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217 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.109404" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-99-187" ID-Pensoft-UUID="641F017AA3D75F85AF877DA86E3F5928" ModsDocID="1314-4049-99-187" checkinTime="1694247915849" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ye, Chuwen, Jing, Tingting, Sha, Yuru, Mo, Minghe & Yu, Zefen" docDate="2023" docId="F1CD298B69C15F1593099AFB0AAF3824" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 99: 187-207" docOrigin="MycoKeys 99" docPubDate="2023-09-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.109404" docTitle="Trichoderma variegatum Z. F. Yu & T. T. Jing 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="641F017AA3D75F85AF877DA86E3F5928" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="641F017AA3D75F85AF877DA86E3F5928" masterDocTitle="Two new Trichoderma species (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) isolated from decaying tubers of Gastrodia elate" masterLastPageNumber="207" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1694247915849" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="C725779AD57FC5BE1C0CE6AD0E02FEB3">Two new Trichoderma species (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) isolated from decaying tubers of Gastrodia elate</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C59AD3CC511629E25DE4FB24390FFA19">Ye, Chuwen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FF83F3D46DD3D007EF86E867C6F14E7D">Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6C287B8995747CA5AF3BB5363E68D1FB">Jing, Tingting</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="370FEA6377EB25A676AB29503E632E84">Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FEC11C382A2638C3258F294D39C769BD">Sha, Yuru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B658650CDE5DECD55A78CF391822877">Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C90AA87345F6EC410F9D18F79600B8C0">Mo, Minghe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49282B1D9E4080043758D62EB87839A2">Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8187F0E662907A73D9336F6446AA7EDF" type="email">minghemo@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0CB66C090993646CED93AC5E4D6AD807">Yu, Zefen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="01F9B4922A2AC4BB5C08AA8CB7CAA3B5">Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DD2B0C2175F1535B2E59A33C6770CE11" type="email">zfyu2021@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C215B4E483018AD934690A216F60CD34">MycoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B33A4EE2DC3A12EC4593150F430DBF16">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5C4D2A817D92F8E88258B0DA83A134AC">2023-09-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4A8401EEBE2FF16F40A13FEC611413A5">99</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="40C5A0FD46EA964357ECCC7C6A5A63C2">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.109404</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9171CC4A590C799A40B9740277653440">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="50F96E78E2E5DFD82F23E63B198DA30F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.109404</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="2E3203E74F4A6CDE3C41C6AC08C203D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="results">
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<treatment id="F1CD298B69C15F1593099AFB0AAF3824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F1CD298B69C15F1593099AFB0AAF3824" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F1CD298B69C15F1593099AFB0AAF3824" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<subSubSection id="A3E31B1D02FF53732F84786590500D00" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="459E4197290F14C20BA161317730D181" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName id="8389048A26F42C4767FD0F1FCECB0F5A" LSID="F1CD298B-69C1-5F15-9309-9AFB0AAF3824" authority="Z. F. Yu & T. T. Jing" authorityName="Z. F. Yu & T. T. Jing" authorityYear="2023" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Trichoderma variegatum" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="variegatum" status="sp. nov.">Trichoderma variegatum Z.F. Yu & T.T. Jing</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="66DBD767BBE66D0DC56FC2BA7821A92E" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4B54D1143A075D10A08ABBAD2F6A6D5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph id="38D4A60DDEC8F3089A8B6938F3FDB774" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<figureCitation id="C1DC47C9F774D319CA85AC0A0851679C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphology of Trichoderma variegatum (YMF 1.7533) A-D cultures on PDA, 8 d; SNA, 9 d; CMA, 9 d; PDA, 4 d E, F, H, I conidiophores and phialides G conidia. Scale bars: 10 μm (E-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.99.109404.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/902909" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9AD162DC0FC3E9538B3D5F40B59D06D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="19846AFA2E7E271EBE89DFEA6E6A14C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CAE0C2D0B165904B80BD17C01B02689F" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Referring to the luteous, orange to amber, variable coloration of the colonies on cultures media.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="76AFB0D6B0B403F64405920B34071464" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph id="474DB20DDDDB84300E1D839FA0FAD59A" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="24F475D60C3B41C75319E773BA61B966" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<emphasis id="0ADED31742FB91EAFF387364131A9189" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Sexual morph</emphasis>
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: Unknown.
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<emphasis id="65EE10A3FF2333C8C227A890416C0FEF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Asexual morph</emphasis>
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: Conidiophores straight or curved, asymmetry, sparsely branches, cylindrical mostly sterile to the apex. Often with a main axis, frequently tips sterile, disposed, relatively distant distribution at right angles to the axis or slightly oriented towards the conidiophore terminus, often solitary, not or rebranched once. Phialide lageniform to subulate, sometimes cylindrical, often with a narrow neck, discrete or integrated, solitary or in whorls of 2-3 (-4), (9.5-) 9.8-14.6 (-15.4)
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<normalizedToken id="81B97BE91D0AFE3E22B0FE31330174E7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(3.2-) 3.5-5.4 (-6.7)
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<normalizedToken id="8619D6093C63B91A2C8549D71E7D7473" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, l/w ratio (1.9-) 2.1-4.3 (-4.6), 2.2-3.4
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<normalizedToken id="753CA7EB1C8355459B4A4724C58CF9D3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide at the base, widest around the middle. Conidia ellipsoidal to oblong, sometimes obovate, green, smooth, (4.3-) 4.7-7.4 (-8.6)
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<normalizedToken id="43382AE09E7C7CF794C1016BD51113EA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2.7-) 3.0-4.1 (-4.3)
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<normalizedToken id="4BC39B705EFD0ED26BD5C433EC6A65B7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(mean = 6.1
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<normalizedToken id="0CB4EE71843FC38117729C5B68921705" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.5
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<normalizedToken id="66C7EAE6A6C4194A053AA5A60F9AD61C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, n=50), l/w ratio (1.0-) 1.4-2.0 (-2.2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E15F8C2A0949FB99D8525487D46A0CB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph id="46DA7B61E733665B31E88E941B57ACAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Culture characteristics.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FADA8D360485F525E20B60754FAA3F6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Optimum temperature for growth 25 °C. No growth at 35 °C in CMA, PDA and SNA.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="15B8275F41DF4DB88A1E49D329361412" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Colony radius on CMA after 72 h: 20-22 mm at 25 °C, 14-15 mm at 30 °C, covering the plate after 8 days at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, indistinctly zonate, aerial hyphae nearly lacking. Conidiation starting after 8 days, formed on aerial hyphae. Chlamydospores common, subglobose to globose, smooth, terminal and intercalary, 5.3-13.4
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<normalizedToken id="C317B0F00BCE2322F1FB20241812801D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5.0-11.3
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<normalizedToken id="2CC9AE819BD02B36F73185302F2B3C19" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. No distinct odor noted, yellow pigment noted.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7662A7D440CE21311C3C749583C9A1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Colony radius on PDA after 72 h: 30-32 mm at 25 °C, 27-29 mm at 30 °C, cover the plate after 6 days at 25 °C. Colony dense, aerial hyphae abundant, margin slightly lobed, forming numerous small yellow pigment droplets on the surface in the mature phase. Conidiation started after 8 days, formed on aerial hyphae. Chlamydospores abundant, subglobose to globose, smooth, terminal and intercalary, 5.5-10.6
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<normalizedToken id="07DFC27F5A217300EA0B57EAEF99931E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5.3-10.1
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<normalizedToken id="8F38D785A6BDBD4D7DA2396CB27D55BF" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. No distinct odor noted, yellow to brownish pigment diffusing into the agar.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="51CC9B3B1E250EF3F34EE081EADA3180" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Colony radius on SNA after 72 h: 18-22 mm at 25 °C, 17-19 mm at 30 °C, covering the plate after 8 days at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, not zonate, aerial hyphae sparse, relatively abundant at margin, arachnoid. Conidiation formed after 7 days, formed on aerial hyphae. Chlamydospores common, subglobose to globose, smooth, terminal and intercalary, 5.8-12.3
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<normalizedToken id="AD268F823DE0B8D9576BDD20C2E6EDDC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5.7-11.4
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<normalizedToken id="1329B1D5BCBBD45E6A15D5EDC3B111A2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. No distinct odor noted, yellow pigment noted.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4954A5B8049F702B13D28A9C93C144DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="27BCEE58B3E6D146CA6BB1163D8AD87A" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Materials examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="467FB345206ECB02B7D60BB2B531C6F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<materialsCitation id="E212955495DC38C4A8DC9258482A2D53" collectingDate="2021-10-25" collectorName="T. T. Jing" country="China" county="Zhaotong" location="Xiaocaoba Town" municipality="Yiliang county" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="6AA0802936B6B174DAFF236F81C899AE" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="8A92B994D3B104BE262F0EF03E96730F" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="8A3F4D51350BFB211527105CE879C493">Zhaotong</collectingCounty>
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city,
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<collectingMunicipality id="7D19D676188C32953458A4BE76FB008D">Yiliang county</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="7DD666AACB0231C2F8FD9C20E2143252" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F1CD298B69C15F1593099AFB0AAF3824:7DD666AACB0231C2F8FD9C20E2143252" country="China" county="Zhaotong" municipality="Yiliang county" name="Xiaocaoba Town" stateProvince="Yunnan province">Xiaocaoba Town</location>
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, on diseased
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<taxonomicName id="2BDA2687C26F2A03E89CD1728C5A0EAA" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1856" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gastrodia elata" order="Orchidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="elata">
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<emphasis id="67859A421963D09E748283FC3D7B7A3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Gastrodia elata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<collectingDate id="3AD075F3B68CD360F855474DE39399F4" value="2021-10-25">25 Oct 2021</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="11881BA64AC3B29AA1969AC71F6E5AE0">T.T. Jing</collectorName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="688BB830C58269D14FF732D97FCCEEC9">holotype</typeStatus>
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YMF 1.7533). Ibid. (cultures: YMF 1.7532 and YMF 1.7534)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94CCE0B1D8F5EF3F48F3CDE46726F8AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="notes">
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<paragraph id="8135FA7E70FB9076C15529B78308B881" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D2208ECB67970DF92E2E7FE22668F79A" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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Phylogenetically,
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<taxonomicName id="FB56BC78AFB2634DA2B772799E6E7570" lsidName="T. variegatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="variegatum">
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<emphasis id="CD686345D1BF61E78E6BE648E7850170" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">T. variegatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="C79DEB0A9DAD94F68BFD9A4D53981B0B" lsidName="T. hunanense" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="hunanense">
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<emphasis id="1B6DF9D5C38D52D5A585A949DA022C2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">T. hunanense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Spirale clade.
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<taxonomicName id="1BBC7434279A5040658B5833D4A74A50" lsidName="T. hunanense" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="hunanense">
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<emphasis id="9D22DDB32C0A66ECF3E9B9FC5C6E3384" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">T. hunanense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be easily distinguished by much shorter conidia ((3.6-) 4.2-5.6 (-7.5)
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<normalizedToken id="AEADEDAE6DA57F3D7855D93686D3AB13" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) and not producing chlamydospore (
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<bibRefCitation id="59CD056DCCE92BC54C3E6C5AEB02B055" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07807-3" author="Chen, K" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="1 - 37" refId="B16" refString="Chen, K, Zhuang, WY, 2017a. Discovery from a large-scaled survey of Trichoderma in soil of China. Scientific Reports 7 (1): 1 - 37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07807-3" title="Discovery from a large-scaled survey of Trichoderma in soil of China." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07807-3" volume="7" year="2017 a">Chen and Zhuang 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Moreover,
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<taxonomicName id="13C0A61B3187FBEB73FDA83EFC00CF51" lsidName="T. hunanense" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="hunanense">
|
||
<emphasis id="6F4A55E82B41722E2A340036BE60B78D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">T. hunanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows faster on PDA (46-47 mm after 3 days at 25 °C) and SNA (27-28 mm after 3 days at 25 °C) and forms green pustules in culture compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77768AC4A8E7E961B8571DC628B4F151" lsidName="T. variegatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="variegatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="E430811630DECEDBF759DF87BA5D50D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">T. variegatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1088A77AB994D0A65A5DD5700A0E6D37" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07807-3" author="Chen, K" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="1 - 37" refId="B16" refString="Chen, K, Zhuang, WY, 2017a. Discovery from a large-scaled survey of Trichoderma in soil of China. Scientific Reports 7 (1): 1 - 37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07807-3" title="Discovery from a large-scaled survey of Trichoderma in soil of China." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07807-3" volume="7" year="2017 a">Chen and Zhuang 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6A0C33BFCCEFC43DD5B479CD3B09966C" doi="10.3897/mycokeys.99.109404.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/902909" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="1522E5F2871E770510CACAE2C82EE0B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA12759099B8EFAFE20EA864ABCFFEDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCA14DE9FA0BE1CFB541EA05AC74DBBF" authorityName="Z. F. Yu & T. T. Jing" authorityYear="2023" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Trichoderma variegatum" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="variegatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD735A6F0ACF504AE3204D465EC8C518" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Trichoderma variegatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(YMF 1.7533)
|
||
<emphasis id="1AF5FAC1F6B326087B7A195C7ECFB35D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
cultures on PDA, 8d; SNA, 9d; CMA, 9d; PDA, 4d
|
||
<emphasis id="9EEFDBF6D0E62E6A07431D8568C60DDC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">E, F, H, I</emphasis>
|
||
conidiophores and phialides
|
||
<emphasis id="85CAAEA1A5FFDA660C36991614AA13D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">G</emphasis>
|
||
conidia. Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B9E72ACC416C5C1E964400C9AC502D8A" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="96001A5E6D675F3F372EE6199DC8BAC1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">E-I</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |