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<mods:title id="55E02A11B2C6BE3A26116779938D5990">Late Pleistocene Red Sea Mollusca: 1. Polyplacophora</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D21D39FFB7395CFF7BFCBAFC46DA7D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3844015" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164035816" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3844015" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D21D39FFB7395CFF7BFCBAFC46DA7D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D21D39FFB7395CFF7BFCBAFC46DA7D" lastPageNumber="406" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
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<paragraph id="8BC4AC2FFFB7395CFF7BFCBAFDE4DD20" blockId="5.[151,532,777,804]" box="[151,532,777,804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
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<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFF7BFCBAFDE4DD20" bold="true" box="[151,532,777,804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7BD7ACFFB7395CFF02FCBAFDE4DD20" ID-CoL="7PBQT" authority="Thiele, 1909" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1909" box="[238,532,777,804]" class="Polyplacophora" family="Leptochitonidae" genus="Parachiton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidopleurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFF02FCBAFE85DD27" bold="true" box="[238,373,777,804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parachiton</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFE90FCBAFDE4DD20" author="Thiele, J." box="[380,532,777,803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref37156" refString="Thiele, J. (1909) Revision des Systems der Chitonen. Zoologica, 22, 1 - 132, pls. 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11245" type="journal article" year="1909">Thiele, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC4AC2FFFB7395CFF7BFCFDFB57DD6B" blockId="5.[151,1436,845,1150]" box="[151,1191,845,873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFF7BFCFDFEC2DD6B" bold="true" box="[151,306,845,872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<typeStatus id="54C0128DFFB7395CFF7BFCFDFF22DD6B" box="[151,210,846,872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7BD7ACFFB7395CFED5FCFDFC62DD6B" ID-CoL="6PC5F" authority="Thiele, 1909" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1909" box="[313,914,846,873]" class="Polyplacophora" family="Leptochitonidae" genus="Lepidopleurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidopleurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acuminatus" subGenus="Parachiton">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFED5FCFDFE2BDD6B" box="[313,475,846,872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Lepidopleurus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFE07FCFDFD99DD6B" box="[491,617,846,872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parachiton</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFD96FCFCFD0BDD6B" box="[634,763,847,872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">acuminatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFCEDFCFDFC62DD6B" author="Thiele, J." box="[769,914,846,872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref37156" refString="Thiele, J. (1909) Revision des Systems der Chitonen. Zoologica, 22, 1 - 132, pls. 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11245" type="journal article" year="1909">Thiele, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C361FFA4FFB7395CFF2BFCC2FD59DA15" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC4AC2FFFB7395CFF2BFCC2FD59DA15" blockId="5.[151,1436,845,1150]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFF2BFCC2FECBDD88" bold="true" box="[199,315,881,907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7BD7ACFFB7395CFEA9FCC2FE33DD88" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1909" box="[325,451,881,907]" class="Polyplacophora" family="Leptochitonidae" genus="Parachiton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidopleurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFEA9FCC2FE33DD88" box="[325,451,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parachiton</emphasis>
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was erected by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFD6DFCC2FCECDD88" author="Thiele, J." box="[641,796,881,907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref37156" refString="Thiele, J. (1909) Revision des Systems der Chitonen. Zoologica, 22, 1 - 132, pls. 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11245" type="journal article" year="1909">Thiele (1909)</bibRefCitation>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C7BD7ACFFB7395CFC03FCC2FB61DD88" box="[1007,1169,881,907]" class="Polyplacophora" family="Leptochitonidae" genus="Lepidopleurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidopleurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFC03FCC2FB61DD88" box="[1007,1169,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Lepidopleurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of its disproportionately large tail valve with subterminal mucro, and an overall similarity of the other valves with species of
<taxonomicName id="4C7BD7ACFFB7395CFF5BFC05FEA9DDD3" box="[183,345,950,976]" class="Polyplacophora" family="Leptochitonidae" genus="Lepidopleurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidopleurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFF5BFC05FEA9DDD3" box="[183,345,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Lepidopleurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is now considered a separate genus (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFCCAFC05FC34DDD2" author="Sirenko, B. I." box="[806,964,950,977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="27 - 49" refId="ref35647" refString="Sirenko, B. I. (2006) New outlook on the system of chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora). Venus, 65, 27 - 49." type="journal article" year="2006">Sirenko 2006</bibRefCitation>
), based also on radular differences (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFA8DFC05FF23DDF7" author="Saito, H." pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="161 - 187" refId="ref34947" refString="Saito, H. (1996) Seven new species of the genus Parachiton (Polyplacophora: Leptochitonidae) from the Northwest Pacific. Venus, 55, 161 - 187." type="journal article" year="1996">Saito 1996</bibRefCitation>
). There are 23 Recent species known to date, all distributed in the Indo-West Pacific except for
<taxonomicName id="4C7BD7ACFFB7395CFAFAFC69FE91DA15" authority="(Nierstrasz, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Nierstrasz" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Polyplacophora" family="Leptochitonidae" genus="Parachiton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidopleurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFAFAFC69FA6CDDF0" box="[1302,1436,985,1011]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">P. africanus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFF73FC48FEA9DA15" author="Nierstrasz, H. F." box="[159,345,1019,1046]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="155 - 158" refId="ref33877" refString="Nierstrasz, H. F. (1906) Remarks on the Chitonidae. II. Lepidopleurus africanus, nov. sp. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, Series 2, 10, 155 - 158, pl. 3." type="journal article" year="1906">Nierstrasz, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Mediterranean Sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C361FFA4FFB7395CFF2BFBAEFC46DA7D" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC4AC2FFFB7395CFF2BFBAEFC46DA7D" blockId="5.[151,1436,845,1150]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFF2BFBAEFE91DA3B" bold="true" box="[199,353,1053,1080]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7BD7ACFFB7395CFE8BFBADFE15DA3B" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1909" box="[359,485,1054,1080]" class="Polyplacophora" family="Leptochitonidae" genus="Parachiton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidopleurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFE8BFBADFE15DA3B" box="[359,485,1054,1080]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Parachiton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the Miocene to the present-day. The fossil record includes Miocene to Pleistocene deposits of the Mediterranean area (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFD41FBF2FC4ADA58" author="Dell'Angelo, B. &amp; Giuntelli, P. &amp; Sosso, M. &amp; Zunino, M." box="[685,954,1088,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="217 - 242" refId="ref30970" refString="Dell'Angelo, B., Giuntelli, P., Sosso, M. &amp; Zunino, M. (2015) Polyplacophora from the Miocene of North Italy. Part 1: Leptochitonidae, Hanleyidae, Ischnochitonidae and Callistoplacidae. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 121, 217 - 242." type="journal article" year="2015">
DellAngelo
<emphasis id="B90F703DFFB7395CFCADFBF1FC89DA58" box="[833,889,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFC29FBF2FBFADA58" author="Dell'Angelo, B. &amp; Lesport, J. - F. &amp; Cluzaud, A. &amp; Sosso, M." box="[965,1034,1089,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref31228" refString="Dell'Angelo, B., Lesport, J. - F., Cluzaud, A. &amp; Sosso, M. (2018 a) The Oligocene to Miocene chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) of the Aquitaine Basin, southwestern France, and Ligerian Basin, western France. Part 1: Leptochitonidae, Hanleyidae, Ischnochitonidae, Chitonidae, Spinochitonidae fam. nov. and Schizochitonidae. Bollettino Malacologico, 54, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="2018">2018a</bibRefCitation>
) and the Miocene (Badenian) of the Paratethys (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFEF7FBD0FE60DA7D" author="Sulc, J." box="[283,400,1123,1150]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref36568" refString="Sulc, J. (1934) Studien uber die fossilen Chitonen. I. Die fossilen Chitonen im Neogen des Wiener Beckens und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 47, 1 - 31, pls. 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="1934">Šulc 1934</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFE70FBD0FDD0DA7D" author="Baluk, W." box="[412,544,1123,1150]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="449 - 472" refId="ref29197" refString="Baluk, W. (1971) Lower Tortonian chitons from the Korytnica clays, southern slopes of the Holy Cross Mts. Acta geologica Polonica, 21, 449 - 472, pls. 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1971">Bałuk 1971</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFDC0FBD7FD97DA7D" author="Baluk, W." box="[556,615,1124,1150]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="281 - 297" refId="ref29236" refString="Baluk, W. (1984) Additional data on chitons and cuttlefish from the Korytnica clays (Middle Miocene; Holy Cross Mountains, Central Poland). Acta Geologica Polonica, 34, 281 - 297, pls. 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEAD1DEFFB7395CFD9EFBD7FC5BDA7D" author="Ruman, A. &amp; Hudackova, N. H." box="[626,939,1123,1150]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="155 - 173" refId="ref34851" refString="Ruman, A. &amp; Hudackova, N. H. (2015) Middle Miocene chitons (Polyplacophora) from the Slovak part of the Vienna Basin and the Danube Basin (Central Paratethys). Acta Geologica Slovaca, 7, 155 - 173." type="journal article" year="2015">Ruman &amp; Hudácková 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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