214 lines
18 KiB
XML
214 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFF3FFF21699F5E0F5E8F103" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Sturnira luisi W. B. Davis 1980" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="551" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="550" updateTime="1658336660348" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760831" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196400447" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760831" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFF3FFF21699F5E0F5E8F103" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFF3FFF21699F5E0F5E8F103" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="551" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<subSubSection box="[1445,1524,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2440,2650,2734]" box="[1445,1524,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<heading box="[1445,1524,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<figureCitation box="[1445,1524,2650,2692]" captionStart="Plate 41: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="59.[123,153,3247,3272]" captionTargetBox="[22,2764,17,3653]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="119. Bidentate Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bidens), 120. Lesser Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira nana), 121. Arata-Thomas Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira aratathomasi), 122. Honduran Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira hondurensis), 123. Burton's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Stwrnira burtonlimi), 124. Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira ludovici), 125. Adriana’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira adrianae), 126. Tschudi’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira oporaphilum), 127. Mistratoan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mistratensis), 128. Soriano’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira sorianoi), 129. Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira koopmanhilli), 130. Talamancan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mordax), 131. Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira perla), 132. Tilda’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira tildae), 133. Hairy Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira erythromos), 134. Bogota Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bogotensis), 135. Greater Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira magna), 136. Northern Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira parvidens), 137. Baker's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bakeri), 138. Little Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira Lilium), 139. Gianna’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira giannae), 140. Dominica Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira angeli), 141. Paulson’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira paulsoni), 142. Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira luisi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459033/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">142.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1540,2133,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2440,2650,2734]" box="[1540,2133,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<heading box="[1540,2133,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<vernacularName box="[1540,2133,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2202,2439,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2440,2650,2734]" box="[2202,2439,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<heading box="[2202,2439,2650,2692]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<taxonomicName authority="W. B. Davis, 1980" authorityName="W. B. Davis" authorityYear="1980" box="[2202,2439,2650,2692]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luisi">
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<emphasis box="[2202,2439,2650,2692]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Sturnira luisi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1441,2367,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[1440,2440,2650,2734]" box="[1441,2367,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<heading box="[1441,2367,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1441,1516,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1525,1682,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Sturnire de Luis</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1703,1794,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1803,2088,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Luis-Gelbschulterfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2110,2201,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2210,2367,2710,2731]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Sturniro de Luis</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2052,2643,2783,2812]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[2051,2645,2783,3206]" box="[2052,2643,2783,2812]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2052,2207,2783,2812]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="W. B. Davis, 1980" authorityName="W. B. Davis" authorityYear="1980" box="[2220,2637,2783,2812]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luisi">Sturnira luisi W. B. Davis, 1980</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[2051,2645,2783,3206]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3819564471" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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“Cariblanco,
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<quantity box="[2246,2348,2822,2851]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" unit="ft" value="3000.0">3000 ft</quantity>
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[=
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<quantity box="[2415,2515,2822,2851]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" unit="m" value="914.0">914 m</quantity>
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],
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<quantity box="[2554,2642,2822,2851]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7702784" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" unit="mi" value="11.0">11 mi.</quantity>
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[= 17-
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<quantity box="[2139,2214,2857,2890]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
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] NE Naranjo,
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<collectingRegion box="[2432,2548,2857,2890]" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[2051,2645,2783,3206]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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Distinction of
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<taxonomicName authority="W. B. Davis, 1980" authorityName="W. B. Davis" authorityYear="1980" box="[2262,2438,2941,2970]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luisi">Sturnira luis:</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName authority="Lilium" authorityName="Lilium" box="[2533,2645,2941,2970]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lilium">S. Lilium</taxonomicName>
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and its associated taxa hampered its proper identification until molecular and morphological analyses validated its status as a distinct species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6803400/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" startId="66.[1438,1575,3215,3244]" targetBox="[1436,2029,2783,3200]" targetPageId="66">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[2051,2645,2783,3206]" lastBlockId="66.[1436,2642,3215,3480]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2051,2227,3138,3167]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known with certainty from
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<collectingCountry box="[2051,2208,3181,3206]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2235,2348,3181,3206]" name="Panama" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, NW
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<collectingCountry box="[2447,2564,3181,3206]" name="Ecuador" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry box="[1438,1575,3215,3244]" name="Suriname" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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, as determined by genetic analyses. Morphologically identified specimens from
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<collectingCountry box="[1516,1653,3253,3282]" name="Colombia" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[1726,1789,3253,3282]" name="Peru" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Peru</collectingCountry>
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require propervalidation.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="551" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="66.[1436,2642,3215,3480]" lastBlockId="67.[130,1337,297,848]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="551" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1437,1698,3294,3323]" pageId="66" pageNumber="550">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 67-74 mm (tailless), ear 14-19 mm, hindfoot 15-19 mm, forearm 41-45 mm; weight 17-25 g. Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat is small and similar to the Northern Yellow-shouldered Bat (S.
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<taxonomicName box="[2253,2383,3373,3402]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvidens">parvidens</taxonomicName>
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) and Baker's Yellow-shouldered Bat (S.
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<taxonomicName box="[1778,1862,3412,3441]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="550" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bakeri">bakeri</taxonomicName>
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). Dorsal furis short (4—=6 mmbetween shoulders) velvety, and typically pale-brown. Dorsal hairs are tricolored, with narrow dark brown basal bands, wider pale gray or silver medial bands, and dark tips. Ventral fur is dark gray, with individual hairs short and bicolored. Shoulders patches are deep yellow, orange, or dark red (most obvious on adult males). Muzzle is blunt, forehead is rounded, and ears and noseleaf are short. Wing membranes are dark brown. Forearm is sparsely haired on dorsal surface. Dorsal surfaces of femur, tibia, and feet are sparsely covered with short hairs, as is free margin of tail membrane. Skull has globular braincase, with slender rostrum. I' are procumbent and at least twice the height of I?, and I, and I, are tricuspidate and subequal in height. Lingual cusps (metaconid and entoconid) of M, and M, are well defined and separated by deep notch. Without certainty about identity of most specimens assigned to S.
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<taxonomicName box="[1273,1329,648,681]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luisi">luisi</taxonomicName>
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, karyotype 1s unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="551" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="67.[130,1337,297,848]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,241,726,759]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Caribbean slope of
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<collectingCountry box="[523,668,726,759]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry box="[711,824,726,759]" name="Panama" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, tropical dry forests and semideciduous lowland forests in western
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<collectingCountry box="[553,671,774,799]" name="Ecuador" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, and disturbed forest and fruit plantations from lowlands up to elevations of ¢.
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<quantity box="[548,641,805,838]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="551" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="67.[1405,2614,294,845]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1407,1682,294,327]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat is expected to be predominantly frugivorous, eating fruits of
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<taxonomicName box="[1804,1917,333,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Solanum</taxonomicName>
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spp. (
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<taxonomicName box="[2005,2164,333,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName box="[2251,2318,333,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Piper</taxonomicName>
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spp. (
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<taxonomicName box="[2404,2565,333,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Piperaceae</taxonomicName>
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). It was attracted to fruits plantations in western
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<collectingCountry box="[2035,2153,377,406]" name="Ecuador" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="551" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="67.[1405,2614,294,845]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1408,1541,412,445]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Reproductive ecology is poorly understood due to confusion with similar species of
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<taxonomicName box="[1551,1659,451,484]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Sturnira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sturnira</taxonomicName>
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, but Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat should be similar to what is known for those species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1406,2234,530,563]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph blockId="67.[1405,2614,294,845]" box="[1406,2234,530,563]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1406,1641,530,563]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat is nocturnal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1408,2347,569,602]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph blockId="67.[1405,2614,294,845]" box="[1408,2347,569,602]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1408,2108,569,602]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="551" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="67.[1405,2614,294,845]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1408,1754,609,642]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Exact limits of the distribution of Luis’s Yellow-shouldered Bat will not be known until all specimens assigned to it and related taxa are reexamined. Additional research on its ecology and population status is needed to clarify conservation threats.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="551" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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||
<paragraph blockId="67.[1405,2614,294,845]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1408,1558,775,800]" pageId="67" pageNumber="551">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Carrera et al. (2010), Davis (1980), Gardner (
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<quantity box="[2038,2104,775,800]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.008" pageId="67" pageNumber="551" unit="g" value="2008.0">2008g</quantity>
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), Hernandez-Canchola & Ledn-Paniagua (2017), Jarrin-Valladares & Clare (2013), Noguera-Urbano et al. (2009), Reid (2009), Velazco & Patterson (2013, 2014).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |