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<document id="37BB8E1E4A5640CDBFCF1210929A8B35" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5447.2.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119472" ID-ZooBank="FE4C4026-AB71-412F-82BE-3BB2813F03E2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1714985756098" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Liu, Yidi, Ren, Yujie &amp; Wang, Menglin" docDate="2024" docId="03CC490C5A21FFD5FF08F918FA4FF865" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5447.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5447 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acothrura impunctata" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="234" masterDocId="FFF531745A20FFDCFF9FFF89FFCFFF8F" masterDocTitle="Sexual dimorphism in the genus Acothrura Melichar, 1915 (Hemiptera: Lophopidae) and description of male and female specimens of A. impunctata (Jacobi, 1905)" masterLastPageNumber="238" masterPageNumber="225" pageNumber="226" updateTime="1715168175418" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="4F889F0270EC6D99936086254923934D">Sexual dimorphism in the genus Acothrura Melichar, 1915 (Hemiptera: Lophopidae) and description of male and female specimens of A. impunctata (Jacobi, 1905)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="36E19D8F7661BE6DF5B62B6F3D1161A3">College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China. &amp; Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8DDF7CEE4ED6E2F2CBC64F10D86E7326">College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China. &amp; Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A21FFDDFF08F918FD23F924" blockId="1.[151,748,1681,1708]" box="[151,748,1681,1708]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<heading id="D0924F765A21FFDDFF08F918FD23F924" bold="true" box="[151,748,1681,1708]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A21FFDDFF08F918FD95F924" ID-CoL="9HY7" authority="(Jacobi, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,602,1681,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A21FFDDFF08F918FE6AF924" bold="true" box="[151,421,1681,1708]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF485EB5A21FFDDFE2BF918FD9DF924" author="Jacobi, A." box="[436,594,1681,1707]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="425 - 446" refId="ref4211" refString="Jacobi, A. (1905) Zur Kenntnis der Cicadenfauna von Tonking. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 21, 425 - 446." type="journal article" year="1905">Jacobi, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A21FFDDFDF5F918FD2CF924" box="[618,739,1681,1707]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–14" captionStart-1="FIGURES 15–21" captionStart-2="FIGURES 22–28" captionStart-3="FIGURES 29–30" captionStart-4="FIGURES 31–36" captionStart-5="FIGURES 37–42" captionStart-6="FIGURES 43–44" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionStartId-5="7.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionStartId-6="9.[151,264,1749,1773]" captionTargetBox-0="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetBox-2="[178,1409,210,1900]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetBox-4="[169,1418,181,1913]" captionTargetBox-5="[181,1405,196,1920]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@4.[178,1409,181,1900]" captionTargetId-3="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetId-4="figure-26@6.[169,1418,181,1913]" captionTargetId-5="figure-19@7.[181,1405,181,1920]" captionTargetId-6="figure-230@9.[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionTargetPageId-5="7" captionTargetPageId-6="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 22–28. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURES 29–30. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia including internal reproductive system, lateral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." captionText-4="FIGURES 31–36. Acothrura impunctata, holotype. 31. Adult, dorsal view; 32. Type labels; 33. Head and thorax, lateral view; 34. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 35–36. Frons and clypeus." captionText-5="FIGURES 37–42. Acothrura impunctata, holotype. 37. Right tegmina and wing; 38. Left wing; 39. Apex of hind tibia and tarsus; 40–42. Apex of abdomen." captionText-6="FIGURES 43–44. Habitat of Acothrura impunctata in nature. 43. Male; 44. Females." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119485" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119487" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119491" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119493" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11119485/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11119487/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/11119491/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/11119493/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Figs 1–44</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A21FFDDFF08F95FFD8CF961" blockId="1.[151,752,1750,1804]" box="[151,579,1750,1774]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB75DF345A21FFDDFF08F95FFD8CF961" box="[151,579,1750,1774]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4DE0B5A21FFDDFF08F95FFDF0F961" author="Jacobi, A." box="[151,575,1750,1774]" page="438" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" year="1905">
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A21FFDDFF08F95FFDF0F961" ID-CoL="9XKMY" authority="Jacobi, 1905: 438" authorityName="Jacobi" authorityPageNumber="438" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,575,1750,1774]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Corethrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A21FFDDFF08F95FFE4DF962" box="[151,386,1750,1774]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Corethrura impunctata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF485EB5A21FFDDFE17F95FFDF0F961" author="Jacobi, A." box="[392,575,1750,1774]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="425 - 446" refId="ref4211" refString="Jacobi, A. (1905) Zur Kenntnis der Cicadenfauna von Tonking. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 21, 425 - 446." type="journal article" year="1905">Jacobi, 1905: 438</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A21FFDDFF08F97DFD3FF883" blockId="1.[151,752,1750,1804]" box="[151,752,1780,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB75DF345A21FFDDFF08F97DFD3FF883" box="[151,752,1780,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A21FFDDFF08F97DFDDCF883" ID-CoL="9HY7" authority="(Jacobi, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,531,1780,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A21FFDDFF08F97DFEB7F883" box="[151,376,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF485EB5A21FFDDFE1AF97DFDC4F883" author="Jacobi, A." box="[389,523,1780,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="425 - 446" refId="ref4211" refString="Jacobi, A. (1905) Zur Kenntnis der Cicadenfauna von Tonking. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 21, 425 - 446." type="journal article" year="1905">Jacobi, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
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:
<treatmentCitation id="0AC4DE0B5A21FFDDFD83F97DFD23F883" author="Melichar, L." box="[540,748,1780,1804]" page="353" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF485EB5A21FFDDFD83F97DFD23F883" author="Melichar, L." box="[540,748,1780,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="337 - 385" refId="ref4279" refString="Melichar, L. (1915) Monographie der Lophopinen. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 13, 337 - 385." type="journal article" year="1915">Melichar, 1915: 353</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A21FFDDFF08F8D7FEE7F8F7" blockId="1.[151,296,1886,1912]" box="[151,296,1886,1912]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<heading id="D0924F765A21FFDDFF08F8D7FEE7F8F7" bold="true" box="[151,296,1886,1912]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91124085A21FFDDFF08F8D7FEE7F8F7" bold="true" box="[151,296,1886,1912]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Description</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A21FFDDFF08F82EFC32F86A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1959,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Note. Sexual dimorphism occurs in this species. The most obvious differences between male and female are in the size, coloration and band patterns on the tegmina, as well as in leg coloration.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1AA8925A22FFDEFF08F8D8FE0DF876" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="227" startId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" targetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A22FFDEFF08F8D8FE0DF876" blockId="2.[151,1437,1873,2042]" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B91124085A22FFDEFF08F8D8FE88F8E5" bold="true" box="[151,327,1873,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">FIGURES 1–14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A22FFDEFED2F8DBFDE2F8E6" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[333,557,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A22FFDEFED2F8DBFDE2F8E6" box="[333,557,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
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, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1
<emphasis id="B91124085A22FFDEFAE2F837FA45F859" bold="true" box="[1405,1418,1982,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">–</emphasis>
4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A23FFDFFF08F8BEFAFDF8FC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1847,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="B91124085A23FFDFFF08F8BEFE98F8C0" bold="true" box="[151,343,1847,1871]" pageId="3" pageNumber="228">FIGURES 15–21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A23FFDFFEC0F8BEFD8DF8C0" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[351,578,1847,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A23FFDFFEC0F8BEFD8DF8C0" box="[351,578,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="228">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
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, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20
<emphasis id="B91124085A23FFDFFC7CF8D2FC3FF8FC" bold="true" box="[995,1008,1883,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="228">–</emphasis>
21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1AA8925A24FFD8FF08F80DFAE6F86B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="229" startId="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" targetBox="[178,1409,210,1900]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A24FFD8FF08F80DFAE6F86B" blockId="4.[151,1436,1924,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B91124085A24FFD8FF08F80DFE99F813" bold="true" box="[151,342,1924,1948]" pageId="4" pageNumber="229">FIGURES 22–28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A24FFD8FEC2F80DFDF0F813" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[349,575,1924,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A24FFD8FEC2F80DFDF0F813" box="[349,575,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="229">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1AA8925A25FFD9FF08F8CFFF09F80D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119485" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119485/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="230" startId="5.[151,264,1862,1886]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1838]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A25FFD9FF08F8CFFF09F80D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1862,1922]" pageId="5" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="B91124085A25FFD9FF08F8CFFE9BF8D1" bold="true" box="[151,340,1862,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="230">FIGURES 29–30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A25FFD9FEC5F8CFFDF4F8D1" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[346,571,1862,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A25FFD9FEC5F8CFFDF4F8D1" box="[346,571,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="230">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female genitalia including internal reproductive system, lateral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1AA8925A26FFDAFF08F811FCCFF85B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119487/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="231" startId="6.[151,264,1944,1968]" targetBox="[169,1418,181,1913]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A26FFDAFF08F811FCCFF85B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1944,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="B91124085A26FFDAFF08F811FE9BF83F" bold="true" box="[151,340,1944,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="231">FIGURES 31–36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A26FFDAFEC5F811FDF4F83F" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[346,571,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A26FFDAFEC5F811FDF4F83F" box="[346,571,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="231">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype. 31. Adult, dorsal view; 32. Type labels; 33. Head and thorax, lateral view; 34. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 35
<emphasis id="B91124085A26FFDAFD92F835FDD5F85B" bold="true" box="[525,538,1980,2004]" pageId="6" pageNumber="231">–</emphasis>
36. Frons and clypeus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1AA8925A27FFDBFF08F811FE28F85B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119491/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" startId="7.[151,264,1944,1968]" targetBox="[181,1405,196,1920]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A27FFDBFF08F811FE28F85B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1944,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis id="B91124085A27FFDBFF08F811FE98F83F" bold="true" box="[151,343,1944,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">FIGURES 37–42.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A27FFDBFEC1F811FD8EF83F" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[350,577,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A27FFDBFEC1F811FD8EF83F" box="[350,577,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype. 37. Right tegmina and wing; 38. Left wing; 39. Apex of hind tibia and tarsus; 40–42. Apex of abdomen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A28FFD4FF08FF1EFE5AFF3E" blockId="8.[151,405,151,177]" box="[151,405,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">
<heading id="D0924F765A28FFD4FF08FF1EFE5AFF3E" bold="true" box="[151,405,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="233" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91124085A28FFD4FF08FF1EFE5AFF3E" bold="true" box="[151,405,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">General appearance</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A28FFD4FF08FF69FB2BFF75" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,2014]" box="[151,1252,223,250]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">
<specimenCount id="9D6333935A28FFD4FF08FF69FF63FF75" box="[151,172,224,250]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="233" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
Body length including tegmina: 11.9–13.5 mm.
<specimenCount id="9D6333935A28FFD4FD5FFF69FD1AFF75" box="[704,725,224,250]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="233" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
Body length including tegmina: 15.3–15.6 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A28FFD4FF58FE8AFA80FCD1" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B91124085A28FFD4FF58FE8AFEC2FE92" bold="true" box="[199,269,259,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Head.</emphasis>
Vertex (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FEF3FE8AFE1FFE92" box="[364,464,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 1, 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FE41FE8AFDEBFE92" box="[478,548,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">15, 16</figureCitation>
) light brown, trapezoid, around 2.2 times wider for width at base than length in midline; anterior margin nearly straight, slightly shorter (around 0.7 times) than posterior margin; lateral margins sinuate, expanded below upper margin of compound eyes; posterior margin roundly concave; median carina present well; disc with two black semilunar spots at base adjoining the posterior margin. Frons in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FABEFEE6FAA6FE06" box="[1313,1385,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FAE7FEE6FA5BFE06" box="[1400,1428,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">16</figureCitation>
) protruded in front of vertex, around 0.5 times longer than vertex. Frons in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FBD6FE1AFB40FE22" box="[1097,1167,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FB06FE1AFB7AFE22" box="[1177,1205,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">17</figureCitation>
) tulip shaped, tawny, obviously longer than wide, around 1.4 times longer in midline than widest part, around 0.7 times wider in anterior margin than posterior margin; apical margin straight, lateral margins subparallel in upper half and expanded outward in basal 1/4; median carina well present, but not obvious in upper 1/3; sublateral carinae obviously ridged and fused in the apex to an inverted “V” shape; frontal disc with a large transverse black patch at middle crossing median carina, two oblique black bands on basal 1/4, and two transverse black bands near base; surrounding between sublateral carinae and lateral margins, the area distributed with several irregular black markings on each side from apical margin to near base, markings on apical 1/3 crisscrossed, then three transverse markings independent, and finally two large bands on basal 1/3. Frontoclypeal suture (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FE6CFD3AFDF6FD42" box="[499,569,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FDDBFD3AFDAFFD42" box="[580,608,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">17</figureCitation>
) nearly straight. Lateral ocelli red (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FC43FD3AFBECFD42" box="[988,1059,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FBB2FD3AFB84FD42" box="[1069,1099,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">19</figureCitation>
). Compound eyes rounded and black (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FF7EFD5EFE8BFD7E" box="[225,324,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FECFFD5EFE57FD7D" box="[336,408,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">15–19</figureCitation>
). Antennae (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FDBDFD5EFD4AFD7E" box="[546,645,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FD0FFD5EFD19FD7E" box="[656,726,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">16–17</figureCitation>
) with short scape, cylindrical pedicel and linear flagella, apex of scape and base of pedicel black. Clypeus (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FDC4FD72FD6FFC9A" box="[603,672,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FD35FD72FD09FC9A" box="[682,710,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">17</figureCitation>
) tawny, inverted triangular, around 1.4 times longer in midline than widest part, with one short and one long black longitudinal stripes arranged up and down on each side of median carina. Labium (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FF64FCCAFE8DFCD2" box="[251,322,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FED2FCCAFEA6FCD2" box="[333,361,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">17</figureCitation>
) tawny, reaching to metatrochanters, apical segment less than half length of basal segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A28FFD4FF58FCEEFD58FBD6" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B91124085A28FFD4FF58FCEEFEE8FC0E" bold="true" box="[199,295,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Thorax.</emphasis>
Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FE33FCEEFE3AFC0E" box="[428,501,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FD9DFCEEFDD0FC0E" box="[514,543,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">16</figureCitation>
) tawny, triangular, around 4.8 times wider at widest part than length at middle, tricarinate; with two small round black spots on each side of median carina near anterior margin, and four black longitudinal bands on each side of lateral area; anterior margin roundly protruded forward at middle; posterior margin almost straight. Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FDA1FC5AFD47FC62" box="[574,648,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FD07FC5AFD7AFC62" box="[664,693,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">16</figureCitation>
) tawny, large and inverted triangular, around 0.6 times longer in midline than widest part, tricarinate; with two black round spots on each side between median carina and lateral carinae, respectively close to anterior margin and to posterior margin, and five to seven black spots respectively on each side in lateral area; posterior apex sharp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A28FFD4FF58FBEAFB1AFB65" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B91124085A28FFD4FF58FBEAFEC9FBF2" bold="true" box="[199,262,1123,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Legs.</emphasis>
Fore and middle femur with two regular rows of black linear dots along its length in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FAD0FBEAFA5AFBF2" box="[1359,1429,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FF08FB0EFF7BFB2D" box="[151,180,1159,1186]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">15</figureCitation>
) and one row in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FD92FB0EFDAEFB2E" box="[525,609,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Fore tibia slightly foliated. Fore and middle tibia (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FB38FB0EFB3FFB2E" box="[1191,1264,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FB63FB0EFAD6FB2E" box="[1276,1305,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">17</figureCitation>
) with some black ring belts and rows of small black dots along its length. Hind tibia (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FC20FB22FBC8FB49" box="[959,1031,1195,1222]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FB8DFB22FB97FB4A" box="[1042,1112,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">20, 21</figureCitation>
) with three lateral spines and numerous small apical spines. Hind tarsus (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FDE2FB46FD09FB65" box="[637,710,1231,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FD4DFB46FD20FB66" box="[722,751,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">20</figureCitation>
) with a pad of microsetae on first segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A28FFD4FF58FB7AFE49F9A2" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B91124085A28FFD4FF58FB7AFE75FA82" bold="true" box="[199,442,1267,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Male with size slightly shorter than female. After soaked in alcohol, male (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FAB0FB7AFF69FABE" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 1–2, 4</figureCitation>
) with tegmina dark yellowish brown, irregular interspersed with numerous round black spots, with three broad transverse black bands respectively at basal 1/3, at middle and at apical 1/3, the basal and apical bands somewhat straight, middle band sinuate, apex of tegmina black but not always well visible in some specimens; all legs tawny. Female (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FF63FA0AFE4CFA12" box="[252,387,1411,1438]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 15, 18</figureCitation>
) with tegmina reddish brown, irregular interspersed with numerous round black spots but without black bands on surface; fore and middle legs (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FC9BFA2EFC49FA4E" box="[772,902,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 17, 18</figureCitation>
) light red, only hind legs (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FB27FA2EFAF5FA4E" box="[1208,1338,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,194,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[202,1385,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 15–21. Acothrura impunctata, female. 15. Adult, dorsal view; 16. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 17. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 18. Adult, lateral view; 19. Head and thorax, lateral view; 20–21. Hind leg. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119479/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 20–21</figureCitation>
) reddish tawny. In nature, male (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FE00FA42FE3EFA6A" box="[415,497,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–44" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1749,1773]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-230@9.[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 43–44. Habitat of Acothrura impunctata in nature. 43. Male; 44. Females." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119493/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
) with tegmina greyish white, the transverse bands and the round small spots brown, legs greyish white; female (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FE44FA66FDFFF986" box="[475,560,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–44" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1749,1773]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-230@9.[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 43–44. Habitat of Acothrura impunctata in nature. 43. Male; 44. Females." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119493/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
) with tegmina reddish brown, spots black, frons somewhat green, fore and middle legs light red.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A28FFD5FF58F9BEFDA7FF5A" blockId="8.[151,1437,223,2014]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B91124085A28FFD4FF58F9BEFEB7F9DE" bold="true" box="[199,376,1591,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Anal tube (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FE66F9BEFD94F9DE" box="[505,603,1591,1618]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 5, 8</figureCitation>
) with apical half slightly expanded and bending down in lateral view, apex truncated; in dorsal view cylindrical, obviously longer than wide, about 2.1 times longer for length in midline than width in midline; apical margin triangularly concave at middle, dorso-lateral angles rounded; anal pore located slightly above middle. Pygofer (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FD94F92AFD9FF931" box="[523,592,1699,1726]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) rectangular, longer than wide in lateral view; dorsal margin longer than ventral margin, dorsal margin inclined downward, dorso-lateral angle obtusely protruded posterior; posterior margin sinuate, concave anteriorly in apical half, then straight in basal half, baso-ventral process obvious; ventral margin straight. Gonostyli (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FEE6F886FE73F8A5" box="[377,444,1807,1834]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) with dorsal margin regularly upward then obviously concave at basal 1/3 forming two obvious and separate round lobes; basal lobe bearing a triangular process oriented ventrad near dorsal margin; ventral and posterior margins of gonostyli regularly curved. Periandrium (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FC1BF8DEFC39F8FE" box="[900,1014,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 9–14</figureCitation>
) with dorsal margin elevated on both side forming to a sack, nearly straight at middle, then fused to a sclerotized finger-shaped process directing upward to dorso-posterior in apex in lateral view; with a pair of strongly sclerotized needle-shaped processes directing to apex in apical 1/4 of ventral margin and a pair of auriform processes in apical 1/3. Aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A28FFD4FB38F84AFAD8F852" box="[1191,1303,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[257,1329,190,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[247,1339,179,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. Acothrura impunctata, male. 1. Adult, dorsal view; 2. Adult, lateral view; 3. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 4. Frons and clypeus, ventral view; 5. Genitalia, lateral view; 6. Genitalia, ventral view; 7. Hind legs; 8. Anal tube, dorsal view; 9. Phallic complex, left lateral view; 10. Phallic complex, right dorso-lateral view; 11. Phallic complex, left dorso-lateral view; 12. Phallic complex, dorso-caudal view; 13. Phallic complex, dorsal view; 14. Phallic complex, ventral view. Scale bars: 1–4, 7=1 mm; 5, 6, 8–14=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119477/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="233">Figs 9–11</figureCitation>
) with a pair of long ventral posterior processes derived from apical 1/3, curved upward, then directed dorsally in lateral view; apex of aedeagus rounded in lateral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A29FFD5FF58FF56FABAFD96" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="B91124085A29FFD5FF58FF56FE59FF77" bold="true" box="[199,406,222,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Anal tube (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FD80FF56FD37FF76" box="[543,760,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 22–28" captionStart-1="FIGURES 29–30" captionStartId-0="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox-0="[178,1409,210,1900]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@4.[178,1409,181,1900]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 22–28. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 29–30. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia including internal reproductive system, lateral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119485" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11119485/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 22–24, 28–29</figureCitation>
) strongly curved downward nearly at half length in lateral view, with a pair of large oval lobes in apical part; anal pore located in basal half. Gonoplacs (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FB26FE8AFAF5FE92" box="[1209,1338,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,210,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[178,1409,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 25–26</figureCitation>
) hirsute, in lateral view higher than wide, dorsal part narrower than ventral part, posterior margin nearly straight; in ventral view triangular. Gonapophysis IX (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FDBFFEC2FDBEFEEA" box="[544,625,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,210,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[178,1409,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
) small and reduced, triangular. Gonocoxae VIII (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FB0BFEC2FADBFEEA" box="[1172,1300,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,210,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[178,1409,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 27–28</figureCitation>
) developed, with dorsal margin nearly straight at middle but lateral sides curved upward to sharp angles directing to dorsad. Gonapophysis VIII (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FE1FFE1AFDCDFE22" box="[384,514,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,210,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[178,1409,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 27–28</figureCitation>
) small and reduced, triangular, fused at middle. Sternite VII (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FB5CFE1AFA8AFE22" box="[1219,1349,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–28" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,210,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[178,1409,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 22–28. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia. 22. Anal tube, dorsal view; 23. Anal tube, ventral view; 24. Anal tube, lateral view; 25. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, lateral view; 26. Gonoplacs and gonapophyses IX, caudal view; 27. Gonapophyses VIII, gonocoxae VIII and sternite VII, ventral view; 28. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119481/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 27–28</figureCitation>
) with a strongly sclerotized “ M ” shaped protrusion in middle of dorsal margin. Bursa copulatrix (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FB04FE3EFAD3FE5E" box="[1179,1308,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–30" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 29–30. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia including internal reproductive system, lateral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119485/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 29–30</figureCitation>
) large, ball shaped with white ornamentations, connected to posterior vagina by a short ductus. Anterior vagina (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FA8CFE52FA5BFE7A" box="[1299,1428,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–30" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 29–30. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia including internal reproductive system, lateral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119485/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 29–30</figureCitation>
) broad and developed, connected to a long spermatheca (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FC94FE76FC40FD96" box="[779,911,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–30" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 29–30. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia including internal reproductive system, lateral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119485/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 29–30</figureCitation>
). Sclerotized plate (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FBF4FE76FB24FD96" box="[1131,1259,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–30" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1435,181,1838]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 29–30. Acothrura impunctata, female genitalia including internal reproductive system, lateral view. Scale bars=0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119485/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 29–30</figureCitation>
) developed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAB915A29FFD5FF58FDABFD32FDB2" box="[199,765,546,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A29FFD5FF58FDABFD32FDB2" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,645]" box="[199,765,546,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="B91124085A29FFD5FF58FDABFEAEFDB3" bold="true" box="[199,353,546,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F372B88A5A29FFD5FEF8FDAAFE06FDB2" box="[359,457,547,573]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F372B88A5A29FFD5FE4AFDAAFDD7FDB2" box="[469,536,547,573]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49A136F85A29FFD5FDB9FDAAFD4FFDB2" box="[550,640,547,573]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A136F85A29FFD5FD13FDAAFD3EFDB2" box="[652,753,547,573]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAB915A29FFD5FF58FDCFFC49FD0A" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A29FFD5FF58FDCFFC49FD0A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="B91124085A29FFD5FF58FDCFFEE8FDEF" bold="true" box="[199,295,582,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Biology.</emphasis>
The specimens were collected from a bamboo forest adjacent to river (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FBEEFDCEFB36FDEE" box="[1137,1273,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–46" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[178,1409,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 45–46. Habitat of Acothrura impunctata in Qichong natural reserve, Guangxi, China." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119495" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119495/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 45–46</figureCitation>
). This species habitats on the stem and leaves of bamboo (
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A29FFD5FD1EFDE2FD2FFD0A" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[641,736,619,645]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="135EE49F5A29FFD5FD68FDE2FCB5FD0A" box="[759,890,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–44" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1749,1773]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-230@9.[151,1435,669,1726]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 43–44. Habitat of Acothrura impunctata in nature. 43. Male; 44. Females." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119493/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Figs 43–44</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1AA8925A29FFD5FF08F95CFC33F961" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11119493" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11119493" box="[151,1020,1749,1774]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11119493/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" startId="9.[151,264,1749,1773]" targetBox="[151,1435,669,1726]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A29FFD5FF08F95CFC33F961" blockId="9.[151,1020,1749,1774]" box="[151,1020,1749,1774]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="B91124085A29FFD5FF08F95CFE9BF961" bold="true" box="[151,340,1749,1774]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">FIGURES 43–44.</emphasis>
Habitat of
<taxonomicName id="4C6583995A29FFD5FE59F95FFD68F962" baseAuthorityName="Jacobi" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[454,679,1750,1774]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Acothrura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctata">
<emphasis id="B91124085A29FFD5FE59F95FFD68F962" box="[454,679,1750,1774]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Acothrura impunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in nature. 43. Male; 44. Females.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C37FAB915A29FFD5FF58F895FC66F8F1" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A29FFD5FF58F895FC66F8F1" blockId="9.[151,1437,1820,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="B91124085A29FFD5FF58F895FE61F8B9" bold="true" box="[199,430,1820,1846]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D6333935A29FFD5FE2DF895FE1AF8B9" box="[434,469,1820,1846]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="54DE46B85A29FFD5FE7EF895FD80F8B9" box="[481,591,1820,1846]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
), Chiem-Hoa, Central-Tonkin,
<collectingCountry id="F372B88A5A29FFD5FC3CF895FBCAF8B9" box="[931,1029,1820,1846]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,Aug.–Sept., H. Fruhstorfer (checked by photos);
<specimenCount id="9D6333935A29FFD5FE80F8C9FE90F8D5" box="[287,351,1856,1882]" count="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="male">7♂♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D6333935A29FFD5FEC0F8C9FE5EF8D5" box="[351,401,1856,1882]" count="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="female">7♀♀</specimenCount>
, Qichong natural reserve, Zhaoping County, Hezhou City,
<collectingRegion id="49A136F85A29FFD5FBB1F8C9FB33F8D5" box="[1070,1276,1856,1882]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Guangxi Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F372B88A5A29FFD5FA96F8C9FA80F8D5" box="[1289,1359,1856,1882]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">China</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE519EDD5A29FFD5FAC4F8C9FF3BF8F0" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" precision="15" seconds="55" value="24.281944">N 24º 16´55´´</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE519EDD5A29FFD5FE9FF8EDFE61F8F1" box="[256,430,1892,1919]" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" precision="15" seconds="18" value="110.83833">E 110º 50´18´´</geoCoordinate>
, Alt.
<quantity id="4C9D55FF5A29FFD5FE75F8EDFDE2F8F1" box="[490,557,1892,1918]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" unit="m" value="200.0">200m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDBDEDA5A29FFD5FDA7F8EDFD7BF8F1" box="[568,692,1892,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" value="2022-08-01">1 viii 2022</date>
, Liu YD &amp; Deng KY.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37FAB915A29FFD5FF58F801FA4FF865" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDAF81A5A29FFD5FF58F801FA4FF865" blockId="9.[151,1437,1820,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="B91124085A29FFD5FF58F801FEF5F82D" bold="true" box="[199,314,1928,1954]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">Remarks.</emphasis>
The difference in the partial part of COI gene sequences between a male (GenBank number on
<collectionCode id="ED7460DF5A29FFD5FACDF801FA56F82D" box="[1362,1433,1928,1954]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">NCBI</collectionCode>
: OR667024) and a female (GenBank number on
<collectionCode id="ED7460DF5A29FFD5FD37F825FD20F849" box="[680,751,1964,1990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="234">NCBI</collectionCode>
: OR667025) of this species is just around 2 bp from the length of 713 bp, confirming that the
<specimenCount id="9D6333935A29FFD5FE75F859FD42F865" box="[490,653,2000,2026]" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="234" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
are conspecific and depicting the sexual dimorphism of the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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