216 lines
22 KiB
XML
216 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="81CF41B72B5660CEDBEB4BA69B63F4EB" ID-CLB-Dataset="58517" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6514377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58bf4faf-7498-4c12-bcb3-b6f085b58978" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6514377" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1635374545975" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03A087C4FFD6FFD7FF05F62EE037F906" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Cervidae_0350.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Rucervus duvaucelii G. Cuvier 1823" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="426" masterDocId="FF99FFBCFFC5FFC4FFCBFFB7E63DFFF9" masterDocTitle="Cervidae" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="350" pageNumber="426" updateTime="1699464900173" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B89126C0B6311123D63D9B6F872D5070">
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<mods:title id="577B565C2EA48169B4EF55AC7B7E72CD">Cervidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="82DDB413AF4F9DAF6949BD12160B0740">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9157E975E5279F104E6659A7E7CFC15">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="7C4E8669C969FEF2EFC0FCABB6B73ACC">2011</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="D760DC4AA1EFB17C7FEA2F755909C81D" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="70E783C9A86B60C207320D5A6399E6E8">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="35B993182C2FC2329D4AD91B06904A14">
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<mods:title id="73DA8130835F04B3F902E23E9DB3DBDF">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4B2CF16A2E9BD0CA5FC80F9702F2D318">
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<treatment id="03A087C4FFD6FFD7FF05F62EE037F906" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6587399" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195657933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6587399" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A087C4FFD6FFD7FF05F62EE037F906" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A087C4FFD6FFD7FF05F62EE037F906" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FF05F62EE739F63A" box="[206,260,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FF05F62EE739F63A" blockId="19.[203,1364,2457,2622]" box="[206,260,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<heading id="D0FE81BEFFD6FFD7FF05F62EE739F63A" box="[206,260,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<figureCitation id="13322A57FFD6FFD7FF05F62EE739F63A" box="[206,260,2457,2499]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="18.[143,175,3415,3436]" captionTargetBox="[12,2817,15,3634]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="On followmg pages 30 Barasıngha (Huoervus duvıuoelıı) 31 Chınose Water Deer (Hydroporos ınermısl 32 Western Roe Deer (Capreolus aıpmolus), 33 Eastern Roe Deer (Capraolus pyyaryus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6554882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6554882/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">30.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<vernacularName id="050A46FCFFD6FFD7FEDEF62EE58DF63A" box="[277,944,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FEDEF62EE7B3F65F" box="[277,508,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FEDEF62EE7B3F65F" blockId="19.[203,1364,2457,2622]" box="[277,508,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<heading id="D0FE81BEFFD6FFD7FEDEF62EE7B3F65F" box="[277,508,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Barasingha.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FDE4F62EE58DF63A" box="[559,944,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FDE4F62EE58DF63A" blockId="19.[203,1364,2457,2622]" box="[559,944,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<heading id="D0FE81BEFFD6FFD7FDE4F62EE58DF63A" box="[559,944,2457,2499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7FDE4F62EE58DF63A" ID-CoL="4TM8M" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" box="[559,944,2457,2499]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Rucervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duvaucelii">Rucervus duvaucelii</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</vernacularName>
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<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FF06F662E790F5C0" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FF06F662E5D0F613" blockId="19.[203,1364,2457,2622]" box="[205,1005,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<heading id="D0FE81BEFFD6FFD7FF06F662E5D0F613" box="[205,1005,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FF06F662E725F613" bold="true" box="[205,280,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050A46FCFFD6FFD7FEEAF662E7F1F613" box="[289,460,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Cerf de Duvaucel</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FE2AF662E401F613" bold="true" box="[481,572,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050A46FCFFD6FFD7FD8DF662E48FF613" box="[582,690,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Barasingha</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FD0CF662E51FF613" bold="true" box="[711,802,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050A46FCFFD6FFD7FCE7F662E5D0F613" box="[812,1005,2517,2538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Ciervo de Duvaucel</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FF07F64BE790F5C0" blockId="19.[203,1364,2457,2622]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<heading id="D0FE81BEFFD6FFD7FF07F64BE790F5C0" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FF07F64BE7FDF5E8" bold="true" box="[204,448,2556,2577]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050A46FCFFD6FFD7FE01F64BE5ADF5E8" box="[458,912,2556,2577]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Swamp Deer; Eastern Barasingha (ranjitsinhi)</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="050A46FCFFD6FFD7FC55F64BE2C9F5E8" box="[926,1268,2556,2577]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Hard-ground Barasingha (branderi)</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="050A46FCFFD6FFD7FACAF64BE790F5C0" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Wetland Barasingha (duvaucelii)</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FCFAF5D9E546F557" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FCFAF5D9E546F557" blockId="19.[817,1404,2670,3088]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FCFAF5D9E5F1F57E" bold="true" box="[817,972,2670,2695]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7FC23F5D9E54BF557" authority="G. Cuvier, 1823" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Cervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duvauceli">Cervus duvauceli G. Cuvier, 1823</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FC4CF526E5CBF557" box="[903,1014,2705,2734]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FC4CF526E5CBF557" blockId="19.[817,1404,2670,3088]" box="[903,1014,2705,2734]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<materialsCitation id="3B613C8FFFD6FFD7FC4CF526E5CBF557" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785196344" box="[903,1014,2705,2734]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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N
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7FC63F526E5CEF557" box="[936,1011,2705,2734]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FCF8F503E299F48A" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FCF8F503E299F48A" blockId="19.[817,1404,2670,3088]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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It is closely related to the extinct Schomburgk’s Deer (
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7FBC7F568E2E0F505" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1036,1245,2783,2812]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Rucervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schomburgki">R. schomburgki</taxonomicName>
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). Its scientific name refers to the French naturalist A. Duvaucel, who explored
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7FB0CF49DE32FF4B2" box="[1223,1298,2858,2891]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
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. Three subspecies are recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FCF8F4CEE4C6F3CE" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="distribution">
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||
<caption id="DF76665AFFD6FFD7FCF8F4CEE4C6F3CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6514495" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6514495" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6514495/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" targetBox="[202,794,2672,3087]" targetPageId="19">
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FCF8F4CEE2FFF463" blockId="19.[817,1404,2670,3088]" box="[819,1218,2937,2970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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||
<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FCF8F4CEE2FFF463" bold="true" box="[819,1218,2937,2970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FCF8F41FE598F410" blockId="19.[817,1404,2670,3088]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7FCF8F41FE2DFF438" authority="G. Cuvier, 1823" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" box="[819,1250,2984,3009]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Rucervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duvaucelii">R. d. duvaucelii G. Cuvier, 1823</taxonomicName>
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— N
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7FAE1F41FE349F438" box="[1322,1396,2984,3009]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
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, S
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7FC87F47BE59CF410" box="[844,929,3020,3049]" name="Nepal" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FCFFF440E309F3E9" blockId="19.[817,1404,2670,3088]" box="[820,1332,3063,3088]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7FCFFF440E298F3E9" box="[820,1189,3063,3088]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">R. d. branderi Pocock, 1943</taxonomicName>
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— C
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7FB2DF440E30DF3E9" box="[1254,1328,3063,3088]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FF06F3A1E4C6F3CE" blockId="19.[203,1404,3094,3441]" box="[205,763,3094,3127]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7FF06F3A1E469F3CE" box="[205,596,3094,3127]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">R. d. ranpitsinhi Groves, 1982</taxonomicName>
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— NE
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7FD66F3A1E4CAF3CE" box="[685,759,3094,3127]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FF00F38AEC52FE15" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FF00F38AEC52FE15" blockId="19.[203,1404,3094,3441]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FF00F38AE7FCF3A7" bold="true" box="[203,449,3133,3166]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 180-190 cm, tail 14-19 cm, shoulder height 120-135 cm for males (stags) and
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||
<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7FE31F3DFE467F37C" box="[506,602,3176,3205]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="cm" value="115.0">115 cm</quantity>
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for females (hinds); weight of adult stags 170-200 kg (up to
|
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<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7FF3BF33BE776F354" box="[240,331,3212,3245]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="kg" value="270.0">270 kg</quantity>
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||
) and adult hinds 140-145 kg. Stags are about 30% heavier than hinds. Largesized deer with a relatively short tail, large and rounded ears. The coat is basically golden brown to reddish-brown in summer, with a dark brown dorsal stripe and whitish underparts. In winter the coatis grayish-brown. Males have a poorly developed neck mane. Newborn calves are spotted. Antlers are dichotomously branched in the upper third of the beam, and each branch is also dichotomously branched. Most adults have five to name “barasingha" means twelve-pointed in six times per beam; the common llong: up lo
|
||
<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7F703FE80EF1AFEB7" box="[2248,2343,311,334]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="cm" value="104.0">104 cm</quantity>
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. Pedicles begin to grow Hindi. Adult antlers UC generally *
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<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7F86EFEE5EE2EFE8E" box="[1957,2067,312,375]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="cm" value="70.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="60.0">60-80 cm</quantity>
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||
are z antlers spikes. Antler cyles are iocally synchrtr at about:seven months. The first g “am ¡n April, in ranjitsinhi in October. nilnıl in subspecies dui-imizlu antler casti and in in May-June. or sandy grasslands; also in forests
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FA02FE52EC5AFBC0" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FA02FE52EFDAFD68" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FA02FE52E005FE04" bold="true" box="[1481,1592,485,509]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Barasinghas occur mainly in marschy glades. Nonhem subspecies inhabit flooded with an abundant grass layer and gmss lives in dry grassland bordering tall gmsslandfi The open central Indian subspecies sal forest. on grasses and aquatic plants'
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FA0DFD36EC53FD49" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Food and Feeding, Pnmarily a feeding grazer. of Females age. They are apparently monoestrous.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FA0EFD10EC28FC32" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
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Breeding' reach suberty at mo vears ' Maung î occurs ın October-January in Males begin ze to rfpwduce - rrom tour years of subspecies ranjitsinhi, I rn December-Febnrary rn branderi2.
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7F995FD41E0DCFCF7" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" box="[1630,1761,758,782]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Rucervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duvaucelii">duvaucelii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in April August in Males move m mdiuoml] nmmg 'where bugling_ and wallowing_ are common. ground; After f abo 1 250 ds' give birth to a single fawn weighing around a pmgnancy „ da“ hi"
|
||
<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7FA09FCD4E3C7FC7F" box="[1474,1530,867,902]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="kg" value="7.0">7 kg</quantity>
|
||
. CÁI-; remain hidden for 10-Weaning occurs at six months ofage. Maxic 15 days. mum longevity in captivity is 21 of age. _ Tigers (Panthera _ tigris) are the main_ preda- years tom of adults. Goldenjarkals (Canis aumuzfomcümes kl" calves and Yearllngs-
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FA74FC60EC5AFBC0" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FA74FC60EEA8FC0A" bold="true" box="[1471,2197,979,1013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
a gregarious species. Males form small male groups and females small family groups. During the rutting season Barasinghas form mixed-sex groups. Aggregations of up to 250 animals are observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FA75FB88EFD0FB99" box="[1470,2541,1087,1120]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FA75FB88EFD0FB99" box="[1470,2541,1087,1120]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FA75FB88E095FB99" bold="true" box="[1470,1704,1087,1120]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Active during early morning, afternoon, and early evening.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3136559FFD6FFD7FA0BFBD0E037F906" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636D2FFD6FFD7FA0BFBD0E037F906" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FA0BFBD0E11CFB71" bold="true" box="[1472,1825,1127,1160]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Originally it was widely distributed in the grasslands of the Indo-Gangetic plain and the lowlands bordering the southern Himalaya, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7F830FB02EE53FB2F" box="[2043,2158,1205,1238]" name="Pakistan" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
to southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7F6EDFB02EF47FB2F" box="[2342,2426,1205,1238]" name="Nepal" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CDF830FFD6FFD7F641FB02EFD9FB2F" box="[2442,2532,1205,1238]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Assam</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and Sundarbans to central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7F91BFB6AE126FB07" box="[1744,1819,1245,1278]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In the early 20" century it was exterminated in the Sundarbans and during the 1930s-1960s suffered a dramatic reduction of its range due to conversion of vast areas to agriculture. There are now a total of 3500-5100 individuals in small isolated populations in northern and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7F772FAE4EF3FFA8D" box="[2233,2306,1363,1396]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7F5DDFAE4EC56FA8D" box="[2582,2667,1363,1396]" name="Nepal" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It is extinct in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7F944FACDE138FA62" box="[1679,1797,1402,1435]" name="Pakistan" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The northern subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D51FFD6FFD7F74AFACDEF38FA62" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1823" box="[2177,2309,1402,1435]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Rucervus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duvaucelii">duvaucelii</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most numerous. In Nepalit persists only in two localities, Sukla Phanta Wildlife Reserve (with 1700 animals) and Royal Karnali-Bardiya Wildlife Reserve (with 50-100 individuals). In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CDF830FFD6FFD7F5D2FA7AEC4DFA13" box="[2585,2672,1485,1514]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Assam</collectingRegion>
|
||
the population of Kaziranga National Park grew from 200-250 deer in 1966 to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7F5D0FA47EC4DF9E8" box="[2587,2672,1520,1553]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="in" value="750.0">750 in</quantity>
|
||
1984, then declined to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7F8CFF997E1A6F9C0" box="[1796,1947,1568,1593]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.143" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="in" value="450.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="400.0">400-500 in</quantity>
|
||
2004. In central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7642FFD6FFD7F740F997EEE9F9C0" box="[2187,2260,1568,1593]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
the subspecies branderi which survives only in the Kanha National Park increased from 50-65 animals in 1966 to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF19B37FFD6FFD7FA0AF9D9E066F97E" box="[1473,1627,1646,1671]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.254999999999999" metricValueMax="8.89" metricValueMin="7.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="426" unit="in" value="325.0" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="300.0">300-350 in</quantity>
|
||
2004. Habitat degradation, competition with livestock, and poaching are major current threats outside well-secured protected areas..
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAC0FFD6FFD7FA0AF90AE066F92F" bold="true" box="[1473,1627,1725,1750]" pageId="19" pageNumber="426">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Groves (1982), Martin (1977), Moe (1994), Qureshi et al. (2004), Schaller (1967), Wegge et al (2006).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |