[819,1020,1603,1629]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. guangdongang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19A46C8469BAF4B6E" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[1078,1161,1603,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huai">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19A46C8469BAF4B6E" box="[1078,1161,1603,1629]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. huai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The three species have similar external morphological characters: the head with black spots behind compound eyes and reddish stripe on posterior area of vertex, the scape with black spots on inner side, the pedicel completely black, and the gena marked with black spots.
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFC3FFC19FCEC8B29D6A4BF9" author="Yang, C. K." box="[446,588,1712,1738]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refId="ref91606" refString="Yang, C. K. (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang. Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, pp. 19 - 219." type="book" year="1987">Yang (1987)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that these three species should be distinguished by color of Rs branches 8–11, but we consider this character is unreliable. We re-examined the
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFC3FFC19A60C8D69B664BDD" box="[1040,1088,1748,1774]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">type</typeStatus>
specimens of three species and concluded that they should be same species. Moreover, these specimens show consistent morphological characters with
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19EA1C91E9E714A06" authorityName="Brooks" authorityYear="1986" box="[209,343,1819,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19EA1C91E9E714A06" box="[209,343,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. burmana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially the black spots and reddish stripe on the head, the V-shaped invagination on median arch of gonarcus and the entoprocessus forked at tip. Therefore, we treat
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19DB6C9429B054A6A" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[966,1059,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaoi">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19DB6C9429B054A6A" box="[966,1059,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. chaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19A41C9429BDE4A6A" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[1073,1272,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangdongana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19A41C9429BDE4A6A" box="[1073,1272,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. guangdongana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19B5DC9429A584A6A" authorityName="Yang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1987" box="[1325,1406,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huai">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19B5DC9429A584A6A" box="[1325,1406,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. huai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as junior synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFC3FFC19F08C9669EDA4A4E" authorityName="Brooks" authorityYear="1986" box="[376,508,1891,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmana">
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFC3FFC19F08C9669EDA4A4E" box="[376,508,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. burmana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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