180 lines
14 KiB
XML
180 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFF9FFF9F1396F4E1F68AF771" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Lonchophylla hesperia G. M. Allen 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="530" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="530" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6727838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6727838" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFF9FFF9F1396F4E1F68AF771" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFF9FFF9F1396F4E1F68AF771" lastPageNumber="530" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<subSubSection box="[170,227,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[169,1160,2907,2996]" box="[170,227,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<heading box="[170,227,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<figureCitation box="[170,227,2907,2953]" captionStart="Plate 39: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="43.[109,139,3333,3358]" captionTargetBox="[13,2756,14,3657]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="83. Cadena’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris cadenai), 84. Dashe’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris dashe), 85. Patton’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris pationi), 86. Thomas's Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris thomasi), 87. Chestnut Long-tongued Bat (Lionycteris spurrelli), 88. Brazilian Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla mordax), 89. Chocoan Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla chocoana), 90. Goldman's Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla concava), 91. Pacific Forest Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla fornicata), 92. Orces’s Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla orcesi), 93. Western Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla hesperia), 94. Eastern Cordilleran Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla orienticollina), 95. Handley’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla handleyi), 96. Orange Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla robusta), 97. Dekeyser’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla dekeyseri), 98. Pale-bellied Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla inexpectata), 99. Bokermann’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla bokermanni), 100. Peracchi’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla peracchii), 101. Long-snouted Bat (Platalina genovensium), 102. Vieira’s Long-tongued Bat (Xeronycleris vierrai)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459029/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">93.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[242,650,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[169,1160,2907,2996]" box="[242,650,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<heading box="[242,650,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<vernacularName box="[242,650,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Western Nectar Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[699,1114,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[169,1160,2907,2996]" box="[699,1114,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<heading box="[699,1114,2907,2953]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<taxonomicName authority="G. M. Allen, 1908" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1908" box="[699,1114,2907,2953]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperia">
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<emphasis box="[699,1114,2907,2953]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Lonchophylla hesperia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[170,1159,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[169,1160,2907,2996]" box="[170,1159,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<heading box="[170,1159,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,246,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[255,456,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Lonchophylle dAllen</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[478,568,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[575,860,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">\Westliche Nektarfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[881,972,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[983,1159,2970,2991]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Loncéfilo de Allen</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[783,1375,3037,3465]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[784,939,3037,3070]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="G. M. Allen, 1908" authorityName="G. M. Allen" authorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperia">Lonchophylla hesperia G. M. Allen, 1908</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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“Zorritos,”
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<collectingRegion box="[1141,1252,3081,3110]" country="Peru" name="Tumbes" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Tumbes</collectingRegion>
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Department, northern
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<collectingCountry box="[1013,1081,3116,3149]" name="Peru" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Peru</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[784,1146,3155,3188]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[783,1375,3037,3465]" box="[784,1146,3155,3188]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[784,1351,3195,3228]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458796" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458796" box="[784,1351,3195,3228]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458796/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" targetBox="[169,759,3051,3465]" targetPageId="46">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[783,1375,3037,3465]" box="[784,1351,3195,3228]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[784,960,3195,3228]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Distribution.</emphasis>
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SW
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<collectingCountry box="[1026,1145,3195,3228]" name="Ecuador" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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and NW
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<collectingCountry box="[1280,1347,3195,3228]" name="Peru" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Peru</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[783,1375,3037,3465]" lastBlockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[784,1033,3234,3267]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 59-68 mm, tail 7-13 mm, ear 10-16 mm, hindfoot 8-15 mm, forearm 35-41 mm; weight c.
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<quantity box="[804,865,3353,3386]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" unit="g" value="10.0">10 g</quantity>
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. The Western Nectar Bat is mediumsized. Fur is soft and medium long. Dorsal fur is pale brown; venter is grayish brown and paler than dorsum. Snout is relatively long and slender; noseleaf is short and pointed, and base is broad and without free edges; and ears are short and rounded. Wings are attached to ankles; thumb is shorter than
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<quantity box="[2187,2269,358,387]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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; caudal membrane is short and not conspicuously furred; tail is short, reaching middle of membrane; and calcar shorter than foot. I' are much longer than I?, which are bordered by spaces.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,1557,472,505]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical and subtropical dry forests in tropical arid Pacific coast and rain-shadow desert of the Rio Maranon Valley from sea level to elevations of ¢.
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<quantity box="[2393,2501,512,545]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
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. The Western Nectar Bat is found in primary, secondary, selectively logged, and gallery forests and agricultural zones, such as cornfields and pastures with small patches of natural forest. It is expected to occur in adjacent lowlands. Ecuadorian localities are in subtropical dry forest, known as “Matorral Seco Montano” (dry mountain scrub), which is character ized by annual rainfall of 390-590 mm and annual mean temperature of 23-7°C;terrain is moderately inclined, with slopes of 30% or more. In
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<collectingCountry box="[2237,2353,756,781]" name="Ecuador" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, one Western Nectar Bat was found roosting c.
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<quantity box="[1797,1852,788,821]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
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aboveground in a small, inhabited rustic dwelling, with a single room and no closed attic; it was found roosting with other species of bats such as the Common Vampire Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[1837,2091,867,900]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Desmodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotundus">Desmodus rotundus</taxonomicName>
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), Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat (
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Glossophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="soricina">Glossophaga soricina</taxonomicName>
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), and the Fraternal Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeusfraterculus).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1447,1948,945,978]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" box="[1447,1948,945,978]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,1709,945,978]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1447,2489,985,1018]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" box="[1447,2489,985,1018]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,1582,985,1018]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Breeding.</emphasis>
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In
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<collectingCountry box="[1633,1751,985,1018]" name="Ecuador" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, a male Western Nectar Bat had scrotal testes in July.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1445,2182,1024,1057]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" box="[1445,2182,1024,1057]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1681,1024,1057]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Western Nectar Bats are nocturnal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1447,2387,1068,1097]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" box="[1447,2387,1068,1097]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,2148,1068,1097]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,1788,1103,1136]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Western Nectar Bat is listed as endangered in
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<collectingCountry box="[2049,2166,1143,1176]" name="Ecuador" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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and vulnerable in
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<collectingCountry box="[2445,2511,1143,1176]" name="Peru" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Peru</collectingCountry>
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. It is rare and believed to be threatened by intense clearing of dry forest, diminishing its natural habitat. It does occur in disturbed areas, suggesting some tolerance to human activities.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="530" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="46.[1445,2654,275,1337]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1448,1601,1269,1294]" pageId="46" pageNumber="530">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Albuja (1999), Allen, G.M. (1908), Gardner (1976), Griffiths & Gardner (2008b), Koopman (1978), Pacheco et al. (2007), SERFOR (2018), Tirira (2011, 2017), Tirira et al. (2011), Tuttle (1970).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |