189 lines
15 KiB
XML
189 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFEAFFED1646F68BFBFAF118" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Artibeus amplus Handley 1987" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="576" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="575" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6762008" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6762008" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFEAFFED1646F68BFBFAF118" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFEAFFED1646F68BFBFAF118" lastPageId="92" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<subSubSection box="[1402,1481,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[1397,2342,2353,2487]" box="[1402,1481,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<heading box="[1402,1481,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<figureCitation box="[1402,1481,2353,2403]" captionStart="Plate 44: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="87.[142,171,3248,3273]" captionTargetBox="[12,2759,16,3658]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="187. Brown Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus concolor), 188. Honduran Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus inopinatus), 189. Fraternal Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus fraterculus), 190. Hairy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus hirsutus), 192. Ecuadorian Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aequatorialis), 193. Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus jamaicenss), 194. Dark Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus obscurus), 195. Schwartz’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus schwartzi), 196. Great Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus lLituratus), 197. Large Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus amplus), 198. Flat-faced Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus planirostris), 199. Rosenberg’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus rosenberg), 200. Thomas's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus watsoni), 201. Toltec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus toltecus), 202. Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus phaeotis), 203. Gervais’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus cinereus), 204. Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus anderseni), 205. Little Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus ravus), 206. Aztec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aztecus), 207. Bogota Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus bogotensis), 208. Silvery Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus glaucus), 209. Dwarf Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus gnomus), 210. Jamaican Fig-eating Bat (Ariteus flavescens), 211. Tree Bat (Ardops nichollsi), 212. Red Fruit Bat (Stenoderma rufum), 213. Wrinkle-faced Bat (Centurio senex), 214. Ipanema Broad-nosed Bat (Pygoderma bilabiatum), 215. Visored Bat (Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum), 216. Little White-shouldered Bat (Ametrida centurio), 217. Cuban Fig-eating Bat (Phyllops falcatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459039" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459039/files/figure.png" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">197.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1498,1957,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[1397,2342,2353,2487]" box="[1498,1957,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<heading box="[1498,1957,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<vernacularName box="[1498,1957,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Large Fruit-eating Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2006,2312,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[1397,2342,2353,2487]" box="[2006,2312,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<heading box="[2006,2312,2353,2403]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<taxonomicName authority="Handley, 1987" authorityName="Handley" authorityYear="1987" box="[2006,2312,2353,2403]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amplus">
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<emphasis box="[2006,2312,2353,2403]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Artibeus amplus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[1397,2342,2353,2487]" box="[1399,2342,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<heading box="[1399,2342,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1399,1474,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1482,1674,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Artibée de Handley</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1695,1785,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1792,2030,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Venezuela-Fruchtvampir</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2050,2141,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2149,2342,2421,2442]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Artibeo de Handley</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="91.[1397,2342,2353,2487]" box="[1398,2021,2461,2482]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<heading box="[1398,2021,2461,2482]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1645,2461,2482]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1655,1798,2461,2482]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Giant Artibeus</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1811,2021,2461,2482]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Giant Fruit-eating Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="91.[2010,2604,2527,2956]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2010,2166,2527,2560]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Handley, 1987" authorityName="Handley" authorityYear="1987" box="[2178,2597,2527,2560]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amplus">Artibeus amplus Handley, 1987</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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“Kasmera,
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<quantity box="[2168,2258,2567,2600]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" unit="km" value="21.0">21 km</quantity>
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SW Machiques, Estado
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<collectingRegion box="[2012,2084,2611,2640]" country="Venezuela" name="Zulia" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Zulia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2102,2249,2611,2640]" name="Venezuela" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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,
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<quantity box="[2270,2360,2611,2640]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</quantity>
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, in a damp cave in a cliff across the Rio Yasa from the Kasmera Biological Station, eastern foothills of the Sierra de Perija.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="discussion">
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<taxonomicName box="[2011,2229,2764,2797]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amplus">Artibeus amplus</taxonomicName>
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is in subgenus
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<taxonomicName box="[2491,2597,2764,2797]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Artibeus</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458989/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" targetBox="[1396,1986,2542,2955]" targetPageId="91">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[2010,2604,2527,2956]" lastBlockId="91.[1397,2604,2970,3468]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2010,2186,2848,2877]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Distribution.</emphasis>
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N
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<collectingCountry box="[2252,2391,2848,2877]" name="Colombia" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, W & S
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<collectingCountry name="Venezuela" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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, C & S
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<collectingCountry box="[2212,2320,2891,2916]" name="Guyana" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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, and C
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<collectingCountry box="[2433,2571,2891,2916]" name="Suriname" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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; a record from N
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<collectingCountry box="[2230,2308,2927,2956]" name="Brazil" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(Amazonas State) is considered doubtful.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[1397,2604,2970,3468]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1653,3009,3034]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 80-104 mm (tailless), ear 18-26 mm, hindfoot 17-21 mm, forearm 65-75 mm; weight 46-65 g. The Large Fruit-eating Bat is large, with brown to dark brown dorsal fur; bases of hairs are paler. Fur is short and dense. White stripes are obvious on face. Dorsal fur extends to area of wings between forearm and legs. Rim of noseleaft gradually disappears at base and is continuous with upper lip with no flap of skin. Wingtips are brown, not white like other larges species of
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<taxonomicName box="[2491,2597,3198,3231]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="575" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Artibeus</taxonomicName>
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. Uropatagium is short, with wide margin and sparsely haired. Dorsal surface of feet is covered with short hairs. One specimen was reported with white spots on skin (leucism). Dental formulais1 2/2. C1/1,P 2/2. M 3/3.(
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<date box="[2135,2176,3321,3350]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">x2</date>
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) = 32.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="91" pageNumber="575" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="91.[1397,2604,2970,3468]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1397,1508,3364,3389]" pageId="91" pageNumber="575">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Lowland rainforests, montane forests, secondaryforests, and farmlands, usually near streams and other wetter areas, at elevations of 25-1700 m. The Large Fruiteating Bat is also found in savanna (Llanos) and gallery forests.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="576" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="92.[172,1386,275,863]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[178,442,275,308]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Large Fruit-eating Bat is primarily frugivorous but reportedly eats insects and leaves. Folivory has been documented throughout the year, and leaf juice of seven species of plants is ingested.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="576" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="92.[172,1386,275,863]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[178,315,397,426]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Breeding.</emphasis>
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The Large Fruit-eating Bat is monoestrous, with pregnant females occurring in November—May and peaking in January-February during dry season. Lactating females have been found in February-June and females suckling young in March-April.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="576" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="92.[172,1386,275,863]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[177,413,551,584]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Large Fruit-eating Bat roosts in caves and trees. It has been reported roosting in the “twilight” zone of caves.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="576" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="92.[172,1386,275,863]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[178,880,630,663]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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[Large Fruit-eating Bats are gregarious.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[179,1229,709,742]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="92.[172,1386,275,863]" box="[179,1229,709,742]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[179,528,709,742]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="576" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="92.[172,1386,275,863]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[180,332,756,781]" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Handley (1987), Lim, B.K., Genoways & Engstrom (2003), Marques-Aguiar (2008a), Munoz-Romo et al. (2015), Nogueira,
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<collectingRegion box="[477,527,796,821]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Lima</collectingRegion>
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et al. (2014), Ramoni-Perazzi et al. (2012),
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<collectingRegion box="[991,1087,796,821]" country="Antigua and Barbuda" name="Redonda" pageId="92" pageNumber="576">Redondo</collectingRegion>
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et al. (2008), Ruiz-Ramoni, Muroz-Romoetal. (2011), Ruiz-Ramoni, Ramoni-Perazzi & Mufioz-Romo (2017).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |