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<document id="1AB67A3AC08C31246EFEB3D97B8BD442" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.195113" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ac79dfcb-3922-4aaf-8bfd-f5679b18b704" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="195113" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460222376162" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dubois, Alain &amp; Bour, Roger" docDate="2010" docId="03D887CCFFE3FFAB24FBFDA7FE4DFBC9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02447p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2447" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lacertus aquatilis Garsault 1764" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFE1FFB4FFFAFFB2246CFF97FFFAFFEE" masterDocTitle="The nomenclatural status of the nomina of amphibians and reptiles created by Garsault (1764), with a parsimonious solution to an old nomenclatural problem regarding the genus Bufo (Amphibia, Anura), comments on the taxonomy of this genus, and comments on some nomina created by Laurenti (1768)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1698237917713" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="60A24D0262CD1D1B38AC191E1AEAF9EA">The nomenclatural status of the nomina of amphibians and reptiles created by Garsault (1764), with a parsimonious solution to an old nomenclatural problem regarding the genus Bufo (Amphibia, Anura), comments on the taxonomy of this genus, and comments on some nomina created by Laurenti (1768)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BEE523FCB323D2CA89EEBA92BFB05E73">Dubois, Alain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2A8ACEE137630061EC3611F328FC5C2F">Bour, Roger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0C68DFF40B235DAAA774E29A61E791D0">2010</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BCE36DAFFE3FFAB24FBFDA7FDCAFDA4" blockId="25.[151,560,560,586]" box="[151,560,560,586]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D08681B6FFE3FFAB24FBFDA7FDCAFDA4" bold="true" box="[151,560,560,586]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB24FBFDA7FDCAFDA4" ID-CoL="3RMYH" authority="Garsault, 1764" authorityName="Garsault" authorityYear="1764" box="[151,560,560,586]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Lacertus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquatilis">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB24FBFDA7FDCAFDA4" bold="true" box="[151,560,560,586]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB24FBFDA7FE8AFDA4" bold="true" box="[151,368,560,586]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Lacertus aquatilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB251BFDA7FDCAFDA4" author="Garsault" box="[375,560,560,586]" pageId="25" pageNumber="40" refString="Garsault, F. A. P. de (1764) Les Figures des plantes et animaux d'usage en medecine, decrits dans la Matiere Medicale de Mr. Geoffroy Medecin. Paris, [i - v] + 1 - 20, pl. 644 - 729." type="book chapter" year="1764">Garsault, 1764</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCE36DAFFE3FFAB24FBFDE5FE4DFBC9" blockId="25.[151,1437,626,1063]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
The plate 674 of
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB2507FDE5FDD7FD62" author="Garsault" box="[363,557,626,652]" pageId="25" pageNumber="40" refString="Garsault, F. A. P. de (1764) Les Figures des plantes et animaux d'usage en medecine, decrits dans la Matiere Medicale de Mr. Geoffroy Medecin. Paris, [i - v] + 1 - 20, pl. 644 - 729." type="book chapter" year="1764">Garsault (1764)</bibRefCitation>
shows his species
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB277BFDE4FC0CFD62" box="[791,1014,627,652]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Lacertus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquatilis">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB277BFDE4FC0CFD62" box="[791,1014,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Lacertus aquatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or “Salamandre deau”. The plate provides a good drawing of a breeding male of the newt species currently known (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB20FDFD0FFAC1FD5C" author="Raffaelli" box="[1169,1339,664,690]" pageId="25" pageNumber="44" refString="Raffaelli, J. (2007) Les Urodeles du monde. Plumelec, Penclen edition, [i - vi] + 1 - 377." type="book chapter" year="2007">Raffaëlli 2007</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB212BFD0FFE98FD39" author="Dubois" pageId="25" pageNumber="39" refString="Dubois, A. &amp; Raffaelli, J. (2009) A new ergotaxonomy of the family Salamandridae Goldfuss, 1820 (Amphibia, Urodela). Alytes, 26 (1 - 4), 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="2009">Dubois &amp; Raffaëlli 2009</bibRefCitation>
) as
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB25FFFD29FCD0FD39" authority="Laurenti, 1768" authorityName="Laurenti" authorityYear="1768" box="[403,810,701,727]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Triturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB25FFFD29FD9AFD39" box="[403,608,702,727]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Triturus cristatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB261CFD2AFCDBFD39" author="Laurenti" box="[624,801,701,727]" pageId="25" pageNumber="42" refString="Laurenti, J. N. (1768) Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin Reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota Reptilium austriacorum. Viennae, Joan. Thom. Nob. de Trattnern, i - ii + 1 - 215, pl. 1 - 5." type="book chapter" year="1768">Laurenti, 1768</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(family
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB27FDFD29FAE9FD39" authority="Goldfuss, 1820" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1820" box="[913,1299,701,727]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB27FDFD29FBABFD39" box="[913,1105,702,727]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">SALAMANDRIDAE</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB2035FD2AFAE9FD39" author="Goldfuss" box="[1113,1299,701,727]" pageId="25" pageNumber="40" refString="Goldfuss, G. A. (1820) Handbuch der Zoologie. Dritter Theil, zweite Abtheilung. Nurnberg, Johann Leonhard Schrag, i - xxiv + 1 - 512, pl. 3 - 4." type="book chapter" year="1820">Goldfuss, 1820</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Given the quality of the drawing, showing the dorsal fins on the body and tail, it was most likely drawn from a living specimen, probably from the Paris region, where this subspecies was then common, although nowadays it is rarer there (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB2547FCBAFDB9FCA9" author="Dubois" box="[299,579,813,839]" pageId="25" pageNumber="39" refString="Dubois, A. &amp; Ohler, A. (1988) Expertise batrachologique des mares de Nointel (Val d'Oise). Paris, Societe Batrachologique de France, 1 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1988">Dubois &amp; Ohler 1988</bibRefCitation>
). Simply following priority, the species currently known as
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB2154FCB9FEFBFC82" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Triturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB2154FCB9FEFBFC82" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Triturus cristatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should now be known as
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB262EFCC4FCE3FC82" box="[578,793,851,876]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Triturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquatilis">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB262EFCC4FCE3FC82" box="[578,793,851,876]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Triturus aquatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a nomen that has never been used since 1764. This change would no doubt be disturbing for communication among zoologists, as since its creation and for almost 200 years, the nomen
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB2599FC09FD38FC59" box="[501,706,926,951]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Triturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB2599FC09FD38FC59" box="[501,706,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Triturus cristatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been associated with the crested newt of western Europe (for a list of more than 25 recent references, see e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB2693FC55FC59FC32" author="Arntzen" box="[767,931,962,988]" pageId="25" pageNumber="36" refString="Arntzen, J. W. (2003) Triturus cristatus Superspezies - Kammolch-Artenkreis. In: K. Grossenbacher &amp; B. Thiesmeier (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas, Band 4 / IIA, Wiebelsheim, Aula-Verlag, 421 - 514." type="book chapter" year="2003">Arntzen 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 482514). We therefore use Article 23.9.1 of the
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB2489FC7FFEDEFBEF" box="[229,292,1000,1025]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Code</emphasis>
to reject the nomen
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB2671FC7FFC4BFBEC" authority="Garsault, 1764" authorityName="Garsault" authorityYear="1764" box="[541,945,1000,1026]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Lacertus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquatilis">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB2671FC7FFD02FBEF" box="[541,760,1000,1025]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Lacertus aquatilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB276CFC7FFC4BFBEC" author="Garsault" box="[768,945,1000,1026]" pageId="25" pageNumber="40" refString="Garsault, F. A. P. de (1764) Les Figures des plantes et animaux d'usage en medecine, decrits dans la Matiere Medicale de Mr. Geoffroy Medecin. Paris, [i - v] + 1 - 20, pl. 644 - 729." type="book chapter" year="1764">
Garsault,
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in favour of its junior doxisonym
<taxonomicName id="4C714D59FFE3FFAB213FFC7FFE48FBC9" authority="Laurenti, 1768" authorityName="Laurenti" authorityYear="1768" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Triton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B905EAC8FFE3FFAB213FFC7FFF06FBC9" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Triton cristatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B2BFFE3FFAB256FFB9AFE48FBC9" author="Laurenti" box="[259,434,1037,1063]" pageId="25" pageNumber="42" refString="Laurenti, J. N. (1768) Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin Reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota Reptilium austriacorum. Viennae, Joan. Thom. Nob. de Trattnern, i - ii + 1 - 215, pl. 1 - 5." type="book chapter" year="1768">Laurenti, 1768</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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