239 lines
22 KiB
XML
239 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E9A0833AC8832E15AF11FBFB61D01D6A">Systematic Review Of The Frog Family Hylidae, With Special Reference To Hylinae: Phylogenetic Analysis And Taxonomic Revision</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ED48071D11BE8B738AE6E6972FE63A06">FAIVOVICH, JULIÁN</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3B820686B2FB07BACEB8AA4ECE1DFAD0">HADDAD, CÉLIO F. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="292FE1CF32B30DF409A9EC909291B3DD">GARCIA, PAULO C. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1D2C5205CDEED689E03EAED00C980508">FROST, DARREL R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="69555586212AF5C11B02688A59E9E958">WHEELER, WARD C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A47050E29971D35419224F93DB0DED89">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D347EAE96376D72A31830A730D43C9C5">2005</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C36B6538FFB6890EFF15FF18CC55FF15" box="[201,572,193,216]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFF15FF18CC55FF15" blockId="89.[201,572,193,216]" box="[201,572,193,216]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<heading id="D08681DFFFB6890EFF15FF18CC55FF15" box="[201,572,193,216]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFF15FF18CC55FF15" ID-CoL="434M" authority="Fitzinger, 1843" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[201,572,193,216]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFF15FF18CFE8FF15" box="[201,385,193,216]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Dendropsophus</emphasis>
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Fitzinger, 1843
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36B6538FFB6890EFF44FF2DCFE0FE73" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFF44FF2DCCE2FEC6" blockId="89.[123,652,244,659]" box="[152,651,244,267]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<collectionCode id="ED60AE76FFB6890EFF44FF2DCF58FEC6" box="[152,305,244,267]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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SPECIES
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</collectionCode>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFE9DFF2DCCE2FEC6" authority="Daudin, 1800" authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1800" box="[321,651,244,267]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFE9DFF2DCF8CFEC6" box="[321,485,244,267]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hyla frontalis</emphasis>
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Daudin, 1800
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFFA7FECBCCE2FEE4" blockId="89.[123,652,244,659]" box="[123,651,273,297]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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(5
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFF77FECBCC39FEE4" authority="Beireis, 1783" authorityName="Beireis" authorityYear="1783" box="[171,592,274,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucophyllata">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFF77FECBCFFEFEE4" box="[171,407,274,297]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Rana leucophyllata</emphasis>
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Beireis, 1783
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</taxonomicName>
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), by
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFFA7FEF6CF04FE8B" blockId="89.[123,652,244,659]" box="[123,365,303,326]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">original designation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFFA7FE80CFE0FE73" blockId="89.[123,652,244,659]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFFA7FE80CF16FEA3" authority="Tschudi, 1838" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[123,383,345,366]" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFFA7FE80CE8BFEA3" box="[123,226,345,366]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Lophopus</emphasis>
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Tschudi, 1838
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54CA8811FFB6890EFE56FE80CFD6FEA3" box="[394,447,345,366]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFDC3FE80CF5CFE45" authority="Daudin" authorityName="Daudin" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFDC3FE80CEB7FE44" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hyla marmorata</emphasis>
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Daudin
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</taxonomicName>
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(5
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFEBAFEADCEA2FE6E" authority="Laurenti, 1768" authorityName="Laurenti" authorityYear="1768" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFEBAFEADCC4BFE44" box="[358,546,372,393]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Bufo marmoratus</emphasis>
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Laurenti, 1768
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</taxonomicName>
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), by monotypy. Primary homonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFDBBFE57CFECFE73" authority="Dumeril, 1837" authorityName="Dumeril" authorityYear="1837" class="Phylactolaemata" family="Lophopodidae" genus="Lophopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plumatellida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFDBBFE57CEB7FE73" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Lophopus</emphasis>
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Duméril, 1837
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36B6538FFB6890EFFA7FE1DCFD3FD5E" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFFA7FE1DCEB6FD8E" blockId="89.[123,652,244,659]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFFA7FE1DCFA2FE15" authority="Reinhardt and Lutken" authorityName="Reinhardt and Lutken" box="[123,459,451,473]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hylella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFFA7FE1DCEA1FE14" box="[123,200,452,473]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hylella</emphasis>
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Reinhardt and Lütken
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, ‘‘1861’’ [1862].
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<typeStatus id="54CA8811FFB6890EFF4FFE07CEA1FE3E" box="[147,200,478,499]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFEFBFE07CE94FDC3" authority="Reinhardt and Lutken, 1862" authorityName="Reinhardt and Lutken" authorityYear="1862" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hylella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenera">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFEFBFE07CFD7FE3E" box="[295,446,478,499]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hylella tenera</emphasis>
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Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862
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</taxonomicName>
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(5
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFEF1FE20CC32FDC3" authority="Spix, 1824" authorityName="Spix" authorityYear="1824" box="[301,603,505,526]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bipunctata">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFEF1FE20CFB3FDC3" box="[301,474,505,526]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hyla bipunctata</emphasis>
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Spix, 1824
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</taxonomicName>
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), by subsequent designation of Smith and Taylor (1948).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFFA7FD90CFD3FD5E" blockId="89.[123,652,244,659]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFFA7FD90CF80FD93" authority="Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityYear="1926" box="[123,489,585,606]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Guntheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFFA7FD90CE8FFD93" box="[123,230,585,606]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Güntheria</emphasis>
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||
MirandaRibeiro, 1926
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54CA8811FFB6890EFE24FD90CC44FD93" box="[504,557,585,606]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFF4FFDBDCFA2FDB5" authority="Gunther, 1869" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1869" box="[147,459,611,633]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasynota">
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||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFF4FFDBDCF45FDB4" box="[147,300,612,633]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hyla dasynota</emphasis>
|
||
Günther, 1869
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(5
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFE25FDBDCF78FD5E" authority="Cope, 1868" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1868" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senicula">
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||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFE25FDBDCCE2FDB4" box="[505,651,612,633]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hyla senicula</emphasis>
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Cope, 1868
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</taxonomicName>
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), by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36B6538FFB6890EFF44FD69CF7AFB89" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFF44FD69CF7AFB89" blockId="89.[123,652,688,1741]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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||
DIAGNOSIS: This genus is diagnosed by 33 transformations in nuclear and mitochondrial protein and ribosomal genes. See appendix 5 for a complete list of these molecular synapomorphies. Karyological evidence is the presence of 30 chromosomes. Morphological synapomorphies of this clade are possibly the extreme reduction in the quadratojugal (also occurs in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFE95FC43CF86FC7C" authorityName="Hoffmann" authorityYear="1878" box="[329,495,922,945]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Cophomantini">Cophomantini</taxonomicName>
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and
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFDEBFC43CCEAFC7C" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[567,643,922,945]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Hylini">Hylini</taxonomicName>
|
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) and a 1/2 labial tooth row formula (known instance of homoplasy in
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFE6FFC0CCC2EFC21" authorityName=": Lutz" authorityYear="1929" box="[435,583,981,1004]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anceps">
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<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFE6FFC0CCC2EFC21" box="[435,583,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hyla anceps</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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; subsequent reductions in the formula in some clades) (Duellman and Trueb, 1983; Wogel et al., 2000).
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36B6538FFB6890EFF44FB93CDBEFDD6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFF44FB93CFEFF9F4" blockId="89.[123,652,688,1741]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
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COMMENTS: This genus contains all species formerly placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFEB5FBB1CFCBFBB2" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Trueb" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[361,418,1128,1151]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFEB5FBB1CFCBFBB2" box="[361,418,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that are known or suspected to have 30 chromosomes. However, the fact that the karyotype of its sister taxon,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFF11FB19CF52FB1A" box="[205,315,1216,1239]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Xenohyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFF11FB19CF52FB1A" box="[205,315,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Xenohyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is still unknown, precludes the 30chromosome condition to be considered a synapomorphy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFE43FB22CC3EFADF" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[415,599,1275,1298]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFE43FB22CC3EFADF" box="[415,599,1275,1298]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Dendropsophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because it could be a synapomorphy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFD8DFAC1CF6AFA80" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFD8DFAC1CF6AFA80" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Dendropsophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFEF1FAEFCFF2FA80" box="[301,411,1334,1357]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Xenohyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFEF1FAEFCFF2FA80" box="[301,411,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Xenohyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A similar situation occurs with two muscle characters. Burton (2004) suggested that the m. contrahentis hallucis reduced or absent and the presence of m. flexor teres hallucis are synapomorphies of this group. Unfortunately, both transformations optimize ambiguously because corresponding character states are still unknown in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFECEF9FACFE9F9F7" box="[274,384,1571,1594]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Xenohyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFECEF9FACFE9F9F7" box="[274,384,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Xenohyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFF44F999CD7BFE80" blockId="89.[123,652,688,1741]" lastBlockId="89.[699,1227,193,539]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
While we consider the extreme reduction of the quadratojugal to be a possible morphological synapomorphy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFE2BF9A2CEDBF97D" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFE2BF9A2CEDBF97D" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Dendropsophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we warn that the condition requires further study, because the quadratojugal is reduced as well in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFC46FF18CA00FF15" box="[922,1129,193,216]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Sphaenorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFC46FF18CA00FF15" box="[922,1129,193,216]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Sphaenorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFB7FFF18CD63FF3B" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Xenohyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFB7FFF18CD63FF3B" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Xenohyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Caramaschi, 1989; Duellman and Wiens, 1992; Izecksohn, 1996), although apparently not to the level seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFB86FEC0CD65FE83" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFB86FEC0CD65FE83" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Dendropsophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFD04FE8DCAC1FE0E" blockId="89.[699,1227,193,539]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Bogart (1973), Gruber (2002), Skuk and Langone (1991), and Kaiser et al. (1996) described variation in chromosome morphology for several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D30FFB6890EFC35FE75CAC8FE0E" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[1001,1185,428,451]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EAA1FFB6890EFC35FE75CAC8FE0E" box="[1001,1185,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Dendropsophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE36B3FFB6890EFD04FE10CDBEFDD6" blockId="89.[699,1227,193,539]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">CONTENTS: Eightyeight species, most of them placed in nine species groups, and seven unassigned to group.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |