295 lines
38 KiB
XML
295 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C0A598CE842437F00A5696E6512EDA4B">Description of a new and two known species of Cephaloboides Rahm, 1928 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) from India, with discussion on the taxonomy of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="09ACB1441F6CBF5DA4EF877F058CCBF4">Tahseen, Qudsia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="734E1D7614644D005A6D4AD0A55A48BC">Hussain, Ather</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6040126" ID-GBIF-Taxon="131891907" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6040126" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F1EECE55FA3F" blockId="6.[151,895,1437,1496]" box="[151,895,1437,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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<heading id="D09381AAFFA29E1243F1F1EECE55FA3F" bold="true" box="[151,895,1437,1463]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243F1F1EECE55FA3F" authority="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,895,1437,1463]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243F1F1EECE55FA3F" bold="true" box="[151,895,1437,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243F1F1EECCD1FA3F" bold="true" box="[151,507,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Cephaloboides curvicaudatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E12416FF1EECFFBFA3F" author="Schneider" box="[521,721,1437,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Schneider, A. F. (1866) Monographie der Nematoden. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 357 pp." type="book" year="1866">Schneider, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E124186F1EECE55FA3F" author="Zullini" box="[736,895,1437,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Zullini, A. (1982) Nematodi (Nematoda) Guide per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne Italiane, 17, 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1982">Zullini, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F1CCCC3BFA50" blockId="6.[151,895,1437,1496]" box="[151,273,1471,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135F2A43FFA29E1243F9F1CCCDC7FA50" box="[159,237,1471,1496]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,222,1942]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[168,1417,193,1962]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cephaloboides curvicaudatus (Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982. A: Entire female. B: Entire male. C: Female anterior end. D: Female pharyngeal region. E: Female anterior genital branch. F: Female posterior region. G – I: Male posterior region. J: Spicule and gubernaculum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/810685/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135F2A43FFA29E12439CF1B3CC23FA50" box="[250,265,1472,1496]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,194,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cephaloboides curvicaudatus (Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982. A: Anterior end (scanning electron microscopy). B – D: Anterior end. E: Anterior pharyngeal region. F: Posterior pharyngeal region. G: Vulval region. H: Body region showing lateral fields. I: Female posterior end. J, K: Male posterior region (lateral). L, M: Male posterior region (ventral). N: Spicule (Scale bars = 10 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/810687/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37E654DFFA29E1243F1F27ACE29F97C" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F27AC920F996" blockId="6.[151,1436,1544,1781]" box="[151,1034,1544,1566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243CDF27BCF51F996" authority="Hofmanner (1913)" authorityName="Hofmanner" authorityYear="1913" box="[171,635,1544,1566]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Rhabditis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brevispina" subSpecies="apud">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243CDF27BCC9CF996" box="[171,438,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Rhabditis brevispina apud</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1242DAF27BCF51F996" author="Hofmanner" box="[444,635,1544,1566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Hofmanner, B. (1913) Contribution a l'etude des nematodes libres du Lac Leman. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 21, 589 - 658. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 82534" type="journal article" year="1913">Hofmänner (1913)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1241E0F27ACF83F996" box="[646,681,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">nec</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1241C9F27BC920F996" authority="Claus, 1862" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1862" box="[687,1034,1544,1566]" class="Adenophorea" family="Tripylidae" genus="Anguillula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1241C9F27BCEA0F996" box="[687,906,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Anguillula brevispina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1240F7F27BC920F996" author="Claus" box="[913,1034,1544,1566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Claus, C. F. W. (1862) Uber einige im Humus lebende Anguillulinen. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 12, 354 - 359." type="journal article" year="1862">Claus, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F254CF79F9B4" blockId="6.[151,1436,1544,1781]" box="[151,595,1574,1596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243CDF255CF79F9B4" authority="Stefanski, 1916" authorityName="Stefanski" authorityYear="1916" box="[171,595,1574,1596]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Rhabditis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="macrospiculata">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243CDF255CC9AF9B4" box="[171,432,1574,1596]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Rhabditis macrospiculata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1242D0F255CF79F9B4" author="Stefanski" box="[438,595,1574,1596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Stefanski, W. (1916) Die freilebenden Nematoden des Inn, ihre Verbreitung und Systematik. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 46, 363 - 385." type="journal article" year="1916">Stefański, 1916</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F235CF05F9D3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1544,1781]" box="[151,559,1605,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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||
=
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243CDF236CF05F9D3" authority="Schneider, 1923" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1923" box="[171,559,1605,1627]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Rhabditis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="micoletzkyi">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243CDF236CCAFF9D3" box="[171,389,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Rhabditis micoletzkyi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1242EDF236CF05F9D3" author="Schneider" box="[395,559,1605,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Schneider, W. (1923) Niederrheinische freilebende Nematoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 56, 264 - 281." type="journal article" year="1923">Schneider, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F216CC41F910" blockId="6.[151,1436,1544,1781]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243D4F217C9A7F9F2" authority="Skrjabin, Shikhobalova, Sobolev, Paramonov & Sudarikov (1954)" authorityName="Skrjabin, Shikhobalova, Sobolev, Paramonov & Sudarikov" authorityYear="1954" box="[178,1165,1636,1658]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Rhabditis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subSpecies" species="producta" subSpecies="apud">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243D4F217CC90F9F2" box="[178,442,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Rhabditis producta apud</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1242A0F217C9A7F9F2" box="[454,1165,1636,1658]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Skrjabin, K. I., Shikhobalova, N. P., Sobolev, A., Paramonov, A. A. & Sudarikov, V. E. (1954) Camallanata, Rhabditata, Tylenchata, Trichocephalata and Dioctophymat a and the distribution of parasitic nematodes by their hosts. Izdatelstvo Akademii Nauk SSSR (Moskva), 4, 1 - 927." type="journal article">Skrjabin, Shikhobalova, Sobolev, Paramonov & Sudarikov (1954)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1247FBF216C81FF9F2" box="[1181,1333,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">nec Leptodera</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E124627F217CC41F910" authority="Schneider, 1866" authorityName="A. Schneider" authorityYear="1866" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Rhabditis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="producta">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E124627F217C8B6F9F2" box="[1345,1436,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">producta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1243A1F2F1CC41F910" author="Schneider" box="[199,363,1666,1688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Schneider, A. F. (1866) Monographie der Nematoden. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 357 pp." type="book" year="1866">Schneider, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F2D1CF3BF93F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1544,1781]" box="[151,529,1697,1719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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||
=
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243CDF2D2CF3BF93F" authority="Ditlevsen, 1971" authorityName="Ditlevsen" authorityYear="1971" box="[171,529,1697,1719]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Rhabditis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="insulana">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243CDF2D2CC40F93F" box="[171,362,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Rhabditis insulana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E124216F2D2CF3BF93F" author="Ditlevsen" box="[368,529,1697,1719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Ditlevsen, H. (1971) Land and freshwater nematodes. In: Sparck, R. & Tuxen, S. L. (Eds.), Zoology of the Faroes, 1971, pp. 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1971">Ditlevsen, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F2B2CFA9F95D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1544,1781]" box="[151,643,1728,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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||
=
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243CAF2B3CF1CF95E" authority="Timm, 1959" authorityName="Timm" authorityYear="1959" box="[172,566,1728,1750]" class="Secernentea" family="Odontorhabditidae" genus="Odontorhabditis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="musicola">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243CAF2B3CC9FF95E" box="[172,437,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Odontorhabditis musicola</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1242DCF2B3CF1CF95E" author="Timm" box="[442,566,1728,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Timm, R. W. (1959) Cheilorhabditis and Odontorhabditis, two new genera of soil nematodes allied to Rhabditis. Nematologica, 4, 198 - 204." type="journal article" year="1959">Timm, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22357AFFFA29E12415BF2B3CFA9F95D" box="[573,643,1728,1749]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
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<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E12415BF2B3CFA9F95D" bold="true" box="[573,643,1728,1749]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">syn. n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F2ACCE29F97C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1544,1781]" box="[151,771,1758,1781]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA29E1243CDF2ADCF9DF97C" authority="Khan, Singh & Baird, 1999" authorityName="Khan, Singh & Baird" authorityYear="1999" box="[171,695,1758,1781]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Flagicaudoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pawani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243CDF2ADCCB0F97D" box="[171,410,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Flagicaudoides pawani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B37FFA29E1242C6F2ADCF9DF97C" author="Khan" box="[416,695,1758,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" refString="Khan, E., Singh, M. & Baird, S. (1999) Studies on the rhabditids of India: Descriptions of Flagicaudoides gen. n. and two new species of Cuticularia (Nematoda: Rhabditida). International Journal of Nematology, 9, 196 - 202." type="journal article" year="1999">Khan, Singh & Baird, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22357AFFFA29E1241DBF2ACCE29F97C" box="[701,771,1759,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1241DBF2ACCE29F97C" bold="true" box="[701,771,1759,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">syn. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E654DFFA29E1D43F1F352C822FAB8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1243F1F352CC86F8B2" blockId="6.[151,1437,1825,2030]" box="[151,428,1825,1850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243F1F352CC67F8B2" bold="true" box="[151,333,1825,1850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E6037DFFA29E124232F352CC8CF8B2" box="[340,422,1825,1850]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[125,198,585,604]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric characteristics of Cephaloboides anisospiculus sp. n., C. curvicaudatus (Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982 and C. parapapillosus (Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1951) comb. n. Measurements are in µm and in the form: mean ± standard deviation (range)." pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA29E1D43A1F336CEDBFE7D" blockId="6.[151,1437,1825,2030]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1725]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E1243A1F336CC82F8D5" bold="true" box="[199,424,1860,1886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">
|
||
Description.
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA29E124239F337CC82F8D5" bold="true" box="[351,424,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="358">Adult:</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body
|
||
<quantity id="4C9C9B23FFA29E124294F335CF53F8D5" box="[498,633,1862,1886]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="358" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, slender, almost straight or slightly ventrally curved upon fixation. Cuticle double, about 2.5–3.0 µm thick with fine transverse and longitudinal striations. Lateral fields indistinct. Lip region offset from adjoining body. Lips prominent, globular with smooth margins, amalgamated. Lips provided with inner labial sensilla close to oral aperture; cephalic and outer labial sensilla slightly raised and towards outer border of lips. Amphids small, on lateral lips, not easily discernible under LM. Stoma tubular, 3–4 times longer than wide or slightly longer than lip diameter. Cheilostom not cuticularized, with diverging walls. Gymnostom arched, thickly cuticularized about 1/4th of stomal length. Stegostom surrounded by pharyngeal collar, covering more than 50% of stoma. Each metastegostomal swelling bearing a minute wart. Metastegostom isotopic and isomorphic. Pharynx comprising of 127–155 µm long, swollen corpus; 60–88 µm long isthmus and a massive, ovoid, basal bulb of 40–55 µm
|
||
<date id="FFDA1006FFAD9E1D4249F55BCC75FEC8" box="[303,351,295,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" value="1935-10">x 35</date>
|
||
–53 µm dimension with a grinder and two-chambered haustrulum. Nerve ring encircling isthmus about 68–79% of neck length from anterior end. Secretory-excretory pore slightly posteriorly placed, at 71–85% of pharyngeal length; mostly obscure with indistinct duct. Body at proximal end of pharynx about 2.5–4.0 times wider than lip diameter and that at distal end about 4 times wider. Anterior part of pharynx 1.0–1.3 times longer than the posterior part. Cardia 7–11 µm long, flattened. Intestine granular with wide lumen. Rectum thin-walled, less than anal body diameter long. Rectal glands obscure. Anus a crescent-shaped slit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1B664EFFA39E1343F1F3D3CF3DF87C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/810685/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="359" targetBox="[175,1416,222,1942]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFA39E1343F1F3D3CF3DF87C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1952,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA39E1343F1F3D3CC3DF83D" bold="true" box="[151,279,1952,1974]" pageId="7" pageNumber="359">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFA39E134244F3D3CE85F83E" authority="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[290,943,1952,1974]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="359" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFA39E134244F3D3CF79F83E" box="[290,595,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="359">Cephaloboides curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A: Entire female. B: Entire male. C: Female anterior end. D: Female pharyngeal region. E: Female anterior genital branch. F: Female posterior region. G–I: Male posterior region. J: Spicule and gubernaculum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF1B664EFFAC9E1C43F1F3F0CC46F87D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/810687/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="360" targetBox="[152,1433,194,1899]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFAC9E1C43F1F3F0CC46F87D" blockId="8.[151,1437,1923,2037]" pageId="8" pageNumber="360">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAC9E1C43F1F3F0CC3EF810" bold="true" box="[151,276,1923,1945]" pageId="8" pageNumber="360">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFAC9E1C427AF3F0CEB1F811" authority="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[284,923,1923,1945]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="360" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAC9E1C427AF3F0CF61F811" box="[284,587,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="360">Cephaloboides curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Schneider, 1866) Zullini, 1982
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A: Anterior end (scanning electron microscopy). B–D: Anterior end. E: Anterior pharyngeal region. F: Posterior pharyngeal region. G: Vulval region. H: Body region showing lateral fields. I: Female posterior end. J, K: Male posterior region (lateral). L, M: Male posterior region (ventral). N: Spicule (Scale bars= 10 µm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFAD9E1D43A1F58CCDF0FCD5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D43A1F58CCC0DFD90" bold="true" box="[199,295,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Female:</emphasis>
|
||
Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic. Ovaries dorsally reflexed; anterior ovary on left side and posterior on right side of intestine. Oocytes at distal end arranged in two rows followed by a single row. Oviduct dilated proximally leading to an elongated spermatheca. Prominent sphincter present at junction of spermatheca and collumella. Latter provided with glandular cells. Uterus with 1–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD4FFFAD9E1D4723F61FC9BBFD0D" box="[1093,1169,620,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" type="egg">8 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
of 45–
|
||
<date id="FFDA1006FFAD9E1D478FF61FC868FD0D" box="[1257,1346,620,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" value="1951-10-29">51 x 29</date>
|
||
–35 µm dimension in late embryonic stages. Some females showed hatched juveniles inside their bodies. Vagina thinwalled, 15–25 µm long, at right angle to longitudinal body axis, supported with muscles. Vaginal lumen with distal folds appearing as internal epiptygma. Vulva a post-equatorial transverse slit, located at 525–680 µm with slightly protruded and fringed lips, often bounded by small vulval flaps. Vulva-anus distance 358–509 µm. Tail cupolashaped with a long, fine spike, about 4.0–4.5 anal body diameters long. Phasmids opening at beginning of tail spike.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFAD9E1D43A1F714CE78FB60" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D43A1F714CC21FC08" bold="true" box="[199,267,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Male:</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to female in general morphology except being smaller in size and more arcuate ventrally. Testis single, ventrally reflexed, at right side of intestine. Reflexed part about 115–193 µm long. Spicules strongly cuticularized, slightly arcuate, with elongate capitula having striated outline. Each spicule cylindroid with a swollen distal end, provided with a narrow dorsal thorn reaching up to its length and a ventral triangular process at 1/3rd of its length. Protruding spicules observed with an extended gelatinous cap; gubernaculum with arcuate conical proximal end and a wide distal end and curving a little around sides. Bursa leptoderan, anteriorly open, weakly developed. Genital papillae nine pairs in 1+2/1+3+2+P configuration with three precloacal and six postcloacal pairs. GP1 subventral close to grouped GP2, GP3; GP4 lateral, protruding outside bursal margin; GP5, GP6, GP7 subventral forming a group; GP8 subdorsal, protruding outside bursal margin; GP9 close to GP8, subventral. Phasmidial ducts smaller and slenderer than genital papillae opening next to GP9. Copulatory muscles well developed with 7–8 paired bands starting at cloacal level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFAD9E1D43A1F087C822FAB8" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0C3C9BFFAD9E1D43A1F087C822FAB8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1569232896" country="Ghana" county="Locality" latitude="27.1593" location="Keoladeo National Park" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="77.5232" municipality="Samples" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rajasthan">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D43A1F087CCEAFA85" bold="true" box="[199,448,1268,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BA4E4AFFAD9E1D43A1F087CC03FA85" box="[199,297,1268,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Locality</collectingCounty>
|
||
and habitat.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBFACBCFFAD9E1D42A0F087CF0FFA85" box="[454,549,1268,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Samples</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFAD9E1D41CFF087CEDCFA84" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[681,1014,1268,1292]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D41CFF087CEDCFA84" box="[681,1014,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Cephaloboides curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were obtained from ditch near
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3737656FFAD9E1D4635F087C8B6FA85" box="[1363,1436,1268,1293]" name="Ghana" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Canal at
|
||
<location id="8EBB601DFFAD9E1D439CF164CF20FAB8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935:8EBB601DFFAD9E1D439CF164CF20FAB8" box="[250,522,1303,1328]" country="Ghana" county="Locality" latitude="27.1593" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="77.5232" municipality="Samples" name="Keoladeo National Park" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" stateProvince="Rajasthan">Keoladeo National Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBB601DFFAD9E1D4170F164CFA2FAB8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935:8EBB601DFFAD9E1D4170F164CFA2FAB8" box="[534,648,1303,1328]" country="Ghana" county="Locality" latitude="27.1593" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="77.5232" municipality="Samples" name="Bharatpur" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" stateProvince="Rajasthan">Bharatpur</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A0F824FFAD9E1D41F4F164CE29FAB8" box="[658,771,1303,1328]" country="India" name="Rajasthan" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Rajasthan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3737656FFAD9E1D4069F164CE62FAB8" box="[783,840,1303,1328]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
at coordinates
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE505001FFAD9E1D4095F164C95DFAB8" box="[1011,1143,1303,1328]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" precision="5" value="27.1593">27.1593° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE505001FFAD9E1D47E4F164C829FAB8" box="[1154,1283,1303,1328]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" precision="5" value="77.5232">77.5232° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E654DFFAD9E1D43A1F14FC870FAF0" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFAD9E1D43A1F14FC870FAF0" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0C3C9BFFAD9E1D43A1F14FC870FAF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1569232898" collectionCode="KNP" country="India" county="Aligarh" location="Nematode Collection" municipality="Aligarh Muslim University" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" specimenCode="KNP 15" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D43A1F14FCC9CFADD" bold="true" box="[199,438,1340,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Voucher specimens.</emphasis>
|
||
Nine females and eight males on slide
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFAD9E1D40E9F14FC9CBFADC" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[911,1249,1340,1364]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D40E9F14FC9CBFADC" box="[911,1249,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Cephaloboides curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC29EBDFFAD9E1D478AF14EC863FADD" box="[1260,1353,1340,1365]" collectionCode="KNP" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14084" name="South African National Parks" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED75AE03FFAD9E1D478AF14EC80EFADC" box="[1260,1316,1341,1364]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14084" name="South African National Parks" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">KNP</collectionCode>
|
||
15
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
A/ 1–7 deposited in the
|
||
<location id="8EBB601DFFAD9E1D4229F12CCF14FAF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935:8EBB601DFFAD9E1D4229F12CCF14FAF0" box="[335,574,1375,1400]" country="India" county="Aligarh" municipality="Aligarh Muslim University" name="Nematode Collection" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Nematode Collection</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="8EBB601DFFAD9E1D4105F112CFCDFAF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935:8EBB601DFFAD9E1D4105F112CFCDFAF0" box="[611,743,1377,1400]" country="India" county="Aligarh" municipality="Aligarh Muslim University" name="Department" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Department</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="8EBB601DFFAD9E1D406BF12CCE47FAF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D0FFA29E1D43F1F1EECE27F935:8EBB601DFFAD9E1D406BF12CCE47FAF0" box="[781,877,1375,1400]" country="India" county="Aligarh" municipality="Aligarh Muslim University" name="Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Zoology</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBFACBCFFAD9E1D401EF12CC980FAF0" box="[888,1194,1375,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Aligarh Muslim University</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BA4E4AFFAD9E1D47D3F12CC827FAF0" box="[1205,1293,1375,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Aligarh</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3737656FFAD9E1D467FF12CC87CFAF0" box="[1305,1366,1375,1400]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E654DFFAD9E1D43A1F1F7CE03F9A5" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFAD9E1D43A1F1F7CE03F9A5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D43A1F1F7CC97FA15" bold="true" box="[199,445,1412,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFAD9E1D42AAF1F7CE0BFA14" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[460,801,1412,1436]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D42AAF1F7CE0BFA14" box="[460,801,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Cephaloboides curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by large-sized body; double, finely striated, cuticle with faint longitudinal lines; slightly raised labial papillae; long stoma with a denticle on each metastegostomal plate; long spicate tail of 4.0–4.5 anal body diameter length; long, cylindroid spicules with elongate capitula and swollen distal ends with an extended gelatinous cap; genital papillae in 1+2/1+3+2+P configuration and 7–8 paired bands of copulatory muscles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E654DFFAD9E1D43A1F244CE27F935" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36C6FFAD9E1D43A1F244CE27F935" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D43A1F244CC11F9D8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1591,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The present population shows conformity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFAD9E1D402CF24BC926F9D8" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[842,1036,1592,1616]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D402CF24BC926F9D8" box="[842,1036,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">C. curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in most characteristics except few minor ones: relatively smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D4289F22FCCD7F9FC" box="[495,509,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">b</emphasis>
|
||
value and presence of strong copulatory muscle bands (
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D471EF22FC9ACF9FC" box="[1144,1158,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">b</emphasis>
|
||
=3.8–4.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D479FF22EC83AF9FC" box="[1273,1296,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">vs</emphasis>
|
||
3.4–6.0 and copulatory muscle bands not reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFAD9E1D41ECF2F3CE7AF910" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" box="[650,848,1664,1688]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D41ECF2F3CE7AF910" box="[650,848,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">C. curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The present population further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D45FFAD9E1D46E4F2F3CC1CF934" authorityName="(Schneider, 1866) Zullini" authorityYear="1982" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabditidae" genus="Cephaloboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="361" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EAD4FFAD9E1D46E4F2F3CC1CF934" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="361">C. curvicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having spicules with elongate capitula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |