194 lines
16 KiB
XML
194 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3739808" approvalRequired="13" approvalRequired_for_treatments="13" checkinTime="1585778501182" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03BD87A2C679A20BF87CF9AFF2B24DAE" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hipposideros lankadiva Kelaart 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="242" masterDocId="FF84FFDAC676A204FFF8FF9AFFEF4346" masterDocTitle="Hipposideridae" masterLastPageNumber="258" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="242" updateTime="1658320025573" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hipposideridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>227</mods:start>
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<mods:end>258</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3739808</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810955" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163433751" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BD87A2C679A20BF87CF9AFF2B24DAE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD87A2C679A20BF87CF9AFF2B24DAE" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<heading pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<subSubSection box="[1924,2005,1589,1650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1922,3325,1588,1745]" box="[1924,2005,1589,1650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<figureCitation box="[1924,2005,1589,1650]" captionStart="Plate 17: Hipposideridae" captionStartId="10.[179,222,4387,4416]" captionTargetBox="[0,3699,0,4866]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="24. Large-eared Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros megalotis), 25. Boeadi’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros boeadii), 26. Ha Long Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros alongensis), 27. Great Himalayan Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros armiger), 28. Griffin’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros griffoni), 29. Pendlebury’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pendleburyi), 30. Lesser Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros turpis), 31. Grand Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros grandis), 32. Horsfield’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros larvatus), 33. Maduran Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros madurae), 34. Sorensen’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros sorenseni), 35. Sumban Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros sumbae), 36. Shield-faced Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros lylei), 37. Pratt’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pratti), 38. Shield-nosed Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros scutinares), 39. Makira Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros demissus), 40. Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros diadema), 41. Fierce Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros dinops), 42. Crested Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros inexpectatus), 43. Amhem Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros inomatus), 44. Indian Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros lankadiva), 45. Large Asian Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros lekaguli), 46. Peleng Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pelingensis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3739812/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">44.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2030,2655,1589,1650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1922,3325,1588,1745]" box="[2030,2655,1589,1650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<vernacularName box="[2030,2655,1589,1650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Indian Leaf-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2720,3325,1589,1650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1922,3325,1588,1745]" box="[2720,3325,1589,1650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kelaart" authorityYear="1850" box="[2720,3325,1589,1650]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lankadiva">
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<emphasis box="[2720,3325,1589,1650]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Hipposideros lankadiva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1922,3325,1588,1745]" box="[1924,3165,1665,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1924,2028,1667,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2039,2312,1665,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Phyllorhine indienne</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2338,2462,1667,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2474,2758,1665,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Indien-Rundblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2784,2910,1667,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2921,3165,1665,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Hiposidérido indio</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1922,3325,1588,1745]" box="[1923,2551,1718,1745]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1923,2258,1720,1745]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2270,2551,1718,1745]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Indian Roundleaf Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[2747,3552,1819,2390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2748,2961,1819,1858]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Kelaart, 1850" authorityName="Kelaart" authorityYear="1850" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lankadiva">Hipposideros lankadiva Kelaart, 1850</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2863,3196,1872,1911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[2747,3552,1819,2390]" box="[2863,3196,1872,1911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3753598337" box="[2863,3196,1872,1911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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Kandy,
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<collectingCountry box="[3003,3190,1872,1911]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[2747,3552,1819,2390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kelaart" authorityYear="1850" box="[2749,3174,1925,1964]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lankadiva">Hipposideros lankadiva</taxonomicName>
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is in the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[3407,3552,1925,1964]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadema">diadema</taxonomicName>
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species group. Three subspecies are recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3749123" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3749123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3749123/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" startId="15.[2748,2959,2085,2124]" targetBox="[1919,2717,1823,2383]" targetPageId="15">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[2747,3552,1819,2390]" box="[2748,3291,2085,2124]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2748,3291,2085,2124]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="15.[2747,3552,1819,2390]" box="[2748,3516,2139,2179]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName authority="Helaart, 1850" authorityName="Helaart" authorityYear="1850" box="[2748,3279,2139,2178]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lankadiva" subSpecies="lankadiva">H. I. lankadiva Helaart, 1850</taxonomicName>
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-Sri Lanka.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="15.[2747,3552,1819,2390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName authority="Bates et al., 2015" authorityName="Bates et al." authorityYear="2015" box="[2748,3202,2192,2231]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lankadiva" subSpecies="gyi">H. l. gyi Bates et aL, 2015</taxonomicName>
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-NE
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<collectingCountry box="[3318,3421,2192,2231]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Bangladesh" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
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, and N
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<collectingCountry box="[3022,3204,2245,2284]" name="Myanmar" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="15.[2747,3552,1819,2390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<taxonomicName authority="K. Andersen, 1918" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[2748,3299,2298,2337]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lankadiva" subSpecies="indus">H. l. indus K. Andersen, 1918</taxonomicName>
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— peninsular
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<collectingCountry box="[2747,2848,2351,2390]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1921,2264,2402,2441]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Tail 35-58 mm, ear 19-5-30 mm, hindfoot 11-7-20 mm, forearm
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<quantity box="[1923,2125,2453,2492]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="9.9" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="87.0" valueMax="99.0" valueMin="75.0">75—99 mm</quantity>
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. Greatest skulls lengths are 31-1—36-1 mm. Pelage on dorsum is pale cream to fulvous brown; ventral area is paler. There are three or four lateral leaflets on cheek, but fourth (outer) is very small or sometimes absent. Skull is robust There is no depression on rostral region. Sagittal crest is well developed. C1 is massive; P2is small and slightly extruded from tooth row. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 32 and FN = 60.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1921,2072,2722,2761]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Habitat.</emphasis>
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The Indian Leaf-nosed Bat forages in forests gaps from lower hills up to elevations of
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<quantity box="[2077,2217,2775,2814]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2273,2828,2867]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Indian Leaf-nosed Bat is known as an aerial-hawking bat, feeding in mid-air. Diet consists mostly of Coleoptera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2104,2934,2973]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Copulation has been recorded in August and September. Females give birth to a single young once a year; they were found pregnant from February to May, and giving birth and carrying young between May andJune.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1918,2244,3093,3132]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Indian Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in caves, tunnels, and temples. Echolocation is a CF/FM type, with a call frequency of the F segment of 68-8-70-7 kHz (
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<collectingCountry box="[2120,2311,3196,3235]" name="Myanmar" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2880,3253,3292]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Colony size can be from 50 up to several thousand individuals. The Indian Leaf-nosed Bat can be found sharing a cave with Black-bearded Tomb Bats (Taphozous melanopogon), Greater Asian False-vampires {
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1872" box="[1940,2124,3411,3450]" class="Mammalia" family="Megadermatidae" genus="Lyroderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lyroderma</taxonomicName>
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lyra), Lesser Dawn Bats (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1873" box="[2635,2808,3411,3450]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Eonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eonycteris</taxonomicName>
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spelata}, and Stoliczka’s Trident Bats (AstfZZiscus
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dobson" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[2113,2321,3464,3503]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Aselliscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="242" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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}.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2395,3517,3556]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on 77ze IUCN Red List. Although the Indian Leaf-nosed Bat is widespread in the Indian subcontinent, only very few colonies have been recorded. It may be at risk due to hunting, limestone mining, and quarrying.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="242" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="15.[1918,3547,2402,3816]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2126,3735,3764]" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Bates & Harrison (1997), Bates et al. (2015),
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<collectingRegion box="[2815,2883,3735,3764]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bafata" pageId="15" pageNumber="242">Bhat</collectingRegion>
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& Sreenivasan (1981), Corbet & Hill (1992), Eckrich & Neuweiler (1988), Francis (2008a), Molur, Yapa & Srinivasulu et al. (2008a), Simmons (2005).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |