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<document id="97BB9FB30B4D0C37532F866E2926C3E2" ID-CLB-Dataset="31911" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4329.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="508342ee-23e0-409c-9510-582c11f8872d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1001106" ID-ZooBank="48494E29-Bbd7-459A-Bf44-3Bd14036A56E" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1507020842199" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bakuradze, Giorgi" docDate="2017" docId="03D987F3FFC7FFB0CFC2F968FE3CAD52" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4329.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4329 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pterostichus neilgaimani Bakuradze 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="94" masterDocId="FFE0FF8BFFC7FFB3CF55FF83FFBAAA13" masterDocTitle="Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., a new species of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from relict sacred grove in Eastern Georgia" masterLastPageNumber="95" masterPageNumber="91" pageNumber="91" updateTime="1698469266291" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="7062B326FB6CD5CAAE26825B19239CE8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8D0D9F5DF5983B699A219659A5FEFCE9">
<mods:title id="C194197ED253B4A7B236E785A0C07FBA">Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., a new species of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from relict sacred grove in Eastern Georgia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="FBF0D75B34168A8D866C6FEBB65F6274" type="personal">
<mods:role id="558EC250AE7049416840CBDBFCE316CA">
<mods:roleTerm id="2ED23B8FA845AC4681BA0ECD13DF64D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CBAC82E5364D666FEB32777B67C63425">Bakuradze, Giorgi</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="147EA844D1716FCB2410661AF19AB1D2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="92BA6F91FABDB541CB1CAADA9EF68F2C" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="7CFB359894DB1EA0B3311E2168828122">
<mods:title id="AA733411F97AE143795E771AFF37FE53">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="91F67A1A96FEFEA891D08097E31C76B2">
<mods:date id="0D098DA431599F9159161F5AA851E4F7">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="73A7F19BB6FDB58517831841299BA75A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C9B3BBDCF92DEDCE0CD927F469BF024B">2017-10-03</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2342FD377D358A528A78C909EF618D30" type="volume">
<mods:number id="193AFD190A4325DBDAABF8B6793F0E50">4329</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F58D6BBF6F8EC3713F36B70A3450D1EC">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FD5AD120CA6DF88A09533D106D84A70E">91</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F9AE493C40C582839D0AADB0AC8A847D">95</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="ACA943189E1C6D9A96C552B606C78DE9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F662424A0D5ED5BE6196EA844B8300C8" type="CLB-Dataset">31911</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="337AA15992C3CAA40B4C8DB8D97E443D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4329.1.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E2C51F5E0BC9ED5C5ACA9EF2AA76D360" type="GBIF-Dataset">508342ee-23e0-409c-9510-582c11f8872d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="736A4775E12EE61D9AE97D992D8E0BC0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="63C5BB2EDB6165A053420F7CA7582F1D" type="Zenodo-Dep">1001106</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ED5B88945829B6A44072089440480C8F" type="ZooBank">48494E29-Bbd7-459A-Bf44-3Bd14036A56E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D987F3FFC7FFB0CFC2F968FE3CAD52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6051034" ID-GBIF-Taxon="135097391" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6051034" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987F3FFC7FFB0CFC2F968FE3CAD52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987F3FFC7FFB0CFC2F968FE3CAD52" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
<subSubSection id="C36A656EFFC7FFB3CFC2F968FC46AD15" box="[151,1020,1771,1798]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC7FFB3CFC2F968FC46AD15" blockId="0.[151,1436,1737,2037]" box="[151,1020,1771,1798]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
<heading id="D0878189FFC7FFB3CFC2F968FC46AD15" bold="true" box="[151,1020,1771,1798]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC7FFB3CFC2F968FC46AD15" bold="true" box="[151,1020,1771,1798]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC7FFB3CFC2F968FCAFAD15" ID-CoL="4Q3FK" authority="Chaladze &amp; Kalatozishvili" authorityName="Bakuradze" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,789,1771,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neilgaimani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC7FFB3CFC2F968FE7FAD16" bold="true" box="[151,453,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Pterostichus neilgaimani</emphasis>
Chaladze &amp; Kalatozishvili
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237578CFFC7FFB3CC49F96FFCC0AD15" box="[796,890,1772,1798]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC7FFB3CCDCF96FFC49AD15" box="[905,1011,1772,1798]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1, 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 9" captionStartId-0="1.[151,258,1666,1688]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,258,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,194,1643]" captionTargetBox-1="[171,1411,486,1372]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[151,1436,194,1643]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1436,469,1394]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1, 2. Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., male, holotype, 1 — dorsal view, 2 — ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 9. Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., holotype, 3 — head, dorsal view, 4 — head, left lateral view, 5 — left metafemur and left metatrochanter, 6 – 8 — aedeagus: 6 — median lobe, right lateral view, 7 — median lobe, left lateral view, 8 — apical lamella of median lobe, 9 — parameres." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1001108/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1001110/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Figs 1–9</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A656EFFC7FFB2CFC2F88DFB38AD51" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC7FFB3CFC2F88DFA21AD5B" blockId="0.[151,1436,1737,2037]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC7FFB3CFC2F88DFEADAD36" bold="true" box="[151,279,1806,1829]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Etymology.</emphasis>
Species is named after author Neil Gaiman, for bringing back what has been forgotten.
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC7FFB3CF92F8B2FEC8AD5B" bold="true" box="[199,370,1841,1864]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
<typeStatus id="54CB8847FFC7FFB3CF92F8B2FF45AD5B" box="[199,255,1841,1864]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54CB8847FFC7FFB3CE2BF8B2FE5FAD5B" box="[382,485,1841,1864]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male, collected in pitfall traps in the Sacred Grove of Khevsha (
<collectingRegion id="49B4F807FFC7FFB3CB8DF8B2FA93AD5B" box="[1240,1321,1841,1864]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Eastern</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3677675FFC7FFB3CA63F8B2FA2AAD5B" box="[1334,1424,1841,1864]" name="Georgia" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Georgia</collectingCountry>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC7FFB3CFC2F8D0FA26AD79" blockId="0.[151,1436,1737,2037]" box="[151,1436,1875,1898]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
trapping period:
<date id="FFCE1025FFC7FFB3CE01F8D0FE74AD79" box="[340,462,1875,1898]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" value="2017-06-17">17.06.2017</date>
–1.07.2017. Specimen is deposited at the Ilia State University’s Zoological collection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC7FFB3CFC2F8F5FA21ADC1" blockId="0.[151,1436,1737,2037]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">
<typeStatus id="54CB8847FFC7FFB3CFC2F8F5FF43AD9E" box="[151,249,1910,1933]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: male, same date and locality as
<typeStatus id="54CB8847FFC7FFB3CD01F8F5FD0EAD9E" box="[596,692,1910,1933]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, preserved at first author’s personal collection.
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC7FFB3CF92F81AFE86ADA3" bold="true" box="[199,316,1945,1968]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Head with 7–9 supraorbital setiferous pores present on each side; body unicolor, chestnut.
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC7FFB3CF92F838FEE8ADC1" bold="true" box="[199,338,1979,2002]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Description.</emphasis>
Habitus (
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC7FFB3CEEEF838FD99ADC1" box="[443,547,1979,2002]" captionStart="FIGURES 1, 2" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1666,1688]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1643]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,194,1643]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1, 2. Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., male, holotype, 1 — dorsal view, 2 — ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001108/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
), body length
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC7FFB3CD95F838FCF0ADC1" box="[704,842,1979,2002]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.58" metricValueMax="1.66" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="15.8" valueMax="16.6" valueMin="15.0">15–16.6 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC7FFB3CCCFF838FBA7ADC1" box="[922,1053,1979,2002]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="0" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.4 mm</quantity>
, dorsum, underside, legs, antennae,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC7FFB3CFC2F85DFE7CADE6" blockId="0.[151,1436,1737,2037]" box="[151,454,2014,2037]" pageId="0" pageNumber="91">and palpi unicolor–chestnut.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0F666DFFC6FFB2CFC2F901FBE4AC8B" box="[151,1118,1666,1688]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001108/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1643]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC6FFB2CFC2F901FBE4AC8B" blockId="1.[151,1118,1666,1688]" box="[151,1118,1666,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC6FFB2CFC2F901FE8BAC8B" bold="true" box="[151,305,1666,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">FIGURES 1, 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC6FFB2CE62F900FD9DAC8B" authority="Bakuradze, 2017" authorityName="Bakuradze" authorityYear="2017" box="[311,551,1667,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neilgaimani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC6FFB2CE62F900FD9DAC8B" box="[311,551,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Pterostichus neilgaimani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237578CFFC6FFB2CD78F901FDC3AC8B" box="[557,633,1666,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC6FFB2CD78F901FDC3AC8B" bold="true" box="[557,633,1666,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male, holotype, 1—dorsal view, 2—ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC6FFB2CF92F940FB38AD51" blockId="1.[151,1436,1731,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC6FFB2CF92F940FEB1ACC9" bold="true" box="[199,267,1731,1754]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Head.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC6FFB2CE33F940FE51ACC9" box="[358,491,1731,1754]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="3.4">3.4–3.6 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC6FFB2CD69F940FD7AACC9" box="[572,704,1731,1754]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.6 mm</quantity>
, genae prominent, eyes small, rudimentary, much closer to anterior angle of genae than to temples; temples long and evenly rounded, frons with 7–9 setiferous pores present on each side (
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC6FFB2CFCBF88AFF47AD33" box="[158,253,1801,1824]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 9" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[171,1411,486,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,469,1394]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 9. Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., holotype, 3 — head, dorsal view, 4 — head, left lateral view, 5 — left metafemur and left metatrochanter, 6 – 8 — aedeagus: 6 — median lobe, right lateral view, 7 — median lobe, left lateral view, 8 — apical lamella of median lobe, 9 — parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001110/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Figs 3, 4</figureCitation>
), as 2–3 pores are situated in anterior part at eye level, and other 5–6 are situated in posterior part at mid-temple level. Tooth of mentum short, bifid, with shallow apical hollow. Genae on ventral side rugose.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A656EFFC6FFB1CF92F8CDFF0EABB2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC6FFB2CF92F8CDFCF7ADDE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1731,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC6FFB2CF92F8CDFE98AD76" bold="true" box="[199,290,1870,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Thorax.</emphasis>
Pronotum cordiform, length
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC6FFB2CD39F8CDFD49AD76" box="[620,755,1870,1893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.6 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC6FFB2CC1EF8CDFC68AD76" box="[843,978,1870,1893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="3.5999999999999996" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="3.4">3.4–3.8 mm</quantity>
, basal margin deeply emarginated in the middle, hind angle prominent, lateral margin with 4–6 marginal setae in anterior half and one seta at hind angle. Prosternum smooth, prosternal process not beaded, mesosternum rugose, scarcely punctate, metasternum smooth; pro-, meso- and metepisterna coarsely punctate, twice as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC6FFB1CF92F85AFC7BAAC2" blockId="1.[151,1436,1731,2032]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,417]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC6FFB2CF92F85AFEACADE3" bold="true" box="[199,278,2009,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Elytra.</emphasis>
Elongate and narrow, almost parallel, widest at posterior third part, length
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC6FFB2CB15F85AFB79ADE3" box="[1088,1219,2009,2032]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.85" metricValueMax="9.4" metricValueMin="8.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="8.85" valueMax="9.4" valueMin="8.3">8.3–9.4 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC6FFB2CA46F85AFA2DADE3" box="[1299,1431,2009,2032]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.4 mm</quantity>
; shoulder rounded, without prominent angles; striae well-impressed, parascutelar stria distinct; interval 3 with 3–4 pores, first one–two adjoining stria 3, others adjoining stria 2; hind wings reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CF92FF5EFD06AB04" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CF92FF5EFE87AAE7" bold="true" box="[199,317,221,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Sternite 1 coarsely punctured laterally, sternites 2–5 smooth in the middle, coarsely punctate in lateral part, anal sternite smooth, with two marginal pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CF92FEA1FBF7AB2A" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,417]" box="[199,1101,290,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CF92FEA1FEC0AB2A" bold="true" box="[199,378,290,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Metatrochanter</emphasis>
. Straight, not curved apically, as long as half of metafemur (
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC5FFB1CCABFEA1FB85AB2A" box="[1022,1087,290,313]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 9" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[171,1411,486,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,469,1394]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 9. Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., holotype, 3 — head, dorsal view, 4 — head, left lateral view, 5 — left metafemur and left metatrochanter, 6 – 8 — aedeagus: 6 — median lobe, right lateral view, 7 — median lobe, left lateral view, 8 — apical lamella of median lobe, 9 — parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001110/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CF92FEC6FF0EABB2" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CF92FEC6FE8EAB4F" bold="true" box="[199,308,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Aedeagus</emphasis>
. Bent at base almost at right angle (
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC5FFB1CDEDFEC6FCA5AB4F" box="[696,799,325,348]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 9" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[171,1411,486,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,469,1394]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 9. Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., holotype, 3 — head, dorsal view, 4 — head, left lateral view, 5 — left metafemur and left metatrochanter, 6 – 8 — aedeagus: 6 — median lobe, right lateral view, 7 — median lobe, left lateral view, 8 — apical lamella of median lobe, 9 — parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001110/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Figs. 6, 7</figureCitation>
), apical lamella of median lobe well developed, rounded at tip (fig. 8). Parameres are typical for the subgenus, left paramere straight and slender, right one wide and rounded (
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC5FFB1CA25FEEBFF1DABB2" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 9" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[171,1411,486,1372]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,469,1394]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 9. Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov., holotype, 3 — head, dorsal view, 4 — head, left lateral view, 5 — left metafemur and left metatrochanter, 6 – 8 — aedeagus: 6 — median lobe, right lateral view, 7 — median lobe, left lateral view, 8 — apical lamella of median lobe, 9 — parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001110/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0F666DFFC5FFB1CFC2FA05FEE0AFC4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001110/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" targetBox="[171,1411,486,1372]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CFC2FA05FEE0AFC4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1414,1495]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CFC2FA05FE88AF8F" bold="true" box="[151,306,1414,1436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">FIGURES 3–9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CE6DFA04FD92AF8F" authority="Bakuradze, 2017" authorityName="Bakuradze" authorityYear="2017" box="[312,552,1415,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neilgaimani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CE6DFA04FD92AF8F" box="[312,552,1415,1436]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Pterostichus neilgaimani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237578CFFC5FFB1CD7BFA05FDC1AF8F" box="[558,635,1414,1436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CD7BFA05FDC1AF8F" bold="true" box="[558,635,1414,1436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, 3—head, dorsal view, 4—head, left lateral view, 5—left metafemur and left metatrochanter, 6–8—aedeagus: 6—median lobe, right lateral view, 7—median lobe, left lateral view, 8—apical lamella of median lobe, 9—parameres.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36A656EFFC5FFB1CF92F981FC2BAD67" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CF92F981FCECAC28" blockId="2.[151,1436,1538,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<materialsCitation id="3B183CB8FFC5FFB1CF92F981FCECAC28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1658245729" country="Georgia" county="Dusheti Municipality" location="Sacred" municipality="Khevsha" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CF92F981FEDAAC0A" bold="true" box="[199,352,1538,1561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<typeStatus id="54CB8847FFC5FFB1CF92F981FF45AC0A" box="[199,255,1538,1561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<location id="8EAF603EFFC5FFB1CE32F981FE0AAC0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987F3FFC7FFB0CFC2F968FE3CAD52:8EAF603EFFC5FFB1CE32F981FE0AAC0A" box="[359,432,1538,1561]" country="Georgia" county="Dusheti Municipality" municipality="Khevsha" name="Sacred" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" stateProvince="Eastern">Sacred</location>
grove (Lat.: 42.40276, Lon.: 44.69885) is located approximately within one kilometre from village
<collectingMunicipality id="6BABAC9FFFC5FFB1CFB3F9A7FEFCAC28" box="[230,326,1572,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Khevsha</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62AE4E69FFC5FFB1CE04F9A7FD8FAC28" box="[337,565,1572,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Dusheti Municipality</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B4F807FFC5FFB1CD6AF9A7FD35AC28" box="[575,655,1572,1595]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Eastern</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F3677675FFC5FFB1CDC3F9A7FD51AC28" box="[662,747,1572,1595]" name="Georgia" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Georgia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC5FFB1CDAFF9A7FCF0AC28" box="[762,842,1572,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="3.[151,244,664,686]" captionTargetBox="[340,1248,212,636]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1248,191,643]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 10. Map of Georgia showing location of Khevsha, type locality of Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001112/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CF92F9C4FD00AD18" blockId="2.[151,1436,1538,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CF92F9C4FE9FAC4D" bold="true" box="[199,293,1607,1630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Habitat.</emphasis>
Sampled area corresponds to a mountainous forest located on the southern slopes of Greater Caucasus (
<figureCitation id="134B2A60FFC5FFB1CA25F9C4FF09AC92" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1664,1686]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,734,1643]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[188,1400,734,1643]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forest close to Sacred Grove of Khevsha, type locality of Pterostichus neilgaimani sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001114/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). The forest is dominated by
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CEAFF9E9FD11AC92" authorityName="Lipsky" authorityYear="1898" box="[506,683,1642,1665]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CEAFF9E9FD11AC92" box="[506,683,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Fagus orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
together with other woody species such as
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CBDAF9E9FF6DACB0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CBDAF9E9FA21AC92" authority=", Ulmus" authorityName="Ulmus" box="[1167,1435,1642,1665]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="platanoides">Acer platanoides, Ulmus</taxonomicName>
minor
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CE46F90FFE67ACB0" box="[275,477,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CE46F90FFE63ACB0" box="[275,473,1676,1699]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucuparia">Sorbus aucuparia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Altitude ranges between
<quantity id="4C889B00FFC5FFB1CDA8F90FFC2DACB0" box="[765,919,1676,1699]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8605" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.721" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="1860.5" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1721.0">1721–2000 m</quantity>
. a.s.l. Minimum inclination of the slope is 29 degrees while maximum is significantly steeper 45 degrees. Forest floor is dominated by ferns, shrubs and forb:
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CFC2F951FE72AD18" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CFC2F951FD9EACFA" authority=", Polypodium" authorityName="Polypodium" box="[151,548,1746,1769]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeatum">Polystichum aculeatum, Polypodium</taxonomicName>
vulgare, Rubus sp., Thlaspi macrophyllum, Cardamine quinquefolia, Cardamine bulbifera, Asperula odorata,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CEA9F977FD08AD18" authorityName="M. Bieb" authorityYear="1808" box="[508,690,1780,1803]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incompleta">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CEA9F977FD08AD18" box="[508,690,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Paris incompleta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CF92F894FC2BAD67" blockId="2.[151,1436,1538,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
Other ground beetles species with large body size found in the area are
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CC94F894FB05AD3D" authority="Adams" authorityName="Adams" box="[961,1215,1815,1838]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nothus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CC94F894FBD0AD3D" box="[961,1130,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Carabus nothus</emphasis>
Adams
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CB9FF894FF5DAD42" authority="ibericus Fischer" authorityName="Fischer" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ibericus" subSpecies="ibericus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CB9FF894FA26AD3D" box="[1226,1436,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">C. ibericus ibericus</emphasis>
Fischer
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CFA3F8B9FE05AD42" authority="Adams" authorityName="Adams" box="[246,447,1850,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adamsi">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CFA3F8B9FEDCAD42" box="[246,358,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">C. adamsi</emphasis>
Adams
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CE9AF8B9FC8DAD42" authority="Motschulsky" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1840" box="[463,823,1850,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septemcarinatus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CE9AF8B9FD1AAD42" box="[463,672,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">C. septemcarinatus</emphasis>
Motschulsky
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CC10F8B9FB98AD42" authority="Adams" authorityName="Adams" box="[837,1058,1850,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="osseticus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CC10F8B9FC73AD42" box="[837,969,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">C. osseticus</emphasis>
Adams
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CB67F8B9FA22AD42" authority="Adams" authorityName="Adams" box="[1074,1432,1850,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="scabrosus" subSpecies="caucasicus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CB67F8B9FA85AD42" box="[1074,1343,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">C. scabrosus caucasicus</emphasis>
Adams
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CFC2F8DEFDB8AD67" authority="Fisher-Waldheim" authorityName="Fisher-Waldheim" authorityYear="1824" box="[151,514,1885,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cychrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CFC2F8DEFEFAAD67" box="[151,320,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Cychrus aeneus</emphasis>
Fisher-Waldheim
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CD6CF8DEFC2BAD67" authority="Chaudoir." authorityName="Chaudoir." box="[569,913,1885,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Thermoscelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CD6CF8DEFC9BAD67" box="[569,801,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Thermoscelis insignis</emphasis>
Chaudoir.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A656EFFC5FFB0CF92F8FCFE3CAD52" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC5FFB1CF92F8FCFCE1ADCF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1538,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CF92F8FCFE8FAD85" bold="true" box="[199,309,1919,1942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Remarks.</emphasis>
Given that we performed sampling for seven month using twenty pitfall traps, and that we could only find two specimens, it seems that the new species is as rare as usual for representatives of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC5FFB1CB78F821FB22ADAA" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1887" box="[1069,1176,1954,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aphaonus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CB78F821FB22ADAA" box="[1069,1176,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Aphaonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, subterranean (MSS) traps (see Mamola
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC5FFB1CEE5F846FE65ADCF" box="[432,479,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
. 2016) could provide better results.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0F666DFFC4FFB0CFC2FD1BFB00A8BD" box="[151,1210,664,686]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001112/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" targetBox="[340,1248,212,636]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC4FFB0CFC2FD1BFB00A8BD" blockId="3.[151,1210,664,686]" box="[151,1210,664,686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC4FFB0CFC2FD1BFEA2A8BD" bold="true" box="[151,280,664,686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Map of Georgia showing location of Khevsha, type locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC4FFB0CC2DFD1AFBDDA8BD" authority="Bakuradze, 2017" authorityName="Bakuradze" authorityYear="2017" box="[888,1127,665,686]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neilgaimani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC4FFB0CC2DFD1AFBDDA8BD" box="[888,1127,665,686]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Pterostichus neilgaimani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237578CFFC4FFB0CB38FD1BFB00A8BD" box="[1133,1210,664,686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0F666DFFC4FFB0CFC2F903FB30AC85" box="[151,1162,1664,1686]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1001114/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" targetBox="[188,1400,734,1643]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC4FFB0CFC2F903FB30AC85" blockId="3.[151,1162,1664,1686]" box="[151,1162,1664,1686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC4FFB0CFC2F903FEADAC85" bold="true" box="[151,279,1664,1686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Forest close to Sacred Grove of Khevsha, type locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC4FFB0CC1DF903FB82AC86" authority="Bakuradze, 2017" authorityName="Bakuradze" authorityYear="2017" box="[840,1080,1664,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neilgaimani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC4FFB0CC1DF903FB82AC86" box="[840,1080,1664,1685]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Pterostichus neilgaimani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237578CFFC4FFB0CB6BF903FB30AC85" box="[1086,1162,1664,1686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCF36E5FFC4FFB0CF92F942FE3CAD52" blockId="3.[151,1436,1728,1857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">
As the
<typeStatus id="54CB8847FFC4FFB0CE41F942FEF8ACCB" box="[276,322,1729,1752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC4FFB0CEEAF943FDE4ACCB" authority="Bakuradze, 2017" authorityName="Bakuradze" authorityYear="2017" box="[447,606,1728,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neilgaimani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC4FFB0CEEAF943FDE4ACCB" bold="true" box="[447,606,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">P. neilgaimani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237578CFFC4FFB0CD30F942FD03ACCB" box="[613,697,1729,1752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is far from the known area of other
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC4FFB0CB17F943FB08ACCB" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1887" box="[1090,1202,1728,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aphaonus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC4FFB0CB17F943FB08ACCB" box="[1090,1202,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Aphaonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, it seems that species of this subgenus possibly lived in a continuous area of undisturbed forests, and that populations were fragmented due to habitat disturbance. In any case, density of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D66FFC4FFB0CDE9F884FC9DAD0D" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1887" box="[700,807,1799,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aphaonus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAF7FFC4FFB0CDE9F884FC9DAD0D" box="[700,807,1799,1822]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="94">Aphaonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations is usually low along the southern strip of the Great Caucasus range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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