204 lines
19 KiB
XML
204 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFB8FFB813B6FEA7FD0CF8F4" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Micronycteris giovanniae R. J. Baker & Fonseca 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="493" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="493" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6715161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6715161" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFB8FFB813B6FEA7FD0CF8F4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFB8FFB813B6FEA7FD0CF8F4" lastPageNumber="493" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[133,1243,285,375]" box="[138,192,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<heading box="[138,192,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<figureCitation box="[138,192,285,331]" captionStart="Plate 35: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="5.[140,170,3304,3329]" captionTargetBox="[27,2763,17,3651]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="1. Californian Leat-nosed Bat (Macrotus californicus), 2. Waterhouse’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Macrotus waterhousu), 3. Orange-throated Bat (Lampronycteris brachyotis), 4. Tiny Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris minuta), 5. Sanborn’s Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris sanborni), 6. Schmidts’ Big-eared Bat (Mucronycteris schmidtorum), 7. Yates’s Big-eared Bat (Micronycleris yaltest), 8. Hairy Big-eared Bat (Muicronycteris hirsuta), 9. Brosset’s Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris brosseti), 10. Giovanni's Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris giovanniae), 11. Matses Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris matses), 12. Litde Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris megalotis), 13. Common Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris microtis), 14. Saint Vincent Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris buriri), 15. Common Vampire Bat (Desmodus rotundus), 16. White-winged Vampire Bat (Diaemus youngii), 17. Hairy-legged Vampire Bat (Diphylla ecaudata), 18. Common Sword-nosed Bat (Lonchorhina aurita), 19. Fernandez’s Sword-nosed Bat (Lonchorhina fernandez), 20. Uncommon Sword-nosed Bat (Lonchorhina inusitata), 21. Orinoco Sword-nosed Bat (Lonchorhina orinocensis), 22. Chiribiquete Sword-nosed Bat (Lonchorhina mankomara), 23. Marinkelle’s Sword-nosed Bat (Lonchorhina marinkellei)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458620/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">10.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[210,722,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[133,1243,285,375]" box="[210,722,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<heading box="[210,722,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<vernacularName box="[210,722,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Giovanni's Big-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[789,1243,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[133,1243,285,375]" box="[789,1243,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<heading box="[789,1243,285,331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<taxonomicName authority="R. J. Baker & Fonseca, 2007" authorityName="R. J. Baker & Fonseca" authorityYear="2007" box="[789,1243,285,331]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giovanniae">
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<emphasis box="[789,1243,285,331]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Micronycteris giovanniae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[134,1236,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[133,1243,285,375]" box="[134,1236,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<heading box="[134,1236,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[134,210,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[219,473,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Micronyctére de Giovanni</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[495,586,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[595,860,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Giovanni-GroRohrblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[881,973,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[983,1236,350,371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Micronicterio de Giovanni</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[745,1338,421,844]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[745,901,421,450]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="R. J. Baker & Fonseca, 2007" authorityName="R. J. Baker & Fonseca" authorityYear="2007" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giovanniae">Micronycteris giovanniae R. J. Baker & Fonseca, 2007</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation latitude="1.0589166" longitude="-78.62242" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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“
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<collectingRegion box="[1124,1287,460,489]" country="Ecuador" name="Esmeraldas" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Esmeraldas</collectingRegion>
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: E.
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<collectingRegion box="[746,923,500,529]" country="Puerto Rico" name="San Lorenzo" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">San Lorenzo</collectingRegion>
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(toward Lita), Finca
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<collectingRegion box="[1222,1336,500,529]" country="Uruguay" name="San Jose" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">San José</collectingRegion>
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(
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<geoCoordinate box="[760,939,535,568]" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" precision="1" seconds="32.1" value="1.0589166">01°3'32.1" N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[956,1178,535,568]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" precision="1" seconds="20.7" value="-78.62242">78°37' 20.7" W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[745,1107,574,607]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[745,1338,421,844]" box="[745,1107,574,607]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458622/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" targetBox="[131,721,425,837]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[745,1338,421,844]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[745,921,614,647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known only from type locality in N
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<collectingRegion box="[857,1149,657,686]" country="Ecuador" name="Esmeraldas" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Esmeraldas Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1165,1283,657,686]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[745,1338,421,844]" lastBlockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[745,994,692,725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body
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<quantity box="[1179,1278,692,725]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity box="[748,844,740,765]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
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, ear
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<quantity box="[913,1011,740,765]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot
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<quantity box="[1161,1256,740,765]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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, forearm
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<quantity box="[812,912,771,804]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="37.0">37 mm</quantity>
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; weight 8-6 g. Greatest length of skull is 20-9 mm (holotype). Species description was made from one specimen prepared as skin, skull, and skeleton; hence, descriptive notes reflect information of external and craniodental characteristics recovered from it. Giovanni’s Big-eared Bat is a medium-sized dark-bellied
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<taxonomicName box="[1172,1338,928,961]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Micronycteris</taxonomicName>
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similar in size to the
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<collectingCountry box="[448,643,972,1001]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Saint Vincent</collectingCountry>
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Big-eared Bat (M. buriri) and Matses Big-eared Bat (
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||
<taxonomicName box="[204,338,1007,1040]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matses">M. matses</taxonomicName>
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) but smaller than the Hairy Big-eared Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[977,1124,1007,1040]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hirsuta">M. hirsuta</taxonomicName>
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). Dorsal fur of Giovanni's Big-eared Bat is uniformly brown and bicolored, with pale bases and brown tips; however, pale bases are reduced on upper back and behind ears, covering only basal one-fifth of hair lengths; on shoulders, they extend over two-fifths of hair lengths. No pale bases are distinguishable in fur on lower dorsal region. In other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[133,300,1204,1237]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Micronycteris</taxonomicName>
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, pale or white bases comprised one-quarter to one-half of hair lengths, uniformly on back and shoulders. Ventral fur is brown and does not clearly contrast with dorsal fur. Uropatagium, wings, forearms, and thumbs are naked. Dorsal hair is long but less than
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<quantity box="[430,512,1327,1356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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, ventral hairis less than
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<quantity box="[871,955,1327,1356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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, and hair behind ears and on inner border of earsis less than
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<quantity box="[639,722,1362,1395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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. Ears are large and rounded, connected by transverse low band that extends across crown of head with evident notch in center of band, which is expected to be shallow, similar to what is seen in all its other darkbellied congeners (this characteristic is not distinguishable in skin voucher). Skull is robust, with elongated and slightly globular rostrum, which is longer than in the Little Big-eared Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[347,514,1559,1592]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalotis">M. megalotis</taxonomicName>
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) and Matses Big-eared Bat but less elongated than in the Hairy Big-eared Bat. Skull of Giovanni's Big-eared Bat has moderately developed sagittal crest and distinguishable lambdoidal crest. Mastoid process is slender and elongated, and it appears to slightly protrude from skull in superior view. Mastoid width is less than zygomatic width. Paroccipital processes are poorly developed and do not exceed occipital condyles. Maxillae are more inflated than in other dark-bellied species. I' are wider and more robust than those in Matses Big-eared Bat and the Little Big-eared Bat, and I* are small and convergent. Lower incisors are small, robust, bilobated, and not hypsodont. Giovanni’s Big-eared Bat has been distinguished from other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[273,439,1915,1948]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Micronycteris</taxonomicName>
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by variation in cytochrome-b and intron 7 ofthe beta-fibrinogen gene (Fgb-17) sequences. These molecular analyses indicated that the holotype is most similar to Matses Big-eared Bat and related closely to a group that includes Little Bigeared Bats and Common Big-eared Bats (
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<taxonomicName box="[725,879,2037,2066]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microtis">M. microtis</taxonomicName>
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). Uncorrected genetic distances between Giovanni's Big-eared Bat and other dark-bellied species range from 5-3% to 9:8% in the complete cytochrome-b gene and from 1% to 5:8% in the Fgb-17 marker. Chromosomal complement of Giovanni's Big-eared Bat has 2n = 40 and FN = 68, similar to that of the Little Big-eared Bat.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,241,2230,2263]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Evergreen lowland forest of Ecuadorian coast (type locality), with typical vegetation from southern border of the
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<collectingRegion box="[650,845,2269,2302]" country="Panama" name="Embera-Wounaan" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Choco region</collectingRegion>
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. Plant community is dominated by species taller than
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<quantity box="[398,470,2309,2342]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
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, especially palms and species of
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<taxonomicName box="[937,1077,2309,2342]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
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. Collection site of the holotype was a private farm consisting of secondary forest that was being deforested. Historically, this area has faced various pressures related to deforestation, habitat fragmentation, and soil loss.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[130,631,2466,2499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" box="[130,631,2466,2499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,392,2466,2499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[130,504,2505,2538]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="breeding">
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||
<paragraph blockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" box="[130,504,2505,2538]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,265,2505,2538]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[129,903,2545,2578]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph blockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" box="[129,903,2545,2578]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,364,2545,2578]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Giovanni's Big-eared Bat is nocturnal.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[130,1070,2585,2618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph blockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" box="[130,1070,2585,2618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,831,2585,2618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,479,2624,2657]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Data Deficient on The [UCN Red List. Giovanni's Big-eared Bat is only known from one specimen.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[131,748,2711,2736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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||
<paragraph blockId="9.[129,1340,853,2736]" box="[131,748,2711,2736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,284,2711,2736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="493">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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||
Fonseca et al. (2007), Larsen et al. (2011).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |